新教材高中英语学案Unit4第二课时Usinglanguage

第二课时UsinglanguageⅠ.词汇初探1．balletn．芭蕾舞剧2．edyn．喜剧3．plotn.情节4．applaudvi.&vt.鼓掌欢迎；赞赏→applausen.鼓掌5．gratefuladj.感激的；表示谢意的→thankful(同义词)6．extremeadj.极度的→extremelyadv.极其；非常7．overevt.&vi.战胜；克服→overcame(过去式)→8．absorbvt.吸收；吸引；使专心→absorbingadj.吸引人的→absorbedadj.被吸引的，全神贯注的9．absoluteadj.绝对的；完全的→absolutelyadv.绝对地；完全地10．appealvi.有感染力；呼吁；求助vt.将……上诉n.呼吁；恳求→appealingadj.有吸引力的；恳求的11．definitelyadv.确切地；肯定地→definiteadj.明确的；清楚的→definitionn．释义；定义12．rudeadj.粗鲁的；无礼的→rudelyadv.粗鲁地→rudenessn.无礼；粗鲁13．transportn.运送；运输vt.运输；运送→transportationn.运输14．arrangevt.筹备；安排；整理→arrangementn.整理；安排Ⅱ.短语互译1．be_absorbed_in全神贯注于2．stay_up熬夜3．give_up放弃4．put_on上演5．awasteof浪费6．takeplace发生7．thenumberof……的数量Ⅲ.经典句式1．Theteacherwasverystrict,makingmesonervousthatIwouldforgetmylines.老师很严格，让我很紧张，以至于忘记台词。2．It'sanunforgettableexperience.Nopain,nogain,asthesayinggoes.这是一次难忘的经历。俗话说，一分耕耘，一分收获。3．Ican'twaittogoagain!我迫不及待地要再去了！4．Manyfamousbandshaveperformedatthefestivalovertheyears，andthenumberofpeopleattendinghasgrowntoabout200,000.多年来，许多著名乐队都在音乐节上演出，参加的人数已增至20万人左右。Ⅳ.语法初探用所给词的适当形式填空1．Thehospitalhasrecentlyobtainednewmedicalequipment,allowing(allow)morepatientstobetreated.2．ManyChinesebrands,having_developed(develop)theirreputationsovercenturies,arefacingnewchallengesfromthemodernmarket.3．Thecoolingwindsweptthroughourbedroomwindows,making(make)airconditioningunnecessary.4．Theparkwasfullofpeople,enjoying(enjoy)themselvesinthesunshine.5．Finding(find)thecourseverydifficult,shedecidedtomovetoalowerlevel.6．Thelecturehaving_been_given(give),alivelyquestion­and­answersessionfollowed.1eq\a\vs4\al(performvt.&vi.表演；履行；执行)[教材原句]TodayIperformedintheschoolplay.Ididagoodjob!(P41)今天我在学校的话剧里表演。我演得很好！[归纳拓展](1)performone'sduty/promise尽责任/履行诺言performanexperiment进行试验performwell/badly表现得好/坏(2)performancen.表演；演奏；表现；执行give/putonaperformance表演；演出aliveperformance现场演出(3)performern.表演者；演奏者[即时巩固]完成句子/单句语法填空①You'dbetterperform_your_promisethatyouwillfinishyourtaskontime.你最好履行你按时完成任务的承诺。②Theaudiencewasimpressedbyhisamazingperformance(perform)．③Onceperformed(perform),theworksofBeethovenmustattractallthepeoplepresentattheconcert.2eq\a\vs4\al(applaudvt.为……鼓掌；称赞；赞成)[教材原句]Seeingallmyfamilyandfriendsintheaudienceapplaudme，Ifeltsoconfidentandgrateful.(P41)看到观众席上我所有的家人和朋友都为我鼓掌，我感到非常自信和感激。[归纳拓展](1)applaudsth./sb.为某事/某人鼓掌applaudsb.forsth.因某事而赞扬某人applaudthedecision赞成某个决定(2)applausen.鼓掌；喝彩loud/thunderousapplause响亮的/雷鸣般的掌声[即时巩固]完成句子/单句语法填空①Acrowdof300supporterswarmlyapplauded_her_speech.300名支持者为她的演讲热烈鼓掌。②Sheshouldbeapplaudedforherhonesty.③Shegotaroundofapplause(applaud)whenshefinished.3eq\a\vs4\al(gratefuladj.感激的；表示谢意的)[教材原句]Seeingallmyfamilyandfriendsintheaudienceapplaudme，Ifeltsoconfidentandgrateful.(P41)看到观众席上我所有的家人和朋友都为我鼓掌，我感到非常自信和感激。[归纳拓展](1)begratefultosb.forsth.因某事感激某人begratefultodo...因做……而感激begratefulthat...感激……I/Wewouldbegratefulifyoucoulddo...