2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题

绝密★启用前

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

英语

注意事项；

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准芍证号填写在芥题卡匕

2.回答选押题时，选出年小题答案后，用铅密把答物KI.时应电目的答案标号涂

黑.如需改动，用橡皮擦卜净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答#选择题时,将答案写在

答题k上，曾在本试卷上无效.

3.考试结束后,格本试卷和答题卡一并交回.

第一部分听力,共两节,满分30分）

做题时,先将答案标本试卷上,录音内容结束后.你将仔两分钟的时间将试卷上的

答案转涂到答题R匕

第节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听卜,面5段对话,用段对话后有一个小遮，从遨中所给的A、B,C二个选项中选

出最佳选项.听完句段对话后，你都有I。秒钟的时间*＞喀有关小题和阕读下小题.

每段对话仅读•通.

例：Howmuchistheshin?

A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.

答案是C,

1.WhaiwillJamesdotomorrow?

A.WatchaTVprogram.B.Giveatalk.C.Writeareport.

2.Whatcanwesayaboutthewoman?

A.She'sgenerous.B.She'scurious.C.She'shelpful.

3.Whendoesthetrainleave?

A.At6;30.B.At8:30.C.At10:30.

4.Howdoesthewomangotowork?

A.Bycar.B.Onfoot.C.Bybike

5.Whaiistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers0

A.ClassmatesBTeacherandstudent.C.Doctorandpatient.

英语试题第1页（共12页）

第二节（共15小题：每小题L5分，满分22.5分）

所下面5段对话或独白.每段对i?；或独白后有几个小题.从题中所给的A、B、C

三个选项中选出最隹选项.听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5

杪钟：听完后，各小选将给出5杪钟的作答时间e每段对话或独白读两遍.

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.Wlialdocsthewomanregret?

A.Givingupherresearch.

B.Droppingoutofcollege.

C.Changinghermaior.

7.Whatisthewomaninterestedinsiudyingnow?

A.Ecology.B.Education.C.Chemistry.

听第7段材料,回答第段9题.

8.Whatistheman?

A.Ahotelmanager.B.Atourguide.C.Ataxidriver.

9.Whatis(hemandoingibrthewoman?

A.Lookingforsomelocalfoods.

B.Showingheraroundtheseaside

C.Offeringinformationaboutahotel.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10.Wheredoestheconversationprobablylakeplace?

A.Inanoffice.B.Alhome.C.Atarestaurant.

11.Whaiwillthespeakersdotomorrowexening?

A.Goioaconcert.B.Visilafriend.C.Workextrahours.

12.WhoisAlicegoingtocall?

A.Mike.B.Joan.C.Catherine.

听第9段材料，问答第13至16题.

13.Whydocsthewomanmeettheman?

A.Tolookatanapartment.

B.Todeliversomelumilurc.

C.Tohaveamealtogeiher.

英语试题第2页（共12页）

14.Whatdocstheuomanlikeaboutthecarpel?

A.Itscolor.B.Itsdesign,C.Itsquality.

15Whatdoesthemansayabouttheknchen<,

A.Ifsagoodsize.Bh'snewlypainted.C.Il'sadcqiiaiclyequipped

16.Wliatwillthewomanprobablydonext?

A.Godowntown.B.Talkwithherfriend.C.Makepaymcnl.

听第10段材料.问答第17至20翘。

17.Whoisthespeakerprobablytalkingto?

A.Moviefens.B.Newsreporters.C.Collegestudents.

18.WhendidthespeakertakeEnglishclasses”

ABeforehelefthishometown

BAfterhecametoAmerica

CWhenhewas15yearsold

19.Howdoesthespeakerfeelabouthisteacher?

A.Hesproud.B.He'ssympathetic.C.He'sgrateful.

20Whaldocsthespeakertnainlytalkabout9

A.Howeducationshapedhisliie

BHowhislanguageskillsimproved.

C.Howhemanagedhisbusinesswell.

第二部分阅读理解共两节,满分40分）

第一节（共15小题：每小脚2分,满分30分）

向读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个迭项中，选出最佳选项c

A

Washington.D.C.BicycleToun»

CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.

Duration:3hours

Thissmallgroupbikelourisalaniasticwayioseotheworld-famouscherrytreeswnh

bcauliliilflowersofWashington.D.C.Yourguidewillprovideahislorylessonaboutthetrees

and（hefamousmonumentswheretheyblossomReserveyourspotbeforeavailabilityand

thecherryblossomsdisappear!

