重庆八中2020-2021学年高二上半期考试英语试题

重庆八中2020—2021学年度(上)半期考试高二年级英语试题第I卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试题卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanneedtodo?A.Ordersomeredwine.B.Haveherclothescleaned.C.Buysomewoolpants.2.Whatrowarethespeakersin?A.Row11.B.Row13.C.Row23.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Ajob.B.Arestaurant.C.Fastfood.4.Howmanystudentswillgotothemountains?A.18.B.20.C.21.5.WhichplaceimpressedthemanmostinBeijing?A.TheGreatWall.B.TheForbiddenCity.C.TheNationalGrandTheater.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。请听第6段材料，回答6至7题。6.Whereisthewoman’sscarf?A.Onthebed.B.Inthebag.C.Onthesofa.7.Whatdidthewomanforgettopack?A.Hergloves.B.Herhat.C.Hercoat.请听第7段材料，回答8至9题。8.Whydoesthewomanwanttoreplacethesofa?A.Itisunfortable.B.Itisreallyold.C.Itdoesn’tmatchthetable.9.Whatdothespeakersagreetodo?A.Changethetable.B.Buyareadinglamp.C.Movealampontothetable.请听第8段材料，回答10至12题。10.Whydoesthewomanmakethecall?A.Shewaschargedtwice.BHerbillhasnotyetarrived.C.Hertelevisiondoesn’tworkproperly.11.Whatiswrongwiththeshop?A.Itdoesn’tacceptcreditcards.B.Theshopassistantsarealwayscareless.C.Thereissomethingwrongwiththeputersystem.12.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Getawrittenapology.B.Offerherreceiptnumber.C.Havehertelevisionfixed.请听第9段材料，回答13至16题。13.Howdoesthemanfindhisjob?A.Satisfactory.B.Tiring.C.Boring.14.Whatdoesthemandonow?A.Hewritesarticlesforthemagazine.B.Hetakesphotographsofthemodels.C.Hecarriesthephotographicequipment.15.Wheredoesthewomanworknow?A.Inahotel.B.Inabookshop.C.Inarestaurant.16.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Helpherwithphotography.B.GetherajobinSpringStreet.C.Remendhertohispany.请听第10段材料，回答17至20题。17.WhatmadeTshirtspopular?A.Hollywoodfilms.B.Anewspaper.C.Americansoldiers.18.WhendidbigpaniesuseTshirtsas“walkingadvertisements”?A.Inthe1950s.B.Inthemid1960s.C.Inthe1970s.19.ForwhomdidpeoplewearTshirtsin1970?A.AngelaDavis.B.YvesSaintLaurent.C.JeanSeberg.20.WhatcolorTshirtdidYvesSaintLaurentdesign?A.White.B.Black.C.Blue.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。A8:30PMOutlookOutlookisbackwithanewseriesofreportstokeepyouuptodatewithallthat’snewintheworldofentertainment.Storiesgoallthewayfromthetechnicaltotheromantic,fromstagetoscreen.Therewillbereportsofthestarsofthemoment,thestarsofthefutureandthestarsofthepast.Thedirectorwithhisnewfilm,thedesignerwiththelatestfashion,andthemusicianwiththepopularsongarepartofthenewOutlook.TheprogramisintroducedbyFranLevine.9:00PMDiscoveryWhena10yearoldboygetsafirstclassdegreeinmathematicsoran8yearoldplayschesslikeafuturegrandmaster,theyareconsideredasgeniuses.Wheredoesthequalityofgeniusefrom?Isitallinthegenesorcananychildbeturnedintoagenius?Andifparentsdohaveachildwhomightbeeageniusinthefuture,whatshouldtheydo?Inthis30minutefilm,BarryJohnson,theprofessoratSchoolofMedicine,10:00PMScience/HealthIsitpossibletobeathighbloodpressurewithoutdrugs?Theansweris“yes”,accordingtotheresearchersatJohnsHopkinsandthreeothermedicalcenters.Afterastudyof800personswithhighbloodpressure,theyfoundthatafter6months,thosedevotedtoweightlossexerciseandeatingalowsalt,lowfatfoodlostabout13poundsandbecamefitter.Plus,35%ofthemdroppedintothe“normal”category.Thisweek,Dr.AlanDuckworthwilltellyouhowthesepeoplereducetheirbloodpressuretoalevelsimilartowhat’sachievedwithHypertensiondrugs.1.FromOutlook,youcangetagreatdealofinformationabout_____________.A.famousstars