新疆玛纳斯县第一中学2020-2021学高二上学期期中备考英语试卷Ⅰ

20202021学年上学期高二期中备考卷英语1注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第Ⅰ卷（选择题）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选岀最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给岀5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofelectronicmusic?A.Itisclever. B.Itisloud. C.Itismodern.7.Howoldwasthewomanwhenattendingaclassicalconcert?A.16. B.17. C.18.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whydoesthemanturntothewoman?A.Hehastoworklate.B.Hehastogetgroceries.C.Hehasapackagetoe.9.Whatisthemangetting?A.Aboxoffruit. B.Somealcohol. C.Somesportsequipment.10.Whatdoweknowaboutthespeakers’kids?A.Theyareundertheageof21.B.They’llreturnhomeby3:00p.m.C.They’llpracticesoccerat5:00p.m.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fatheranddaughter. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Classmates.12.Whatdoesthewomanwanttobee?A.Asecurityguard.B.Aputersecurityexpert.C.Aputerscienceteacher.13.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Dowellinmath. B.Majorinmath. C.Seemathasacareer.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atschool. B.Atthezoo. C.Atanamusementpark.15.WhyisLisasurprised?A.Johnwasbusy. B.Johnarrivedlate. C.Johnchangedhismind.16.WhydidJohnlietoLisa?A.Hewantedtoealone.B.Hewasafraidofrollercoasters.C.Hewantedtogiveherasurprise.17.WhatdoesJohnsayaboutLisa?A.Considerate. B.Brave. C.Reliable.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whydidthespeakerbuyanewumbrella?A.Hisoldonewasdamaged.B.Hereallylovedthatone.C.Hefailedtobringone.19.Whatisthemainadvantageofthehotel’slocation?A.ItisbesidetheEiffelTower.B.Itisveryclosetoabakery.C.ItiswithinwalkingdistancetoLouvre.20.WhydidthespeakergotoParis?A.Toseesomeartworks.B.ToeatsomeFrenchfood.C.Tomeetsomegoodfriends.【答案】15BCBCA 610BACBA 1115ABACC 1620BACBA第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AYoumayneedtogivefirstaid.Firstaidisdefinedastheemergencycaregiventoasickorinjuredperson.Thegoalsoffirstaidaretopreventdeathandtopreventinjuriesfrombeingworse.Eachemergencyconditionisdifferent.However,thefollowingrulesapplytoanykindofemergency.☆Beawareofyourlimitations.Donottrytodomorethanyouareableto.Norshouldyoudothingsifyouareunfamiliarwiththem.Dowhatyoucanundertheconditionsatthetime.☆Staycalm.Actingcalmlywillhelpthevictimfeelsafe.☆Takeaquicklooktoseeifthevictimisbleeding,andifthereisapulse.☆Keepthevictimlyingdownanddonotmovehimorher.Youcouldmakeaninjuryworseifyoumovethevictim.☆Takenecessaryemergencysteps.☆CallforhelporasksomeonetomaketheEMSsystem(急救系统)start.☆Donotremoveclothingunlessyouhaveto.Ifclothingmustberemoved,teartheclothesalongtheseams(线缝).☆Keepthevictimwarm.Coverthevictimwithablanket.Coatsandsweaterscanbeusedifablanketcannotbefound.☆Reassurethevictim.Explainwhatishappeningandthathelphasbeencalled.☆Donotgivethevictimanyfoodorfruits.