2023-2024学年北师大版（2019）必修第三册 Unit 9 Learning 单元语法 学案

PartⅢ单元语法——后跟动名词或不定式的动词1.只跟动名词作宾语的动词和动词短语[用法归纳](1)请牢记下面的口诀：考虑建议盼原谅(consider,suggest/advise,lookforwardto,excuse)承认推迟及想像(admit,delay/putoff,fancy)避免错过继续练(avoid,miss,keep/keepon，practise)否认完成欣赏(deny，finish,enjoy/appreciate)禁止想象和冒险(forbid,imagine，risk)不禁介意准逃亡(can'thelp,mind,allow/permit,escape)难以忍受始反对(can'tstand,getdownto,objectto)想要成功坚持忙(feellike,succeedin,stickto/insiston,bebusyin)习惯放弃有困难(beusedto,giveup,havedifficultyin)导致专心防道歉(leadto,devote...to,prevent...from,apologisefor)(2)动名词主动形式表被动意义need/want/requiredoing＝need/want/requiretobedone需要被……deservepunishing＝deservetobepunished应受惩罚beworthdoing＝beworthyofbeingdone＝beworthytobedone值得做……(3)固定句型：Thereisnopointindoingsth.做某事是没有意义的。Thereisnopossibilityofdoingsth.做某事是不可能的。(4)动词＋it＋宾补＋doingsth.六个常用动词：make,feel,find,consider,believe,think常用宾补：useless/nouse/nogoodawasteoftime/nopleasureIthinkituseless/nousedoingsth.我认为做某事没有用。[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子①Jeansuggested________(ask)herfatherforhisopinion.②Sheadmitted________(do)wrong.③Nobodyshoulddelay________(hand)intheessay.④Trytoavoid________(make)mistakeswhilegivingthedescriptionaboutthecase.⑤Sheinsistedon________(check)everythingherself.⑥Iappreciate________(get)suchagoodchancetoimprovemyacademiclevel.⑦Wearegoingtopractise________(park).⑧Ican'thelp________(be)angryabouthisrudebehaviour.⑨Ifyouthinkyouaresickyoushouldnotputoff________(go)tothedoctor.⑩Theyobjectedto________(leave)insuchahurry.⑪Wedonotpermit________(smoke)intheroom.⑫Doyoufeellike________(have)awordwithhimandtrytoclearupmisunderstanding?⑬Wehavemuchdifficultyin________(contact)ourpreviousfriends.⑭I'mgoingtogetdownto________(study)Englishthisterm.⑮Welookforwardto________(bring)innewtechnology.⑯Aboutone­thirdofthebooks________________________(值得一读).⑰________________________(没有意义)discussinghowlongthedisasterwilllast.⑱________________________(我感觉……是浪费时间)arguingwithhimaboutthematter.⑲AnyonewhobreakstherulebydesignintheOlympicGames________________________(应受惩罚).2．只跟不定式作宾语的动词[用法归纳](1)接不定式作宾语的动词：decide/determinelearnwant决心学会想expect/hoperefusemanagewish希望拒绝设法愿pretendofferpromisechooseplan假装主动许诺选计划agreeask/beghelp同意请求帮助(2)不定式作介词but，except的宾语·前有do，后省to：Ihavenothingtodobutdependonmyself.我没有办法，只好依靠自己。·前面没有do，后面就带to：Hehasnochoicebuttogivein.除了让步，他别无选择。(3)动词＋it＋形容词/名词＋todosth.六个常用动词：make,feel,find,consider,believe,thinkIfinditdifficulttospeakEnglishfluently.我发现要能流利地说英语是很难的。[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子①Whenhisfathersteppedintohisroom,hepretended________(study).②Allthepeopleintheworldexpect________(live)inapeacefulcountry.③Hestillrefused________(give)astatementtothepolicealthoughhehadbeenputintoprison.④Ihaveoffered________(paint)thehouseinexchangeforaweek'saccommodation.⑤Heusedtohavenothingtodobut________________________(整天看电视).⑥Weall________________________(认为这很遗憾)forHollandtolosethematch.⑦He________________________(把读……当成常规)Englishaloudeverymorning.