2022届高考英语二轮复习分类阅读写作训练之人与社会：社会

2022届高考英语二轮复习分类阅读写作训练之人与社会

社会

一、七选五

（2020-四川省中江实验中学）Haveyoueverwonderedwhysomemovie

charactersdrinkCokeandothersdrinkPepsi?1.OrwhyaTVshowactorcallshisfriendson

aSamsungcellphone?OrevenwhythecharactersinyourvideogamedriveChryslercars?

No,itisprobablynotthattheyactuallylikethoseproducts.2.

Productplacement—showingbrand-nameproductsinTVshows,movies,andvideo

games—isapopularwayfbrcompaniestoadvertisetheirgoods.Theideaissimple:acool

andgood-lookingcharacterdrivesanAudicaranddrinksCocaColainsteadofdrivinga

no-namecaranddrinkingsoda.3.Companieslikeitbecauseithelpsthemsellmore

products.

Asuccessfulproductplacementdealcanbeabigwin-winforbothcontentcreatorsand

advertisers.InthefamousalienmovieE.T.theExtra-Terrestrial,forexample,theHershey

CompanypaidUniversalStudiosonemilliondollarstohavepicturesoftheirReese'sPieces

candyshownduringthemovie.Afewweeksafterthemoviewasreleased,thesalesof

Reese'sPiecesincreasedby65%.4.ThecarmakerBMWpaid-threemilliondollarstohave

JamesBonddrivearoundintheirnewBMWZ3Roadsterduringthemovie.Aftertherelease

ofthemovie,BMWearned240milliondollarsinadvancedsalesfortheZ3Roadster.

SuccessstorieslikethesekeepadvertisersknockingonHollywooddoors.

5.Peopleclaimittrickspeopleintowatchingadvertisementsunknowingly.Some

non-profitgroupshaveevenspokenoutpubliclyagainstthepractice.Theconsumerrights

groupCommercialAlert,forexample,askedtheUSgovernmenttoputregulationson

productplacement.

A.Orwhoisyourfavoritemoviecharacter?

B.AnotherfamouscaseistheJamesBondmovieGoldenEye.

C.MovieandTVstudioslikeusingbrand-nameproductsbecauseitmakesacharacterseem

moreauthentic.

D.Productplacementhasreceivedalotofcriticism,though.

E.It'ssaidthatproductplacementisaseven-billion-dollar-a-yearindustry.

F.OrwhyyourfavoriteTVactressdoesherworkonanApplecomputer?

G.Therealanswerslieinamultibillion-dollarindustrycalledproductplacement.

二、阅读理解

A

（2021•绥德中学）Afteracouplehashadtheirfirstchild,totheirdisappointment

theybecameinfertileandcouldn'thavemorechildren.Cloningwouldenablesuchacouple

tohaveasecondchild,perhapsayoungertwintothechildtheyalreadyhave.Manycouples

havedifficultyhavingchildren,andsometimesitisimpossibleforcouplestohavechildren

becausetheyareinfertile.Cloningwouldallowthesecouplestohavechildren.

Itishardtotellsomeonethattheycannotusecloningtohavechildrenwhennoother

possiblewaystohavechildrenareavailable.Thisisonereasonwhyitisdifficulttodecide

whethercloningismoralornot.Thefollowingaresomeofthereasonswhycloningshould

beallowed.

Throughcloning,researchcanprogress.Wepossiblycanlearnmoreaboutcell.Wemay

developtechnologytoalloweasiergenetictestingandfixingproblemssuchasspinalcord

injuries,cancer,andmanymore.

Cloningorgansfororgantransplants（移植）isoneofthemajorpracticalreasonsthat

cloningshouldbeallowed.Thereisalwaysahighdemandfororgans.Somearguefbrthe

cloningofhumanstocreateextrabodyparts.Otherstalkofjustwantingtocloneanorganto

replaceafaultyorgan.

Rejuvenation（恢复青春）isalsoakeyargumentforadvocates（提倡）ofcloning.Some

scientistsbelievethatinjectingclonedhealthyheartcellsintodamagedhearttissuewilllead

tohealingoftheheart.Bycombiningthetechnologyforcloningandthetechnologyfor

growinghumanstemcells,conditionslikeAlzheimer's,Parkinson's,andsomeotherageing

diseasemaybecurable.Thepossibilitiesareendlessandmaybeleftundiscoveredifhuman

cloningisforbidden.

