高二英语开学摸底考(译林版2020)(解析版)

2024届高二下学期开学摸底考(译林版2020)英语(考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分)注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdoesthewomanoffertodofortheman?A.Introduceabranchstore. B.Provideacreditnote. C.Returnthemoney.【答案】B【原文】M:Ifyoucan’tgivememymoneyback,whatcanIdo?W:Ifthere’snothingelseyouwant,Icouldgiveyouacreditnote.Youcanuseitinanybranchofthisstoretothevalueoftheitemyouhavereturned.2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Ataschool. B.Inashop. C.Inacarmuseum.【答案】B【原文】M:Goodafternoon,madam.WhatcanIdoforyou?W:Well,mysonisgraduatingfromcollegenextmonthandI’mgettinghimacar.M:Noproblem.Thisway,please.3.Howmuchshouldthegirlpay?A.£2.50. B.£4.00 C.£5.00.【答案】A【原文】W:Howmuchisatickettothejugglingshow?M:They’reusuallyfivepounds,butyou’reastudentsoyoucangetaticketathalfoftheusualprice.W:Oh,good!IwasalittleworriedjustnowbecauseI’veonlygotfourpounds.4.Whichcolourofacarpetdoesthemanlikebest?A.Blue. B.Red. C.Grey.【答案】B【原文】W:Thisgreycarpetisexactlywhatwe’relookingfor.M:ButIliketheredonebest.Itwouldlookbetterthanthegreyoneinthebedroom.ThelightblueoneisOKtoo.5.Whoisthewomanprobably?A.Acustomer. B.Aneyespecialist. C.Anonlineshopowner.【答案】B【原文】M:IreallylikethispairbutIcangetthemcheaperfromanonlineshop,orevenasupermarket.W:Yes,butwe’reprofessional.It’sbesttogetyourglasseshere,whereyoureyesweretested.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatseasonisitmostlikelytobe?A.Spring. B.Winter. C.Autumn.7.WhatgiftwillLindagetfromtheman?A.Acoat. B.Adictionary. C.Amobilephone.【答案】6.C7.C【原文】W:It’smybirthdaytomorrow.Sowhatwouldyougivemeforit,Daddy?M:Howaboutanewdictionary,Linda?W:No,Iboughtonelastmonth.Ithinkthisdictionaryisenoughformystudy.M:Then,anewcoat?Youknow,winteriscoming.Youwillneedanewcoatforthiswinter.W:No,Idon’twantit.I’dlikeyoutobuymeamobilephone.M:Amobilephone?Doyoureallyneedone?W:Yes,verymuch.Manyofmyclassmateshavealreadygotone.IcangetintouchwiththemeasilyifIhaveone.M:Soundsreasonable.Allright.Iwillbuyoneforyou.W:Hurray!Let’sgotothephoneshopthisafternoon.听第7段材料，回答第8、9、10题。8.WhatdidthespeakersbuyforUncleErnielastyear?A.Agardeningbook. B.Agardeningtool. C.Aflowershowticket.9.WhatwillGaryget?A.Aliveconcertticket. B.Adeliciousdinner. C.Asetofclothes.10.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Athome. B.Atagarden. C.Atabookstore.【答案】8.B9.A10.A【原文】W:Okay,Phil.Lookatthiswebsite.Itisgreat.WhataboutyourUncleErnie?Whatcanwegethim?Ineverknow!M:Well,he’ssodifficulttobuyfor.Hedoesn’treallylikeanything!W:Iknow.Well,whataboutagardeningbook?Helovesgardening,doesn’the?Look,herearesomenicegardeningbooksonthewebsite.M:Mmm.Butwegothimagardeningtoollastyear.W:Yes.Aha,howaboutthis?Ticketstotheflowershow.M:That’sfun.Good,whoelse?W:YourbrotherGary.M:Yeah,he’sdifficult,too.Ialwaysgethimsomethingboring,likeclothes,becauseIdon’tknowwhattoget.

