Lesson2语法填空核心考点突破状语从句导学案-上海高考英语语法专项课

Lesson2语法填空考点2：状语从句知识点知识点讲解★状从本质用不同的连接词将几个分句连接起来，表达分句间特定的逻辑关系。状从种类常用连接词一、时间when,whenever,while,as,before/after,(ever)since,until,by+[time],hardly/just…when没来得及...就,nosooner…than一...就,assoonas,themoment,instantly,immediately一...就,thefirsttime+句子,eachtime,everytime二、地点where,wherever,anywhere,everywhere,nowhere三、原因because,as,since,seeingthat/nowthat/consideringthat,for,forthesakeof,forthereasonthat,inthat四、目的inorderthat,sothat,forthepurposethat,withtheaim/intentionofforfearthat,incase,lest五、结果so/suchthat,so/such…that六、条件if,unless,on(the)conditionthat,providing/provided(that),as/solongas,suppose/supposing(that),whatif,incase,giventhat七、让步though,although,evenif/eventhough,while,as倒装,whatever,whichever,wherever,whenever,whoever, however,nomatter,whether…or八、方式as,asif/asthough九、比较than,as…as.notso…as,themore…themore,(just)as…so…★时间状从1.when,while,as※when有一些特定含义：“突然，就”IhadbeenworkingacoupleofmonthswhenIhadaletterfromJane.常用于以下句型：was/weredoing+when… (正在做……突然间……)beaboutto…+when… (正要做……突然间……)hadn’tdone…+when…(还没……就突然……)e.g.Wewerehavingameetingwhenastrangerrushedin.我们在开会，突然一个陌生人闯了进来。Hewasabouttoleavewhenthetelephonerang.他正要离开，突然响了。Hehadnotfallenasleepwhentheteachercalledhim.他还没睡着，老师就把他叫醒了。※while有三个用法：(1).当……时候(进行时)(2).然而，而（并列）(3).尽管although※as有“随着”的含义：Asspringwarmsthegoodearth,allflowersbegintobloom.有“紧接着”的含义：Asweweregoingout,itbegantorain.还可以表示“因为”、“正如”、“作为”……2.beforebefore可以表示“才”或“就”。Shehadactedtheroleofagoodstudentforthreeyearsbeforetheteacherdiscoveredherlittleweaknesses.他俩认识七年才结婚。Theyhadknowneachotherforsevenyearsbeforetheygotmarried.他俩认识七天就结婚了。Theyhadknowneachotherforsevendaysbeforetheygotmarried.还有很久才：Itwillbe+时间段+beforesb.do还没多久就：Itwon’tbe+时间段+beforesb.do过了很久才：Itwas+时间段+beforesb.did没过多久就：Itwasn’t+时间段+beforesb.did还有很久才能见到你。 ItwillbelongbeforeImeetyou.还没多久就会见到你。 Itwon’tbelongbeforeImeetyou.过了很久才见到你。 ItwasalongtimebeforeImetyou.没过多久就见到了你。Itwasn’talongtimebeforeImetyou.3.since(1).since从句常用一般过去时，主句常用现完或现完进行。Electricityhasbeenwidelyusedsinceitwasdiscovered.IhavebeenlookingforwardtomeetingyousinceMartintoldme.(2).若since从句也用现完，那么表示since从句中的动作持续到说话的时刻。Shehasseldombeenoutsinceshehasbeenill.（尚未痊愈）Shehasseldombeenoutsinceshewasill.(已经痊愈)(3).it+时间，表示“自从……以来已经有多少时间”，since从句常用一般过去时，it主句常用一般现在时。Itisthreeyearssinceweenteredtheuniversity.4.untiltill,until常可换用，但till一般不用于句首。(1)肯定句，主句谓语动词为延续性动词。→我睡啊睡直到妈妈回来。Isleptandsleptuntilmumcameback.(2)否定句，主句谓语动词为瞬间性动词，意为“直到……才……”。→直到妈妈回来我才醒。Ididn’twakeupuntilmumcameback.(3)与强调句结合时，notuntil不分家，即Itis/wasnotuntil…that…→我们直到陷入麻烦才采取措施。Itisnotuntilweareintroublethatwetakemeasures/steps.5.by+时间，主句用完成时，强调“已经完成”(1).by+表示现在的时间，主句用现完。→迄今为止，我们已经认识十年了。Wehaveknowneachotherfortenyearsbynow .(2).by+表示过去的时间，主句用过完。→到我们去年毕业为止，我们已经认识十年了。Wehadknowneachotherforadecadebywegraduatedlastyear.(3).by+表示将来的时间（用一般现在/现完表示将来），主句用将完。