2021新高考英语人教版一轮复习学案第一编必修2Unit2TheOlympicGames

Unit2TheOlympicGames晨背分钟填词并背记AFairpetitionSwifter,HigherandStrongerstandsforthespiritoftheOlympics.Butfairnessisthebasisofthismotto.Onlywhenyouwinfairlywillyouandyourhomelanddeservethegreatglory.Butnowadays,unliketheancienthonestslavepetitors,somehopelessathleteswhocan'tbearthepainoftrainingcheatwhentakingpartingames.Medalsseemtohavemagicalpowercausingthemtocheat,andtheprizemoneyhasreplacedthemottoastheironlygoal.So,inthegymnasticseventtobeheldinourcitynextmonth,oneofthehost'sresponsibilitiesistokeeppetitionsfair.Theyadvertisedonpostersoutsidethestadiumtopromisethateverypetitoristohavearegularphysicalexaminationinagymnasiumoneafteranother.Noonecanbargainonthis.Thevolunteersinchargewillbeverystrict.Itisfoolishtocheatbecausetheywillnotbeadmittedtopeteandwillevenbefinedaswell.一场公平的比赛“更快！更高！更强！”代表着奥运精神。但是公平却是这一格言的基础。只有当你公平地赢得比赛，你和你的祖国才会承受这样的光荣。但如今，不像古代那些诚实的奴隶参赛者，有些没有希望的运动员无法承受训练的痛苦，于是在参加比赛时作假。奖牌似乎有某种魔力使他们作假，奖金也已经代替了奥运格言成为了他们唯一的目标。因此，在我们市下个月即将举行的一场体操赛事中，主办方的其中一项责任就是要确保比赛的公平。他们在体育场外的海报上做广告，承诺说每个参赛者都将在体育馆一个一个地参加常规的身体检查。对此没有人可以讨价还价。负责此事的志愿者将非常严格。作假是很愚蠢的，因为他们将不被允许去竞赛，甚至还将被罚款。1．pete(vi.)比赛；竞争→petition(n.)竞争；比赛→petitive(adj.)竞争的；有竞争力的→petitor(n.)竞争者2．volunteer(n.)志愿者；志愿兵(adj.)志愿的(vt.&vi.)自愿→voluntary(adj.)自愿的；志愿的3．regular(adj.)规则的；定期的；常规的→regulation(n.)规则；规章制度4．slave(n.)奴隶→slavery(n.)奴隶制5．host(vt.)做东；主办；招待(n.)主人→hostess(n.)女主人6．responsibility(n.)责任；职责→responsible(adj.)有责任心的7．advertise(vt.&vi.)做广告；登广告→advertisement(n.)广告→advertiser(n.)广告商8．hopeless(adj.)没有希望的；绝望的→hope(v.&n．)希望→hopeful(adj.)充满希望的9．pain(n.)疼痛；痛苦→painful(adj.)疼痛的；痛苦的→painless(adj.)无痛的；轻松的10．pickup拾起；捡起；用车接某人11．playarolein在……中起作用；在……中扮演角色12．taketheplaceof代替……13．makeabargainwith与……达成协议14．asamatteroffact事实上15．reachthestandard达到标准16．apartfrom除了重点知识分钟admitvt.&vi.容许；承认；接纳(P10)单句写作①本杰明被迫承认了他一直在做的事情。Benjaminwasforcedto.②当警察审讯他时，乔治承认他偷了那辆车。Whenthepolicequestionedhim,Georgethecar.③我无法向父母实话实说，我觉得这门课程很难。Icouldn'tIwasfindingthecoursedifficult.④人们公认，读书在很大程度上是一个私人活动，它需要安静和专心。readingismostlyapersonalactivitywhichneedsquietnessandconcentration.⑤她未被自己选择的大学录取。Shefailedtogaintheuniversityofherchoice.答案：①admitwhathehadbeendoing②admittedhavingstolen③admittomyparentsthat④Itisadmittedthat⑤admissionto(1)admit＋n./doing/that从句承认某事/做了某事admittosb.that向某人承认beadmittedas作为……被接受beadmittedto/into获准进入/加入Itisadmittedthat...人们公认……(2)admissionn.进入；许可；入场费；承认，坦白replacevt.取代；替换；代替(P10)(1)单句语法填空①Itisstillunderdiscussionwhethertheoldbusstationshouldbereplacedamodernhotelornot.②Itisgenerallybelievedthatteacherswillnever(replace)byputersinclass.