6.Theunderlinedword“infertile”inPara.1means”

A.unabletohavechildrenB.toopoortogrowcrops

C.poorinpregnantknowledgeD.unabletoaffordtobringupchildren

7.Howmanyreasonsdoesthewritergiveinthispassageaboutwhycloningshouldbe

allowed?

A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.

试卷笫2页，共8页

8.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

A.Cloningbabiesforinfertilecouplesismoral.

B.Throughcloning,researchworkincellscanmakegreatprogress.

C.Cloningcellscanmakesomediseasesconcerningageingcurable.

D.Cloningtechnologymayhelpimprovemedicaltechnology.

9.Fromthepassage,wecanknowthewriter'sattitudetowardhumancloningis.

A.negativeB.supportiveC.uninterestedD.opposing

B

（2020•上海市实验学校高三月考）Onehundredyearsago,“Colored”wasthe

typicalwayofreferringtoAmericansofAfricandescent.Twentyyearslater,itwas

purposefullydroppedtomakewayfor"Negro”.Bythelate1960s,thattennwasovertaken

by“Black”.Andthen,atapressconferenceinChicagoin1988,JesseJacksondeclaredthat

“AfricanAmerican,,wasthetermtowelcome.Thisonewaschosenbecauseitechoedthe

labelsofgroups,suchas"ItalianAmericans^^and“IrishAmericans”,thathadalreadybeen

freedofwidespreaddiscrimination.

Acentury'sworthofcalculatednamechangespointtothefactthatnaminganygroupis

apoliticallyfreightedexercise.A2001studycatalogedallthewaysinwhichtheterm

“Black"carriedconnotations（涵义）thatweremorenegativethanthoseof"African

American^^.

Butifitwasknownthat“Black“peoplewerevieweddifferentlyfrom"African

Americans”,researchers,untilnow,hadn*tidentifiedwhatthatgapinperceptioncamefrom.

Arecentstudy,conductedbyEmoryUniversity'sErikaHall,foundthat“Black”peopleare

viewedmorenegativelythan''AfricanAmericans“becauseofaperceiveddifferencein

socioeconomicstatus.Asaresult,“Black"peoplearethoughtofaslesscompetentandas

havingcolderpersonalities.

Thestudy'smoststrikingfindingsshedlightontheracialdiscriminationspermeatingthe

professionalworld.EvenseeminglyharmlessdetailsonaCV,itappears,cantapinto

recruiters'（招聘人员）discriminations.Ajobapplicationmightmentionaffiliations（关系）

withgroupssuchasthe''WisconsinAssociationofAfrican-AmericanLawyers^^orthe

''NationalBlackEmployeesAssociation”,thenamesofwhichapparentlyhaveconsequences,

andarealsobeyondtheirmembers*control.

Inoneofthestudy*sexperiments,subjectsweregivenabriefdescriptionofamanfrom

ChicagowiththelastnameWilliams.Toonegroup,hewasidentifiedas“AfHcan-American”,

andanotherwastoldhewas“Black”.Withlittleelsetogoon,theywereaskedtoestimateMr

Williams'salary,professionalstanding,andeducationalbackground.

The“AfHcarpAmerican“groupestimatedthatheearnedabout$37,000ayearandhada

two-yearcollegedegree.The"Black"group,ontheotherhand,puthissalaryatabout

S29,000,andguessedthathehadonly"some"collegeexperience.Nearlythree-quartersof

thefirstgroupguessedthatMrWilliamsworkedatamanageriallevel,whileonly38.5

percentofthesecondgroupthought

Halfsfindingssuggestthere'sanargumenttobemadeforelectingtouse"African

American^^,thoughonecan'thelpoutgetthesensethatit'sadecisionthatpapersover（掩盖）

theurgencyofcontinuedprogress.Perhapsanewphraseisneeded,onethatcanbring

everyoneonebigstepclosertorealizingDuBois*original,idealistichope:"It'snotthename

-it'stheThingthatcounts.^^

10.WhydidJesseJacksonembracetheterm''AfricanAmerican,,forpeopleofAfrican

descent?

A.Itisfreefromracialbiases.

B.Itrepresentssocialprogress.

C.ItisintheinterestofcommonAmericans.

D.Itfollowsthestandardnamingpractice.

11.WhatdoErikaHalfsfindingsindicate?

A.Mostrecruitersareunabletocontroltheirracialbiases.

B.Racialbiasesarewidespreadintheprofessionalworld.

C.Manyapplicantsdon*tattendtodetailsontheirresumes.