☆Keepthebystandersawayfromthevictim.Bystanderswanttohavealook,offeradvice,andsaysomethingaboutthevictim’scondition.Thevictimmaybelievethattheconditionisworsethanitreallyis.21.Whenapersonisbadlyinjuredontheroad,youshould.A.actworriedlyandhurriedlyB.dowhateveryouwanttofreelyC.notmovehimorherD.maketheinjuredpersonstandup22.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Youshouldhelpaninjuredpersoninanycondition.B.Don’tremovetheclothingoftheinjuredpersonwhateverhappens.C.Itisnecessarytocoverthevictimwithablanket.D.Iftheinjuredpersonfeelshungry,youshouldgivehimorhersomefood.23.Whyshouldbystandersbekeptawayfromthevictim?A.Becausebystanderscanpreventthevictimfromreceivingfirstaid.B.Becausewhattheysaycanmakethevictimthinktheconditionisverybad.C.Becausethevictimdoesn’twanttoaccepttheadviceofbystanders.D.Becausethevictimhatesbeingsurroundedbybystanders.【答案】2123CCB【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了我们平时在进行急救的时候，正确地进行施救的做法。21.细节理解题。根据文章中的“Keepthevictimlyingdownanddonotmovehimorher.Youcouldmakeaninjuryworseifyoumovethevictim.”可知，不要移动受害者，否则你可能会使他/她的伤势恶化，故选C。22.细节理解题。结合文章中的“Coverthevictimwithablanket.Coatsandsweaterscanbeusedifablanketcannotbefound.”可知，给受害者盖上一条毛毯，如果找不到毛毯，就使用外套或者毛衣，故选C项。23.细节理解题。结合最后一段中的“Thevictimmaybelievethattheconditionisworsethanitreallyis.”可知，受害者可能会认为情况比真实的情况更糟糕，故选B项。BIwasattendingapartyonenightgiveninSirRoss’shonor.Duringthedinner,themansittingnexttometoldahumorousstoryandspokeofthequotation:“There’sadivinity(神)thatshapesourends.Roughhewthemhowwewill.”ThestorytellermentionedthatthequotationwasfromtheBible.Hewaswrong.Iknewthat;Iknewitpositively.Therecouldn’tbetheslightestdoubtaboutit.Andso,togetafeelingofimportanceandshowmyhighquality,Ichosemyselfasanunwelepersontocorrecthim.Hestucktohisguns.“What?FromShakespeare?Impossible!Absurd!ThatquotationwasfromtheBible.”Thestorytellerwassittingatmyrighthand,andFrankGammond,anoldfriendofmine,wasseatedatmylefthand.Mr.GammondhaddevotedyearstothestudyofShakespeare,sothestorytellerandIagreedtoleavethequestiontoMr.Gammond.Mr.Gammondlistened,kickedmeunderthetable,andthensaid,“Dale,youarewrong.Thegentlemanisright.ItisfromtheBible.”Onourwayhomethatnight,IsaidtoMr.Gammond,“Frank,youknewthatquotationwasfromShakespeare.”“Yes,ofcourse,”hereplied.“Hamlet,ActV,Scene2.Butwewereguestsonafestiveoccasion,mydearDale.Whyprovetoamanheiswrong?Isthatgoingtomakehimlikeyou?Whynotlethimsavehisface?Hedidn’taskforyouropinion.Hedidn’twantit.Whyarguewithhim?”ThemanwhosaidthattaughtmealessonIwouldneverforget.Inotonlyhadmadethestorytellerunfortable,buthadputmyfriendinanembarrassingsituation.HowmuchbetteritwouldhavebeenifIhadn’tbeeargumentative.Ninetimesoutoften,anargumentendswitheachofthecontestants(竞争者)morefirmlyconvincedthaneverthatheisabsolutelyright.Youcan’twinanargument.Youcan’tbecauseifyouloseit,youloseit;andifyouwinit,youloseit.24.Attheparty,theauthortriedtogetafeelingofimportanceby___________.A.tellingahumorousstory B.showingoffhisrichknowledgeC.teachingthestorytelleralesson D.correctingthestoryteller’smistake25.TheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2meansthat___________.A.herealizedhewaswrong B.hedidn’tchangehismindC.hefeltsorryforwhathesaid D.hewantedtofightwiththeauthor26.WhatdowelearnaboutFrankGammond?A.Hewasveryhumorous. B.Hewasverythoughtful.C.HeknewmuchabouttheBible. D.Hedidn’tknowmuchaboutShakespeare.27.WhatdoestheauthorlearnfromhisfriendGammond?A.Havinganopenmind. B.Respectingothersopinion.C.Nevergettingintoanargument. D.Avoidingmakingmistakesinpublic.