英语试题第3页（共1251）

WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour

Duration.3hours(4miles)

JoinaguidedbiketourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumentsinWashington,

D.C.ExplorethemonumentsandmemorialsontheNationalMallasyourguidesharesunique

factsandhistoryaleachstop.Guidedlourincludesbike,hclincl,cookiesandbowledwater.

CapitalCityBikeTourinWushingtim,D.C.

Duration.3hours

MorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourforDC.newcomersandlocals

lookingioexperienceWashington.D.C.inahcallliywaywiihminimumellbrt.

KnowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwilhthemostinterestingsloricsaboutPresidents,

Congress,rnemorials,andparks.Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute(路线)make

cyclingbelueeuthesitesfunandrelaxing.

\Va5*hinj>tonCapitalSiteatBicycleTour

Duration.3hours(7miles)

JoinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington,

D.C.Gelupcloselothemonumentsandmemorialsasyoubike(hesitesofCapitolHilland

theNationalMall.Frequentslopsaremadelorphototakingasyourguideoffersuniquefacts

andhistoryTourincludesbike：helmet,andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwith

reflectivevestsandsafetylights.

21Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance?

A.CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.

B.WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour

C.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington.D.C.

D.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.

22.WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour0

A.Meetfamouspeople.B.Goloatiationalpark.

C.Visitwell-knownmuseums.D.Enjoyinterestingstories.

23.Whichofthefollowingdoes【hebicyclelouratmghiprovide?

A.Citymaps.B.Cameras.

C.Meals.D.Safetylights.

英语戌题第4页（共12页）

B

GoodMorningBntairVsSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaevery

morning,butsheiscookingupaslorminherlatestroleshowingfamilieshowIoprepare

deliciousandnuiriliousmealsonndghibudgel.

InSaveMoney'：GoodFood、shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpof

chefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesfor

under£5perfamilyaday.Andthe（温dMorningBritainpresentersaysshe'sbeenableto

puta1oiofwhatshe'slearntintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam.14,

Finn.13,andJack.11.

“WeloveMexicanchunos,soIbuythemonmyphonefromtnylocalMexican

takeawayrestaurant,“sheexplains.fcklpayt5loraportion（•份）.butMattmakesthemfor

26paportion,becausetheyarcflour,water,sugarandoil.Everybodycanbuytakeawayfood,

butsometimeswe'renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves/,

Theeight-partseries（系列节目）,SawMoney:GoodFood,followsinthefoolslepsof

ITV'sSineMoney.（roodHealth,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogelvalueGointhe

vastrangeofhealthproductsoudieiiimkel.

Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouseholdexpense.SusannaandMallspendlimewitha

dinerenliannlyeachweek.Intonight'sEasterspecialtheycometotheaidofafamilyinneed

ofsomedeliciousinspirationonabudget.Theteamtransformsthelanulyslongweekendof

celebrationwithlessexpensivebutstilllasiyrecipes.

24.WhatdoweknowubomSusannaReid?

A.Sheenjoysembarrassingherguests.B.Shehasstartedanewprogramme.

C.Shedislikesworkingearlyinthemorning.D.Shehashadatightbudgetforherfiunily

25.HowdocsMauIcbbuiihelpSusanna?

A.HebuyscookingmaterialsforherB.Hepreparesfoodforherkids

CHeassistshermcookinginaners.D.Heinvitesguestfamiliesforher.

26.Whaidocsihcauthorintendtodoinparagraph4?

A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.B.Providesomeadviceforihcreaders.

C.AddsomebackgroundinformationDIntroduceanewtopicfordiscussion.

27\Vhaicanbeasuitabletitle（orihctext?

A.KeepingFitbyEalingSmartB.BalancingOurDailyDiet

C.MakingYourselfaPerfectChefD.CookingWellforLess

英语试典第5页（共12页）

c

Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimesthere

hasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedby

huntcr-gathcrcrs,small,tightlyknit(II大系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsof'speech

independentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,00()yearsago、whenthe

worldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem

Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowniobecomefanners,and

theirlanguagesloobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumberInrecentcenturies,trade,

indusnialisarion,thedevelopmentofthenation-siateandThespreadofuniversalcompulsory

education,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastlewdecades,all

havecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominanilanguagessuchasEnglish.Spanish

andChinesearcincreasinglytakingover.

Alpresent,theworldhasabout6,8(M)languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesis

hugelyuncscn.Thegeneralruleisthatnuldzoneshaverclati\clyfewlanguages,often

spokenbymanypeople,whilehoi,wet/oneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.