D.Jobseekersshouldallbecarefulabouttheiraffiliations.

12.WhatdoesErikaHallfindinherexperimentaboutamanwiththelastnameWilliams?

A.AfricanAmericansfarebetterthanmanyotherethnicgroups.

B.Blackpeople'ssocioeconomicstatusinAmericaremainslow.

C.People'sconceptionofapersonhasmuchtodowiththewayheorsheislabeled.

D.One'sprofessionalstandingandincomearerelatedtotheireducationalbackground.

13.WhatisDr.DuBois'sideal?

A.AllAmericansenjoyequalrights.

B.Apersonisjudgedbytheirworth.

试卷笫4页，共8页

C.AnewtermiscreatedtoaddressAfricanAmericans.

D.Allethnicgroupssharethenation*scontinuedprogress.

C

（2021•全国高三月考）Youmaynotrealizeit,butwhenyoustareatyourpartners

eyes,there,sagoodchancethatyou'relookingatamodifiedreflectionofyourself.

Researchershavefoundthatpeoplechoosepartnerswhotendtobeofsimilarsize,shape,and

raceasthemselves...andtheymayevenhavefacialfeaturesincommon.

TakeLotGeelsfromAmsterdamandherAmericanhusband,BrockMosovsky,for

example.uWehavesimilarblondehairandblueeyes,“saysLot."Neitherofusisverytall.

We'rebothbuiltathleticallyandwe'rebothmainlyofEuropeanorigin.

Evenifyoudon*tlooklikeyourpartner,youlikelysharenonphysicalcharacteristics,

accordingtoagrowingfieldofresearch,likeeducationlevel,socioeconomicstatus,religion,

personalityfeatures,andevencorevalues.

LotandBrockfallintothistypeaswell.44WebothhavePhDsandworkinresearch,she

says."Webothliveanactivelifestyle,mainlyrockclimbingandskiing.Ourworldviewsare

prettysimi-lar,andwe'rebothhard-working,socialandfriendlypeople.^^

Researchershavebeenstudyingthephenomenonofpeoplewithsimilaritiespairing

up-knownaspositiveassortativecoupling-fordecades.Ifyou'resurethat"opposites

attract”,youmaybesurprisedbyresearchfindings,whichprovethatlikeattractslike.

However,ifyoubelievethat“likesattract”,youprobablyunderstandwhypeoplesurprisingly

seeklifepartnerswhoremindthem,onsomecomfortinglevel,ofthemselves.

“There'sanelementofpredictabilitywhenyoudatesomebodyofasimilarbackground,,,

saysTyTashiro,theauthorofTheScienceofHappilyEverAfter.''They^elessthreatening,

lessscary.They'llbemoreofafamiliarpersonfromthestart.Familiarityissomethingwe

findattractive.^^

14.WhatcanweinferaboutLotandBrock?

A.Theyhavethesamehairandeyes.B.Theybothcomefromwealthyfamilies.

C.Theyareattractedbyeachother'ssimilarities.D.Theybothhavethesamecultural

background.

15.Whichofthefollowingisclosetotheunderlinedexpression"positiveassortative^^?

A.Ofthepreferredtype.B.Ofthedifferenttype.

C.Ofthesimilartype.D.Oftheoriginaltype.

16.WhydopeopletrytofindsimilarpeopleaspartnersaccordingtoTyTashiro?

A.Theyarecomfortabletostaywith.B.Theyaremorethreateningandscarier.

C.Theycandevelopthesamehobbiesandinterests.D.Theyhavethesamestatusandback

ground.

17.Whatmessagedoestheauthortrytoconvey?

A.Loveme,lovemydog.B.Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.

C.Agoodwifemakesagoodhusband.D.Absencemakestheheartgrowfonder.

三、语法填空

(2020•上海市实验学校高三月考)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillinthe

blankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagiven

word,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useone

wordthatbestfitseachblank.

Countriesarebeginningtoemergefromeconomiclockdown.Astheydo,thestatistics

show18.differentpartsofthepopulationhavebeenaffectedbythepandemic.Andthe

evidenceisclearthatthevirushaswideneddividesbetweenprofessionals,low-paidworkers

andtheyoung.

19.(start)withthemostfortunate.Manyprofessionalscaneasilyworkathome,

replacingone-to-onemeetingswithphonecallsandgroupmeetingswithZoomgatheringsor

Googlehangouts.These“Zoomers“aremostlyworkingonfullpayand20.(spare)thedaily

commute.Forthem,thelockdownmaybeaninconvenience(particularlyiftheyhave

children)butitisnotathreattotheirstandardsofliving.