【答案】2427DBBC【解析】本文是夹叙夹议文。在一场争论中，大多数情况下双方都不会改变自己持有的观点，反而会更加坚定。因此，不要轻易与他人争论。24.细节理解题。根据第二段中的第五句可知，作者为了获得一种被看重的感觉，公开指出了那位讲故事的人的错误。故D选项正确。25.句意理解题。根据划线句后讲故事的人的反应可知，他听到作者的指正后并没有改变自己的观点。故B选项正确。26.推理判断题。根据第三段和第五段可知，FrankGammond明知那位讲故事的人的说法是错的，但是为了给对方面子，他没有站在作者的一边指出他的错误，由此可推知他是一个考虑周到的人。故B选项正确。27.推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者从朋友那里得到的启示是：不要轻易与他人争论，因为争论后双方往往会更加坚定自己的立场，没有赢家。故C选项正确。CAsksomeonewhattheyhavedonetohelptheenvironmentrecentlyandtheywillalmostcertainlymentionrecycling.Recyclinginthehomeisveryimportantofcourse.However,beingforcedtorecycleoftenmeanswealreadyhavemorematerialthanweneed.Wearedealingwiththeresultsofthatoverconsumptioninthegreenestwaypossible,butitwouldbefarbetterifwedidnotbringsomuchmaterialhomeinthefirstplace.Thetotalamountofpackagingincreasedby12%between1999and2005.Itnowmakesupathirdofatypicalhousehold’swasteintheUK.Inmanysupermarketsnowadaysfooditemsarepackagedtwicewithplasticandcardboard.Toomuchpackagingisdoingseriousdamagetotheenvironment.TheUK,forexample,isrunningoutofitforcarryingthisunnecessarywaste.Ifsuchpackagingisburnt,itgivesoffgreenhousegaseswhichgoontocausethegreenhouseeffect.Recyclinghelps,buttheprocessitselfusesenergy.Thesolutionisnottoproducesuchitemsinthefirstplace.Foodwasteisaseriousproblem,too.Toomanysupermarketsencouragecustomerstobuymorethantheyneed.However,afewofthemareingroundtotheideathatthiscannotcontinue,encouragingcustomerstoreusetheirplasticbags,forexample.Butthisisnotjustaboutsupermarkets.Itisaboutallofus.Wehavelearnedtoassociatepackagingwithquality.Wehavelearnedtothinkthatsomethingunpackagedisofpoorquality.Thisisespeciallytrueoffood.Butitalsoappliestoawiderangeofconsumerproducts,whichoftenhavefarmorepackagingthannecessary.Therearesignsofhope.Asmoreofusrecycle,wearebeginningtorealizejusthowmuchunnecessarymaterialwearecollecting.Weneedtofacethewastefulnessofourconsumerculture,butwehaveamountaintoclimb.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“overconsumption”referto?A.Usingtoomuchpackaging.B.Recyclingtoomuchwaste.C.Makingmoreproductsthannecessary.D.Havingmorematerialthanisneeded.29.TheauthorusesfiguresinParagraph2toshow.A.thetendencyofcuttinghouseholdwasteB.theincreaseofpackagingrecyclingC.therapidgrowthofsupermarketsD.thefactofpackagingoveruse30.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4?A.Unpackagedproductsareofbadquality.B.Supermarketscaremoreaboutpackaging.C.Itisimpropertojudgequalitybypackaging.D.Otherproductsarebetterpackagedthanfood.31.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Fightingwastefulnessisdifficult.B.Needlessmaterialismostlyrecycled.C.Peoplelikecollectingrecyclablewaste.D.Theauthorisproudofhisconsumerculture.