B.storytellersC.filmpanies D.musicfans2.WhowillbemostprobablyinterestedinDiscovery?A.Parentswhowanttosendtheirchildrentoaschoolofmedicine.B.Childrenwhoaregoodatmathematics.C.ParentswhowanttheirchildtobeeanotherAlbertEinstein.D.Childrenwhoareinterestedinplayingchess.3.Accordingtothethirdtext,whichofthefollowinghasalmostthesameeffectasHypertensiondrug?A.Lowsaltandlowfatfood.B.LossofthirteenpoundsinweightC.Sixmonthsofexercisewithoutdrugs.D.Exerciseplusahealthydiet.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了电视节目，目的在于吸引更多的观众来收看电视节目。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Outlook部分中的“Therewillbereportsofthestarsofthemoment,thestarsofthefutureandthestarsofthepast.”可知，将会有关于当下之星、未来之星和过去之星的报道。由此可知，从Outlook，你可以得到很多关于著名明星的信息。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Discovery中的“Wheredoesthequalityofgeniusefrom?Isitallinthegenesorcananychildbeturnedintoagenius?Andifparentsdohaveachildwhomightbeeageniusinthefuture,whatshouldtheydo?Inthis30minutefilm,BarryJohnson,theprofessoratSchoolofMedicine,NewYorkUniversitywillhelpyoudiscovertheanswer.(天才的品质从何而来？是基因使然，还是任何一个孩子都能成为天才？如果他们的父母将来会成为一个天才呢？在这部30分钟的影片中，纽约大学医学院教授巴里约翰逊将帮助你找到答案)”可知，这些节目意在培养天才型儿童。由此可知，想让自己的孩子成为另一个爱因斯坦的父母最有可能对Discovery感兴趣。故选【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Science/Health中的“Afterastudyof800personswithhighbloodpressure，theyfoundthatafter6months，thosedevotedtoweightlossexerciseandeatingalowsalt,lowfatfoodlostabout13poundsandbecamefitter.(经过对800名高血压患者的研究，他们发现6个月后，那些致力于减肥运动和吃低盐、低脂食物的人减掉了大约13磅，变得更健康了)”可知，运动加上健康饮食的效果几乎和高血压药物一样。故选D。【点睛】广告类阅读：1、品味广告的标题，联系平时所积累的知识，为了解材料大意作铺垫。2、要特别留意广告中包含的数字、联系人、地址等。3、要注意文中以黑体、大写、下划线等方式加以提示的文字，因为这很有可能是材料的核心或至少是一部分内容的概括。解题技巧点拨：阅读广告类文章时，也应该在整体把握文章结构的前提下，主要注意细节信息。细节题题干都是相应原文的变形（如同义改写、词性转换等），因此要找到答案一定要找到题干在原文中的出处，再把原文和选项相比较。做题时，根据所提问题用寻读、跳读的方法可达到事半功倍的效果。同时，在阅读时也要特别注意文中以粗体、大写、下划线等方式加以提示的文字，因为这很有可能是文章的核心或某一部分内容的概括。具体答题策略如下：1.先题后文：先读试题，了解考点；明确目的，快速捕捉，获取信息。8:30PMOutlook、9:00PMDiscovery、10:00PMScience/Health这几个小标题就确定了这篇文章的主旨，与节目有关。2.题干定向：根据题干关键词到文中定位答案范围，按照题目顺序依次而下：问题与材料相同；对号入座；问题与原文相同；同义替换、归纳事实等。比如第1题，根据题干定位到第一段。根据Outlook部分中的“Therewillbereportsofthestarsofthemoment,thestarsofthefutureandthestarsofthepast.”可知，将会有关于当下之星、未来之星和过去之星的报道。由此可知，从Outlook，你可以得到很多关于著名明星的信息。故选A。BTheterm“boomerangkids”referstoadultchildrenwhomovebackintotheirparents’houseafteraperiodoflivingontheirown.Traditionally,Americansexpecttofinishtheirschooling,getajob,andthenmoveoutoftheirparents’homeassoonastheybeefinanciallyindependent.Unlikeinothercountrieswhereitismonforadultchildrentolivewiththeirparentsuntiltheymarry,orevenaftertheyaremarried,intheU.S.,adultslivingwiththeirparentsaftergraduatingandgettingajobisnotthetypicalpattern.Howeverthingsmaybechanging.Thecurrentgenerationofyoungadultsarebeingcalledthe“boomeranggeneration”becausethelackofjobshasdrivenmanyofthemtomovebackinwiththeirparents,afterhavinglivedontheirownwhileincollegeoraftergettingafulltimejob.Fewerparentsareexperiencingwhatwesometimescallan“emptynest”,ahomewheretheadultchildrenleaveandonlytheparentsremain.InastudyconductedbythePewHowdoesthislivingarrangementaffecttherelationshipsbetweenparentsandadultchildren?Aboutaquarteroftheyoungadultssaythattheirrelationshipwiththeirparentshasimproved,aquartersayithasworsened,andabout50%sayithasn’thadanyeffecteitherway.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“boomerangkids”inParagraph1mean?A.Peoplewhoareadultsbutmentallychildish.B.Peoplewhocansavelittlemoneyeverymonth.C.Peoplewholiveontheirparentswhenthey’vegrownup.D.Peoplewhotakecareoftheirparentsbylivingwiththem.5.What’sthetraditionalpatterninAmerica?A.Youngadultslivewiththeirparentsaftergraduation.B.Youngadultsfindafulltimejobwiththeirparents’help.C.Youngadultsgotocollegetogetadegree.D.Youngadultsliveontheirownandsupportthemselves.6.Whatmayleadtothe“boomeranggeneration”phenomenon?A.Parents’overprotection. B.Thetightemploymentmarket.C.Lackoflifeexperience. D.Parents’fearforthe“emptynest”.7.WhichstatementaboutthestudyisTRUEaccordingtoParagraph4?A.Abouttwothirdsoftheparentsfoundithardtolivewiththeiradultkids.B.Allthekidsinthestudywantedtolivewiththeirparents.C.Roughly30%ofpeoplemovedbackwiththeirparents.D.65%oftheparentsgavefinancialaidtotheirkids.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.A【解析】本文是说明文，文章介绍了美国近年来的一个社会现象—“回巢族”，即汉语中所说的啃老族。【4题详解】词义猜测题。根据第一段“Theterm“boomerangkids”referstoadultchildrenwhomovebackintotheirparents’houseafteraperiodoflivingontheirown.”“回巢族”指的是独立生活一段时间后搬回父母家住的成年子女。和第三段“becausethelackofjobshasdrivenmanyofthemtomovebackinwiththeirparents”因为缺少工作迫使他们中的许多人搬回去和父母住。可知，boomerangkids指的是那些经过一段独立生活后又重新回到父母家中的成年人，并且这些人继续依靠父母生活，故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Traditionally,Americansexpecttofinishtheirschooling,getajob,andthenmoveoutoftheirparents’homeassoonastheybeefinanciallyindependent.”传统上，美国人希望完成学业，找到一份工作，然后一旦经济独立就搬出父母的家。可知传统的美国生活方式是孩子经济独立并且自己居住，故选D项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Thecurrentgenerationofyoungadultsarebeingcalledthe“boomeranggeneration”becausethelackofjobshasdrivenmanyofthemtomovebackinwiththeirparents,”目前这一代年轻人被称为“回巢族”，因为缺少工作迫使他们中的许多人搬回父母家。可知，重新回到父母家中生活的成年人是因为缺乏工作，即紧张的就业市场导致这一现象的出现。故选B项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“withover75%oftheseyoungadultssayingtheyliketheirlivingarrangement,sometimesit’snoteasyfortheparents.65%parentssaythatitisdifficulttoadjusttothereturnoftheirchildren,especiallywhendecidinghowmuchhelptogivethem.”超过75%的年轻人表示，他们喜欢自己的生活安排，有时对父母来说并不容易。65%的家长表示很难适应孩子的回归，特别是在决定给予他们多少帮助的时候。可知，这些孩子成年后重新回到父母家中生活，大约有三分之二的父母很不适应。故选A项。