2024年高考英语二轮复习第二部分阅读能力突破篇专题一阅读理解第9讲体裁破解-新闻报道

第二部分阅读能力突破篇专题一阅读理解第9讲体裁破解——新闻报道高频考点·研析透模拟精练·提考能高频考点·研析透新闻报道一般突出新闻性，作者要避免对该新闻事件进行主观判断和评价。新闻报道的内容真实、新鲜、及时,趣味可读,时效性强。第一句往往为全文的中心句，下文要叙述事件的过程和细节。新闻报道的一些常用语包括:Itisreportedthat...,Asisreported...，Accordingtothereport...,Itisestimatedthat...等,时态一般用过去时，语言客观平实，往往没有过分花哨的词汇和过于复杂的句型。辨明题类新闻报道主要是提供事实信息，一般是简单叙述事件发生的五要素及各方反应，很少探究事件背后的原因。因此，做题时要关注新闻报道的结构和细节，题型主要为观点推断题、考查语篇衔接、推断某一特定词或者短语的指代内容或主旨归纳题。技法点拨1．研读导语：首段通常是导语，说明文章的中心人物或事件，即文章的主题。2．直击题干：判断题目类型，找出定位词。3．定位信息：根据定位词，在原文中找出关键句，对照选项确定答案。真题体验(2023·浙江1月卷C)Amachinecannownotonlybeatyouatchess,itcanalsooutperformyouindebate．Lastweek,inapublicdebateinSanFrancisco,asoftwareprogramcalledProjectDebaterbeatitshumanopponents,includingNoaOvadia,Israel'sformernationaldebatingchampion．Brilliantthoughitis,ProjectDebaterhassomeweaknesses．Ittakessentencesfromitslibraryofdocumentsandprebuiltargumentsandstringsthemtogether．Thiscanleadtothekindsoferrorsnohumanwouldmake．Suchwrinkleswillnodoubtbeironedout,yettheyalsopointtoafundamentalproblem．AsKristianHammond,professorofelectricalengineeringandcomputerscienceatNorthwesternUniversity,putit:“There'sneverastageatwhichthesystemknowswhatit'stalkingabout．”WhatHammondisreferringtoisthequestionofmeaning,andmeaningiscentraltowhatdistinguishestheleastintelligentofhumansfromthemostintelligentofmachines．Acomputerworkswithsymbols．Itsprogramspecifiesasetofrulestotransformonestringofsymbolsintoanother．Butitdoesnotspecifywhatthosesymbolsmean．Indeed,toacomputer,meaningisirrelevant．Humans,inthinking,talking,readingandwriting,alsoworkwithsymbols．Butforhumans,meaningiseverything．Whenwecommunicate,wecommunicatemeaning．Whatmattersisnotjusttheoutsideofastringofsymbols,buttheinsidetoo,notjusthowtheyarearrangedbutwhattheymean．Meaningemergesthroughaprocessofsocialinteraction,notofcomputation,interactionthatshapesthecontentofthesymbolsinourheads．Therulesthatassignmeaninglienotjustinsideourheads,butalsooutside,insociety,insocialmemory,socialconventionsandsocialrelations．Itisthisthatdistinguisheshumansfrommachines．Andthat'swhy,howeverastonishingProjectDebatermayseem,thetraditionthatbeganwithSocratesandConfuciuswillnotendwithartificialintelligence．31．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph？____

A．Socialinteractioniskeytounderstandingsymbols．B．Thehumanbrainhaspotentialyettobedeveloped．C．Ancientphilosopherssetgoodexamplesfordebaters．D．Artificialintelligenceensureshumansabrightfuture．【解题示范】第一步：浏览全文

把握主旨大意：本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍的是在辩论中战胜人类的名为ProjectDebater的软件程序；第二步：题干定位：根据题干中的关键词：thelastparagraph定位段落；第三步：分析信息：根据最后一段“Meaningemergesthroughaprocessofsocialinteraction,notofcomputation,interactionthatshapesthecontentofthesymbolsinourheads．Therulesthatassignmeaninglienotjustinsideourheads,butalsooutside,insociety,insocialmemory,socialconventionsands