W:Well,whataboutthis?Aliveconcertticket?M:Ooh,thatsoundsgood.Mmm.MaybeIcouldgowithhim.W:Yeah,whynot?M:OK,nowlet’shaveourdinner.I’mreallyalittlehungry.听第8段材料，回答第11、12、13题。11.Whatdoesthemandislikeaboutthesofaatthebeginning?A.Thesize. B.Thecolor. C.Thestyle.12.Whatdoesthemansayabouttheoldsofa?A.Itisheavy. B.Itissmall. C.Itiscomfortable.13.Whatdothespeakersdecidetodo?A.Lookatothersofas. B.Gotoanotherstore. C.Waitforasale.【答案】11.C12.B13.C【原文】W:Lookatthissofa.Whatdoyouthink?M:Oh,I’mnotsureIlikethestyle.It’sheavy-looking.W:Isitcomfortable?Tryit.M:Mm.It’sreallycomfortable.AndI’dliketohavesomethingthissize.Ouroldsofaiswaytoosmall.Thissizeisperfect.W:Whatdoyouthinkofthecolor?M:Well,greenisn’tmyfavoritecolor,butit’sbetterthanthatawfulbrownonewehavenow.It’sokay,Iguess.W:Howmuchisit?M:Oh,no!It’s$999!That’stooexpensive.Wecan’tafforditrightnow.W:Iknow.Whydon’twewaittillnextmonthfortheirmid-yearsale?Itmightbecheaperthen.M:Soundsgreat.听第9段材料，回答第14、15、16、17题。14.Whatdoesthemanthinkofonlineshopping?A.Itisquiteconvenient.B.Returninggoodsisdifficult.C.Thedeliveryisabittooslow.15.WhatdoesthemansayaboutTradeMe?A.Itofferssomerarerecords.B.HeoftenbuysbooksandCDsonit.C.Hecanbuythingsfromotherusersonit.16.WhatdidthemanbuyforhismotherasaChristmaspresent?A.Agolfbag. B.Acoat. C.Asofa.17.Whatisthemanconcernedaboutintheend?A.Howthesofawillbedelivered.B.Whenthesofawillarrive.C.Howmuchthedeliverywillcost.【答案】14.A15.C16.B17.A【原文】W:Charlie,doyouliketodoshoppingonline?M:Yes.Itendtodomoreofmyshoppingonline,includingmyfoodshopping,becauseitsavestimeandmoney.I’veneverreallyhadaproblemwithit.EvenwhenIwanttoreturnsomething,it’salwaysreallygood.W:TherearealotofInternetshoppingsites.Whatkindofsitedoyouusethemost?M:Well,it’shardtosay.I’veboughtbooksandDVDsandthingslikethatfromAmazon.Ijustorderthemonline,andsomecertainpeoplesendthemtomydoor.IuseTradeMequitealottoo,wherepeoplecanbuythings,usedornew,fromotherusers.W:Haveyouboughtanythingonlinerecently?M:Yes.Thismonth,Iboughtallofmyfamily’sChristmaspresentsonline.Iboughtmymotheracoat,andmyfatheragolfbag.MysisterneedsasofaandIjustordereditonline.W:Really?I’veneverboughtanythingthatlarge.Idon’tthinkitisaneasyjobtodeliverasofa.Hasitarrivedyet?M:No,butI’mlookingforwardtoseeinghowtheywilldeliverit.听第10段材料，回答第18、19、20题。18.Whatdoesthespeakerusuallybuyforhisfriends?A.Somethinghelikes.B.Somethingsuitableforhisfriends.C.Somethingvaluable.19.Whydoesthemandislikegivinggifts?A.Itcostsmuchtime.B.Thegiftsareexpensive.C.Hedoesn’tknowwhatotherslike.20.Whatwouldthemanwantasabirthdaygift?A.Acake. B.Apairofearrings. C.Acard.【答案】18.A19.C20.C【原文】Theholidayseasoniscomingupandmanyculturesgivegiftsfordifferentholidays.I’mnotreallygoodatchoosinggiftsforpeople,though.BecauseeverytimeIgoandbuysomethingforsomeone,IwanttobuysomethingthatIlikeandIwouldthinkthatitwouldlookgoodonthemorsomething.Butthenmyfriendsdon’treallylikethegiftsomuchbecauseitdoesn’tsuitthem.Forexample,IboughtapairofearringsforafriendandthenIrealizedthatshedoesn’treallylikejewelries,sosheneverworeit