【答案】2831DDCA【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了过度包装的现状、人们对包装的认识和过度包装的危害，指出虽然有更多人已经开始循环利用，但形势很严峻，要想改变状况是一项艰巨的任务。28.词义猜测题。根据第一段划线后（但如果我们一开始不带那么多的材料回家，情况会好得多。）可推知划线部分意义应为过度消费，故选D项。29.推理判断题。根据第二段中引用的数字“Thetotalamountofpackagingincreasedby12%between1999and2005.Itnowmakesupathirdofatypicalhousehold’swasteintheUK.”（从1999年到2005年，包装总量增加了12%。它现在占了英国典型家庭垃圾的三分之一。）可知，作者使用数字的目的是为了让读者清楚地理解过度包装的现实问题，故D项正确。30.推理判断题。第四段讲述了人们对于包装不好的物品的固有认识，即：人们普遍认为包装不好的物品质量肯定差，可以推断出以包装评判产品是不对的，故C项为正确答案。31.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Weneedtofacethewastefulnessofourconsumerculture,butwehaveamountaintoclimb.”可知，我们需要面对我们消费文化中的浪费，但我们还有一座高山要攀登，所以回收利用抗击浪费任务艰巨，故A项为正确答案。DIt’s8a.m.,Tuesday,Nov.18,2028,andyouareheadingforabusinessappointment300milesaway.Youstepintoyourcircle,atwopassengeraircushioncar,pressaseriesofbuttonsandthenationaltrafficputernotesyourdestination,figuresoutthecurrenttrafficsituationandsignalsyourcartoslideoutofthegarage.Handsfree,yousitbackandbegintoreadthemorningpaper—whichismashedonaflatTVscreenoverthecar’sdashboard.Tappingabuttonchangesthepage.Thecarspeedsupto150mphinthecity’scountryside,andthenhits250mphinlessbuiltupareas,drivingoverthesmoothplasticroad.Youflypastastringofcities,manyofthemcoveredbythenewdomes(圆屋顶)thatkeepthemevenlyclimatizedallyearround.Trafficisheavy,typically,butthere’snoneedtoworry.Thetrafficputer,whichsendsandreceivessignalstoandfromallcarsontheroadbetweencities,keepsvehiclesatleast50ydsapart.Therehasn’tbeenanaccidentsincethesystembegan.SuddenlyyourTVphonebuzzes.Abusinesspartnerwantsasketchofanewkindofimpelleryourfirmisproducingforsportsboats.Youreachforyourcaseanddrawthediagramwithapencilthininfraredflashlight(红外线手电筒)onwhatlookslikeaTVscreenliningthebackofthecase.Thediagramissenttoasimilarscreeninyourpartner’soffice,200milesway.Hepressesabuttonandafixedcopyofthesketchrollsoutofthemachine.Hewishesyougoodluckattheingmeetingandsignsoff.Ninetyminutesafterleavingyourhome,youslidebeneaththedomeofyourdestinationcity.Yourcarslowsdownandheadsforanoutercoreofficebuildingwhereyou’llmeetyourcolleagues.Afteryougetout,thevehicleparksitselfinagaragetoawaityourreturn.Privatecarsaren’tallowedinsidemostcitycores.Movingsidewalksandtrams(有轨电车)carrythepublicfromonelocationtoanother.32.Thetrafficputerinyourcarcan.A.keepyourcaratasafedistancefromothercarsB.keepyourcaratthesamespeedindifferentsituationsC.keepyourcarreceivingsignalsofTVprogramsD.keepyourcardrivingwhileavoidingheavytraffic33.Whyarethecitiescoveredbythenewdomes?A.Topreventpeoplefrombeingwetintherain.B.Tostoptheclimateofthecitieschangingviolentlyallyear.C.Toprotectthetravelersagainstthestrongsunshine.D.Tomakethecityhavethesameweatherallyear.34.Whatwillthecitybelikeinthefuture?A.Noaccidentswillhappenbecauseofheavytraffic.B.ThesidewalkcanmoveitselfupanddownC.Theroadwillbebuiltwiththeplasticmaterial.D.Thecarcanparkitselfonadometowaitforyourreturn.35.Thepassageismostprobablytakenfrom.A.apopularsciencemagazine B.ashortstorycollectionC.aresearchpaper D.apersonaldiary【答案】3235ABCA【解析】本文主要通过描述一个人开车上班，以及途中各种先进技术的使用等介绍了在2028年生活的情况。