答案：①with/by②bereplaced(2)句型转换JohnisillandIwanttoknowwhoisgoingtoreplacehim.→JohnisillandIwanttoknowwhoisgoingto.答案：takehisplace/taketheplaceofhim(1)replacesb./sth.＝taketheplaceofsb./sth.取代某人/某物replacesth.with/bysth.用……替换……(2)inplaceofsb.＝inone'splace代替某人takeone'splace＝taketheplaceofsb.代替某人chargen.费用；主管vt.&vi.收费；控诉(P12)(1)单句语法填空①Aslongasyou'vepaidinadvance,wewon'tchargeyoudelivery.②Bobwaschargedthemurder,butherefusedtoadmitit.③Hetookchargethepanywhilethebosswasabsent.④Wecandelivergoodstoyourdoorfreecharge.答案：①for②with③of④of(2)一句多译汤姆在老板不在时负责这家公司。①ThepanyTomwhilethebossisaway.②Tomthepanywhilethebossisaway.③Tomthepanywhilethebossisaway.答案：①isinthechargeof②isinchargeof③takeschargeof(1)chargesb.forsth.为某物向某人收费chargesb.with(doing)sth.指控某人(做)某事(2)inchargeof主管；看管；负责inthechargeof...在……掌管之下takechargeof负责；掌管freeofcharge免费[名师点津]charge和accuse都有“指控，控告”之意，但是charge常与介词with搭配，而accuse常与介词of搭配。bargainvi.讨价还价；讲条件n.便宜货(P14)(1)单句语法填空①Hebargainedtheassistant,tryingtobuythebicycleatalowprice.②IboughtsomeusedfurnitureattheSundayMarketanditwasrealbargain.答案：①with②a(2)单句写作我第一次见到她时，她正在为一条裙子和老板讨价还价。ShewiththestorekeeperaskirtwhenIfirstmether.答案：wasbargaining;about/over/for(1)bargainwithsb.about/over/forsth.和某人就某事讨价还价(2)makeabargainwithsb.和某人达成协议(3)agood/badbargain买得合算/不合算It'sarealbargain.这可真是个便宜货。[名师点津]bargain用作名词时为可数名词，常和不定冠词连用。deservevi.&vt.值得；应受(报答或惩罚)(P15)单句写作①无论一个工作多么普通，它在社会中都起着一份作用，所以值得我们的尊重。Nomatterhowordinaryajobis,itplaysapartinsocietyandtherefore.②他活该输掉比赛，因为他作弊了。Heinthepetitionbecausehecheated.③正是那些甘愿奉献而不索取的人才值得尊敬。Itisthosewhoarewillingtogiveratherthanreceivethat.④这个男人每年都要捐钱给一个值得赞助的事业。Themandonatesmoneytoacauseeveryyear.答案：①deservesourrespect②deservestolose③deserverespecting/toberespected④deserving(1)deservesth.值得；应受(2)deservetodosth.应该做某事(3)deservedoing/tobedone应受；值得(4)deservingadj.值得的；应得的[名师点津]deserve后接名词或doingsth.，常用主动形式表示被动意义，等于接动词不定式的被动式tobedone，该用法与want,need,require的用法相同。takepartin参加；参与(P9)(1)单句语法填空①Itgoeswithoutsayingthattakingactivepartinsocialactivitiescanbroadenourhorizons.②Anystudentwhoisinterestedinthisactivityisweletotakepartit.答案：①an②in(2)单句写作①参加生态旅游，你就会发现这项活动有助于你理解大自然的重要性。eco­travelandyouwillfinditwillhelpyouunderstandtheimportanceofnature.②中国在国际事务中正起着越来越重要的作用。Chinaistheinternationalaffairs.答案：①Takepartin②playingamoreandmoreimportantpartintakepartin＝joinin参加takeanactivepartin积极参加……playapart/rolein在……中起作用；在……中扮演角色[名师点津](1)takepartin是固定短语，part前一般不用冠词，但是当part前有形容词修饰时，形容词前要用不定冠词。(2)在使用takepartin时，若其后无宾语，则不加介词in。usedto过去常常；过去曾经(P9)单句语法填空①Iusedto(smoke),butIgaveitupacoupleofyearsago.②Hegetsusedto(get)upearly.③Knivesareused(cut)things.