.It’skindofhardtoknowwhattheywant.Actually,forthatreason,Idon’tlikegivinggiftsatall.Ithinkit’sbecauseofmybackground,likestudyingeconomics.It’sjust,tome,inefficient.You’rebuyingsomething,youdon’tknowiftheyreallywantitandtheysay,“Oh.It’sthethoughtthatcounts.”Youwastetimefindingthegiftandthenyougivethemthegiftandmaybetheydon’tuseit.SoI’mnotabigfanofgiftgiving.Evenforbirthdays.Andforme,ifitweremybirthday,Iwouldhavesomeonemakeacardforme.Itwouldhavemorevaluethansomeonebuyinggiftsformeanyway.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A齐鲁名校大联考2023届山东省高三第二次学业质量联合检测The2023AudubonPhotographyAwardsOpensforEntriesThe2023AudubonPhotographyAwardsofficiallyopensforentriesfromJanuary12,2023untilMarch9,2023at12:00pm.Judgeswillawardeightprizestophotographersandvideographers.Prizesinclude:·GrandPrize:$5000·ProfessionalPrize:$2,500·AmateurPrize:$2,500·PlantsforBirdsPrize:$2,500·VideoPrize:$2,500·FemaleBirdPrize:$1,000·FisherPrize:$1,000·YouthPrize:SixdaysatAudubon’sHogIslandAudubonCampforteensForthesecondyear,AudubonwillawardtheFemaleBirdPrizeandtheVideoPrize.TheFemaleBirdPrizecontinuestodisplaythebeautyoffemalebirds,whichareoftenunder-appreciatedandunder-researchedinbothbirdingandscience.TheVideoPrizeonceagainwillbeawardedtothetopvideoofbirdsdemonstratinguniquebehaviorsorhighlightingbirdlifeinitshabitat.WinningphotosandvideoswillbefeaturedinafutureissueofAudubonmagazine.ThecontestisopentoalllegalresidentsoftheUS,whoare13yearsofageorolder.PhotosthatdonotfollowAudubon’sGuidetoEthicalBirdPhotographyandVideographywillbedisqualified.Entryfeesare$15perimageorvideo.Nopaymentisrequiredlorentrantswhoare13to17yearsofage.21.Whatwilltheteenwinnerget?A.Anoverseastour.BAchancetocamp.C.Anissueofthemagazine.D.Aprizemoneyof$2.500.22.WhatcanweknowabouttheFemaleBirdPrize?A.Itwasfirstestablishedin2021.B.Itisawardedtothetopvideoofbirds.C.Ithelpsboostthefemalebirdresearch.D.Itisintendedforfemalephotographers.23.Whichofthefollowingcanmeetthecontest’srequirement?A.Sendingtheentrytoanon-officialwebsite.B.Submittinganentrythemedthelandscape.C.PostingtheentrybytheendofMarch.D.Payingentryfeesifentrantsareover18.【答案】21.B22.C23.D【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了2023年奥杜邦摄影奖征集作品的公告信息。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“·YouthPrize:SixdaysatAudubon’sHogIslandAudubonCampforteens(·青年奖：在奥杜邦的猪岛奥杜邦青少年营参加六天活动)”可知，获奖的青少年能够获得一次露营的机会。故选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“TheFemaleBirdPrizecontinuestodisplaythebeautyoffemalebirds.whichareoftenunder-appreciatedandunder-researchedinbothbirdingandscience.(TheFemaleBirdPrize继续展示雌鸟的美丽。这在观鸟和科学中都经常被低估和研究不足)”可知，TheFemaleBirdPrize的设立可以帮助人们关注对雌鸟的研究，帮助人们进行全方位的鸟类研究。故选C。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Nopaymentisrequiredforentrantswhoare13to17yearsofage.(13至17岁的参赛者无需支付任何费用)”可知，18岁以上的参赛者必须要交费。故选D。