Unit4SpaceExplorationPeriod3ReadingForWriting（学案）-高一英语学与练（人教）

Book3Unit4SpaceExplorationPeriod3ReadingForWriting001预习导学Ⅰ.单词认读关(先填后记诵)基础词汇记其形1.地球，地球仪________________________ 2.论证，争辩__________________________3.肤浅的，浅的________________________4.模式，图案__________________________5.监视器，检测仪，监测，监控___________ 6.资源，财力，物力_____________________7.有限的_____________________________ 定期的，经常的______________________9.系，绑，贴___________________________ 10.分析n.___________________________【答案】1. globe2. argument3. shallow4. pattern5. monitor6. resource7. limited8. regular9. attach10. analysis二、核心词汇记中变__________adj．致命的；灾难性的(=_____________)→__________n．命中注定的事（尤指坏事）；命运的安排；命运__________adv．经常；定期地→________adj.定期的；经常的；正常的→________adj.不规则的；无规律的→__________n.规章,规则,条例_________n.限度;限制vt.限制;限定→_________adj.有限的→_________adj.无限的→_____________adj.无限制的;无止境的_____________n．神秘事物；谜→_____________adj.神秘的_____________n.和谐→_____________adj.和谐的_____________adj.足够的;充足的(=_________=_________)→_____________n.充足__________adj.效率高的→_________n.高效,效率____________adj.熟练的,流畅的→_____________n.流畅,流利________vt.缺乏;不足n.缺乏;不足→________adj.缺乏的,不足的__________vt.分析,分解,解释→→__________n.分析→复数形式:__________n.[pl]类似变法:_________(=________=__________=_________)vt.强调;加强语气;重读→__________n.强调;加强语气;重读→复数形式:_________n.[pl]___________n.资料；数据→____________n.[pl]资料___________n.媒介,手段,方法,工具adj.中等的,适中的→__________n.[pl]媒介_____________n.宇宙；世界；领域→_____________adj.全体的；广泛的,普遍的→_____________adv.attachvt.系上;贴上;使依附;使依恋→_____________n.附着,附属;喜欢…，系在…上_____________________________vt.描写,叙述→_____________n.描述,形容___________v.讲(故事),叙述→____________n.叙述,讲述→__________n.叙述者【答案】fataladj．致命的；灾难性的(=deadly)→faten．命中注定的事（尤指坏事）；命运的安排；命运regularlyadv．经常；定期地→regularadj.定期的；经常的；正常的→irregularadj.不规则的；无规律的→regulationn.规章，规则，条例limitn.限度;限制vt.限制;限定→limitedadj.有限的→unlimitedadj.无限的→limitlessadj.无限制的;无止境的mysteryn．神秘事物；谜→mysteriousadj.神秘的5.harmonyn.和谐→harmoniousadj.和谐的6.sufficientadj.足够的;充足的(=adequate=enough→sufficiency)n.充足efficientadj.效率高的→efficiencyn.高效,效率7.fluentadj.熟练的,流畅的→fluencyn.流畅，流利8.lackvt.缺乏;不足n.缺乏;不足→lackingadj.缺乏的,不足的9.analysevt.分析,分解,解释→analysisn.分析→复数形式:analysesn.[pl]类似变法:emphasize(=stress=highlight=underline)vt.强调;加强语气;重读→emphasisn.强调;加强语气;重读→复数形式:emphasesn.[pl]datumn.资料；数据→datan.[pl]资料mediumn.媒介,手段,方法,工具adj.中等的,适中的→median.[pl]媒介universen.宇宙；世界；领域→universaladj.全体的；广泛的,普遍的→universallyadv.attachvt.系上;贴上;使依附;使依恋→attachmentn.附着,附属;喜欢…,系在…上beattachedto…describevt.描写,叙述→descriptionn.描述,形容narratev.讲(故事),叙述→narrationn.叙述,讲述→narratorn.叙述者阅读词汇识其义Ⅱ.语块记诵关(先填后记诵)1.导致；造成___________________2.所以；结果（是）___________________3.提供生活所需___________________4.最后___________________5.用完；耗尽___________________6.浪费……做……___________________7.许多___________________8.努力做某事.___________________9.目前___________________答案：1.resultin2.asaresult3.provideforsb.4.inclosing5.runout6.waste...doing7.anumberof8.inone’sefforttodosth9.atpresent002语篇理解Presentanargumentaboutspaceexploration①Readtheargumentativeessayaboutspaceexplorationandanswerthequestions.1.Whyaresomepeopleagainstspaceexploration?__________________________________________________________________________________________Becausetheythinkitisawasteoftimeandmoney,andthatweshouldfeedtheworld’spoorandfindimmediatesolutionstootherproblems,suchaspollutionandfataldiseases,instead.Whathasspaceexplorationdoneforfoodproduction?__________________________________________________________________________________________Satellitesstudylandandweatherpatterns.Thesestudieshelpfarmersgrowmorecropsandwarnthemaboutnaturaldisastersbeforetheyoccur.WhatdidthepicturesofEarthfromspacemakepeoplerealise?__________________________________________________________________________________________Theymadepeoplerealizethatourplanetsresourcesarelimited.Howdoesspaceexplorationbenefittheproductsthatpeopleusenowadays?__________________________________________________________________________________________Advancedtechnologydevelopedforspaceexplorationhaspromotedtechnologicalimprovementsthatbenefitsusallbyallowingproductstobemadetoahigherstandard.HowtowriteanargumentativeessayPara1:开门见山，提出主题(1－2句)UsefulExpressionsandsentences.Wehadaheateddiscussionabout/on+话题.我们就……进行了热烈的讨论。2.Recently,…hasbroughtaboutaheateddiscussion.最近，……引起了热烈的讨论。3.Thereisawidespreadconcernovertheissuethat+句子.……问题引起了广泛的关注。人们对此有不同的看法4.Peoplehavetakendifferentattitudestowards+话题.5.Peopleholddifferentopinionsonthisproblem.6.Peopletakedifferentviewsonthismatter.7.Opinionsvaryfrompersontoperson.8.Opinionsaredividedonthequestion.Para2:表达不同的观点及其理由模板正方观点