⑧We________________________(感觉这是我们的责任)makeourcountryabetterplace.3．既可跟动名词又可跟不定式作宾语的动词和动词短语[用法归纳](1)下列动词(短语)既可以接动名词作宾语，也可以接不定式作宾语，但意义上有很大区别。forgeteq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(doingsth.忘记做过某事,todosth.忘记去做某事))remembereq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(doingsth.记得做过某事,todosth.记得去做某事))regreteq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(doingsth.后悔做过某事,todosth.遗憾地去做某事))stopeq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(doingsth.停止做某事,todosth.停下来去做某事))tryeq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(doingsth.尝试做某事,todosth.努力做某事))meaneq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(doingsth.意味着做某事,todosth.意欲/打算做某事))can'thelpeq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(doingsth.禁不住做某事,todosth.不能帮助做某事))gooneq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(doingsth.继续做某事（同一件事）,todosth.继续做某事（另一件事）))(2)动词like,dislike,hate,love,prefer后接动名词和不定式作宾语均可。如果表示经常性的习惯行为，常用动名词；如果表示具体的一次性的行为，常用不定式。(3)动词begin,start后接动名词和不定式作宾语时意义差别不大，但在以下三种情况下，只接不定式：①begin,start的主语是物时。②begin,start本身用于进行时态时。③begin,start后接的是表示人的精神状况或心理活动的动词，如feel,realise,understand,wonder,know等时。[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子①Don'tforget________(turn)offthelightwhenyouleavetheroom.②Hesaidheregrettednot________(be)abletohelp.③Hehasbeentrying________(solve)theproblem.④Seeingtheteenagers,Ican'thelp________(think)backtomyboyhood.⑤Hewillneverforget________(be)insuchanembarrassingsituation.⑥Adamforgot________(make)anappointmentwithmeyesterday.Iwaitedhimthewholeafternoon.⑦Iregret________(tell)youthatyoucan'tbemyassistantforyourbrokenEnglish.⑧Thesenewordersforourproductswillmean________(work)overtime.⑨Stop________(search)foranswersonthewebsite.Youshouldworkthemathsproblemsoutbyyourself.⑩I'msorryforwhatIhavedone.Ididn'tmean________(make)youembarrassed.⑪Idislikemywife________(go)outoften.⑫Hepreferred________(die)ratherthansteal.⑬Ilike________(swim),butIdon'tlike________(swim)thisafternoon.⑭Crosstalksareanartformpeoplelove________(see)andhear.⑮TheywerewalkingsoslowlythatIbegan________(feel)bored.⑯Please________________________(记得给我打个电话)whenyougetthere.⑰I________________________(非常遗憾地说)thatheisbadlyill.⑱I'mverybusyandI________________________(不能帮助整理教室).⑲Tom________________________(开始学)howtousethecomputer.Ⅰ.单句语法填空(课时知识与高考真题)1．[北京卷]Neighborsdevotedtheirsparetimeto________(help)othersrebuild.2．[北京卷]—Didyouhavedifficulty________(find)Ann'shouse?—Notreally.Shehadgivenuscleardirectionsandwewereabletofinditeasily.3．[2018·北京卷]Theytaketheirdriverlesscartoanappointmentandsettheemptyvehicletocirclethebuildingtoavoid________(pay)forparking.4．[2017·全国卷Ⅲ]Lotsofpeoplefindithard________(get)upinthemorning,andputtheblameonthealarmclock.5．[2017·浙江卷]Shesaystheseactivitiesatbedtimecangetkidsallexcitedandmakeithardforthem________(calm)downandsleep.6．[2019·全国卷Ⅱ]Imagineachild________(stand)onadivingboardfourfeethighandaskinghimselfthequestion：“ShouldIjump？”