B(河北省部分高中2023-2024学年高三上学期12月期末)Onthedayhealmostdied,KimbalMuskhadfoodonthebrain.TheInternetstartuptalentandrestaurateurhadjustarrivedinJacksonHolefromaconferencewherechefJamieOliverhadspokenaboutthebenefitsofhealthyeating.ThiswassomethingMuskthoughtaboutalot-howhemightmakeadifferencetothefoodindustry—butbeyondexpandinghisfarm-to-tablemovementalongwithhisrestaurant,Muskhadn’tyetbrokenthecode.Thenhewentsailingdownasnowyslope(坡)andfellover,breakinghisneck.Theleftsideofhisbodywasparalyzed.Muskeventuallymadeafullrecovery,butitinvolvedspendingtwomonthsonhisback,whichgavehimplentyoftimetocomeupwithaplan.Sincethen,hehaslaunchedaninitiativetoput“learninggardens”inpublicschoolsacrossAmerica;attractedGenerationZtothefarmingprofessionbychangingshippingcontainersintohigh-tech,data-driven,year-roundfarms;andthisyear,iskickingoffanewcampaigntocreateonemillionat-homegardens.Aimedatreachinglow-incomefamilies,theMillionGardensMovementwasinspiredbythepandemic,asbothadesiretofeelmoreconnectedtonatureandfoodinsecurityhavebeenattheforefrontofsomanypeople’slives.“Weweregettingalotofinquiriesaboutgardeningfrompeoplethathadnevergardenedbefore,”saysMusk.“Peoplewerelookingtogardenforabunchofreasons:tosupplementtheirbudget,toimprovethenutritionalqualityoftheirdiets,orjusttocuretheboredomthatcamewiththelockdown.”Theprogramoffersfreegardenkitsthatcanbegrownindoorsoroutdoors,andwillbedistributedthroughschoolsthatMusk'snon-profit,BigGreen,hasalreadypartneredwith.Italsooffersfreecoursesonhowtogetthegardengrowingandfreshseedsandmaterialsforthechanginggrowingseasons.“IgrewupintheprojectswhenIwasyoung,inwhatwenowcallfooddeserts,”saysEVE,oneofthemanycelebritieswhohaveteamedupwiththeorganizationtoencouragepeopletopickupafreegarden.“WhatIloveaboutthisisthatit'snotdifficult.Weareallabletogrowsomething.”24.WhatinspiredMusktobedevotedtofoodindustry?A.Anaccident. B.JamieOliver’sspeech.C.Thepandemic. D.Thefarm-to-tablemovement.25.WhatcanwelearnabouttheMillionGardensMovement?A.Ithasmainlyattractedyounggenerations. B.Ithasjustaccomplisheditstarget.C.Itmaybestimulatedbyalackoffoodsecurity. D.Itincreaseseconomicburdensforthepoor.26.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMusk?A.Charitable. B.Honest. C.Flexible. D.Strict.27.WhyisEVEtakenasanexample?A.Todemonstratetheprogramtobenon-profit. B.Tosharehisexperienceinafooddesert.C.Toencouragepeopletostartafreegarden. D.Toclarifythereasonwhyhelovesagarden.【答案】24B25.C26.A27.C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Musk在受JamieOliver演讲的启发后，创立百万个家庭花园，鼓励和教授人们自己种植自己的食物，来让自己吃的食物更健康。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“TheInternetstartuptalentandrestaurateurhadjustarrivedinJacksonHolefromaconferencewherechefJamieOliverhadspokenaboutthebenefitsofhealthyeating.ThismadeMuskthinkalot—howhemightmakeadifferencetothefoodindustry(这位互联网创业天才和餐馆老板刚刚参加完JacksonHole的一个会议抵达JacksonHole，会上主厨JamieOliver谈到了健康饮食的好处。这让马斯克思考了很多——他如何能对食品行业作出改变)”可知，Musk在参加完JamieOliver的演讲之后开始考虑对食品行业作出改变，即受到了这个演讲的启发。故选B。