答案：①smoke②getting③tocut(1)否定形式：usednotto＋动词原形＝usedn'tto＋动词原形或didn'tuseto＋动词原形(2)疑问形式：used＋主语＋to＋动词原形＝did＋主语＋use＋to＋动词原形(3)Thereusedtobe...过去曾经有……；过去曾存在……(4)beusedtodosth.被用来做某事be/getusedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事aswell也；又；还(P10)单句语法填空①I'lldosomereadingforfunandforknowledgewell.②Thedeadlinefortheprojectisaroundthecorner,soweaswellgetsomehelp.③Theteacheraswellashisstudents(be)goingtotakepartinthisactivity.答案：①as②may/might③is(1)aswell常用作状语，作“又；也”解，相当于too或also，常位于句末，无须用逗号与句子隔开。(2)may/mightaswell表示委婉的建议，一般是针对当时的情况提出另外的提议，意思是“不妨；还是……的好”。(3)当主语含有aswellas时，谓语动词须和aswellas前面的主语在数上保持一致。Noothercountriescouldjoinin,norcouldslavesorwomen！(P10)单句写作①简今晚不会和我们一起吃晚饭，汤姆也不会。Janewon'tjoinusfordinnertonightand.②弗兰克喜欢养宠物，他妻子也一样。Franklikestokeeppetsand.③玛丽在澳大利亚出生，在美国居住。简也是。MarywasborninAustraliaandshelivedintheUnitedStates..④——露西英语讲得很流利。——确实是。—LucyspeaksfluentEnglish.—.⑤他让我来，于是我就来了。Heaskedmetoeand.答案：①nor/neitherwillTom②sodoeshiswife③SoitwaswithJane/ItwasthesamewithJane④Soshedoes⑤Ididso(1)句型“nor/neither＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋另一个主语”用于否定陈述句之后，表示“……也不”。(2)句型“so＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋另一个主语”用于肯定陈述句之后，表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人或物。(3)句型“soitis/waswith＋另一主语”或“itis/wasthesamewith＋另一主语”既能表示肯定意义，又能表示否定意义，其主要用于以下情况：①上文有两个分句；②上文有两个(或两个以上)不同谓语；③上文既有肯定也有否定。(4)句型“so＋主语＋系动词/助动词/情态动词”中的主语与前一句的主语通常是指同一个人或物，主语、谓语不需要倒装。这种句型表示说话者赞同前句所提到的情况或事实，其中的so作“确实如此”讲。(5)“主语＋do＋so”在上下文中用来避免重复，可译为“某人/物那样做了”。There'sasmuchpetitionamongcountriestohosttheOlympicsastowinOlympicmedals.(P10)单句写作①显然，这个男孩不像他的许多同学那么刻苦。Obviously,theboydoesn'tworkmanyofhisclassmates.②摆脱坏习惯就像养成好习惯一样需要艰苦努力。Gettingridofabadhabitisastruggleformingagoodone.③在中国，汽油的价格是几年前的两倍。PetrolisitwasafewyearsagoinChina.答案：①as/sohardas②asmuch;as③twiceasexpensiveas(1)as...as“像……那样”。第一个as为副词，修饰形容词或副词原级。第二个as可以是连词，引导比较状语从句；也可以是介词，后加名词或代词。当as...as中间有名词时，应采用以下格式：as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.(单数)＋as或as＋many/much＋n.(复数/不可数)＋as(2)否定句式：notas/so...as...意为“不如……”。(3)．..timesas＋adj./adv.＋as...“是……的几倍”。表达倍数的词必须置于比较结构之前。ThisisimportantbecausethemoreyouspeakEnglish,thebetteryourEnglishwillbee.(P16)单句写作①你站得越高就看得越远。youstand,youwillsee.②你越小心，你犯的错就会越少。youare,mistakesyouwillmake.③如今，越来越多的汽车在街上穿梭，在这种情况下，将会有越来越多的废气被排入空气中。Today,arerunninginthestreetstoday,inwhichcase,willbereleasedintotheair.答案：①Thehigher;thefarther②Themorecareful;thefewer③moreandmorecars;moreandmorewastegas(1)“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”意为“越……越……”。(2)“比较级＋and＋比较级”意为“越来越……”，表示本身程度的变化。