2022届高考英语高频词汇阅读加强练（一）

2022高考英语高频词汇阅读加强练(一)

目录内容

专题一词汇精细化讲解

专题二词汇应用于句式

专题三阅读专项练习

|~~专题一词汇精细化讲解

1:minorityn.少数;少到

(l)aminorityof少数inthe/aminority占少数;成为少数派

(2)minoradj.较小的;次要的;轻微的aminorroad小路

(3)majorityn.多数amajorityof大多数;大部分inthe/amajority占多数

(4)majoradj.主要的;重要的amajorrole主要作用/角色

2：lackv.&n・缺乏;缺少

(Diackn.缺少;缺乏lackofsth.缺少某物forlackofsth.因为缺少某物

(2)lackvt.缺少;缺乏lackslh.缺少某物

(3)lackingadj.缺少的belackingin…缺乏....

3：varyv.改变;使多样化;变化

(l)varywith随...变化varyin在....方面变化varyfrom…to...从....到....变化

(2)variousadj.各种各样的varietyn.多样化;种类avarietyof(=varieties0。不同种类的，各种各样的

要点提醒：

(l)avarietyof/varietiesof(许多的)+可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

(2)avarietyof/varietiesof(许多的)+不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

(3)thevarietyof(表种类)+可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

4：congratulationn.祝贺

1Congratulationstosb.on/uponsth.祝贺某人某事Congratulations!恭喜！

(2)congratulatesb.on/upon(doing)sth.就(做了)某事向某人祝贺

5：amazingadj.令人吃惊的;令人惊讶的

(l)amazei".使惊奇;使惊愕;使惊诧Itamazes/amazedsb.that…让某人惊讶的是

(2)amazed。的.感到惊奇的;觉得惊讶的beamazedat/bysth.对某事感到惊讶

beamazedtodo/that对...感到惊讶

(3)amazinglyad比令人惊奇地

(4)amazement〃.惊讶;惊愕toone'samazement令某人惊讶的是

inamazement吃惊地，惊奇地

6：firmadj.坚固的;坚定的

adv.坚固地;坚定地

n.公司

firmfaith坚定的信念firmsteps坚定的步伐firmlyadv.坚定地;坚决地

anadvertisingfirm广告公司ashippingfirm海运公司runafirm经营公司

7：imaginev.想象;设想;料想

(l)imaginedoingsth.想象做某事imaginesb.doingsth.想象某人做某事

imagine...as/tobe把...想象成imaginethat...误认为...；猜测....

imagine+wh-clause...想象...

(2)imaginationn.想象力beyondimagination超出想象

8：involvevt.包括;需要

(l)involvesb.in(doing)sth.使某人参与(做)某事;使某人牵扯到某事中

involvedoingsth.包括做某事

(2)involvedadj.复杂的;有牵连的;有关的

get/beinvolvedin被卷入...之中;热衷于;专心于

(3)involvementA-----1

专题三阅读专项练习

9：aboardadv.&p、.-……八，，上船,登机;上车

goaboard(theplane)登机

Allaboard!(口)请大家上船/车/飞机!

Welcomeaboard!欢迎乘坐!

onboard=aboard在(车、船、飞机等)上

10：instructionn.(常作复数)指示,说明;[U]指导，讲授，教育

(l)followtheinstructions服从指示;按照说明

carryoutone*sinstructions执行某人的命令

(2)instructv.命令;指示

instructsb.todosth.命令某人做某事instructsb.insth.教授某人某方面的知识

instructthat…命令...(从句用虚拟语气)

(3)instructiveadj.有教育意义的

(4)instructorn.导师;教练

专题二词汇应用于句式

1.Writinganarticleaboutanethnic(minor).

2.ButeventhoughsomeBritishpeoplearequitestrange,themajorityofthem(be)reallyfriendly

andFvemadesomegoodfriends.

3.Tohisdisappointment,heistheminorityinsupportingthemarketingplan.

4.Youshouldreportanyincident,however(minority)itis.

5.然而，大多数人之所以能成为有效的演讲者，是因为他们受过训练。

However,peopleareeffectivespeakersbecausetheytraintobe.

6.这位年轻演员在这部新电影中获得了主角。

Theyoungactorwasgiveninthenewfilm.

7.WehadaflattyreandIwastryingtochangethewheel.Butitwasstuck(firm).

8.Storieslikethataremorecommoninpartsoftheworld,wheremultigenerationallivingismore

(firm)rooted.

9.Ourgenerationoncejoinedhandsandstoodinthevalueofcoldbaths.

10.这个小宝贝脚下还不稳，所以不能自信地站立,也不能自信地走路。

Thelittlebabyonhisfeetyet,sohedoesnotstandorwalkconfidently.

11.Doyouwanttomakemorefriendsbut(lack)theconfidencetotalktopeopleyoudon't

know?

12.Ofthe9,500driverstestedsincethebeginningoftheyear,23%werefoundlackingroad

knowledge.

13.Thesechildrenhavehealthproblemslinkedtoapoordietandlackofexercise.

14.Moreandmorehigh-risebuildingshavebeenbuiltinbigcitieslackofspace.

15.四天过去了，由于缺乏水和食物灾区很多人失去了生命。

Fourdayspassed,andalotofliveswerelostinthedisaster-hitareaswaterandfood.

16.由于缺乏资金，该隧道工程已经被推迟了。

Becauseoffunds,thetunnelprojecthasalreadybeenputoff.

17.Imagineasituationtwostrangersaretalkingtoeachothej.(教材原句)

18.Imagine(stand)atthetopofthehill,andwhatawonderfulviewyouwillsee.