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Aimedatreachinglow-incomefamilies,theMillionGardensMovementwasinspiredbythepandemic,asbothadesiretofeelmoreconnectedtonatureandfoodinsecurityhavebeenattheforefrontofsomanypeople’slives.(百万花园运动旨在帮助低收入家庭，受到疫情的启发，因为许多人生活的首要问题是希望更多地与自然联系，以及粮食不安全)”可知，MillionGardensMovement可能是由于缺乏粮食安全而引起的。故选C。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的“Aimedatreachinglow-incomefamilies(旨在惠及低收入家庭)”可知Musk创立百万花园运动主要针对低收入家庭；由文章最后一段的“Theprogramoffersfreegardenkitsthatcanbegrownindoorsoroutdoors(该计划提供可以在室内或室外种植的免费花园套件)”可知他免费给人们提供种植套件；“Italsooffersfreecourses(它还提供免费课程)”可知Musk的计划还给人提供免费课程；综上所述，可推知Musk是富有慈善意识的。故选A。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的““IgrewupintheprojectswhenIwasyoung,inwhatwenowcallfooddeserts,”saysEVE,oneofthemanycelebritieswhohaveteamedupwiththeorganizationtoencouragepeopletopickupafreegarden.“WhatIloveaboutthisisthatit'snotdifficult.Weareallabletogrowsomething.”(“我小时候在这些项目中长大，我们现在称之为食物沙漠，”伊芙说，她是许多名人之一，与该组织合作，鼓励人们挑选一个免费的花园。“我喜欢这个的原因是它并不难。我们都能种点东西。”)”推知，最后一段用EVE的例子是为了鼓励人们开始免费的花园。故选C。C浙江省台州名校联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期12月考Themostbelovedbirdinhistorymayverywellhavebeena29-year-oldpigeonbythenameofMartha.Itwastheearly1900s,andMarthawasattheheightofherfame.PerchedonherhumbleroostattheCincinnatiZoo,shewasanobjectoffascinationtothethousandsofvisitorswholinedupjusttocatchaglimpse.Marthamaynothavelookedthepartofananimalcelebrity,butshewashardlyaverage—infact,shewastheverydefinitionofoneofakind.AfterthedeathofhercompanionGeorgein1910,Marthahadbecometheworld’slast-livingpassengerpigeon.TherewasatimenotlongbeforewhenherkindaccountedformorethanaquarterofthebirdsinNorthAmericaandmayhavebeenthemostabundantbirdspeciesontheplanet.Passengerpigeonsusedtotravelat60milesanhourinflocksamilewideand300mileslong.Witnessescomparedthemtoatrainrumblingthroughatunnel.Ironically,thepassengerpigeons’veryabundancemayhavespelledtheirdoom.Anagriculturalpestandreliablesourceofprotein,theybecameeasytargetsforhunterswhokilledtheminthetensofthousands.Inamatterofdecades,abirdthatoncenumberedinthebillionswasreducedtoafew,andthen,eventually,toone.Martha,who’dgrownupincaptivity,hadnooffspringofherown.At1p.m.onSeptember1,1914,Marthafellfromherperch,nevertoriseagain—oneoftherareoccasionsinwhichhistorianscouldidentifytheexactmomentofaspecies’extinction.Ofcourse,therealtragedywasthatthelossofthepassengerpigeonwasneithersurprisingnorunique.ForaslongastheEarthhassustainedlife,ithasalsoseenthepermanentdisappearanceoflifeforms,thedinosaursbeingaparticularlyextremeexample.ButMartha’shigh-profiledeathtrainednationalattentiononanalarmingnewtrend.Closetoathousandanimalspeciesalonehavediedoffinthelast500years,andthetrendisonlygettingworse.28.Whatcausedtheextinctionofpassengerpigeons?A.Thelossoftheirhabitats. B.Theworseningofglobalwarming.C.Theburningoffossilfuels. D.Theirnutritionalvalueandthreattofarming.29.Whyaredinosaursmentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Toillustratewecandonothingtostopspeciesextinction.B.Toshowtheextinctionofacertainspeciesisnotararecase.C.Toexplainhumanactivitiesaretoblameforspeciesextinction.D.Tostressimmediatemeasuresshouldbetakenbeforeitistoolate.30.