如果你能做……，我(们)将感激不尽。(2)gratituden.感谢；感激之情[即时巩固]完成句子①Iamextremelygrateful_toalltheteachersfortheirhelp.我非常感激所有老师的帮助。②Iamgratefulto_hear_(that)youhaveputinagoodwordformyson.听说你替我儿子美言，我很感激。③Iwould_be_grateful_if_you_couldgivemeakindconsideration.如果你能考虑我的话，我将不胜感激。4eq\a\vs4\al(overevt.&vi.战胜，克服)[教材原句]Butthankstothesupportofmyteacher，parentsandfriends,Iovercamemyfears，knowingthatIdidthebestIcould.(P41)但多亏了老师、家长和朋友的支持，我克服了恐惧，知道自己已经尽力了。[归纳拓展]beovereby/with为……压倒/制服overetheenemies战胜敌人overefear/difficulty克服恐惧/困难[即时巩固]完成句子①Followhistips，andyouwillovere_your_exam_anxiety.采纳他的建议，你会克服你的考试焦虑症。②Finally，hewas_overe_with/bymuchworktodealwith.最终，他被很多工作压得喘不过气来。5eq\a\vs4\al(absorbedadj.专心致志的)[教材原句]Assoonasthecurtainrose,Iwasabsorbed.(P41)幕布一升起，我就全神贯注。[归纳拓展](1)absorbone'sattention吸引某人注意absorb...from...从……中吸收……(2)absorbedadj.聚精会神的；专心致志的；极感兴趣的beabsorbedby/into被……吞并；被……所吸收beabsorbedin全神贯注于[即时巩固]单句语法填空①JustnowIsawhimsittingunderthetree,absorbed(absorb)inhisvideogames.②Plantsabsorbcarbondioxidefromtheairandmoisturefromthesoil.6eq\a\vs4\al(appealingadj.有吸引力的；有趣的)[教材原句]Leopardsaresuchappealingcreatures.(P42)豹子是如此吸引人的动物。[归纳拓展](1)appealto(对某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感兴趣appealtosb.forsth./todosth.对……有吸引力；向某人呼吁/恳求……appealfor恳求；呼吁(2)make/launchanappealtosb.向某人发出呼吁[即时巩固]单句语法填空①Theideaoflivingabroaddonotappealtoeverybody.②Wemadeanappealtothevillagersformoneytobuildthebridge.③Weshouldappealtopeopleto_save(save)thingsthatthenatureofferstousaswell.④HarryPorterstoriesaresoappealing(appeal)thattheyencouragechildrentoreadmore.7eq\a\vs4\al(arrangementn.安排；筹划)[教材原句]NowtalkabouthowJoshmakesarrangements.(P43)现在谈谈乔希是怎么安排的。[归纳拓展](1)etoanarrangement谈妥；达成协议makearrangementsfor为……做好准备；为……做好安排makeanarrangementwith与……商定或约好；和……达成协议；做好准备；做出安排(2)arrangev.安排；排列；分类；整理；协调；改编arrangebooks把书整理好arrangetodosth.安排去做某事arrangeamarriage筹备一场婚礼arrangeforsb./sth.todosth.安排某人/某物做某事[即时巩固]完成句子/单句语法填空①Davearranged_for_someone_to_drivehimhome.戴夫安排人开车送他回家。②Hemadearrangements(arrange)forhisfather'sbirthdayparty.1eq\a\vs4\al(giveup停止；放弃)[教材原句]Feelingextremelydiscouraged，Ialmostgaveup.(P41)我感到非常气馁，几乎放弃了。[归纳拓展]giveaway赠送；泄露；出卖；放弃(机会等)giveback归还givein屈服；让步；投降；呈交giveout送出；分发；用完；耗尽；精疲力竭giveoff发出(光、热、气、味等)[即时巩固]用give短语的适当形式填空①Hiswifefinallypersuadedhimtogive_upsmoking.②Afteramonththeirfoodsuppliesgave_out.③Thisisaveryspecialfloweranditcangive_offastrongsweetperfumeatnight.④Theargumentwentonforhoursbecauseneithersidewouldgave_in.⑤Thecouplegave_awaymostoftheirfortunetothepoorintheirsmalltown.2eq\a\vs4\al(puton穿上；表演)[教材原句]Eachofthecontestantsputonawonderfulperformance.(P42)每个参赛者的表演都很精彩。[归纳拓展]putaway储存(钱)；将……收起putaside储蓄；存……备用；节省(时间、钱)putforward提出(意见、建议)putdown记下；镇压putoff推迟；延期putout熄灭；扑灭putup举起；张贴；搭建；提供(食宿)putupwith忍受；容忍[即时巩固]完成句子①Thosewhoknowtheanswertothequestion,pleaseput_upyourhands.那些知道这个问题答案的人请举手。