7．[2018·全国卷Ⅲ]Shechosetosellafewlargerobjectsthatwerelessoftenusedwhenwepromised________(put)themoneyintoherschoolfund(基金).8．[2018·江苏卷]Theyoungstersadmitted________(plan)tripsaroundpotentialphoto­opportunitiesandthenmessagingfriends—andfriendsoffriends—todemand“likes”fortheironlineposts.9．[2017·全国卷Ⅲ]Asearlyas1966,biologistsaskedthegovernmenttoconsider________(reintroduce)wolvestoYellowstonePark.10．[2018·浙江卷]Ifaneighborisgoingtobeoutoftown,offer________(collect)mailandnewspapers.11．[北京卷]Newexperiencesoftenmean________(take)somerisks,soyourbrainraisesyourtoleranceforriskaswell.12．[2019·北京卷]Afterwards,sheandherfathersecuredtheirfirstbusinessmeetingwithasupermarketowner,whofinallyagreed________(sell)Moore'sproduct—CanCandy.13．[2017·浙江卷11月]ThebushitalamppostanditbroketheglassonthefrontdoorbeforeHarvoldmanaged________(bring)thebustoastop.14．[2017·北京卷]Thepossibilityof________(enter)intoandlosingsuchamatchshouldconcentratethemindsofcomputerscientists.15．[北京卷]Sometimeswedecidethatalittleunnecessarydangerisworthitbecausewhenweweightheriskandthereward,theriskseemsworth________(take).Ⅱ.短文语法填空MynameisLiHua,astudentfromChina.Iintend1.________(study)inLondonduringthesummervacation.I'mglad2.________(learn)thatyourmuseumwillholdanexhibitionofChinesepaintings.Iappreciate3.________(do)somevoluntaryworkfortheexhibition.SoIhavenochoicebut4.________(write)andapplyfortheopportunity.Ienjoy5.________(speak)Englishandfeellike6.________(paint)something.Iwouldliketovolunteer7.________(help)visitors,introduceChinesepaintings,spreadChineseculture,and8.________(strong)worldculturalexchanges.Myaimis9.________(let)ChinagototheworldandlettheworldunderstandChina.Iwouldappreciate10.________ifyoucouldagreetomyrequest.PartⅢ单元语法——后跟动名词或不定式的动词核心突破·要点讲解1．①asking②doing/havingdone③handing④making⑤checking⑥getting⑦parking⑧being⑨going⑩leaving⑪smoking⑫having⑬contacting⑭studying⑮bringing⑯areworthreading/areworthyofbeingread/areworthytoberead⑰Thereisnopoint(in)⑱Ifeltitawasteoftime⑲deservespunishing/tobepunished2．①tobestudying②tolive③togive④topaint⑤watchTValldaylong⑥thinkitapity⑦makesitaruletoread⑧feelitourdutyto3．①toturn②being/havingbeen③tosolve④thinking⑤being/havingbeen⑥making/havingmade⑦totell⑧working⑨searching⑩tomake⑪going⑫todie⑬swimmingtoswim⑭tosee⑮tofeel⑯remembertogivemeaphonecall⑰regrettosay⑱can'thelptotidytheclassroom⑲beganlearning/tolearn夯实基础·一遍落实Ⅰ.1．答案与解析：helpingdevote...to...，把……奉献于……，把……致力于……，to是介词，后接名词或动名词。句意：邻居们把他们的业余时间用来帮助其他人重建家园。2．答案与解析：findinghavedifficulty(in)doingsth.做某事有困难。句意：“你找安的家有困难吗？”“不是很难。她给了我们清楚的指引，我们很容易就找到了。”3．答案与解析：paying动名词作宾语，avoiddoingsth.避免做某事。句意：他们把自己的无人驾驶汽车开到约会地点，然后把空车设置成绕着这栋建筑转圈，以避免支付停车费。4．答案与解析：togetit是形式宾语，不定式短语是真正的宾语。句意：很多人发现早上起床很难，并把责任归咎于闹钟。5．答案与解析：tocalmit是形式宾语，动词不定式短语是真正的宾语。句意：她说，这些睡前活动会让孩子们兴奋不已，让他们很难平静下来睡觉。6．答案与解析：standingimagine后面接动名词作宾语。句意：想象一下，一个孩子站在四英尺高的跳板上问自己：“我应该跳下去吗？”7．答案与解析：toput句意：当我们许诺把卖掉这些不常用的较大物品的钱放在她的学校基金里的时候，她才选择卖。8．答案与解析：planning句意：这些年轻人承认，他