32.细节理解题。从第二段中的“Thetrafficputer,whichsendsandreceivessignalstoandfromallcarsontheroadbetweencities,keepsvehiclesatleast50ydsapart.”可知，交通电脑可以使汽车之间的距离相隔至少50码（约46米），使汽车保持安全的距离。故选A。33.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“manyofthemcoveredbythenewdomesthatkeepthemevenlyclimatizedallyearround.”可知，城市上空的圆屋顶能够保持城市的气候变化不剧烈，比较均匀，所以选B。34.细节理解题。从第二段中的“drivingoverthesmoothplasticroad”可知道路是塑料建造的，故选C项。由第二段的最后一句“Therehasn’tbeenanaccidentsincethesystembegan”可知A项错误；由最后一段最后一句“Movingsidewalksandtramscarrythepublicfromonelocationtoanother.”可知B项错误；由最后一段中的“thevehicleparksitselfinagaragetoawaityourreturn.”可知D项错误。35.主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了未来在2028年，人们在日常生活中使用各种先进技术的一些情况，属于科技方面的内容，因此本文最有可能选自科普杂志。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ThingsYouShouldStopDoingtoBeSuccessfulAreyouahappyperson?Howoftendoyouthinkofreasonswhyeveryonearoundyouissuccessfulthoughtheyarenotbetterthanyouingeneral?Whatdoyoudowrong?Herearesomethingsyoushouldstopdoingtobesuccessful.1.36Differentpeoplemayexplain“success”indifferentways:someofthemmeasureitinmoney,otheronesinpositivechangestopeoplearoundthemandtheworldingeneral.37Don’tworryaboutwhatotherpeoplethinkbuteafterwhatmakesyouhappy.2.Donotbelieveanythingwithoutquestioningit.38Theyarecriticalthinkers,andtheyunderstandthatweallareruledbyourprejudices,sotheywillalwaysquestionnewinformation.3.Donotworryaboutallunpredictablethingsthatmayhappentoyou.Ifyouwanttobesuccessful,stopthinkingabouteverythingthatMAYhappentoyou.39Bereadytoimproveandchangeyourdeedsanddecisionswhenthingssuddenlydon’tgoaccordingtoyourplan.4.Donotcareaboutwhatotherpeoplethinkofyou.40Yourattemptstobee“good”foreveryonewillturnintonothingbutnewworries,stresses,andproblems.Successfulpeopledonotconcentrateonthequantityofpeopletoplease,butworryabouttheirqualityandfocusondevelopingfriendshipswithpeopletheyreallycareabout.A.Donotwaitforthe“righttime”todoanythingB.Donotletothersdecidewhat“success”isforyouC.Successfulpeopledonotjustacceptanynewinformationtobetrue.D.Asfarasweallknow,it’simpossibletopleaseallthepeoplewhosurroundus.E.Successfulpeopleneverignoreoravoidproblems,nomatterhowbigandawfultheyseem.F.Ifyouwanttobesuccessful,donotletothersforcetheirexplanationofsuccessonyou.G.Trytofeelfortablewiththerealityandacceptthefactthatyourfuturecan’tbepredicted.【答案】3640BFCGD【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为了取得成功，应该停止做的四件事。36.此处是本段小标题。根据其他小标题的句式及该段落中的首句和最后一句可以推知B项符合语境，应选B项。37.根据空前一句（不同的人对成功的定义不同）和空后一句可知应选F项。38.根据小标题和C项中的“notjustacceptanynewinformationtobetrue”与该段中的questionnewinformation相呼应可知，此处应选C项。39.本段主要讲的是不要担心可能会发生在你身上的不可预见的事情，根据空前说的如果想要成功，就不要去想任何或许会发生在你身上的事情可知，这里应进一步说明，故选G项。40.根据小标题及D项中的“pleaseallthepeople”与该段中的“thequantityofpeopletoplease”相呼应可知，应选D项。