新教材英语人教版选择性单元加餐练3Unit3FascinatingParks

单元加餐练Ⅰ.阅读理解Poets，songwritersandleft­wingpoliticianshatetheidea，butfordecades，opinion­pollevidencehasbeenclear:moneybuyshappinessandthericheryouare，themorelikelyyouaretoexpresssatisfactionwithyourlife.Untilnow，asurveyof43countriespublishedonOctober30thbythePewResearchCentreshowsthatpeopleinemergingmarketsarewithinawhiskerof(一步之遥)expressingthesamelevelofsatisfactionaspeopleinrichcountries.Itisinlinewiththestandardviewofhappinessandineseensofar.Accordingtothesurvey，in2007,57%ofrespondentsinrichcountriesregardedthemselvesashappy；inemergingmarketsthesharewas33%;inpoorcountriesonly16%—aclassicexpressionofthestandardview.Butin2017,54%ofrichcountryrespondentscountedthemselvesashappy，whereasinemergingmarketsthepercentagejumpedto51%.ThesharpincreasehappenedthankstohugeimprovementsincountriessuchasIndonesia(＋35)andPakistan(＋22)．In12ofthe24emergingmarkets，halformorepeopleratetheirlifesatisfactioninthetopoftheladder.Thisisnottosaythelinkbetweenineandsatisfactionhasbeensnapped.Poorcountriesstilllagbehind：onlyaquarterofthepeopletherecountthemselvesashappy—halftheleveloftheothertwogroups.Thereisalsoaclearlinkbetweenhappinessandinegrowth.China'sGDProseatanannualaveragerateof10%in2007—2017anditshappinesslevelrose26points.Withincountries，richerpeopleexpressmoresatisfactionthantheirpoorerneighbors.Thestudydividedrespondentsintocategorieswithhigherandlowerinesandfewerandmorehouseholdgoods.Ineverycountryineverygroup,richerfolkwithmoregoodsexpressedhigherlevelsofhappiness.Soatapersonallevel，moneydoesbuyhappiness.Andifyouaskpeopleaboutdifferentaspectsoftheirlives—health，familylife，religion，standardofliving—itturnsoutthatsatisfactionwithlivingstandardsstillhasthebiggestinfluenceonhappiness.本文是一篇议论文。文章论述的是幸福和收入之间的关系。几十年来，民意调查的证据已经很清楚：金钱能买来幸福，你越富有，就越有可能对自己的生活表示满意。1．What'sthestandardviewofhappinessandine?A．Ineisnotcloselyrelatedtohappiness.B．Happinessdoesnotdependonhowmuchyouearn.C．Thehigheryourineis,themorelikelyyouwillfeelsatisfied.D．Themoreyouaresatisfied,themoreyoucanearneverymonth.答案：C解析：推理判断题。由第一段“...opinion­pollevidencehasbeenclear:moneybuyshappinessandthericheryouare,themorelikelyyouaretoexpresssatisfactionwithyourlife.”(民意调查的证据已经很清楚：金钱能买来幸福，你越富有，就越有可能表达对生活的满意。)可知，你的收入越高，你就越有可能感到满足。故选C项。2．Whatcontributedtotheincreaseofhappinessinemergingmarkets?A．Theirrapiddevelopment. B．Investmentinemergingmarkets.C．Economicdownturn. D．Morecooperationwithrichcountries.答案：A解析：推理判断题。由第二段“Butin2017...whereasinemergingmarketsthepercentagejumpedto51%.”(但在2017年……而在新兴市场，这一比例跃升至51%。)和第三段“Thesharpincreasehappenedthankstohugeimprovementsincountriessuchas...”(这种剧增的发生得益于一些国家的巨大进步，比如……)可推知，他们的快速发展促进了新兴市场的幸福水平的提高。故选A项。3.What'sthepurposeofthewriterbymentioningChina'sGDP?A．ToprovethatChina'sGDPgrowthledtothehappinessofpeopleinAsia.B．ToremindreadersoftheprogressthatChinahasmade.C．Toexpresstheauthor'sconcernaboutthedevelopmentofemergingmarkets.D．Toshowthatthereisalinkbetweenhappinessandinegrowth.答案：D解析：目的意图推断题。由文章倒数第二段“Thereisalsoaclearlinkbetweenhappinessandinegrowth.”(幸福和收入增长之间也有明显的联系。)可知，作者提到中国GDP的目的是为了证明幸福和收入增长之间存在联系。故选D项。4．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothestandardviewofhappinessandine?A．Disappointed. B．Skeptical.C．Supportive. D．Indifferent.答案：C解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“atapersonallevel，moneydoesbuyhappiness.”