Europehasonlyaround200languages;thez\mericasaboutLOGO：Africa2,400;andAsiaand

ihcPacificperhaps3,200.ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwelloxcr800.The

mediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6,00。，whichmeansihathalftheworld's

languagesarcspokenbyfeucrpeoplethanihat.

Alreadywellover40()ofthetotalof6,800languagesarcclosetoextinction(消亡),with

onlyafeuelderlyspeakerslefi.Pick,alrandom,BusuuinCameroon(eightremaining

speakers).ChiapanccoinMexico(150).LipanApacheintheUnitedStates(twoorthree)or

WadjiguinAustralia(one,withaquestion-mark):noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchance

ofsurvival.

28.Whalcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhunlcr-gathcrcrlimes7

A.Theydevelopedveryfast.BTheywerelargeinnumber

C.Theyhadsimilarpatterns.D.Theywerecloselyconnected.

29.Whichofihcfollowingbestexplains"dominanl"underlinedinparagraph2?

A.Complex.B.Advanced.

C.PowcrfiilD.Modern.

30.Howmanylanguagesarcspokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent?

A.About6.800.BAbout3,400.

C.About2,400.D.About1,200.

英语试题第6页（共12页）

31Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A.Newlanguageswillbecreated

B.People'slifestylesarereflectedinlanguages.

C.Humandevelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages

D.Geographydetermineslanguageevolution.

D

Wemaythinkwe'reaculturethatgelsridofourworntechnologyatthefirstsightof

somethingshinyandnew,butanewstudyshowstliatwekeepusingourolddevices（装置）

wellaftertheygooutofstyle.Thaisbadnewslorthecnviromncni-andourwallcis-as山esc

ouidaicddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythantheneweronesthatdothesamethings.

Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesarcusing,CallieBabbittandhercolleagues

altheRochesterInstituteofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedtheenvironm€ulalcostsforeach

productthroughouiitslife-fromwhenitsmineralsarcminediowhenweslopusingihcdevice.

1hismethodprovidedareadoutforhowhomeenergyusehasevolvedsincetheearly1990s

Devicesweregroupedbygeneration.Desktopcomputers,basicmobilephones,andbox-set

TVsdefined1992.Digitalcamerasarrivedonthescenein1997.AndMP3players,smartphones,

andLCDI"Vsenteredhomesin2（X）2,beforetabletsandc-rcadcrsshowedupin2（X）7.

Asweaccumulatedmoredevices,however,wedidntllirowoutouroldones."The

living-roomtelexisionisreplacedandgetsplaniedinihckids'room,andsuddenlyoneday.

youhaveaTVineveryroomofthehouse,'saidoneresearcher.Theaveragenumberof

electronicdevicesrosefromfourperhouseholdin1992to13in2007.We'renoiius（keeping

theseolddeviceswecontinuetousethem.AccordingtoiheanalysisofBabbitt'steam,old

desktopmonitorsandboxTVswithcathoderaytubesarctheworstdeviceswiththeirenergy

consumptionandcontributiontogreenhousegasemissions（排放）morethandoublingduring

ihc1992io2007window.

Sowhat'sthesolution（解决方案）?Theteam'sdataonlywentupto2007,butthe

researchersalsoexploredwhatwouldhappenifconsumersreplacedoldproductswithnew

electronicsthatservemorethanonefunction,suchasatabletforuordprocessingandTV

viewing.Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVs

anddesktopcomputerscouldculenergyconsumptionby44%.

32.Whaldocstheauthorthinkofnewdevices?

A.Theyareenvironmeni-friendly.B.Theyarenobetterthantheold

C.Theycostmoretouseathome.D.Theygooutofstylequickly

英谙武题第7页（共12贝）

33.WhydidBabbiU'steamconducttheresearch?

A.Toreducethecosiofminerals.

B.Totestllielifecycleofaproduct.

CToupdateconsumersonnwtechnology

D.「0findoutclcciricilyconsumptionofthedevices.

34.Whichofthefollowingusestheleastenergy?

AThebox-seiTV.B.Thetablet.CTheLCDTV.D.Thedesktopcomputer.

35.Whatdocsthetextsuggestpeopledoaboutoldelectronicdevices?

A.StopusingthemBTakethemapart.

C.Upgradethem.D.Recyclethem.