Formanyothers,however,thepandemicisaseriousthreat.Somearekeyworkers,who

21.attendtheirjobsandareatmoreriskfromthevirus.Otherscannotworkfromhomeand

haveeitherlosttheirjobsorseentheirincomescut,22.helpfromgovernmentschemes.

ManyinthisgroupwerealreadyinaweakerpositionthantheZoomers,becausetheywerein

jobswithlowerwagesorlesssecurity.

Afurthercluetothelossonthelow-paidcamefromthelatestAmericannon-farm

payrollfigures,23.findingsshowedthataveragehourlyearningsroseby4.7%inApril,the

biggestmonthlygainonrecord.Thatsoundslikegoodnewsbutisn't.Itistheresultof

low-wageworkerslosingjobsinsectorslikehospitality.Thesametrendcanbeseenin

Britain,wheretheaveragewageofthoseinshut-downsectorsislessthanhalfof

24.workingathome,accordingtotheResolutionFoundation.

试卷第6页，共8页

Themortalityratesmakeevengrimmernews.Thelow-paid(andethnicminorities)have

sufferedmost.FiguresfromBritain'sOfficeforNationalStatisticsshowedthatdeathratesof

securityguards,careworkersandbusdriversweremuchhigherthanaverage,25.thosein

"professionaloccupations^^haddeathrateswellbelowthemean.

Anothergreatdivideisbetweenthosealreadyestablishedintheworkforceand

GenerationZ-thoseborninthelate1990sandearly2000swhoarenowcomingofage.They

areenteringajobmarketextremelyhostile(有敌意的)totheirprospects.Around30%of

Britishemployees26.(age)under25workedinoneoftheshut-downsectors,accordingto

theInstituteforFiscalStudies,anotherthink-tank,comparedwith13%ofthoseagedover

25.

Theshort-termshockofthepandemicwillleavelong-termscars.TheResolution

Foundationestimatesthatthepandemicmeansthoseemergingfromeducationthisyearwill

be27.(likely)tohavejobswithinthreeyears*time.Thelikelihoodofbeinginemployment

wouldfallby13%forgraduatesand37%forthosewiththefewestqualifications.

四、书面表达

为了实施素质教育，你校决定自本学期起：

1.周末实行双休，不上课：2.每天的家庭作业量严格控制在一个半小时之内。

这一决定在学生、教师和家长中引起了较大的反响。假设你是该校一名学生，请给《英

语辅导报》写一篇有关这场争论的报道，并陈述自己的看法。短文应包括下表中的内容。

赞成的理由反对的理由

有利于培养学生自主学习能力有些学生不能用好业余时间（例如上网吧）

有益孩子的身心健康家庭作业少，影响孩子得高分，孩子很难考上重点大学

你的看法：1…….2.……（至少两点，内容自己发挥）

要求：1.对所给要点不要简单翻译，要适当发挥；

2.词数150左右。文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。

3.参考词汇：身心健康physicalandmentalhealth

Inordertopushaheadwithquality-orientededucation,ourschoolhasmadethefollowing

decisions:

(1)Studentshaveatwo-dayweekendeveryweek.

(2)Homeworkislimitedtooneandahalfhourseveryday.