Amajorityofpeopleapproveoftheopinionthat(正方观点).Fromtheirpointofview,therearesomefactorscontributingtothisattitude,whichareasfollows：inthefirstplace,(原因一)．Furthermore,(原因二)．反方观点

Onthecontrary,somepeopledifferintheiropinionsonthismatter.Theyholdtheviewthat(反方观点)．Ontheonehand,(原因一)．Ontheotherhand,(原因二)．

UsefulExpressionsandsentences1.Some/Most/Fewofthemholdtheopinionthat...他们中的一些/大多数/少数人认为。2.Some/Most/Fewofthemareinfavorof/fortheideathat...他们中的一些/大多数/少数人赞成……的观点。3.Peoplewhoareopposedto/againsttheideathinkthat...反对这个想法的人认为……。4.Somepeoplebelievethat...Othersarguethat...有些人认为……另一些人认为……5.However,theflipsideofthecoinis…….然而；另一个相反的观点是……。Para3:说明自己的观点UsefulExpressionsandsentences1.AsfarasIamconcerned,...……就我个人而言2.Frommyperspective,...……在我看来3.Frommypointofview,...……在我看来4.Inmyopinion,...……依我所见5.It’smyopinionthat+句子.我的看法是……6.Takingallfactorsintoconsideration,wemayetotheconclusionthat...把所有的因素加以考虑，我们可以得出这样的结论……。7.Inaword,onlythrough...canwehaveabrightfuture.总之，只有通过……我们才能有一个光明的未来。Sample:OuterSpaceExplorations,YESorNO?Wehadanargumentoverwhetheritisnecessarytocarryoutouterspaceexplorationsataclassmeetingtheotherday.Differentstudentshavedifferentattitudestowardsit.Someofusthinkit’simportanttoresearchtheouterspace.Firstofall，peoplecangetabetterunderstandingoftheouterspacethroughtheirexploration.Secondly,newresourcescanbefoundthereforhumanbeing.Thirdly,thisexplorationcanpossiblybringaboutnewlivingspaceforhumanlifeinthenearfuture.However,othersarestronglyagainstit.Theybelievethatittakessomuchmoneytodothiskindofexploration,whichisnotworththevalue.Besides,itisverydangerousforastronautstodosuchworkintheouterspace.Inmyopinion,peopleshouldbepioneering,andthereforesuchexplorationsintotheouterspaceareworthtryingout.003语言学习Part1核心词汇1.【词汇拓展】_________vt.系；绑；贴；(使)附属；(使)隶属→_________n．附件；喜爱；连接答案：attach,attachment【常用搭配】beattachedtosb/sth依恋；附属于；爱慕某人(某物)attachsthtosth把……附在……之上attachoneselftosb参加；和……在一起attachtosb/sth与……有联系attachimportanceto重视【即学即练】1.一把金属钥匙系在绳子上。Ametalkey______________________thestring.2.我认为这项研究十分重要。I___________________________________thisresearch.3.这些学校曾一度归教会主管。Atonetimetheschools________________________thechurch.答案：1.wasattachedto2.attachgreatimportanceto3.weremainlyattachedto2.【词汇拓展】_________vt.&vi.论证;争辩;争论→_________argumentn.争论;争辩答案：argue,argument【常用搭配】arguewithsb.(about/over/onsth.)(就某事)与某人争论arguefor/againststh. 据理赞成/反对某事 arguethat... 主张……;认为…… arguesb.intodoingsth. 说服某人做某事 arguesb.outofdoingsth. 说服某人不做某事 【即学即练】1.Fatherargued__________anincreaseinourpocketmoney.2.AsfarasIknow,theyargue___________therighttovote.3.Wetriedmanywaystoarguehim_________followingouradvice,butinvain.4.他们之间就解决这个问题的办法展开讨论。