②Thesportsmeetinghasbeenput_offbecauseofthebadweather.由于糟糕的天气，运动会已被推迟。③Marycanput_downalmosteverywordherteachersays.玛丽几乎能记下老师说的每一个字。3eq\a\vs4\al(takeplace发生；举办；举行)[教材原句]Datingbacktothe1970s，GlastonburyFestivalisamusicandartsfestivalthattakesplaceonalargefarminSomersetinSouth­westEngland.(P43)格拉斯顿伯里音乐节可以追溯到20世纪70年代，是在英格兰萨默塞特郡的西南部一个大型农场举行的音乐和艺术节。[归纳拓展]takeone'splace＝taketheplaceofsb.代替某人inplaceof代替；取代inplace在适当的位置；适当[即时巩固]完成句子①Afterthefireintheshop,Tomtook_the_place_ofthemanager.在商店大火后，汤姆接替了经理的职务。②Asweallknow,the32ndSummerOlympicswilltake_placeinTokyoin2020.众所周知，第32届夏季奥运会将于2020年在东京举行。③Wecanuseplasticsin_place_ofwoodormetal.我们可用塑料代替木材或金属。eq\o(\s\up7(1),\s\do5())It'sanunforgettableexperience.Nopain,nogain,asthesayinggoes.(P41)这是一次难忘的经历。俗话说，一分耕耘，一分收获。[句式分析]asthesayinggoes为as引导的非限制性定语从句，代指整个主句的内容。[归纳拓展]as引导定语从句：(1)引导限制性定语从句，用在固定搭配such...as,thesame...as等中。(2)引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句的内容，在从句中作主语或宾语，as引导非限制性定语从句的常见搭配：asweallknow众所周知asoftenhappens正如经常发生的那样asweexpect正如我们预料的那样asyoucansee如你所见ashasbeensaidabove如上所述asisoftenthecase这是常有的asthesayinggoes常言道[名师点津]as,which引导非限制性定语从句的区别：(1)as引导的从句可置于主句前，而which则不能；(2)as引导的从句，有“正如……”之意，而which则没有；(3)as在从句中作主语时，谓语中一般有系动词be，否则用which；(4)从句强调的是主句造成的结果时，用which。[即时巩固]完成句子/单句语法填空①As_is_known_to_all,_thePeople'sRepublicofChinaisthebiggestdevelopingcountryintheworld.众所周知，中华人民共和国是世界上最大的发展中国家。②As_the_saying_goes,_“Agoodbeginningishalfthebattle.”常言道，良好的开端是成功的一半。③Hermannerandattitudestowardshimwerequitethesameastheyhadalwaysbeen.④Asismentionedabove,wehaveagoodmanyproblemstosolveatpresent.⑤Hewonagoldmedal,whichmadehisfamilyproud.eq\o(\s\up7(2),\s\do5())eq\a\vs4\al(Ican'twaittogoagain！P41,我迫不及待地要再去了！)[句式分析]can'twait/canhardlyeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(waittodosth.,waitforsth.))迫不及待地要做某事[即时巩固]完成句子①Whenthetermisingtoanend，manystudentscan't_wait_to_havetheirvacation.当学期就要结束时，很多学生迫不及待地要休假。②Theboyhurriedhomeandcouldn'twaitto_openthepresentthathismotherhadboughtforhim.男孩匆忙赶到家，迫不及待地打开妈妈给他买的礼物。eq\o(\s\up7(3),\s\do5())eq\a\vs4\al(Manyfamousbandshaveperformedatthefestivalovertheyears，andthenumberofpeopleattendinghasgrowntoabout200，000.P43,多年来，许多著名乐队都在音乐节上演出，参加的人数已增至20万人左右。)[句式分析]thenumberof意为“……的数量”，后加可数名词复数，当该短语作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。[归纳拓展](1)a(large/small/certain)numberof/numbersof＋名词复数大量的/少量的/一定量的……(作主语时谓语动词用复数形式)(2)thenumberof＋名词……的数量(作主语时谓语动词用单数形式)[即时巩固]完成句子/单句语法填空①A_number_ofteachersarepresenttoday,andthe_number_ofthemis300.许多教师今天都出席了，有300人。②Anumberofstudentsare_planting(plant)treesonthehillnow.③Thenumberofstudentsinourclassis(be)50.现在分词作状语一、现在分词作状语的用法及分类1．现在分词在句中作状语，修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示时间、原因、结果、让步、方式或伴随等。现在分词的逻辑主语必须是句子的主语，必须和句中的主语含有逻辑上的主谓关系，否则不能用现在分词作状语。Hearingthenoise,Iturnedround.＝WhenIheardthenoise,Iturnedround.听到响声我转过身去。2．