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthenewtrendofspeciesextinction?A.Optimistic. B.Confused. C.Relieved. D.Concerned.31.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.ThemostbelovedbirdGeorgedied.B.Birdsarethebestfriendsofhumanbeings.C.Thetragiclossofthelastpassengerpigeon.DThemostabundantbirdspeciesareendangered.【答案】28.D29.B30.D31.C【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了最后一只旅鸽的死亡和旅鸽灭绝的原因，以及人们对此的担忧。【28题详解】细节理解题。由文章第三段中“Anagriculturalpestandreliablesourceofprotein,theybecameeasytargetsforhunterswhokilledtheminthetensofthousands.(作为一种农业害虫和可靠的蛋白质来源，它们很容易成为猎人的目标，成千上万的猎人捕杀了它们。)”可知，它们的营养价值和对农业的威胁导致了旅鸽的灭绝。故选D。【29题详解】推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“Ofcourse,therealtragedywasthatthelossofthepassengerpigeonwasneithersurprisingnorunique.ForaslongastheEarthhassustainedlife,ithasalsoseenthepermanentdisappearanceoflifeforms,thedinosaursbeingaparticularlyextremeexample.ButMartha’shigh-profiledeathtrainednationalattentiononanalarmingnewtrend.Closetoathousandanimalspeciesalonehavediedoffinthelast500years,andthetrendisonlygettingworse.(当然，真正的悲剧是，旅鸽的损失既不令人惊讶，也不独特。只要地球上有生命存在，它就见证了生命形式的永久消失，恐龙就是一个特别极端的例子。但玛莎高调的死亡让全国关注到一个令人担忧的新趋势。在过去的500年里，近1000种动物灭绝，而且这种趋势只会变得更糟。)”可知，最后一段提到恐龙表明某一物种灭绝的情况并不罕见。故选B。【30题详解】推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“ButMartha’shigh-profiledeathtrainednationalattentiononanalarmingnewtrend.Closetoathousandanimalspeciesalonehavediedoffinthelast500years,andthetrendisonlygettingworse.(但玛莎高调的死亡让全国关注到一个令人担忧的新趋势。在过去的500年里，近1000种动物灭绝，而且这种趋势只会变得更糟。)”可知，作者对物种灭绝的新趋势很担心。故选D。【31题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段中“AfterthedeathofhercompanionGeorgein1910,Marthahadbecometheworld’slast-livingpassengerpigeon.(1910年她的同伴乔治去世后，玛莎成了世界上最后一只活着的旅鸽。)”可知，第一段引出旅鸽的现状，接着文章对此现象进行了解释，文章倒数第二段中“At1p.m.onSeptember1,1914,Marthafellfromherperch,nevertoriseagain—oneoftherareoccasionsinwhichhistorianscouldidentifytheexactmomentofaspecies’extinction.(玛莎在囚禁中长大，没有自己的后代。1914年9月1日下午1点，玛莎从她的栖木上掉了下来，再也没有爬起来——这是历史学家能够确定一个物种灭绝的确切时刻的罕见事件之一。)”阐述了这个物种的灭绝，故可推知，本文主要讲述了最后一只旅鸽的死亡和旅鸽灭绝的原因，以及人们对此的担忧。故选C。D(江苏省泰州中学、宿迁中学、宜兴中学2023-2024学年高三上学期12月调研)Manypeoplehaveparticipatedintolotsofvirtualmeetingstheseyears.Someresearchshowsthisadjustmentmightnotimpactworkplaceproductivitytoanygreatdegree.Anewstudy,though,suggestsotherwise.Inthestudy,602participantswererandomlypairedandaskedtocomeupwithcreativeusesforaproduct.Theywerealsorandomlyselectedtoworktogethereitherinpersonorvirtually.Thepairswerethenrankedbyassessingtheirtotalnumberofideas,aswellasthoseconcepts’degreeofnovelty,andaskedtosubmittheirbestidea.Amongthegroups,virtualpairscameupwithsignificantlyfewerideas,suggestingthatsomethingaboutface-to-faceinteractiongeneratesmorecreativeideas.Thefindingscouldstiffenemployers’resolvetourgeorrequiretheiremployeestocomebacktotheoffice.