→到我们毕业时，我们将会认识有十年了。Bythetimewegraduate,wewillhaveknowneachotherforadecade.6.“一…就…”系列hadhardlydone…whendid… 含义：还没有来得及……就…… hadnosoonerdone…thandid…含义：一……就…… →我一进教室就摔倒在地上。IhadnosoonerenteredtheclassroomthanIfellonthefloor.我还没来得及进教室就摔倒在地上。IhadhardlyenteredtheclassroomwhenIfellonthefloor.注意：否定意义的词在句首须部分倒装。→我还没来得及到家就下雨了。HardlyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.我一到家就下雨了。NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorain.→我直到失去时才追悔莫及。Notuntil IlostitdidIfeelregretful .★关于time的词组：※thefirst/last/nexttime,every/each/anytimethefirsttime=when…forthefirsttimeIthoughtherniceandhonestthefirsttimeImether.=IthoughtherniceandhonestwhenImetherforthefirsttime.※themoment/second/minute/instant一…就…，theday/week/month/year/morning/afternoonShecametothescenethemomentsheheardthenews.Imetherthedaythesunshonebrilliantly.★地点状从※注意区分where引导的状语从句和定语从句Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.（状从）Weshallgowhereworkingconditionsaredifficult.（状从）Weshallgototheplacewhereworkingconditionsaredifficult.（定从）※含有条件意味的地点状从：Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.→哪里有爱，哪里就有财富和成功。Wherethereislove,therearewealthandsuccess_.★原因状从1.because,since,for区别because：语气最强＞as，用于回答why。since,seeingthat/nowthat/consideringthat：“既然、鉴于”，表已知的原因。Sinceeverybodyishere,let’sbeginourlecture.Consideringthattheyarenewers,they’veacplishedalot.for：是一个并列连词，引出原因不能位于句首，表推测。Helookedexhaustedthismorning,for .inthat：不能位于句首，表某一方面的原因。Icouldunderstandhispointofview,inthatIhadbeeninasimilarpositionmyself.★目的状从1.forfearthat唯恐,incase,lest以防常用虚拟，其引出的目的状从用should/might并且可以省略。Iwilltakeanumbrellawithmeincaseit(should/might)rain.也可以不用虚拟：Iwilltakeanumbrellawithmeincaseitrains.★结果状从1.so/suchthat所以,so/such…that,如此…以至于…Hemadeawrongdecision,sothathalfofhispropertywaslost.It’ssuchaheavyboxthatnobodycanmoveit.‘Iransofar,sofast(that)prettysoon,Iwasallbymyself.’表结果 ‘Forrestran(so)thathewouldbeunworldly.’表目的 结果状从：so(that)目的状从：(so)that，从句中一般含有can/could,will/would等★条件状从1.“只要”系列：※on(the)conditionthat“在…条件下，只要”Youmaygoswimmingonconditionthatyoudon’tswimtoofarawayfromtheriverbank.※providing/provided(that)“如果，只要”We’llvisitEuropenextyearprovidedwehaveenoughmoney.※as/solongas“只要”2.“假设”系列：※suppose/supposing(that)“假如”Supposingthatyoufail,don’tloseheart,buttryagain.※whatif“如果…将会怎样”Whatifwecouldn’tgetthepreparationdoneintime?※incase“万一”，多位于主句前（引导目的状从，多位于主句后）IncaseIforget,pleaseremindmeofmypromise.3.giventhat“倘若，考虑到”，用于正式文体：Giventhatshehastriedherbest,youshouldn’tblameherforthefailure.Givenhisage,he’sreallyafastlearner.★让步状从1.though,although,while：均可置于句首、句中，仅though可置于句尾。(Al)thoughGodabandonedme,he'sstillwatching;(al)thoughGodkeptindifferenttomysuffering,he'sstillwatching.Iknowsomeoneintheworldiswaitingforme,(al)thoughIhavenoideaofwhoheis.ButIfeelhappyeverydayforthis.2.