作原因状语现在分词作原因状语时，相当于一个原因状语从句，也可以放在句首。Beingpoor,hecouldn'taffordaTVset.＝Becausehewaspoor,hecouldn'taffordaTVset.由于贫穷，他买不起一台电视机。3．作条件状语现在分词作条件状语时，相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句。Workinghard,you'llcertainlysucceed.＝Ifyouworkhard,you'llcertainlysucceed.只要努力学习你肯定会成功的。4．作结果状语现在分词作结果状语时，通常放在句末，中间用逗号隔开，表示一种顺其自然、意料之中的结果。Thefirelastedawholenight,causinggreatdamage.大火持续了一整夜，造成了巨大损失。[名师点津]现在分词作结果状语，是随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果，其逻辑主语往往是前面整个句子所描述的情况，前面有时候可以加thus。而不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果，常用onlytodo结构，其被动形式为onlytobedone。Hewascaughtintherain,thusmakinghimselfcatchacold.被雨淋后他感冒了。Ihurriedtoschool,onlytofinditwasSunday.我匆忙赶到学校，结果发现是星期天。5．作让步、方式和伴随状语现在分词作让步、方式和伴随状语时，说明动作发生的背景和情况。作伴随状语时，表示分词的动作和主句的动作同时发生，此时它可转换成并列句。Marysatbythewindowoftheclassroom,readingabook.＝Marysatbythewindowoftheclassroomandwasreadingabook.玛丽坐在教室的窗边读书。二、现在分词作状语注意事项1．现在分词的时态现在分词作状语时，要注意分词的时间性，是用现在分词的一般式(doing)，还是用完成式(havingdone)。(1)当现在分词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生时，用分词的一般式。Walkinginthestreet,Imetanoldfriendofmine.我正在大街上走着时，遇到了一位老朋友。(walking和谓语动词met同时发生)(2)当现在分词的动作先发生，而谓语动词的动作后发生时，用分词的完成式。Havingfinishedtheletter,hewenttopostit.他写完信后就把它寄了出去。(havingfinished是先发生的，went是后发生的)2．现在分词的语态使用现在分词的主动式还是被动式，这主要取决于现在分词和句子主语之间的关系。句子的主语就是分词的逻辑主语。Havingbeenshownaroundthefactory,theywereveryhappy.(现在分词的被动式)被带领着参观了工厂后，他们很高兴。Havingfinishedhishomework,hewenttobed.(现在分词的主动式)完成了作业后，他上床睡觉了。3．现在分词的否定式not＋v.­ing;nothaving＋v.­edNotknowingthis,hedidn'te.他不知道这件事，所以没来。Nothavingmadefullpreparations,weputoffthesportsmeeting.因为没有做好充分的准备，我们把运动会延期了。4．独立主格现在分词作状语时，有时也可以有自己独立的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构，通常用来表示伴随的动作或情况，也可以表示时间、原因或条件。Thetreesareextremelytall,somemeasuringover90metres.那些树非常高，其中一些高达90多米。Theweatherbeingfine,wewentoutforawalk.由于天气好，我们去散步了5．现在分词作评注性状语有些现在分词在句中没有逻辑主语，它们往往作为句子的评注性状语来修饰整个句子，表明说话者的态度、观点等，例如：generallyspeaking“一般来说”，judgingby/from“从……判断”，takingeverythingintoconsideration“从全盘考虑”。Judgingfromhisbehaviour,hemustbemad.从他的行为来判断，他一定是疯了。Generallyspeaking,girlsaremoreinterestedinliteraturethanboys.一般来说，女孩比男孩对文学更感兴趣。[即时巩固]用所给词的适当形式填空①Notpleting(plete)theprogramme,theyhavetostaythereforanothertwoweeks.②Gathering(gather)allhiscourage,heinvitedtheladytogetoffthetrainwithhim.③Aheartylaughrelievesphysicaltension,leaving(leave)yourmusclesrelaxedforoverhalfanhour.④Whilewaiting(wait)forthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.⑤Using(use)yourhead,youwillfindaway.⑥Having_eaten(eat)atthecafeteriabefore,Tinadidn'twanttoeatthereagain.Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Theaudienceapplauded(为……鼓掌)herforthewonderfulspeech.2．Weweresograteful(感激的)tohimforthehelphehadofferedtous.3．Thelearnerofasecondlanguagehasmanydifficultiestoovere(克服)．4．Theideaofnothavingtogetupearlyeverymorningisratherappealing(有吸引力的)