“Weranthisexperimentbasedonfeedbackfromcompaniesthatitwashardertoinnovatewithremoteworkers,”saidleadresearcherMelanieBrucks.“Unlikeotherformsofvirtualcommunication,likephonecallsore-mail,videoconferencingcopiesthein-personexperiencequitewell,soIwassurprisedwhenwefoundmeaningfuldifferencesbetweenin-personandvideointeractionforideageneration.”Whenrandomobjectswereplacedinboththevirtualandphysicalrooms,thevirtualpairsofparticipantsspentmoretimelookingdirectlyateachotherratherthanlettingtheirlookwanderabouttheroomandtakingintheentirescene.Eyeingone’swholeenvironmentandnoticingtherandomobjectswereassociatedwithincreasedideageneration.Onplatforms,thescreenoccupiesourinteractions.Ourlookwaversless.“Lookingawaymightcomeacrossasrude,”saidBrucks,“sowehavetolookatthescreenbecausethatisthedefinedcontextoftheinteraction,thesamewaywewouldn’twalktoanotherroomwhiletalkingtosomeoneinperson.”Likemosteducators,Bruckshasprimarilytaughtvirtuallyinthepastthreeyears,andshedidnoticesomebenefitsoftheapproachaswell.Herstudentsweremorelikelytotaketurnsspeakingandhershyerstudentsspokeupmoreoften,ridoftheanxietythatcomesfromaddressingalargeclassroom.Brucksfoundthatonesolutiontoimprovingvirtualideagenerationmightbetosimplyturnoffthecamera,forherstudentsfelt“freer”andmorecreativewhenaskedtodoso.Andthismaybesoundadvicefortheworkplace.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stiffen”inParagraph2mostprobablymean?A.challenge. B.revise. C.strengthen. D.shake.33.Atfirst,leadresearcherMelanieBrucksmightthinkthat_________.A.Creativeideasmayemergefromcasualthoughts.B.Thefeedbackfromcompaniesseemsquestionable.C.Participantsshouldmakeeyecontactinanonlinemeeting.D.Videoconferencingcan’tcomparewithin-personcommunication.34.WhatcanwelearnaboutBrucks’students?ATheyprogressedinfocusingattention. B.Theyrelievedanxietybyspeakingup.C.Theydisplayedtalentforpublicspeaking. D.Theytookadvantageofvirtuallearning.35.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.BrainstormingOnlineLimitsCreativity B.InteractingInPersonBoostsEfficiencyC.GroupingRandomlyIncreasesProductivity D.MaintainingTeamworkImprovesInnovation【答案】32.C33.B34.D35.A【导语】本文为一篇说明文。一个新的研究发现：与面对面交流相比，虚拟会议不利于创新想法的产生，文章分析了原因，并给出了建议。【32题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段“Amongthegroups,virtualpairscameupwithsignificantlyfewerideas,suggestingthatsomethingaboutface-to-faceinteractiongeneratesmorecreativeideas.Thefindingscouldstiffenemployers’resolvetourgeorrequiretheiremployeestocomebacktotheoffice.(在这些小组中，虚拟配对提出的想法要少得多，这表明面对面交流能产生更多创造性的想法。这些发现可能会stiffen雇主敦促或要求员工回到办公室的决心。)”可知，面对面的交流有利于创造性想法的产生，虚拟会议不如面对面交流，所以对于雇主来讲，要求员工回到办公室才会有更多的创造性想法，stiffen意为“加强”，此处为“加强了雇主的决心”，划线词与strengthen意思相近，故选C。