They___________________________thewayofdealingwiththeproblem.5.面对这样的争论,不同的人可能会有不同的意见。__________________________，differentindividualsmayetodifferentopinions.答案：1.against2.for3.into4.arguedwitheachotherabout5.Facedwithsuchanargument3.resultin导致；造成【常用搭配】resultfrom由……产生asaresultof由于……的原因asaresult结果;因此;所以，后面接表示结果的句子asaresultof...作为……的结果,其后面的部分表示原因，of后面接名词或动名词。withoutresult毫无结果【联想拓展】“导致”的意思，其同义词有cause(引起)，bringabout(引起；导致；致使)；leadto(导致)；contributeto(有助于；向……投稿)等。【即学即练】1.工作压力导致了他精神上的疾病。现在他的健康处于危险中。Workstress_______________hismentalillness.Hishealthisatrisknow.2.由于吃得太多,他肚子疼。Hisstomachache_____________hiseatingtoomuch.3.人们现在比过去享有更好的医疗服务，因此寿命更长了。Peoplehavebetteraccesstohealthcarethantheyusedto,and_____________,theylivelonger.4.由于这些问题,人口由1841年的820万减少到1851年的660万。__________________theseproblems,thepopulationfellfrom8.2millionin1841to6.6millionin1851.5.他是因为过度劳累而得了癌症。Hiscancer________________________theoverfulltiredness.→Theoverfulltiredness_________________hiscancer.答案：1.resultedin2resultedfrom3.asaresult4.Asaresultof5.resultedfrom,resultedinrunout用完;耗尽【联想拓展】runout用完；耗尽runacross偶然遇见(或看到)runat攻击runafter追赶；追求runfor竞选runinto遇到；撞上runoutof用完某物【知识拓展】辨析runout,runoutof,giveout,useuprunout“…用完了”,是不及物动词短语，其主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等名词runoutof“用完了”,是及物动词短语，表示主动意义，主语一般是人giveout“用尽;精疲力竭”，为不及物动词短语useup“用完;消耗尽”,为及物动词短语【即学即练】1.到交通通畅的时候,我们将已经用完汽油了。Bythetimethetrafficclears,wewillhave____________gas.2.她已经用完了钱,并且她的耐心也快耗尽了。Shehas_____________hermoneyandherpatienceisalso3.跑了那么长一段距离后,他的体力耗尽了。Hisstrength_____________afterheranthatlongdistance.4.我的钱用完了,所以我必须回家。Mymoneyhasbeen_______________，soIhavetoreturnhome.答案：1.runoutof/usedup2.runoutof/usedup3.gaveout4.usedupgloben.地球；世界；地球仪→_________adj.全球的，全世界的；全面的，整体的→_________adv.全球地；全局地；世界上【即学即练】Threelarge_________(globe)standonthefloor.地板上立着三个大地球仪。Itisbelievedthatgreenhousegasesarethemaincausesof_________(globe)warming.一般认为温室效应气体是导致全球变暖的主因。Today,asurbanpopulationexplodes__________(globe),citiesbeemorecrowded.今天，随着全球城市人口激增，城市变得更加拥挤。答案：globen.地球；世界；地球仪→globaladj.全球的，全世界的；全面的，整体的→globallyadv.全球地；全局地；世界上Threelargeglobesstandonthefloor.地板上立着三个大地球仪。Itisbelievedthatgreenhousegasesarethemaincausesofglobalwarming.一般认为温室效应气体是导致全球变暖的主因。Today,asurbanpopulationexplodesglobally,citiesbeemorecrowded.今天，regularlyadv.经常；定期地→__________adj.定期的；有规律的→__________adj.不规则的；不定期的→regulatev.规定→____________n.规章；规定onaregularbasis=regularly定期地【即学即练】Theequipmentischecked__________________.设备定期进行检查。Exercising____________(regular)willpaydividendsintheend.经常运动最终会对身体大有好处的。Allthepassengers,accordingtothenew____________(regulate),aretobeinspectedbeforeboardingthesubway.根据新规定，所有乘客在上地铁前都要接受检查。答案：8.regularlyadv.经常；定期地→regularadj.