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Doyouthinkyouhavewhatittakestobeasuccessfulscientist?Asuccessfulscientistisgenerallyagoodobserver.Hemakesfull41ofthefactsheobserves.Hedoesn’tacceptideaswhicharenot42onobviousfacts,andthereforerefusestoacceptauthorityastheonly43fortruth.Healwayschecksideas44andmakesexperimentstoprovethem.Theriseofmodernsciencemayperhapsbeconsideredto45asfarbackasthetimeofRogerBacon,thewonderfulphilosopherofOxford,wholivedbetweentheyears1214and1292.HewasprobablythefirstintheMiddleAgesto46thatweshouldlearnscience47observingandexperimentingonthethingsaroundus,andhehimself48manyimportanttruths.Galileo(15641642),49,wholivedmorethan300yearslater,wasthegreatestofseveralgreatmeninItaly,France,Germany,andEngland,whobegantoshowhowmanyimportant50couldbediscoveredbyobservationbydegrees.BeforeGalileo,learnedmenbelievedthatlargebodies51morerapidlytowardstheearththansmallones,52Aristotlesaidso.ButGalileo,goingtothe53oftheLeaningTowerofPisa,letfalltwo54stonesandprovedAristotlewaswrong.ItisGalileo’s55ofgoingdirecttonature,andprovingour56andtheoriesbyexperiment,thathas57allthediscoveriesofmodernscience.What58thosepeoplegoodscientists?FromtheexampleofGalileo,weknowclearlythat59scientistsarethosewhoseobservationshave60betterresults.41.A.use B.sense C.speed D.trust42.A.relied B.based C.insisted D.centered43.A.reason B.cause C.advice D.result44.A.casually B.carefully C.quickly D.privately45.A.date B.keep C.look D.e46.A.mand B.suspect C.suggest D.conclude47.A.in B.with C.on D.by48.A.brought B.discovered C.handled D.announced49.A.however B.therefore C.seldom D.never50.A.truths B.problems C.investigations D.subjects51.A.threw B.fell C.ran D.rolled52.A.although B.because C.when D.if53.A.place B.foot C.top D.ceiling54.A.big B.small C.similar D.unequal55.A.spirit B.skill C.theory D.wish56.A.plans B.opinions C.world D.ability57.A.ledto B.turnedto C.setup D.putforward58.A.makes B.prevents C.considers D.promises59.A.reasonable B.successful C.expert D.sensitive60.A.foreseen B.rejected C.produced D.challenged【答案】4145ABABA 4650CDBAA 5155BBCDA 5660BAABC【解析】本文为议论文。一个科学家应该具备出色的洞察力，不能盲目相信他人，应该通过观察和实验来获得正确的观点和理论。41.考查固定词组。A.use：使用；B.sense：意识；C.speed：速度；D.trust：信任。根据语境可知此处是makefulluseof“充分利用，充分使用”这一固定词组。故A选项正确。42.考查固定词组。A.relied：依靠；B.based：基于；C.insisted：坚持；D.centered：集中。根据该空前的“Hedoesn’tacceptideas”和后面的“onobviousfacts”可知选B。bebasedon是固定词组，表示以……为基础，基于。43.考查名词。句意：为了真相，他拒绝接受权威作为唯一的理由。A.reason：理由；B.cause：起因；C.advice：建议；D.result：结果。结合下文他总是自己观察做实验去证实，故A选项正确。44.考查副词。A.casually：随便地；B.carefully：仔细地；C.quickly：迅速地；D.privately：私下地。此处表示仔细地梳理想法。故B选项正确。45.考查动词。A.dateback：追溯到；B.keepback：阻止；C.lookback：回顾；D.eback：回来。由下文的theyears1214and1292可知，现代科学的兴起可以追溯到很早的时期。故A选项正确。46.考查动词。A.mand：命令；B.suspect：怀疑；C.suggest：建议；D.conclude：推断。根据空后的内容可知，这里应是RogerBacon提出的建议。故C选项正确。47.考查介词。A.in：在……中；B.with：随着；C.on：在……上；D.by：通过。根据后面的“observingandexperimentingonthethingsaroundus”可知，此处表示通过观察我们周围的事物并做实验。故D选项正确。48.考查动词。A.brought：带来；B.discovered：发现；C.handled：处理；D.announced：宣布。结合空后的manyimportanttruths可知，他本人发现了很多重要的真理。故B选项正确。