CAfewyearsagoItookasightseeingtriptoWashington,D.C..StandingoutsidetheRonaldInaninstant,IrealizedwhatIhaddone.IjudgedanotherpersonsimplyforwhatIconsideredshehadtobe.IhatedwhatIsawinmyself.Thisincidentreawakenedmybeliefinhumility(谦逊),eventhoughI’dlostitforamoment.ThethingIhadforgottenaboutmyselfisthatIamanimmigrant(移民).IleftHondurasandarrivedintheU.S.attheageof15.Istartedmynewlifewithtwosuitcases,mybrotherandsister,andastrong,seriousmindedmother.Throughtheyears,Ihavebeenadishwasher,mechanicandpizzadeliverydriveramongmanyotherhumblejobs,andfinallyIbecameanetworkengineer.Inmyownlife,Ihaveexperiencedmanyopenactsofprejudice(偏见).Irememberatime,atage17—Iworkedasawaiter,andIheardafathertellhislittleboythatifhedidnotdowellinschool,hewouldenduplikeme.Ihavealsowitnessedthesametreatmentofmyfamilyandfriends,soIknowwhatit’slike,andIshouldhaveknownbetter.Butnow,livinginmyAmericanmiddleclasslifestyle,itistooeasytoforgetmypast,toforgetwhoIamandwhereIhavebeen,andtolosesightofwhereIwanttobegoing.ThatblindwomanonthestreetsofWashington,8.Wecanlearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphsthat________.A.theblindwomanneededthemoneybadlyB.theauthorthoughtwhathedidtothewomanwaswrongC.theauthorwasaspoorastheblindwomanD.Theblindwomanwasannoyedwiththeauthor9.AccordingtoParagraph4,hearingthefather’swords,theauthorwasprobably________.A.ratherhurt B.veryexcited C.deeplymoved D.greatlyattracted10.Accordingtothepassage,theauthorprobablyagreesthatoneshould________.A.benicetotheelderlyandthedisabledB.treatothersequallywithloveandrespectC.trytoexperiencedifferentkindsoflifeD.reflectonone’spastasoftenaspossible11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.LearnfromyourPast B.HowmyAmericanDreamesTrueC.TheElderlyNeedRespect D.AValuableLessonintheStreet【答案】8.B9.A10.B11.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者去华盛顿观光旅行，在罗纳德·里根中心遇到了一位盲人，她给作者给上了生动的一课，让作者认识到自己的问题所在，即不能公平地对待每一个人。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Inaninstant,IrealizedwhatIhaddone．IjudgedanotherpersonsimplyforwhatIassumedshehadtobe．IhatedwhatIsawinmyself．在一瞬间，我意识到我做了什么。我对另一个人的判断仅仅是因为我认为她应该是那样的人。我讨厌我看到的自己。”说明我为自己的偏见感觉羞愧，故选B。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段的“Ihaveexperiencedmanyopenactsofprejudice(偏见)．Irememberatime,atage17——Iworkedasawaiter,andIheardafathertellhislittleboythatifhedidnotdowellinschool,hewouldenduplikeme．我经历过许多公开的偏见行为。我记得有一次，在我17岁做服务员时，我听到一位父亲对他的小男孩说，如果他在学校表现不好，他最终会像我一样。”可知，对方说这样的话是严重的看不起我，让我感觉很受伤。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“ThatblindwomanonthestreetsofWashington,D.C.,curedmeofmyblindness．Sheremindedmeofmybeliefinhumilityandtoalwayskeepmyeyesandheartopen．在华盛顿大街上的那个失明的女人，治愈了我的失明。她提醒了我谦卑的信念，让我时刻保持眼睛和心灵的开阔。”和文章第二段的“Thisincidentreawakenedmybeliefinhumility(谦恭),eventhoughI’dlostitforamoment．这件事重新唤醒了我对谦卑的信念，尽管我曾经一度失去了这种信念。”说明我意识到自己的问题所在，根据外表去判断一个人，而没有公平地对待别人，由此判断出作者可能同意一个人应该以爱和尊重平等对待他人故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。文章讲述了作者去华盛顿观光旅行，在罗纳德·里根中心遇到了一位盲人，她给作者给上了生动的一课，让作者认识到自己的问题所在，即不能公平地对待每一个人。因此，本文的最佳标题为“街上的宝贵一课”。故选D。