定期的；有规律的→irregularadj.不规则的；不定期的→regulatev.规定→regulationn.规章；规定onaregularbasis定期地①Theequipmentischeckedonaregularbasis.设备定期进行检查。②Exercisingregularlywillpaydividendsintheend.经常运动最终会对身体大有好处的。③Allthepassengers,accordingtothenewregulation,aretobeinspectedbeforeboardingthesubway.根据新规定，所有乘客在上地铁前都要接受检查。limitedadj.有限的→_____________n.限制；局限→_____________adj.无限的【即学即练】①Mylifeis____________(limit),butlearningis____________(limit).我的生命是有限的，但学习是无限的。②TheEUhassetstrict_____________(limit)onpollutionlevels.欧盟对污染程度订下了严格的限制。①答案：limitedadj.有限的→limitn.限制；局限→limitlessadj.无限的Mylifeislimited,butlearningislimitless.我的生命是有限的，但学习是无限的。②TheEUhassetstrictlimitsonpollutionlevels.欧盟对污染程度订下了严格的限制。Part2核心句型004随堂小练Part1动词的形式变化和词形转换1．Tony(purchase)aplaneticketformeinadvanceonlinebeforeIsetofffortheairport.【答案】hadpurchased【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在我出发去机场之前，托尼已经提前在网上为我买了一张机票。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，结合从句动词setoff以及before可知，此处主句动词应为在从句动作发生之前，为过去的过去，即过去为完成时。故填hadpurchased。2．Marydecidedtofindawaytoendthe(argue)withherhusband.【答案】argument【详解】考查名词。句意：玛丽决定想办法结束和丈夫的争吵。分析句子可知，空处作end的宾语，应用名词argument，意为“争吵，争论”，且此处应该是特指与丈夫的一次争吵，argument应用单数形式。故填argument。3．The(analyze)ofaproblemisthestartingpointforitssolution.【答案】analysis【详解】考查名词。句意：分析问题是解决问题的起点。作主语应用名词analysis，根据is可知为单数。故填analysis。4．Evenifyourtimeis(limit),dotakeexerciseregularlyto(strength)yourbody.【答案】limitedstrengthen【详解】考查形容词和动词。句意：即使你的时间有限，也要经常锻炼来增强你的身体。分析句子可知，空一置于系动词is后应用形容词作表语，根据句意填limited“有限的”；空二作目的状语用不定式形式，to是不定式符号，接动词原形strengthen“增强”，故填limited；strengthen。5．Inthefuture,oursmarthome(monitor)ourhealthforuseveryday.【答案】willbemonitoring【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在未来，我们的智能家居将每天为我们监测我们的健康状况。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语，所以monitor作本句谓语，根据时间状语Inthefuture，应该用一般将来时，以及everyday描述的是一直持续的状态，所以应是将来进行时。故填willbemonitoring。6．Ifeelthereissomething(lack)inmylife.【答案】lacking【详解】考查形容词。句意：我觉得我的生活中少了些什么。空处应用形容词，作something的后置定语。lacking表示“缺失的，”。故填lacking。7．Fortunately,shewasadmittedtoalocalhospital(attach)toakeyuniversity.【答案】attached【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：幸运的是，她住进了当地一所重点大学附属医院。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词hospital，attach和hospital为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填attached。8．Wemeet(regular),onceamonth,toexchangeideasaboutthenewlyreadbooks.【答案】regularly【详解】考查副词。句意：我们定期开会，每月一次，就新读的书交换看法。分析句子可知，设空处修饰动词meet，应用副词。故填regularly。9．Thehotelhasmanyspecial(facility)forwelingdisabledpeople.【答案】facilities【详解】考查名词复数。句意：这家旅馆有许多专门的接待残疾人的设施。由名词前的many可知，空处应使用其复数形式。故填facilities。10．Theeffectsof(globe)warming,whilenotimmediate,arepotentiallycatastrophic(灾难性的).

