中考英语主谓一致练习

汇报人：XX2024-02-03中考英语主谓一致练习目录ThebasicconceptofsubjectverbconsistencyThepredicateformwhenthesubjectisasingularnounorpronoun目录ThepredicateformwhenthesubjectisapluralnounorpronounThepredicateformwhenthesubjectisanuncountablenounThepredicateformwhenthesubjectisacoordinatestructure目录TheproblemofsubjectverbconsistencyininvertedsentencesandinterrogativesentencesPracticeofrealproblemsandimprovementstrategies01ThebasicconceptofsubjectverbconsistencyDefinitionSubjectverbconsistencyreferstothegrammaticalrulethatthesubjectandverbmustagreeinnumberinasentence.Inotherwords,asingularsubjectmusthaveasingularverb,andapluralsubjectmusthaveapluralverb.FunctionThisruleensuresthatsentencesaregrammaticallycorrectandeasytounderstand.Ithelpsreadersorlistenerstoidentifywhoorwhatisperformingtheactiondescribedbytheverb.DefinitionandFunctionRegularVerbsMostverbsinEnglishfollowaregularpatternwhenformingtheirpasttenseandpastparticipleforms.Forexample,"walk"becomes"walked"inthepasttenseand"haswalked"inthepresentperfecttense.IrregularVerbsSomeverbsinEnglishdonotfollowtheregularpatternandhaveirregularforms.Forexample,"go"becomes"went"inthepasttenseand"hasgone"inthepresentperfecttense.Itisimportanttolearntheseirregularverbstomaintainsubjectverbconsistency.RegularandIrregularVerbsUsingasingularverbwithapluralsubject:Thisisacommonerrormadebystudents.Forexample,"Theyhasarrived"isincorrectbecause"they"ispluralandshouldbefollowedbyapluralverb"have".Usingapluralverbwithasingularsubject:Anothercommonerrorisusingapluralverbwithasingularsubject.Forexample,"Heareplaying"isincorrectbecause"he"issingularandshouldbefollowedbyasingularverb"is".Ignoringtheeffectofprepositionalphrases:Sometimesstudentsignoretheeffectofprepositionalphrasesonsubjectverbconsistency.Forexample,"Thebookwiththeredcoverisonthetable"iscorrecteventhoughthereisaprepositionalphrase"withtheredcover"becausethesubject"book"issingularandagreeswiththesingularverb"is".Commontypesoferrors02ThepredicateformwhenthesubjectisasingularnounorpronounGeneralruleWhenthesubjectisasingularnounorpronoun(e.g.,he,she,it),theverbshouldbeinthethirdpersonsingularform.FormationofthirdpersonsingularverbsMostverbsadd"-s"or"-es"inthethirdpersonsingularform(e.g.,eats,walks).ExceptionstotheruleSomeverbshaveirregularthirdpersonsingularforms(e.g.,has,does).VerbsinthirdpersonsingularformIdentificationofthebaseformTheoriginalformofaverbisitsbaseform,whichistypicallyusedinthepresenttensewithpluralsubjectsorthefirstandsecondpersonsingular.UseofthebaseforminothertensesThebaseformisalsousedinsomeothertenses,suchasthepresentcontinuoustense(e.g.,iseating)andthefuturetense(e.g.,willeat).ExplorationoftheOriginalFormofVerbsUnderstandingofsentencestructure:Analyzingexamplequestionsalsohelpsstudentsunderstandthestructureofsentencesandhowdifferentpartsofspeechinteractwitheachother,particularlyintermsofsubject-verbagreement.Identificationofsubject-verbagreementerrors:Examplequestionsoftenteststudents'abilitytoidentifyerrorsinsubject-verbagreement.Commonerrorsincludeusingapluralverbwithasingularsubjectorviceversa.Correctionoferrors:Tocorrectsubject-verbagreementerrors,studentsneedtoidentifythecorrectformoftheverbtomatchthesubject.Thismayinvolvechangingtheverbtothethirdpersonsingularformorthebaseform,dependingonthecontext.Analysisoftypicalexamplequestions03ThepredicateformwhenthesubjectisapluralnounorpronounWhenthesubjectisapluralnounorpronoun,theverbmustalsobeinthepluralformtomaintainsubject-verbagreement.Pluralformsofverbstypicallyendin“-s”or“-es”inthepresenttense,suchas“plays”or“goes”becoming“play”or“go”whenusedwithpluralsubjects.Itisimportanttonotethatsomeverbsdonotchangetheirformintheplural,suchas“have”or“are,”whichremainthesameregardlessofthesubject’snumber.RulesforusingpluralformsofverbsAcommonerrorisusingasingularverbwithapluralsubject,whichcreatesagrammaticalmismatchandcanconfusethereader.Itisalsoessentialtobeawareofexceptionstothegeneralrules,suchascollectivenounsthatmaybetreatedassingularorpluraldependingonthecontext.Anothermistaketoavoidisaddingunnecessarypluralmarkerstoverbsthatdonotrequirethem,suchasaddingan“s”to“have”or“are.”NotesanderrorpronepointsExample:“Thechildren_______(play)intheparkeveryafternoon.”Inthiscase,thecorrectformoftheverb“play”is“play”becausethesubject“children”isplural.Anotherexample:“Myfamily_______(have)dinnertogethereveryevening.”Here,theverb“have”remainsunchangedbecause“family”istreatedasacollectivenounreferringtomultipleindividuals.Itishelpfultopracticeidentifyingthesubjectandverbinasentenceanddeterminingwhethertheyagreeinnumbertoavoidcommonmistakes.Analysisoftypicalexamplequestions04Thepredicateformwhenthesubjectisanuncountablenoun