DNewZealandplanstoforbidforeignerstobuyexistinghomes.Thebanisexpectedtobeelawthisyear.ItaimstoslowtherisinghousingpricesandprotectNewZealandersinterestedinbuyingahome.TheLabourPartygovernmentbelievesthatforeigninvestorshavepushedmanypossiblefirsttimehomebuyersandfamiliesoutofthehousingmarket.Lastyear,housingpricesacrossthecountryroseby5.8percent,toover$405,000.HousingpricesroseevenmoreinNewZealand’scapitalcity,Wellington.Pricethererosebymorethan18percentovera12monthperiodthatendedinJune2017.Therisingpriceshavepushedhomeownershipoutsidethereachofmanypossiblebuyers.OnehomeownertoldVOAhefeelssorryfortheyoungergeneration.“Ijustbelievethemarkethasmadeitimpossibleforthemtogetintothehousing.”Just25yearsago,threeoutofeveryfourNewZealanderslivedintheirownhomes.Nowtherateis64percent—andfalling.Thebanonforbiddingforeignerstobuyexistinghomeshasyettobeapproved.Butthemeasure,calledtheOverseasInvestmentAmendmentBill,passeditsfirstreadinginparliament(国会)inDecember.Limitingforeignownershipofhousinghasbeentriedinothercountries,includingSwitzerland,“IfforeigninvestorsarelookingtoputtheircashintoNewZealand,ifitthenforcesupthepriceofproperty,peoplecannotaffordtoliveanymore.”saysNormanGemmell,chairofpublicfinanceatVictoriaUniversity.Criticssayforeigninvestorshavehadonlyasmalleffectonthecostofhousing.Lowinterestrates,limitedsupplyandimmigrationhavealsodrivenuphouseprices.Housingpricescontinuetoriseacrossthecountry.AndformanyNewZealanders,thedreamofowningahomeisasdistantasever.12.Whichisthemainfactorofthehighhousingprices,accordingtotheLabourPartygovernment?A.Lowinterestrates. B.Investorsathome.C.Immigration. D.Foreignbuyers.13.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Housingpricesrosebyover18percentoverayear.B.Thehousingpricesofthecapitalcityrosetheleast.C.TherateofNewZealanderslivingintheirownhousesisdecreasing.D.Thecountryhaswitnessedthehighestriseinhousingpricesuptonow.14.Accordingtothepassage,theban__________.A.hasbeenapprovedinNewZealandB.willencourageforeignerstobuyahouseC.hasbeentriedinothercountriesD.willmakelocalpeoplehardertoownahome15.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.ItishardforthelocalstobuyahouseinNewZealand.B.NewZealandwillpreventforeignbuyersfrombuyingahouse.C.ThepricesofhousesinNewZealandhavebeenrisingsharply.D.TherearemanyreasonsforhighhousingpricesinNewZealand.【答案】12.D13.C14.C15.B【解析】本文是新闻报道。新西兰计划限制外国人购房来放缓房价上涨，同时保护本地人购房利益。但也有人对此政策持批评态度。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“TheLabourPartygovernmentbelievesthatforeigninvestorshavepushedmanypossiblefirsttimehomebuyersandfamiliesoutofthehousingmarket”工党政府认为，外国投资者已经将许多可能的首次购房者和家庭挤出了房地产市场。可知工党政府认为外国投资者是高房价的主要因素，故选D项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Just25yearsago,threeoutofeveryfourNewZealanderslivedintheirownhomes.Nowtherateis64percent—andfalling.”就在25年前，每四个新西兰人中就有三个人住在自己的房子里。现在这个比率是64%，而且还在下降。可知现在新西兰人住在自己的房子的比率在下降，故选C项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Limitingforeignownershipofhousinghasbeentriedinothercountries,includingSwitzerland,”包括瑞士在内的其他国家也尝试过限制外国人拥有住房。可知限制外国人住房禁令已经其它国家实行。故选C项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“NewZealandplanstoforbidforeignerstobuyexistinghomes.Thebanisexpectedtobeelawthisyear.”新西兰计划禁止外国人购买二手房。这项禁令有望在今年成为法律。结合后文一直在阐述新西兰实施这个计划的原因和人们的看法，可知本文的主旨就是新西兰将禁止外国买家购房。