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Weranthisexperimentbasedonfeedbackfromcompaniesthatitwashardertoinnovatewithremoteworkers(我们做这个实验是基于一些公司的反馈，他们认为远程员工很难进行创新)”和“Unlikeotherformsofvirtualcommunication,likephonecallsore-mail,videoconferencingcopiesthein-personexperiencequitewell,soIwassurprisedwhenwefoundmeaningfuldifferencesbetweenin-personandvideointeractionforideageneration.(与电话或电子邮件等其他形式的虚拟交流不同，视频会议很好地复制了面对面的体验，所以当我们发现面对面互动和视频互动在创意产生方面存在重大差异时，我感到很惊讶。)”可知，因为有公司反映：远程员工难创新，所以首席研究员MelanieBrucks组织了实验，来验证公司所反映的情况，在发现面对面交流与视频互动交流所带来的创新想法的差异与公司反映的一样时，他很是惊讶，说明他原来认为公司的反馈值得怀疑，故选B。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Likemosteducators,Bruckshasprimarilytaughtvirtuallyinthepastthreeyears,andshedidnoticesomebenefitsoftheapproachaswell.Herstudentsweremorelikelytotaketurnsspeakingandhershyerstudentsspokeupmoreoften,ridoftheanxietythatcomesfromaddressingalargeclassroom.(像大多数教育工作者一样，Brucks在过去的三年里主要从事虚拟教学，她也注意到这种方法的一些好处。她的学生更有可能轮流发言，害羞的学生更经常地发言，摆脱了在大教室演讲时的焦虑。)”可知，Brucks的虚拟课堂上，学生可能轮流发言，连害羞的学生也能经常发言，故可推知，她的学生能充分利用虚拟学习。故选D。【35题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Manypeoplehaveparticipatedintolotsofvirtualmeetingstheseyears.Someresearchshowsthisadjustmentmightnotimpactworkplaceproductivitytoanygreatdegree.Anewstudy,though,suggestsotherwise.(这些年来，许多人都参加了许多虚拟会议。一些研究表明，这种调整可能不会在很大程度上影响工作效率。然而，一项新的研究却给出了相反的结论。)”以及第二段“Amongthegroups,virtualpairscameupwithsignificantlyfewerideas,suggestingthatsomethingaboutface-to-faceinteractiongeneratesmorecreativeideas.Thefindingscouldstiffenemployers’resolvetourgeorrequiretheiremployeestocomebacktotheoffice.(在这些小组中，虚拟配对提出的想法明显更少，这表明面对面的互动产生了更多的创意。这一发现可能会坚定雇主敦促或要求员工重返办公室的决心。)”可知，本文主要讲的是一个新的研究发现：与面对面交流相比，虚拟会议不利于创新想法的产生，“BrainstormingOnlineLimitsCreativity(网上头脑风暴限制创造力)”作标题比较贴切。故选A。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2024·河北邯郸·统考二模)Readingtheroomgivesyouanedge—nomatterwhoyou’retalkingtoWhat’sthedifferencebetweenasuccessfulpresentationandanot-so-successfulone?Skilledpublicspeakersaren’tjustgoodatputtingwordstogether.36Thatskilldoesn’tjustmakepeoplegoodatpublicspeaking.It’shelpfulinallkindsofsituations-whetherinaone-on-onemeetingoranetworkingevent.Hereareseveraltechniquesyoucanpracticetogetbetteratreadingtheroom.Askforfeedback.Youdon’thavetowaituntiltheconversationisovertofindouthowitwent.37Forexample,aftercoveringacomplextopic,pauseandaskyourlistenersifit’sokaytocontinue.Ifyou’relosingtheirattention,letthemtakeaquickbreak.Don’tforgetaboutbasicneeds.Eventhemostimpressivespeakerwon’tkeepanaudienceengagedifthey’rehungryortired.Ifyourlistenersaredisengaged,offerthemabreak-orendthesessionearly.38Learntoreadunspokenimplication.Whatarepeopledoingwhileyou’respeaking?Aretheysighing,rollingtheireyesorsmiling?39Sometimes,thesegesturesmightincludeobjects,likecellphonesortappingpencils.Ifyouseeanyofthese,don’tstepoverit.Saysomethinglike,“Uh-oh-Iseeeveryone’scheckingtheirphones.DidIloseyou,orisitlunchtime?”40Noskillcanbegoteasily.Skillsofreadingtheroomalsorequiresometrainingtoacquire.Yo