Thisdecision,whichcomesintoforceterm,hascausedaheatedargument」

试卷第8页，共8页

参考答案

一、七选五

FGEBD

【大意】这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了电影中植入式广告及其影响。

1.根据上文“HaveyoueverwonderedwhysomemoviecharactersdrinkCokeandothersdrink

Pepsi?（你有没有想过为什么有些电影人物喝可口可乐，有些人喝百事可乐？）”及下文“Or

whyaTVshowactorcallshisfriendsonaSamsungcellphone?Orevenwhythecharactersin

yourvideogamedriveChryslercars?（或者为什么一个电视演员用三星手机给朋友打电话?）“

可知，作者以问句形式在列举电影中品牌广告植入的例子，F项也是疑问句形式举例了电影

中苹果电脑广告植入，契合上下文语境。故选F项。

2.根据上一句"No,itisprobablynotthattheyactuallylikethoseproducts.（不，真实情况可能

不是他们真的喜欢这些产品）“，G项表明电影中角色使用这些品牌产品的真正原因是在打广

告，并提出了productplacement这个概念，下一段就是更详细地介绍广告植入。G项契合上

下文语境。故选G项。

3.根据空后“Companieslikeitbecauseithelpsthemsellmoreproducts.（公司喜欢它,因为它

帮助他们销售更多的产品）“其中it指代E项中的productplacement,E项表示植入式广告带

来巨大利益，所以大公司喜欢它。故选E项。

4.上文“Afewweeksafterthemoviewasreleased,thesalesofReese'sPiecesincreasedby

65%.（电影上映几周后，里斯巧克力的销量增长了65%）举例一家糖果公司因电影中植入广告

获取了颇丰的收益，B项表示这样的例子还有另一部电影，空后又是宝马公司在电影中让演

员开宝马车，从而宝马车销量大增，JamesBond也前后呼应。故B项。

5.前面三段介绍了电影中植入式广告为商家带来利益，由空后“Peopleclaimittrickspeople

intowatchingadvertisementsunknowingly.（人们声称它欺骗人们在不知情的情况下看广告）“可

知，最后一段在介绍植入式广告的负面影响，受到观众的指责。故选D项。

二、阅读理解

A篇：ABAB

【大意】这是一篇议论文。作者阐述应该允许克隆技术在科学领域尤其医学领域的使用。

6.词义猜测题。根据下文“andcouldn,thavemorechildren.（他们不能再生更多的孩子了）''可

知I,该划线词意思应该是不能生孩子，不育的。故选A项。

7.

细节理解题。根据第二段末句"Thefollowingaresomeofthereasonswhycloningshouldbe

allowed.（以下是为什么克隆应该被允许的一些原因）”及接下来第三段首句“Throughcloning,

researchcanprogress.（通过克隆，研究才能进步）”第四段首句"Cloningorgansfororgan

transplants（移植）isoneofthemajorpracticalreasonsthatcloningshouldbeallowed.（为器官移

植而克隆器官是应该允许克隆的主要现实原因之一）''第五段首句“Rejuvenation（恢复青春）is

alsoakeyargumentforadvocatesofck）ning.（恢复青春也是支持克隆的一个关键论据）”可知，

作者在第三至五段列举了三个支持克隆技术应用的理由。故选B项。

8.细节理解题。根据第二段"Itishardtotellsomeonethattheycannotusecloningtohave

childrenwhennootherpossiblewaystohavechildrenareavailable.Thisisonereasonwhyitis

difficulttodecidewhethercloningismoralornot.（在没有其他生育方法的情况下，很难告诉别

人他们不能通过克隆来生育孩子。这就是为什么很难决定克隆是否道德的原因之一）”可知，

目前使用克隆技术为不能生育的夫妇克隆孩子还不能说是符合道德和伦理的。故A项内容

表述与原文内容不符。故选A项。

9.推理判断题。根据第二段末句“Thefollowingaresomeofthereasonswhycloningshouldbe

allowed.（以下是为什么克隆应该被允许的一些原因）”及接下来第三段首句“Throughcloning,

researchcanprogress.（通过克隆，研究才能进步）“第四段首句"Cloningorgansfororgan

transplants（移植）isoneofthemajorpracticalreasonsthatcloningshouldbeallowed.（为器官移

植而克隆器官是应该允许克隆的主要现实原因之一）”第五段首句“Rejuvenation（恢复青春）is

alsoakeyargumentforadvocatesofcloning.（恢复青春也是支持克隆的一个关键论据）“可知，

作者对克隆人类技术的使用是持支持态度的，并列举了自己的论据。故选B项。

B篇：ADCA

【大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“黑人”和“非裔美国人”被看待的方式不同的表现。

10.细节理解题。根据第一段“Thisonewaschosenbecauseitechoedthelabelsofgroups,suchas

"ItalianAmericans^^and"IrishAmericans”,thathadalreadybeenfreedofwidespread

discrimination.（之所以选择这个词，是因为它呼应了一些群体的标签，如“意大利裔美国人”