以及“thebiggestinfluenceonhappiness.”可知，作者对幸福和收入的标准观点持“支持”的态度。故选C项。Ⅱ.七选五Negativethoughtswehaveaboutourselvescandestroyourspirits.Manyofushaveproblemswithnegativethoughts.Thenegativethoughtsleadtobadfeelingsandtheymakeyoubelievethatthebadthingsyouaresufferingareactuallytrue.Inshort,theybringyourfocusonyourfailures,whichwillmakeyoudepressed.Whatcanyoudotoavoidnegativethoughtstoaffectyou？__1__.RecognizethatactionsalwaysfollowbeliefsWhateveryoubelieve,you'llexperiencemoreofthem.__2__.Sostartbelievingthebestaboutyourselfandbelievethatyou'revaluableperson.PicturethegoodthingsIfyouwanttochangethenegativetapesplayinginyourheads,youhavetoimagineyourselfpositivelythatmeansjudgingyourselfright.__3__.Howwouldthatlook?Drawitinyourmindandexpandit.__4__Youmaytalktoyourselfwithstatementslike“ifonly”or“whatif”.Theformerkeepsremindingyouofthepastwithregret,whilethelatterkeepsyoufearfulofthefuture.Thereisnothingyoucandoaboutthepastandthefutureisn'thereyet.DeveloppositiveviewsInsteadofalwaysputtingyourselfdowninyourhead,thinkofsomethingsyouactuallylikeaboutyourself.Tellyourself“Iamable.I'mgoodatit.”insteadofsaying“I'mnotgoodenough”，__5__.Thinkingpoorlygetsusnowhereandisextremelyself­limiting.Decide,today,toturnoffthenegativechannelinyourmindanddevelopyourtruepossibilities.A．ForgetthepastB．LiveinthemomentC．HerearesomesuggestionsD．MakefriendswithoptimisticpeopleE．ImagineapictureaboutyourselfF．Alwayskeeppositive,ratherthansaysomethingnegativeG．You'llalsofindyouractionsaresuitableforyourbeliefs这是一篇说明文。对自己的消极想法会摧毁我们的精神。我们很多人都有消极想法的问题。消极的想法会导致不好的感觉，让你相信你所遭受的不好的事情是真实的。文章就此提供了四点避免消极想法的建议。1．C解析：根据下文主要内容为四点建议可知，C项“这里有一些建议”起到承上启下的作用。故选C。2．G解析：根据本段小标题Recognizethatactionsalwaysfollowbeliefs(认识到行动总是遵循信念)可对应到G选项中beliefs，表示“你也会发现你的行为与你的信念相符合。”符合语境。故选G。3．E解析：根据上文Ifyouwanttochangethenegativetapesplayinginyourheads,youhavetoimagineyourselfpositivelythatmeansjudgingyourselfright.(如果你想改变脑中播放的消极磁带，你必须积极地想象自己，这意味着正确地判断自己。)，再根据后句Howwouldthatlook?Drawitinyourmindandexpandit.可知，要学会去描绘一张你自己的图片。故选E。4．B解析：本空为本段小标题，根据本段最后一句Thereisnothingyoucandoaboutthepastandthefutureisn'thereyet.(你对过去无能为力，而未来还没有到来。)可知，是建议要活在当下。故选B。5．F解析：根据上文Tellyourself“Iamable.I'mgoodatit.”insteadofsaying“I'mnotgoodenough”(告诉自己“我能行。我很擅长。”而不是说“我不够好”。)可知，是在强调永远保持积极的态度，而不是说一些消极的话。故选F。Ⅲ.完形填空Achalkboardwallthatrecentlygotnationalattentionforaskingpeopletofinishthethought“IwishIhadthecourageto...”isingdown.Forme,theCourageWallrepresenteda(an)__1__whenItookacourageousjumpofmyown.TheCourageWall'ssite,avacant(空的)groundinDelRay,isaparticularly__2__locationforme.Sevenyearsago,Ihadaprojectherewhileinarchitectureschool.Ourprofessortoldusto__3__somethinghere,buthedidn'tsaywhatitshouldbe.Iwasembarrassed:howwouldweknowwhattobuild?MyclassmatesandIstartedresearchingtheneighborhoodfor__4__.Iendedupproposingapublicspaceonthevacantground,witharchitecturesarounditthatwere__5__enoughforclosegatherings,butbigenoughforperformances.Ididn't__6__atthetimethatIwasinspiredinawayI'dneverbeenbefore.FormyentirelifeIhaddreamedofbeinga(n)__7__.ButIstruggledwithmathandphysics,andIfeltdisconnectedfromthepeopleandmunitiesIwas__8__todesignfor.MytimeinDelRaytaughtmesomethingnewaboutmyself,anditgavemethecouragetotaketheleapandtrya__9__path.Sevenyearslater,I'macityplanner.ButI'vefoundmyselfinevenbigger__10__：astruggletofindfull­timework,hospitalbillsfromafootinjury,twocaraccidents,anda__11__livingsituation.Ihavebeeembarrassedwithdoubtand__12__，unsureofmyself.Overthepastfewmonths,I'vebeenabletopullmyselfout,slowlybut__13__.Afewweeksago,IstoodinfrontoftheCourageWall,__14__peoplewalkup,admireit,andaddsomethingoftheirown.ThisisaplacewhereI'dshownmyselfcourageonce.Chalkinhand,IfelthopefulIcoulddoitagain.I__15__mywordsandIwentonmyway.