【答案】global【详解】考查形容词。句意:全球变暖的影响虽然不是立竿见影，但可能是灾难性的。分析句子结构可知，空处可使用形容词global（全球的）在句中作定语修饰名词warming，此处是专有名词globalwarming，意为“全球变暖”。故填global。Part2课文语法填空Somepeoplearguethatweshouldstopwastingtimeandmoneyexploringspace.Instead,weshouldfeedtheworld'spoorandfindimmediatesolutions1otherproblems,suchaspollutionandfataldiseases.However,othersfeelthisisashallowviewwhichfailstorealisenowexploringspacehelpsus.Firstly,2(explore)spacehasalreadymadeadifferenceinthefightagainstworldhunger.It

hasdirectlyresultedinthemanysatellitesthatnoworbitEarth.Anumberofthesatellites

recorddataonlandandweatherpatterns.

Thenthedataistransmittedtoscientistson

Earth.Aftercareful3(analyse),thescientists

canprovideusefulremendationsand

adviceforfarmers.Secondly,spaceexplorationhasalreadypromoted

technologicalimprovementsthatbenefitusall.

Highendproductsaroundtheworld4(make)

toahigherstandardnowbecauseofadvanced

technologywhichwasfirstcreated5(meet)the

requirementsforspaceexploration.Today,spacetechnologies

are6(wide)usedinallkindsofindustries,and

everydayproductssuchasGPS,memoryfoam

pillows,andsmartphonecamerasarechanging

ourlives.Finally,sendingastronautsintospacehashelped

peopletothinkabouttheworld'sproblemsand

eventofindwaystosolve7(they)Inordertoprovideforsucharapidly

increasingpopulation,scientistsaretrying8(find)otherplanets9()couldonedaybeournew

home.Thegreatestattentionatpresentison

MarsbecauseitisclosertoEarth.In10future

humansmayliveonbothplanets.Inclosing,

exploringspaceprovidestheworld

withmanydifferentbenefits.【答案】to2.exploring3.analysis4.aremade5.tomeet6.widely7.them.8.to