笫二节（共5小题.每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选顼中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为

多余选项,

Colorislundamcntalinhomedesignsomcihingyou'llalwayshaveineveryroom.A

graspofhowlomanagecolorinyourspacesisoneofihcfirststepstocrcalingroomsyou,ll

love（olivein.Doyouwantaroomthat'shilloflife?Professional?Orarcyoujustlooking

foraplaceiorelaxafteralongday?36一.coloristhekeytomakingaroomfeeldie

wayyouwantitiofeel.

Overtheyears,therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesigners

approachthisimportantpoint37.theycangetalittlecomplex.Butgoodnewsisthat

there'rereallyonlythreekindsofdecisionsyouneedtomakeaboutcolorinyourhome:the

smallones,ihcmediumones,andthelargeones.

—38.They'rethelittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows,mirrorsandbasketsthat

mostofususetoaddvisualinterestioourrooms.Lesstiringthanpaintingyourwallsand

lessexpensivethanbuyingacolorfiilsofa,smallcolorchoicesbringwiththemthesignificant

benefitofbeingeasilychangeable

Mediumcolorchoicesarcgenerallyfiirnitiircpiecessuchassofts,dinnertablesor

bookshelves.39.Theyrequireabiggerconunilincntthansmallerones、andtheyhave

amorepowcifulcllcclonthefeelingofaspace

Thelargecolordecisionsinyourroomsconcernihcwalls,ceilings,andfloors.Whcihcr

you'relookingatwallpaperorpaint,thetime,effortandrelativeexpenseputintoitarc

significant.40.

英语试题第8页（共12页）

A.Whileailofihcmarcuseful

B.Whateveryou'relookingfor

C.Ifyou'reexperimentingwithacolor

D.Smallcolorchoicesarctheoneswe'remostfamiliarwith

E.It'snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpieces

F.Soitpaystobesure,becauseyouwanttogetitrij»htthefirsttime

G.Colorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways

第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第•节（共20小题;每小题L5分,满分30分）

阅读卜面短文.从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中.选出可以填入空

门处的最隹选项.

Dunngmysecondyearat（hecilycollege,Iwas（old（hattheeducationdcparlmcnlwas

oHeringa''free'、course,calledThinkingChess,forthreecrcdils.I41theideaof

takingiheclassbecause,afteralluhodoesn'twantto42afewdollars?Morethandial,

rdalwayswarnedtoIcamchess.AndevenifIweren't43enoughaboutfreecredits,

newsaboutour44wasappealingenoughtome.Hewasaninternationalgrandmaster,

which45Iwouldbelearningfromoneofthegame's46.Icouldhardlywaitto

47him.

MauriceAshleywaskindandsmart,aformergraduatereturningtoteach,andthis

48wasnogameforhim;hemeantbusiness.Inhisintroduction,hemadeit45L

thatourcreditswouldbehard-earnedInorderto50iheclass,amongothercriteria,we

hadtowriteapaperonhowweplanto51whatwewouldIcaminclasstoourfiiturc

professionsand.52,toourlives.1managedtogetanAmiliat53andlearnedlife

lessonsdialhaveservedmewellbeyonddie54

TenyearsaftermychessclasswilhAshley.I'mstillpullingtousewhathe55me:

“Theabsolutemostimportant56thatyouIcamwhenyouplaychessishowtomake

good57.Oneverysinglemoveyouhaveto58asituation,processwhatyour

opponent（对手）isdoingand59thebestmovefromamongallyouropl】。*."Fhese

wordsstillringtruetodayinmy60asalournalisu

英语试题第9页（共12页）

4J.A.putforwardB.jumpedatC.triedoutDturneddown

42.A.wasteB.earnC.saveDpay

43.AexcitedBuorriedC.movedDtired

44.AtitleB.competitorC.textbookDinstructor

45.A.urgedB.demandedC.heldD.meant

46.A.fastestB.easiestC.bestD.raresi

47.A.interviewB.meetC.challengeDbeat

48.A.chanceB.qualificationC.honorDjob

49.A.realB.pcrfcclC.clearDpossible

5().A.attendB.passC.skipD.obsene

51AaddBexposeC.applyDcompare

52.A.eventuallyB.naturallyC.directlyDnormally

53.A.gameB.presentationC.courseD.experiment

54.AcriterionB.classroomC.departmentDsituation

55.A.taughtB.wroteC.questionedDpromised

56.A.factB.slcpC.mannerD.skill

57.A.gradesB.decisionsC.impressionsDcomments

58.AanalyzeB.describeC.rebuildDcontrol

59.A.announceB.signalC.blockDevaluate

60.A.roleB.desireC.concernDbehavior

第.节（共1。小题；每小题L5分，满分15分）

阅读卜,面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears61

(long)thannon-ninncrs.Youdorfthavetonmfastorfbrlong62(see)thebenefit.You

maydrinksmoke,beoverweightandslillreduceyourriskof63(die)earlybyrunning.