本文主要讲了作者在生活中经历了很多的困难，但幸亏有了CourageWall，让作者有了继续前行的勇气。1．A.hour B．year C．moment D．period答案：C解析：考查名词的辨析，根据下文的itgavemethecouragetotaketheleap可知，CourageWall代表着我勇敢一跃的时刻，因此使用moment，故答案为C。2．A.secret B．important C．convenient D．perfect答案：B解析：考查形容词的辨析，secret秘密的，important重要的，convenient方便的，perfect完美的。CourageWall对我而言是尤其重要的一个地方，故答案为B。3．A.improve B．report C．change D．design答案：D解析：考查动词的辨析，improve提高，report报道，change改变，design设计。我们教授叫我们设计一些东西，故答案为D。4．A.technique B．chances C．ideas D．fort答案：C解析：考查名词的辨析，technique技巧，chances机会，ideas想法，fort安慰。我同学和我为了想出点东西开始调查周边，故答案为C。5．A.small B．new C．simple D．large答案：A解析：考查形容词的辨析，small小的，new新的，simple简单的，large大的。我最后建议在空旷地建一个公共场所，小到能让人们小聚，但是也要足够大到能用于演出，故答案为A。6．A.predict B．imagine C．realize D．remember答案：C解析：考查动词的辨析，predict预测，imagine想象，realize意识，remember记住。我没有意识到那时我的灵感来自一种我从未想过的方式，故答案为C。7．A.scholar B．chemist C．assistant D．architect答案：D解析：考查上下文的理解，根据上文的Ihadaprojectherewhileinarchitectureschool.可推测，我梦想成为一名建筑师，因此使用architect，故答案为D。8．A.advised B．supposed C．allowed D．opposed答案：B解析：考查动词的辨析，advised建议，supposed认为，allowed允许，opposed反对。我觉得与本该为之设计的人们和社区脱节了，使用besupposedto“应该”，故答案为B。9．A.different B．correct C．distant D．mon答案：A解析：考查形容词的辨析，different不同的，correct正确的，distant遥远的，mon普通的。我在DelRay的日子给了我尝试另一条道路的勇气，故答案为A。10．A.weaknesses B．mistakes C．adventures D．trouble答案：D解析：考查名词的辨析，weaknesses弱点，mistakes错误，adventures冒险，trouble困扰。我发现自己遇到更大的麻烦，故答案为D。11．A.peaceful B．stressful C．healthy D．strange答案：B解析：考查形容词的辨析，peaceful和平的，stressful有压力的，healthy健康的，strange奇怪的。此处指的是我充满压力的生活情境，故答案为B。12．A.anger B．panic C．anxiety D．regret答案：C解析：考查名词的辨析，anger怒气，panic恐慌，anxiety焦虑，regret后悔。此处指我变得充满怀疑和焦虑，故答案为C。13．A.unwillingly B．surely C．frequently D．unluckily答案：B解析：考查副词的辨析，unwillingly不乐意地，surely肯定地，frequently经常，unluckily不幸地。过去的几个月我缓慢但坚定地让自己振作起来了，故答案为B。14．A.watching B．helping C．fancying D．hearing答案：A解析：考查动词的辨析，watching观看，helping帮助，fancying想象，hearing听到。几天前我站在CourageWall前面，看着人们走上前，故答案为A。15．A.introduced B．admitted C．shared D．added答案：D解析：考查动词的辨析，introduced介绍，admitted承认，shared分享，added增加。根据前文的addsomethingoftheirown可知我也写下了自己的话，故答案为D。Ⅳ.概要写作Highschoolexittestsareteststhatstudentsmustpasstograduatefromhighschool.Inthelastfewyears,however,anumberofstatesinAmericahavedroppedthem.Althoughsomestatesstillusethemfordiplomas,thenumberisdownfromahighof27statesduringthetestingcrazepromotedbyNoChildLeftBehind(NCLB)．Theappearanceofthisphenomenonissmallwonder.Researchesclearlyshowthatexittestshavelittlepositiveeffectsonstudents.A2014reportfoundexittestingwasassociatedwithlowergraduationrates,negativelyaffectedlabormarketoutes,and,mostalarmingly,produceda12.5percentincreaseinincarceration(监禁)rates.Exitexams,thestudyconcluded,hadtendedtoaddlittlevalueformoststudents.Exittestingreliesonthefollowingassumptions.Oneisthatstandardizedtestingcanserveasakindof“qualitycontrol”forhighschoolgraduates,guaranteeingthatgraduatesarecollegeready.Theotheristhattheyhavepredictingvalueforfuturesucc