故选B项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoImproveyourMemoryMostofuscanloseourtrainofthoughtmidwaythroughasentencebutwhenyou’reastandupic(单口相声演员),itcancausedisaster—asedianBillyConnollyknows.The70yearoldScotadmittedthefactlastweek,andhenowsuffersfromworryingaboutmemorylossonstage.____16____HiswifePamelaowesittoyearsofdrinkinginhisearlycareer.Butabsentmindednessisnotjustabout“seniormoments”,saysneuropsychologistDrIddon.“Inarecentstudyofhealthyadults,theaveragenumberofmemoryslips,likeputtingthecoffeejarinthefridge,wasaroundsixperweek,regardlessofage,sexandintelligence,”saysDrIddon.“____17____”Rememberingisanactiveprocessandmakingthemostofyourmemoryinvolvespayingbetterattention,planningandorganising.___18___1.Exercisemore.Severalstudieshaveshownthatexerciseisparticularlygoodatimprovingmemory.Exerciseisalsothoughttoencouragethegrowthofnewbraincellsinthehippocampus—anareaofthebrainimportantinmemoryandlearning.2.___19___Soifajokeislearnedinthepresenceofaparticularsmell,thatsamesmellmayarousethememoryforthatjoke.“Moresimply,wheninanexam,Iadvisemystudentstoimaginetheplaceinwhichtheywererevisingasareminder,”saysAndrewJohnson,memoryspecialistandlecturerinpsychology.3.Drinkmoremilk.Scientistsasked972peopletofillindetailedsurveysontheirdietsandtopleteeightdifficultteststochecktheirconcentration,memoryandlearningabilities.___20___A.Learnmorejokes.B.Connectthememorywiththeenvironment.C.Tomakemattersworse,sometimeshecannotrememberhislines.D.Infact,itwastheyounger,busierpeoplethatwerethemostabsentminded.E.Luckily,therearesomestrategiestohelpyouavoidthoseembarrassingmoments.F.Thebestwaytostrengthenamemoryistogothroughtheinformationbeforesleep.G.Adultswhooftenconsumeddairyproductsdidfarbetterinmemorytestsparedwiththosewhorarelydid.【答案】16.C17.D18.E19.B20.G【解析】本文是议论文，文章主要给出了4种提高记忆力的方法。【16题详解】根据上文“andhenowsuffersfromworryingaboutmemorylossonstage”现在他在舞台上担心失忆。前文说到喜剧演员Billy担心自己在舞台上失忆，C项说“更糟的是，有时他连台词都记不住。”C项是对前一句舞台上失忆的具体解释，选项承接了上文，故选C项。【17题详解】根据上文“Inarecentstudyofhealthyadults,theaveragenumberofmemoryslips,likeputtingthecoffeejarinthefridge,wasaroundsixperweek,regardlessofage,sexandintelligence”在最近一项针对健康成年人的研究中，不管年龄、性别和智力如何，人们平均每周健忘六次左右，比如把咖啡罐放进冰箱。上文Iddon医生说健忘无关乎年龄，D项说“事实上，更年轻更忙的人是最健忘的”，D项进一步说明了容易健忘的人群，承接上文，故选D项。【18题详解】根据上文“Rememberingisanactiveprocessandmakingthemostofyourmemoryinvolvespayingbetterattention,planningandorganising.”记忆是一个积极的过程，充分利用你的记忆包括更好地集中注意力、计划和组织。此处开始引入要充分利用记忆。再结合本文标题和后文的小标题可以看出，此处要开始提出建议，E项“幸运的是，有一些策略可以帮助你避免这些尴尬时刻。”E项承上启下，故选E项。【19题详解】根据下文“Soifajokeislearnedinthepresenceofaparticularsmell,thatsamesmellmayarousethememoryforthatjoke”所以，如果一个笑话是在特定的气味中习得的，同样的气味可能会唤起对那个笑话的记忆。此处提到了气味和消化之间的记忆关系，两者之间有一个环境相联系。B项说“将记忆和环境联系在一起”，此处符合下文举出的气味的例子，故选B项。【20题详解】根据第三部分的标题“Drinkmoremilk.”多喝牛奶，以及下文提到的detailedsurveysontheirdiets填写一份有关饮食的详细调查，可知第三部分主要讲了饮食对记忆的帮助。G项说“经常食用奶制品的成年人在记忆测试中的表现要比很少食用奶制品的人好得多。”此处提到了奶制品以及奶制品对人们记忆上的帮助，呼应了标题，故选G项。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分55分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。