49.考查副词。A.however：然而；B.therefore：所以；C.seldom：很少；D.never：从不。上文说RogerBacon也许是中世纪第一个建议通过观察和实验的方式来学习科学的人，此处表示转折，然而，伽利略是几个伟大的人物中最伟大的一个。故A选项正确。50.考查名词。A.truths：事实，真理；B.problems：问题；C.investigations：调查；D.subjects：主题。由空后的“couldbediscoveredbyobservation”可知，很多真理可以通过观察而被发现。上文中的manyimportanttruths也是提示。故A选项正确。51.考查动词。A.threw：扔；B.fell：落下；C.ran：跑；D.rolled：滚动。根据下文中的letfall可知，空处应选fell。故B选项正确。52.考查连词。A.although：虽然；B.because：因为；C.when：当……的时候；D.if：如果。根据Aristotlesaidso可知，这里表示因为亚里士多德是这样说的。故B选项正确。53.考查名词。A.place：地方；B.foot：脚下；C.top：顶部；D.ceiling：天花板。结合空后的oftheLeaningTowerofPisa可知，伽利略跑到了比萨斜塔的塔顶。故C选项正确。54.考查形容词。A.big：大的；B.small：小的；C.similar：相似的；D.unequal：不均等的。此处表示使用了两块不同重量的石头，故D选项正确。55.考查名词。A.spirit：精神；B.skill：技能；C.theory：理论；D.wish：愿望。由后面的“ofgoingdirecttonature”可知，此处表示科学精神（sprint）。故A选项正确。56.考查名词。A.plans：计划；B.opinions：观点；C.world：世界；D.ability：能力。与后面“andtheoriesbyexperiment”中的theories呼应，此处表示通过实验证明我们的观点和理论。故B选项正确。57.考查动词。A.ledto：导致；B.turnedto：转向；C.setup：建立；D.putforward：提出。这里是说正是伽利略的这种精神使得现代科学能有所发现。结合语境。故A选项正确。58.考查动词。A.makes：使得；B.prevents：阻止；C.considers：考虑；D.promises：许诺。此处是说什么使这些人成为好的科学家。故A选项正确。59.考查形容词。A.reasonable：理智的；B.successful：成功的；C.expert：熟练的；D.sensitive：敏感的。此处是指成功的科学家。故B选项正确。60.考查动词。A.foreseen：预见；B.rejected：拒绝；C.produced：生产；D.challenged：挑战。根据语境，此处指那些科学家们的观察得出了更好的结果。故C选项正确。第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Thewarmweatheroutsidemaylookperfectforoutdoorexercise.Butforthose61arenotthatsporty,whatwouldbe62(nice)thanhavingrelaxingafternoonteawithafewgoodfriendsandtaking63break?Butareyoufamiliarwiththecultureofafternoonteaitsorigins,what64(include),andtheproperetiquette(礼仪)?WesumupafewthingsyouneedtoknowaboutthistraditionalEnglishcustomsothatyoucanenjoyitmore.Whilethetraditionof65(drink)teadatesbacktoabout3000BCinChina,itwasnotuntilthemid17thcenturythattheconceptof“afternoontea”first66(appear)intheUK.In1840,AnnaMariaRussell,theseventhDuchessofBedford,startedtoaskforateatraywithbutter,breadandcakesat4pmeveryday,67shefoundshewashungryatthattimeeverydayandtheeveningmealinherhousewasservedlateat8pm.Shefoundthisnewhabitdifficult68(break)andsooninvitedotherladiestojoinher.Thispauseforteaquicklybecameafashionablesocialevent.69the1880s,theupperclasswouldputongowns,70(glove)andhatsfortheirafternoontea.【答案】61.who 62.nicer 63.a 64.isincluded 65.drinking66.appeared 67.as/for/because 68.tobreak 69.During/In 70.gloves【解析】本文介绍了英式下午茶的起源。61.考查关系代词。分析句子的结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为those，指人，并在从句中做主语，应使用关系代词who引导。故填who。62.考查形容词的比较级。根据语境及空后的than可知，此处应使用比较级。故填nicer。63.考查冠词。takeabreak意为休息一下，是固定短语。故填a。64.考查动词的时态和语态。根据上下文可知，此处应用一般现在时；且此处表示被动，故填isincluded。65.考查非谓语动词。分析句子的结构可知，此处要用动词ing形式作介词of的宾语。故填drinking。66.考查时态。根据时间状语untilthemid17thcentury可知，此处用一般过去时。故填appeared。67.考查连词。根据语境可知，前后表示因果关系。故填as/for/because。68.考查非谓语动词。此处表示她发现这个新习惯难以改掉，根据空前表示性质的形容词difficult可知，这里应用不定式。故填tobreak。69.考查介词。During/Inthe1880s意为在19世纪80年代。故填During/In。70.考查名词复数。glove为可数名词，且其前没有限定词，故此处要用名词复数形式。故填gloves。第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一