和“爱尔兰裔美国人”，这些群体已经摆脱了广泛的歧视”可知，杰西・杰克逊用“非裔美国

人''这个词来指代非洲裔美国人是因为它没有种族偏见。故选Ao

11.细节理解题。根据第四段“Ajobapplicationmightmentionaffiliations（关系）withgroups

suchasthe“WisconsinAssociationofAfrican-AmericanLawyers^^orthe“NationalBlack

EmployeesAssociation"，thenamesofwhichapparentlyhaveconsequences,andarealsobeyond

theirmembers'control.（工作申请中可能会提到与“威斯康辛非洲裔律师协会”或“全国黑人雇

员协会”等组织的关系，这些组织的名字显然会产生影响，而且这些组织的成员也无法控

制。）”可知，艾瑞卡・霍尔的发现说明了求职者都应该小心他们的关系。故选D。

12.细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Toonegroup,hewasidentifiedas''African-American'',and

anotherwastoldhewas“Black”.Withlittleelsetogoon,theywereaskedtoestimateMr

Williams'salary,professionalstanding,andeducationalbackground.（对一组人来说，他被认定

为“非裔美国人”，而对另一组人则被告知他是“黑人在没有其他证据的情况下，他们被要

求估算威廉姆斯先生的薪水、职业地位和教育背景。）“可知，艾瑞卡•霍尔在她对一个姓威

廉姆斯的男人的实验中发现了人们对一个人的看法与他或她被贴上的标签有很大关系。故选

Co

13.推理判断题。根据最后一段"Perhapsanewphraseisneeded,onethatcanbringeveryoneone

bigstepclosertorealizingDuBois'original,idealistichope:"It'snotthename-it'stheThingthat

counts/5（也许我们需要一个新的短语，一个可以让每个人离实现杜波依斯最初的理想主义

希望更近一步的短语:“重要的不是名字，而是事情本身。“）”可推断，杜波依斯博士的理想

是所有美国人都享有平等的权利。故选A。

C篇：CCAB

【大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了人们在选择伴侣时会倾向于寻找与自己有诸多共同

点的人这一现象。

14.推理判断题。根据第一段“Youmaynotrealizeit,butwhenyoustareatyourpartner'seyes,

there'sagoodchancethatyou'relookingatamodifiedreflectionofyourself.Researchershave

foundthatpeoplechoosepartnerswhotendtobeofsimilarsize,shape,andraceasthemselves...

andtheymayevenhavefacialfeaturesincommon.（你可能没有意识至U，但当你盯着伴侣的眼睛

时，很有可能你看到的是修改过的自己的倒影。研究人员发现，人们选择的伴侣往往与自己

的尺码、体型和种族相似……他们甚至可能有共同的面部特征）”;第二段“TakeLotGeelsfrom

AmsterdamandherAmericanhusband,BrockMosovsky,forexample.**Wehavesimilarblonde

hairandblueeyes,5'saysLot."Neitherofusisverytall.We'rebothbuiltathleticallyandwe're

bothmainlyofEuropeanorigin.（以阿姆斯特丹的LotGeels和她的美国丈夫BrockMosovsky

为例。“我们有相似的金发和蓝眼睛，"Lot说，“我们两个都不是很高。我们都是运动员，

我们都是欧洲血统）“可推知，Lot和Brock这对夫妇是因为彼此的相似之处而被相互吸引的。

故选C。

15.词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Researchershavebeenstudyingthephenomenonofpeople

withsimilaritiespairingup”（几十年来，研究人员一直在研究相似人配对的现象，）即积极选

型配对。故positiveassortativecoupling即是指的similaritiespairingup,画线词意思是“相似

类型的“。故选C。

16.推理判断题。根据最后一段中"They'relessthreatening,lessscary.They'llbemoreofa

familiarpersonfromthestart.Familiarityissomethingwefindattractive.（它们没有那么可怕,那

么吓人。从一开始他们就会更熟悉。熟悉是我们觉得有吸引力的东西）“可知，人们会试图

寻找相似的人作为伴侣是因为和他们在一起很舒服。故选Ao

17.推理判断题。根据第一段“Youmaynotrealizeit,butwhenyoustareatyourpartner'seyes,

there'sagoodchancethatyou'relookingatamodifiedreflectionofyourself.Researchershave

foundthatpeoplechoosepartnerswhotendtobeofsimilarsize,shape,andraceasthemselves...

andtheymayevenhavefacialfeaturesincommon.（你可能没有意识到，但当你盯着伴侣的眼睛

时，很有可能你看到的是修改过的自己的倒影。研究人员发现，人们选择的伴侣往往与自己

的尺码、体型和种族相似……他们甚至可能有共同的面部特征）“结合文章说明了人们在选择

伴侣时会倾向于寻找与自己有诸多共同点的人这一现象。可推知，作者想要传达的信息是“物

以类聚，人以群分故选B。

三、语法填空

18.how19.Start20.arebeingspared21.haveto22.despite

23.whose24.those25.whi