Itwas15yearsagothatoneofthemostupsetthingsinmylifehappened.Inaclean,clinicalroom,mybestfriendwasdyinginmyarms.Hiseyes,darkbrownandtrusting,wouldsoon____21____forever.Heartbroken,Isaid,“Flash,you____22____somuchhappinesstome.Iwilldosomethinggoodasa(an)____23____.”Flashcameintomy____24____whenIwasnine.Fromthemomentmyparentsbroughtthiscutedoghome,he____25____myfamilywithjoy.Then,____26____happened.Mymumwasdiagnosedwith(被诊断出)breastcancerwhenIwas11.Thenmygrandma,whowasmystrength,____27____forlungcancer.Mysister____28____Crohn’sDiseaseandwhilebeingtested,sufferedaheartattack.Iwasbeingbulliedatschoolandstartedto____29____classesandavoidseeingpeople.Flashsoongavemealltheforthecouldoffer.ThereweretimeswhenIfelttherewasno____30____,butapairofbrowneyesandlovingfacewouldsomehow____31____me.Iknewhewas____32____thereforme.Iknewheunderstood.Nowafter15years,Flashwas____33____.Ithoughtdoingcharityworkwasthebestrewardforhim.I____34____inanonprofitorganizationinSouthamptonandcontributedabout3,500hoursto____35____childrenwithspecialneeds,whichpletelychangedmylife.Ilearnedtolovethe____36____Ihadbeenon,andevenacceptthe____37____bits.IstillmissFlash.Itwashethathadsomehow____38____metohelpothers.Flash’sdeathwasoneofthe____39____momentsofmylife.Butitwasalsoaninspiringmomentthat____40____meinthebestpossibleway—forever.21.A.open B.fade C.shine D.close22.A.told B.brought C.saved D.owed23.A.reward B.award C.bonus D.relief24.A.world B.room C.mind D.power25.A.helped B.protected C.filled D.decorated26.A.wonders B.stories C.disasters D.mistakes27.A.wentaway B.passedaway C.diedaway D.flewaway28.A.developed B.caused C.noticed D.gained29.A.pass B.skip C.take D.enjoy30.A.use B.time C.money D.hope31.A.annoy B.ease C.lift D.change32.A.frequently B.sometimes C.always D.hardly33.A.aging B.deserted C.missing D.gone34.A.searched B.volunteered C.peted D.performed35.A.talkingabout B.meetingwith C.caringfor D.bringingup36.A.earth B.street C.holiday D.37.A.fantastic B.difficult C.awkward D.pleasant38.A.trained B.forced C.inspired D.persuaded39.A.fullest B.saddest C.tiniest D.craziest40.A.explained B.admitted C.transformed D.described【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.A25.C26.C27.B28.A29.B30.D31.B32.C33.D34.B35.C36.D37.B38.C39.B40.C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。陪伴多年的狗去世了，作者悲痛欲绝。狗死去之后，作者加入了志愿者服务行列去回报狗的陪伴。而这样的工作给作者带来了积极的影响，彻底改变了作者。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它那双深棕色的信任的眼睛很快就要永远闭上了。A.open打开；B.fade褪色；C.shine照耀；D.close关闭。根据上文“mybestfriendwasdyinginmyarms”我最好的朋友要在我怀里奄奄一息，下文“Flash’sdeath”Flash的去世，可知，此处是狗就要去世了，它的眼睛即将永远闭上。故选D项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Flash，你给我带来了这么多的快乐。A.told告诉；B.brought带来；C.saved挽救；D.owed归因于，欠。根据空格宾语“somuchhappiness”这么多的快乐，以及下文狗与作者的相处可知，Flash给作者带来了很多的快乐。故选B项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我会做些好事作为回报的。A.reward回报；B.award奖品；C.bonus津贴；D.relief欣慰。根据下文“Ithoughtdoingcharityworkwasthebestrewardforhim.”我认为做慈善工作是对它最好的回报。可知，作者想做些好事来回报Flash。故选A项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我九岁的时候，Flash进入了我的世界。A.world世界；B.room空间；C.mind思想；D.power力量。根据下文“Fromthemomentmyparentsbroughtthiscutedoghome”我父母把这只可爱的小狗带回家，由此可知，Flash被作者的父母带进了作者的世界。