TheCharacteristicsofCountlessNounsasSubjectsUncountablenounsrefertosubstances,concepts,orabstractentitiesthatcannotbecounted.Theyaretypicallyprecededbyarticlessuchas"some,""any,""no,""alittle,"or"much,"andcannotbepluralized.Commonexamplesofuncountablenounsinclude"water,""milk,""advice,""information,"and"happiness."Whenanuncountablenounservesasthesubjectofasentence,theverbshouldbeinthesingularform.Thisisbecauseuncountablenounsareconsideredasawholeandarethereforesingularinnature.Forexample,inthesentence"Milkisgoodforyourhealth,"theverb"is"isinthesingularformtoagreewiththeuncountablenoun"milk."IstheverbinsingularorpluralformExample1"Whichofthefollowingsentencesiscorrect?A.Someinformationsareuseful.B.Someinformationisuseful."AnalysisInthisexample,"information"isanuncountablenoun,sothecorrectsentenceis"Someinformationisuseful"withtheverb"is"inthesingularform.Example2"Whichverbformshouldbeusedinthissentence?'Alargeamountofmoney_______(be)neededfortheproject.'"AnalysisInthissentence,"alargeamountofmoney"referstoanuncountablenounphrase.Therefore,thecorrectverbformtouseisthesingular"is"toagreewiththesubject.01020304Analysisoftypicalexamplequestions05ThepredicateformwhenthesubjectisacoordinatestructureTheprincipleofparallelsubjectpredicateverbfollowingWhenthesubjectcontainstwoormorenounsorpronounsconnectedbyand,boththenounsorpronounsrequirepluralverbs.Forexample,"Thecatanddogareplayingtogether."ParallelsubjectsrequireparallelverbsIfthesubjectissingular,evenifitisfollowedbyaprepositionalphraseorclause,theverbshouldstillbesingular.Forexample,"Theboy,whoiswearingaredshirt,isrunning."SingularsubjectsrequiresingularverbsProximityprinciple:Theverbagreeswiththenounorpronounthatisclosertoit.Forexample,inthesentence"Eitherthestudentsortheteacherisresponsibleforthemistake,"theverb"is"agreeswiththeclosernoun"teacher"becauseitissingular.Distanceprinciple:Sometimes,theverbmayagreewiththenounorpronounthatisfartherawayfromit,especiallywhentheclosernounorpronounisconsideredasawholewiththeverb.Forexample,inthesentence"Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherareresponsibleforthemistake,"theverb"are"agreeswiththefarthernoun"students"because"notonly...butalso"connectstwosubjectstogether.ApplicationscenariosofproximityanddistanceprinciplesExample1:"EithermyroommatesorI____(be)responsibleforcleaningthekitchen."Inthiscase,theverbshouldbe"am"becausetheclosersubject"I"issingular.Example2:"Bothmyparentsaswellasmysister____(be)comingtovisitmenextweek."Here,theverbshouldbe"are"because"myparents"arepluraleventhough"mysister"issingular.Thephrase"aswellasmysister"isconsideredasadditionalinformationanddoesnotaffectthesubject-verbagreement.Example3:"Neitherthecatnorthedogs____(be)playingintheyard."Inthissentence,theverbshouldbe"are"becausethepluralsubject"thedogs"isclosertotheverbthanthesingularsubject"thecat."Analysisoftypicalexamplequestions06Theproblemofsubjectverbconsistencyininvertedsentencesandinterrogativesentences01Ininvertedsentences,theverbmustagreewiththesubject,nottheprepositionalphraseorotherinterveningwords.02Whenthesubjectfollowstheverb,specialattentionshouldbepaidtoensuresubject-verbagreement.03Incaseswherethesubjectisseparatedfromtheverbbyalongprepositionalphraseorclause,caremustbetakentoidentifythecorrectsubjectandmatchtheverbaccordingly.SubjectverbconsistencyruleininvertedsentencesInyes/noquestionsformedbyaddingauxiliaryverbs,themainverbshouldagreewiththesubjectofthesentence.Ininterrogativesentences,thesubjectandverbmuststillagree,evenifthewordorderischanged.Whentheauxiliaryverbisplacedbeforethesubjectinaquestion,themainverbshouldagreewiththesubjectthatfollowsit.NotesonsubjectverbconsistencyininterrogativesentencesExample1:"Amongthegroupofstudents,_______(be)severalwhoareparticularlyinterestedinscience."Inthiscase,thesubjectis"several,"whichisplural,sothecorrectverbformis"are."Example2:"Whichofthefollowing_______(be)themostimportantfactorindeterminingsuccess?"Here,thesubjectis"factor,"whichissingular,sothecorrectverbformis"is."Example3:"Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacher_______(be)enthusiasticaboutthenewproject."Inthissentence,thesubjectis"notonly...butalso...,"whichrequirestheverbtoagreewiththenearersubject,"teacher,"sothecorrectverbformis"is."Analysisoftypicalexamplequestions07Practiceofrealproblemsandimprovementstrategies