Whilerunninyregularlycan'tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysil-4(be)

moreeffectiveatlengtheninglife65walking,cyclingorswimming.Twooftheauthors

ofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin201466showedamerefiveto10minutes

adayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall67(cause).

英附试题第10页（共12页）

Thebestexerciseisonethatyouenjoyandwilldo.Buioiheisc...it'sprobably

running.Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfaces,doexercisesto6X（strength）

yourlegmuscles（肌肉）,avoidhillsandgelgoodrunningshoesRunningischeap,easyand

il*salways69（energy）.Ifyouarelimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetoget

thesamebenefitsasothersports,soperhapsweshouldallgive7（）atry.

第四部分写作,共两节，满分35分）

第一节短文改借（共10小题：征小题I分.满分】。分）

假定英语课上老帅要求同克之间交换修改作文.诂你修改你同桌U的以下作工文中

共有10处语子错误，用句中最多有两处,挣处错误仅涉及•个单词的增加、制除或修

改。

增加：G缺词处加个漏字符号（八）.并在其下面写出该加的词e

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的诃下划一横线,并在该词下而写出修改后的K

注意，1.每处错误及其修改均仅限M

2.只允许修改10处,多者（从第U处起）不计分。

Duringmylastwinterholiday.IwenttocountrysidewithmyCathertovisit

mygrandparents.1findabigchangetlicrc.Thefirsttimeiwentthere,theywere

livinginasmallhousewithdogs,ducks,andanotheranimals.Lastwinterwhen

1wenthereagain,theyhadabigseparatehousetoraisedozensofchicken.Theyalso

hadasmallpondwhichtheyraisedfish.Mygrandpasaidlastsummertheyearned

quitealolbysellihcfish.Ifellhappilythattheirlifehadimproved.Attheendof

ourtrip,ItoldmyfatherthatIplannedtoreturnforeverytwoyears,butheagreed

英语试题第11页（共12页）

第二节书面表达（满分25分）

假定你足李华，你的新西兰朋友Terry招去中国朋友家做客，发邮件向你泡问有关

习俗,请你问复邮件，内容包括：

1.到达时间；

2.合适的礼物；

3.餐桌礼仪.

注意：

I.词一100左右;

2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯e

**率**事事率本本本率*本率字拿**孝本*率不方率率率率1****率率本率*本本率率**本本*塞***本本本率：*拿本本率

考试机构工作人员注意：以下内容不能印在试卷上。

请将"DearTerry/按下面格式为印在答题K上相应的区域。谙将“BesLLiHua”

按卜面格式放在底端.

DearTerry,

Best,

LiHua

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

英语试题参考答案

第一部分听力

l.B2.C3.C4.B5.A

6.B7.A8.B9.C10.C

II.A12.BI3.A14.A15.C

16.BI7.C18.B19.C20.A

阅读理解

2nA

c22.D23.D24.B25.C

2o-

c27.D28.B29.C30.B

31

3xB32.A33.D34.B35.A

o37.A38.D39.G40.F

第三部分语言知识运用

41.B42.C43.A44.D45.D

46.C47.B48.D49.C50.B

51.C52.A53.C54.B55.A

56.D57.B58.A59.D60.A

61.longer62.tosee63.dying64.is65.than

66.that/which67.causes6X.strengthen69.energetic7().itrunning

第四部分写作

第一节

Duringmylastwinterholiday.IwenttoAcountrysidewithmyfathertovisil

the

mygrandparents.Ifindabigchangethere.ThefirstlimeIwentthere,theywere

foimd

livinginasmallhousewithdogs,ducks,andanolhcranimals.Lastwinterwhen

other

1wenthereagain,theyhadabigseparatehouseioraisedozensofchicken.Theyalso

therechickens

hadasmallpondAwhichtheyraisedfish.Mygrandpasaidlastsummertheyearned

in或where

quitealotbysellthefish.Ifelthappilythattheirlifehadimproved.Attheendof

sellinghappy

ourtrip,Iloldmylatherthat1plannedtoreturn版everytwoyears,butheagreed.