find9.that/which10.the005培优提升阅读理解AForanyastronauthopingtosurviveonthesurfaceofthemoon,growingcropswillbeessential.Now,scientistshavetaken“onesmallstep”towardsgrowingplantsonthelunarsurface,aftershowingit’spossibletogrowthalecress,asmallfloweringplant,inlunarsoil.Thefindingsraisehopesthatplantscouldbegrownonthemoonduringfuturespacemissions,andevenenablemankindtosetupalunarsettlement.“Forfuture,longerspacemissions,wemayusethemoonasalaunchingplatform,”explainedProfessorRobFerl.“Itmakessensethatwewouldwanttousethesoilthat’salreadytheretogrowplants.”Untilnow,scientistshavenotgrownplantsinthesoil.“So,whathappenswhenyougrowplantsinlunarsoil?Whatwouldplantsdoinalunargreenhouse?Couldwehavelunarfarmers?”ProfessorFerlquestioned.Toanswerthesequestions,researchersfromFloridasetouttoplantthalecressseedsinlunarsoil,addwater,nutrients,andlight,andseewhathappened.Theresearcherschosetousethalecressbecauseitsgeneticcodehasalreadybeenfullymapped.Forparison,theresearchersalsoplantedseedsinarangeofsoils,includingthosethatsimulateMartiansoils.Totheirdelight,theresearchersfoundthatnearlyalloftheseedsgrew.However,theydidobservedifferencesbetweentheplantsgrowninthelunarsoilandthosegrowninthecontrolsoils.Someoftheplantsgrowninthelunarsoilsweresmaller,whileothersgrewmoreslowlyorweremorevariedinsize.Growingplantsinlunarsoilsmayalsochangethemoonitself,accordingtoDr.StephenElardo.“Themoonisavery,verydryplace”,hesaid.Howwillmineralsinthelunarsoilrespondtohavingaplantgrowninthem,withtheaddedwaterandnutrients?Willaddingwatermakethemineralsfriendliertoplants?Theresearchershopetoanswerthesequestionsinfollowupstudies.13．What’sthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A．Thesignificanceofthefindings. B．Theplantsgrowninthelunarsoil.C．Themissionsoffuturespaceexploration. D．Thehopeforsettingupalunarsettlement.14．Whydidresearchersusethalecressintheexperiment?A．Itsgenesaresuitableforlunarsoil. B．Ithasalongevolutionaryhistory.C．Ithasbeentestedwithlunarsoilbefore. D．Peoplehaveagoodknowledgeofitsgenes.15．Whatdidresearchersfindabouttheplantsgrowninlunarsoil?A．Theyabsorbedfewnutrients. B．Theydidn’tgrowwellenough.C．Theygrewslowlyinthedark. D．Theyneededmorewatertogrowbigger.16．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．PreparingforFarmingontheMoonB．ConductingaStudyonLunarSoilC．GrowingPlantsinLunarSoilD．MakingLunarsoilfriendliertoplants【答案】13．A14．D15．B16．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要是说研究人员证明了在月球土壤中种植小型开花植物赤子姜是可能的以及这一研究结果的重要意义。13．主旨大意题。根据第二段的内容“Thefindingsraisehopesthatplantscouldbegrownonthemoonduringfuturespacemissions,andevenenablemankindtosetupalunarsettlement.“Forfuture,longerspacemissions,wemayusethemoonasalaunchingplatform,”explainedProfessorRobFerl.“Itmakessensethatwewouldwanttousethesoilthat’salreadytheretogrowplants.”Untilnow,scientistshavenotgrownplantsinthesoil.“So,whathappenswhenyougrowplantsinlunarsoil?Whatwouldplantsdoinalunargreenhouse?Couldwehavelunarfarmers?”ProfessorFerlquestioned.（这一发现为未来的太空任务在月球上种植植物带来了希望，甚至使人类能够在月球上建立定居点。“对于未来更长时间的太空任务，我们可能会把月球作为发射平台，”罗伯·费尔教授解释说。“我们想要利用已经存在的土壤种植植物是有道理的。”到目前为止，科学家还没有在土壤中种植植物。“那么，当你在月球土壤中种植植物时会发生什么?”植物在月球温室里会做什么?我们能有月球农民吗?”