故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从我父母把这只可爱的小狗带回家的那一刻起，它让我的家庭充满了欢乐。A.helped帮助；B.protected保护；C.filled填满；D.decorated装饰。根据上文“Flash,you2somuchhappinesstome.”Flash，你给我带来了这么多的快乐。可知，Flash给一家人带来了快乐。fillmyfamilywithjoy“让我的家庭充满快乐”，符合题意。故选C项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，灾难发生了。A.wonders奇迹；B.stories故事；C.disasters灾难；D.mistakes错误。根据下文“MymumwasdiagnosedwithbreastcancerwhenIwas11.Thenmygrandma,whowasmystrength,7forlungcancer.Mysister8Crohn’sDiseaseandwhilebeingtested,sufferedaheartattack.Iwasbeingbulliedatschoolandstartedto9classesandavoidseeingpeople.”作者11岁时妈妈被诊断处乳腺癌，奶奶因为肺癌去世，妹妹得了克罗恩病，而且在检查时，心脏病发。自己在学校被欺凌。由此可知，这一切对作者来说都是灾难。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后，给与我力量的奶奶，因为肺癌去世了。A.wentaway离开；B.passedaway去世；C.diedaway逐渐消失；D.flewaway飞走。根据空格后“forlungcancer”因为肺癌，再结合选项，可知奶奶死于肺癌。故选B项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：妹妹得了克罗恩病，在接受检查时，心脏病发作了。A.developed患（病）；B.caused造成；C.noticed注意；D.gained获得。根据空格后宾语“Crohn’sDisease”克罗恩病，结合选项，应该是妹妹患了克罗恩病。故选A项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在学校被欺负，开始逃课，不愿见人。A.pass传递；B.skip略过，逃避；C.take拿；D.enjoy享受。根据上文“Iwasbeingbulliedatschool”我在学校被欺凌，以及下文“avoidseeingpeople”不愿意见人，由此可知，作者因为在学校受欺负，就开始逃课，不见人，skipclasses“逃课”。故选B项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时我感到没有希望，但一双棕色的眼睛和一张充满爱意的脸总能让我放松下来。A.use使用；B.time时间；C.money金钱；D.hope希望。根据上文可知，作者的家里发生了一系列的不幸的事情，再加上作者在学校受到欺负，所以作者感觉没有了希望。故选D项。

【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：参见上题。A.annoy打扰；使恼怒；B.ease使宽慰（放松）；C.lift举起；D.change改变。根据上文“ThereweretimeswhenIfelttherewasno10”我有时候会感到没有希望，下文but引出转折句意，结合选项可知，虽然作者感到绝望，但是狗的眼神和表情却让我宽慰。故选B项。

【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我知道它总是在我身边。A.frequently频繁地；B.sometimes有时；C.always一直；D.hardly几乎不。根据上文“Flashsoongavemealltheforthecouldoffer.”Flash给我它能给的全部安慰，以及下文“Iknewheunderstood”我知道它理解我，综合可知，这只狗能理解作者，安慰作者，一直陪伴在作者的身边。故选C项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在过了15年，Flash离开了。A.aging变老的；B.deserted被遗弃的；C.missing丢失的；D.gone走了，离开了。根据下文Flash’sdeath可知，Flash死了，离开了。故选D项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在南安普顿的一个非营利组织做志愿者，投入了3500个小时去照顾有特殊需要的孩子，这完全改变了我的生活。A.searched寻找；B.volunteered自愿做；C.peted竞争；D.performed表现。根据上文“Ithoughtdoingcharityworkwasthebestrewardforhim.”我认为做慈善工作是对它最好的回报，结合空格后“inanonprofitorganization”在一个非盈利组织，综合可知，我是在一个非盈利组织做志愿者。故选B项。【35题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：参见上题。A.talkingabout谈论；B.meetingwith遇见；C.caringfor照顾；D.bringingup提出，养育。结合上文，作者在一个非盈利机构做志愿者，再根据空格后宾语“childrenwithspecialneeds”有特殊需要的孩子，由此可知，作者投入3500小时在这个机构照顾有特殊需要的孩子。故选C项。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我学会了热爱我所经历的旅程，甚至接受那些艰难的事情。A.earth地球，泥土；B.street街道；C.holiday假期；D.journey旅程。由上文可知，作者经历了很多事情，现在作者学着热爱自己所经历的人生。作者把自己的人生经历当作了一种旅程。故选D项。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：参见上题。A.fantastic极好的；B.difficult困难的；C.awkward尴尬的；D.pleasant高兴的。根据上文可知，作者的家里发生了一系列的不幸的事情，再加上作者在学校受到欺负，这都是作者所经历的困难。后来作者参加志愿者工作改变了自己的生活，现在，作者学着去热爱自己所经历的，甚至接受自己所经历的这些苦难。difficultbits“困难的部分”，在此指的就是生活中的苦难。故选B项。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不管怎样