[名师点津]“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”结构有时可以转化为if条件从句，如：左栏例①可改为：Youwillseefartherifyoustandhigher.课文语法填空分钟Therearecertainsimilaritiesandmanysignificantdifferencesbetweenthemodern1ancientOlympics.Thesimilaritiesare:both2(hold)everyfouryears;theyhave3(run)races;alsothereisnoprizemoneyforwinners.Asfordifferences,therewasonlyonesetofGames.The4(pete)onlycamefromGreece.Noothercountriescouldjoinin,norcouldslavesorwomen.5modernOlympics,there6(be)twomainsetsofGames—theWinterandtheSummerOlympics.Only7(that)whohavereachedthe8(agree)standardfortheireventwillbeadmittedtojoinin.Theymayefromanywhereintheworld.Thereareover250sportsandeachonehasitsownstandard.Womenarenotonlyallowed,butalsoplay9veryimportantroleinalmostalltheevents.HostingtheOlympicGamesisagreathonor.There'sasmuchpetitionamongcountriestohosttheOlympicsastowinOlympicmedals.TheOlympicmottois“10(swift),HigherandStronger.”1．2.3.4.5.6．7.8.9.10.答案：1.and2.areheld3.running4petitors5.In6.are7.those8.agreed9.a10.Swifter▲norcouldslavesorwomen为nor位于句首时，引起的部分倒装结构。▲HostingtheOlympicGamesisagreathonor.中Hosting为动名词作主语。▲There'sasmuch...astowinOlympicmedals.句中asmuch＋不可数名词＋as...意为“和……(在程度上)是一样的”，用来进行比较。随堂检测分钟Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Theyoungman,whobythen(admit)toauniversity,decidedtodosomepart­timejobstopayforhiseducation.答案：hadbeenadmitted2．Eatingproperlyandexercising(regular)canmakeoneenjoyahealthierandlongerlife.答案：regularly3．Youwouldn't(fine)yesterdayifyouhadnotbrokenthetrafficrule.答案：havebeenfined4．Sheexpressedherstrongdesirethatshe(volunteer)toteachintheschoolwhenshewasincollege.答案：(should)volunteer5．Ournewapartmentbuilding(advertise)intomorrow'smorningpaper,andIdohopethatitwillappealtoyou.答案：willbeadvertised6．Thepriceofthiscurtainisnothalfashighthatofthefurniture.答案：as7．Thefarmershavebeenseekinghigherpricesasbetterprotectionfromforeign(pete)．答案：petition8．It'ssurprisingthatyourbrotherpickedRussiansoquickly—hehasn'tlivedthereverylong.答案：up9．It'sstrangethatheshouldhaveefromwecallMars.答案：what10．Weknowplayingputergamesforalongtimecanharmone's(physics)health.答案：physicalⅡ.教材微写作A．根据提示完成句子1．奥运五环旗上的五环代表地球上的五大洲。(theOlympicflag;standfor)答案：ThefiveringsontheOlympicflagstandforthefivecontinentsontheearth.2．任何国家都可以参加奥运会。(takepartin)答案：AnycountrycantakepartintheOlympicGames.3．只有达到他们各自参加项目的统一的标准的运动员才会被接受为奥运会竞赛选手。(athlete;admit;petitor)答案：Onlyathleteswhohavereachedtheagreedstandardfortheireventwillbeadmittedaspetitors.4．除了运动员，也有一些志愿者。(apartfrom;aswell)答案：Apartfromathletes,therearesomevolunteersaswell.5．他们为奥运会提供服务，比如负责所有运动员的食宿问题。(takechargeof)答案：TheyofferhelpfortheOlympicG