费尔教授问）”可知，第二段主要告诉我们这一研究结果的意义：为未来的太空任务在月球上种植植物带来了希望，甚至使人类能够在月球上建立定居点。故选A项。14．细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句话“Theresearcherschosetousethalecressbecauseitsgeneticcodehasalreadybeenfullymapped.（研究人员选择使用赤子姜是因为它的遗传密码已经被完全绘制出来了）”可知，研究人员选择用赤子姜做实验是因为研究人员完全了解它的基因。故选D项。15．细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“Forparison,theresearchersalsoplantedseedsinarangeofsoils,includingthosethatsimulateMartiansoils.Totheirdelight,theresearchersfoundthatnearlyalloftheseedsgrew.However,theydidobservedifferencesbetweentheplantsgrowninthelunarsoilandthosegrowninthecontrolsoils.Someoftheplantsgrowninthelunarsoilsweresmaller,whileothersgrewmoreslowlyorweremorevariedinsize.（为了进行比较，研究人员还在一系列土壤中播种，包括那些模拟火星土壤的土壤。令他们高兴的是，研究人员发现几乎所有的种子都生长了。然而，他们确实观察到在月球土壤中生长的植物和在对照土壤中生长的植物之间的差异。在月球土壤中生长的一些植物较小，而另一些植物生长较慢或大小变化较大）”可知，在月球土壤中种植的植物生长的较小、较慢或大小变化较大，生长的不好。故选B项。16．主旨大意题。本文主要是说研究人员证明了在月球土壤中种植小型开花植物赤子姜是可能的以及这一研究结果的重要意义。所以用C项“GrowingPlantsinLunarSoil”（在月球土壤中种植植物）作为本文的题目，与文章主题相符合。故选C项。BSettolaunchonOctober16,theLucyspacecraftisdesignedtostudyJupiter’sTrojanasteroids(小行星).Theseasteroidsaresmallbodiesleftoverfromtheformationofoursolarsystem’slargeplanets.TheyshareanorbitwithJupiterastheplanetgoesaroundthesun.Themission’saimistogathernewinformationaboutthesolarsystem’sformation4.5billionyearsago.Lucywillobserveeightasteroidsover12years.OneoftheeightasteroidsorbitsinwhatisknownastheAsteroidBelt,anareabetweenMarsandJupiter.Mostknownasteroidsorbitwithinthisarea.ThespacecraftwillalsoobservesevenTrojanasteroids.ScientistsconsidertheTrojanasteroidstobetheancientremainsoftheformationofthesolarsystem.TheyhavestayedcapturedinJupiter’sorbitforbillionsofyears.TheTrojanscirclethesunintwogroups.OnegroupleadsJupiterinitsorbitalpath,whiletheotherfollowsbehindit.Lucywillbethefirstspacecrafttovisittheseasteroids.ThespacecraftwasnamedLucyaftertheancientfossildiscoveredinEthiopiain1974.Lucywasoneofthemostfamousscientificfindsofthe20thcentury.Thecollectionofskeletalbonesgavescientistsabetterunderstandingoftheevolutionofhumans.CathyOlkin,thedeputyleadinvestigatorfortheLucymission,paredtheNASAspacecrafttotheLucyfossil.“JustliketheLucyfossiltransformedourunderstandingofhumanevolution,theLucymissionwilltransformourunderstandingofsolarsystemevolution.”shesaid.Thespacecraftisequippedwithseveralimaginginstrumentsdesignedtocaptureinformationaboutthepositionofmaterialsonthesurfaceofasteroids.Otherequipmentwillbeusedtorecordasteroidsurfacetemperaturesandmeasurethesizeoftheobjectsthespacecraftobserves.Lucywilldependonsolarpowertooperate.NASAsaysthemissionexpectstosetarecordbecauseLucywilltravelfartherfromthesunthananypastsolarpoweredspacecraft.LoriGlazeisthedirectorofNASA’splanetarysciencedivision.Shesaid“WhateverLucyfindswillgiveusvitalcluesabouttheformationofoursolarsystem.”17．WhatisthemissionoftheLucyspacecraft?A．ToexplorethesurfaceofJupiter.B．TocollectsoilsamplesfromMars.C．Tofindouttheoriginofsolarsystem.D．TosearchforlifeonTrojanasteroids.18．WhatcanwelearnaboutTrojanasteroidsfromparagraph2?A．TheyallorbitintheAsteroidBelt.B．Theywerediscovered12yearsago.C．TheysharethesameorbitwithJupiter.D．Theyaretheoldestplanetsinsolarsystem.19．Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A．TheinspirationforthenameofLucy.B．ThesignificanceoftheLucyfossil.C．TheintroductiontotheLucymission.D．CathyOlkin’sstudyonhumanevolution.20．WhatdoweknowabouttheLucyspacecraft?A．Ithasalargespaceinside.B．Itispoweredbysustainableenergy.C．Itmovesfasterwithitslowerweight.D．Itgetsclosertothesunthanotherspacecraft.【答案】17．C18．C19．A20．B【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了“露西”号宇宙飞船将于10月16日发射，旨在研究木星的特洛伊小行星。17．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Themission’saimistogathernewinformationaboutthesolarsystem’sformation4.5billionyearsago.(该任务的目的是收集关于45亿年前太阳系形成的新信息)”可知，Lucy太空飞船此次的任务是收集关于45亿年前太阳系形成的新信息。故选C。18．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“ThespacecraftwillalsoobservesevenTrojanasteroids.ScientistsconsidertheTrojanasteroidstobetheancientremainsoftheformationofthesolarsystem.TheyhavestayedcapturedinJupiter’sorbitforbillionsofyears.TheTrojanscirclethesunin1wogroups.OnegroupleadsJupiterinitsorbitalpath,whiletheotherfollowsbehindit.(该航天器还将观测7颗特洛伊小行星。科学家们认为特洛伊小行星是太阳系形成的古代遗迹。它们在木星轨道上被捕获了数十亿年。特洛伊人分成两组绕太阳转。一组在木星的轨道上引领木星，而另一组紧随其后)”可推断，特洛伊小行星和木星拥有共同的轨道。故选C。19．主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“ThespacecraftwasnamedLucyaftertheancientfossildiscoveredinEthiopiain1974.Lucywasoneofthemostfamousscientificfindsofthe20thcentury.Thecollectionofskeletalbonesgavescientistsabetterunderstandingoftheevolutionofhumans.CathyOlkin,thedeputyleadinvestigatorfortheLucymission,paredtheNASAspacecrafttotheLucyfossil.“JustliketheLucyfossiltransformedourunderstandingofhumanevolution,theLucymissionwilltransformourunderstandingofsolarsystemevolution.”shesaid.(这艘宇宙飞船以1974年在埃塞俄比亚发现的古化石“Lucy”命名。Lucy是20世纪最著名的科学发现之一。骨骼的收集使科学家们更好地了解了人类的进化。“Lucy”号任务的副首席研究员CathyOlkin将美国宇航局的宇宙飞船与“Lucy”号化石进行了比较。“就像Lucy化石改变了我们对人类进化的理解一样，Lucy任务将改变我们对太阳系进化的理解。”她说。)”可知，第三段主要解释了Lucy号宇宙飞船名字的由来——以1974年在埃塞俄比亚发现的古化石“Lucy”命名的。故选A。20．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Lucywilldependonsolarpowertooperate.(Lucy将依靠太阳能来运行。)”可知，Lucy号将依靠太阳能来运行，也就是说Lucy号是由可持续能源驱动的。故选B。CThe17Sustainable(可持续)DevelopmentGoslsoftheUnitedNationsgiveusopportunitiesofourtimeopportunitiestoterminateextremepoverty,tomakesurethateveryonecangetfoodandcleanwater.Infact,therearemanyspaceservicesthatcanhelpuspursuetheSustainableDevelopmentGoals.municationsatellitesmakeitpossibletomakeaphonecallandhaveInternetserviceonEarth.Thisisparticularlyimportantduringtimesofdisasterrecovery,WhenTyphoonHaiyanstruckthePhilippines,thelocalmunicationnetworksneededtoberepaired,andteamsbroughtinmunicationtoolsthatcouldconnectwithsatellites.Thiswasusefulduringthetimeofrepairandrecovery.Inspace,wehavealaboratoryontheInternationalSpaceStation.Thevehicleandeverythinginsideareinaformoffreefallaroundtheearth,andtheydon’texperiencetheeffectofgravity.Andbecauseofthis,wecallit“microgravity(微重力)”.Whenastronautsareinthemicrogravityenvironment,theirbodiesreactasifthey’reagingrapidly.Theirbonesandmusclesweaken,andthesystemsoftheirbodieschange.Asscientistsstudyhowtokeepastronautshealthyinspace,wecantaketheexercisesandtechniquesweuseforastronautsandtransfer(转用)themtoimproveourhealthhere.Often,aswedevelopte