疑问词+ever或nomatter+疑问词能否替换？→不管你做什么，我都支持你。Whateveryoudo,Iwillsupportyou.或WhateverIhavedoneisforyou.Q：whatever在句中充当什么成分？哪一句的whatever可以用nomatterwhat替换？→Whoever/Nomatterwhoyouare,youwillbepunished.Whoeverhasdonethiswillbepunished.3.让步状从可以用as的倒装表示★方式状从1.as“就像”,justas“正如”WheninRome,doastheRomansdo. /Wemustactjustasthelawrequires.2/asif/asthough“好像”。常用虚拟，也可以不用虚拟。Theoldmanrunsveryfastasifhewereayoungman. /Themilksmellsasifitissour.★比较状从1.themore…themore句型，若接句子，前后均为陈述语序。→多劳多得。 Themorethebetter .→欲速则不达。 Morehaste,lessspeed .→结实愈丰者，其穗愈低。Themorehumble,themorenoble.2.as：倍数永远在前面。→ZhaoWei’seyesare twiceasbigas LinZhiling’s. twicebiggerthan twicethesizeof语法语法填空精选试题2024一模宝山区 (21)_____putersarecapableofcollectingandanalyzingfarmoreinformationthanhumanbeings,itmakessensethatorganizationswouldusethemforthispurpose.Key:Since2024一模宝山区 Butsomeopposeotherusesofbigdatabygovernments(30)_______________theymightimpactoncitizens'privacyinanattempttocontrolbehavior.Key:forfearthat2024一模崇明区 Sowillwegetaglimpsebackatthosemoments(25)_____westayedwithlovedonesandotherhappymemories? Key:when2024一模崇明区 DrZemmar,nowaneurosurgeonattheUniversityofLouisville,saidinthe30seconds(28)_____thepatient’sheartstoppedsupplyingbloodtothebrain,hisbrainwavesfollowedthesamepatternsaswhenwecarryouthighcognitivedemanding(高认知要求的)taskslikeconcentrating,dreaming,orrecallingmemories.Key:before2024一模虹口区 Catsarestressedbybeinginalab(26)__________________meaningfulbehavioralobservationsbeeimpossible. Key:sothat2024一模黄浦区 Ilikethissaying“Liveeverydayasifitwereyourlast.”Anyreminderthattimeisflyingisagoodone(26)_______itgetsyoutolivebetter. Key:if2024一模静安区 (27)_______thegovernmentmadeeffortstoincreasethenumbersofseniorcareworkers,thetargetnumberofforeigngraduateshasstillfallenflat,withthenationalcaregiverexaminationprovingamajorobstacletopass.Key:While/Although/Though2024一模金山区 Truthis(29)____________wehad,I’mnotsureIwouldhaverecognizedhimwithouthisprofilepicture. Key:evenif/though2024一模闵行区Listeningoutforanimalcallsisconsideredamethodofmeasuringthebiodiversityofapieceofland.(21)____________itismucheasierthandiggingunderthebusheslookingfortracks,suchanalysisistimeconsuming. Key:Eventhough/Evenif2024一模青浦区 Somanywantedtoparticipate(22)_______Peraltedecidedtocreateawebsiteforpeopletoaddtheirnamestothequeue.Key:that2024一模松江区 Usersshouldnotethat(30)______interestisnotchargedontheloan,they'llbehitwithlatefeesformissedpayments,whichcanaddupquickly.Key:though/although/while2024一模杨浦区 ShirleyandAnnieZhucameupwithasolution.In2017,whenHurricaneHarveydestroyedover100,000homesintheircity,Houston,thesistersgotinvolved.(27)_______helpingtoclearwaterfromafloodedsupermarket,theysawahugeamountoffoodbeingwasted. Key:While/When2024一模长宁区 ReneSpitz,anotedpsychologicalresearcher,foundthatinfantswhowereinaninstitutionalorphanageafterWorldWa