19.I'mnotsuiprisedthathebecameawriter.Evenasachildhehadavivid(imagine).

20.你也许会想象，在这样的世界里所有的人都会时刻浸润在幸福里。

Youmayimagineallthetime.

21.你能想象出20年后失去工作会是什么样子吗？

Canyouitwouldbeliketoloseyourjobafter20years?

22.Weseeexamplesofunconsciousbodylanguageveryoften,yetthereisalso“learned“bodylanguage,

which(vary)fromculturetoculture.

23.StudentsarehiredeachyearinavarietysummerpositionsacrosstheProvincialPublic

Service.

24.Ilikereadingverymuch,especiallystorybooks,varyingfromChinesestories

Englishstories.

25.Changesinpricenormallyvarychangesofsupplyandneed.

26.GreetingsinAsiancountriesdonotinvolve(touch)theotherperson,buttheyalways

involvethehands

27.Thereareplentyofopportunitiesfbrthecreativepersontobecome(involve),including

workshopsandevents.

28.Planningabalanceddietinvolves(try)newanddifferentkindsoffoods.

29.Studentsshouldinvolvethemselvescommunitieswheretheycangainexperiencefor

growth.

30.Inarecentbook,headvocatedmuchmoregovernment(involve)inhealthcare.

31.Thepartyisachanceforfriendsandfamilytothepersononthenewhome.

32.Theythe25thweddinganniversaryinChinaandalltheiroldfriendswentto

themontheirsilverwedding,whichmovedthemdeeply.

33.WhenYanglanded,PremierWenJiabaotelephonedtheControlCentretoofferhis

(congratulate).(

34.ChineseNewYearisa(celebrate)markingtheendofthewinterseasonandthe

beginningofspring.

35.Theteachersareveryenthusiasticandfriendlyandtheclassroomsare(amaze).

36.Manyvisitorswere(amaze)bythecomplexarchitecturalspaceandabundantbuilding

types.

37..(amaze),thesepeoplelivelargelybytheirownlawsandtheirownsocialcustoms.

38.Muchtomy(amaze),IfoundtheeducationsystemintheUKwastotallydifferentfrom

thatofmyhomecountry.

39.Shewasamazed(find)thefridgeempty;thechildrenhadeateneverything!

40.MsShengaveus(instruct)andthenweworkedbyourselves.

41.Itisthemost(instruct)lecturethatIhaveattendedsinceIcametothisschool.

42.Theletterinstructedthathe(report)ittothegeneralmanageratonce.

43.Itissogoodahabittoinstructchildren(lay)thingswheretheybelongwhentheyare

young.

44.Theyallthinkhighlyofthebookbecauseitisinterestingand(instruct).

专题三阅读专项练习

Wheredohurricanenamescomefrom?Whydowegivehumannamestoviolent,mindlessmassesofwaterand

wind?Andhowdoweallagreewhichnametouse?

Beforethe1940s,onlytheworststormsweregivennames.1.TherewastheSeaIslandsHurricaneof1893,the

GreatGalvestonHurricaneof1900andtheLaborDayHurricaneof1935tonameafew.

Thepracticeofusingmorememorablenamesdidn'tbeginuntil1950.ItwaswhenAtlantictropicalhurricanes

receivedofficialnames,althoughtheystillweren'thumanones.2.Sothe1950seasonfeaturedsuchstrangely

namedstormsasHurricaneDog,HurricaneEasyandHurricaneLove.

3.Thesamelistofnameswasrecycledeveryyear,sothe1950-1952seasonseachfeaturedaHurricaneAble

throughatleastHurricaneFox.Thatbecameconfusing,soin1953theU.S.NationalHurricaneCenterbeganusing

femalehumannames,whichprovedfarmoresuccessful.Notonlydiditmakestormidentificationeasier,butit

helpedauthoritiesandnewsoutletsspreadwarnings.4.

Thefirsthurricanenameswereofteninspiredbyforecasters*wives,butin1979men'snameswereaddedtothe

mixTheWorldMeteorologicalOrganizationnowmonitorsthemasterlistofnames,whichalternatesbetweenmale

andfemalessixlistsarerotatedannuallyintheAtlantic.sothe2015nameswillbeusedagainin2021.

5.Seventy-eightAtlantichurricanenameshavebeenretiredsince1954,including29since2000.

A.Besides,ithelpedthepublicpayattentiontothem.

B.Thesenameswerechosenfromsomefamiliarwords.

C.Thisnamingrule,however,hadanobviousweakness.

D.Thesenamesofretiredhurricanesaresillyorunreasonable.

E.Butwhenahunicaneisbadenough,itsnamecanberetired.

F.Theywereusuallybasedontheplaceortimeofyeartheymadelandfall.

G.Itisalsoeasiertousenameswhenwehavemorethanonestormtotrack.

(B)

ThereisaschoolinmyManhattanneighbourhoodthathasbeengivingoutfreemealsduringtheCovid-19

pandemicandeverytimeIwalkpastitthelineseemslonger.Acommunityfridgerecentlyshowedupacoupleof

blocksaway;it'soneofmanythatactivistshavefixedacrossthecitytofightagainstgrowingfoodinsecurity.Just

aroundthecornerthere'sayoungwomanwhohasbecomearegularamongthebeggarsIusuallyseeinthearea.

ShelostherjobbecauseofCovid-19.

It'snotalldoomandgloom.Whilethepooraregettingpoorer,the1%aremakingoutlikerobbers.

America's600-plusbillionairessawtheirwealthgrowbymorethan$700bninthefirstfewmonthsofthe

pandemic.Duringthesameperiod,morethan50millionAmericanworkerslosttheirjobs.TheUSgovernmenthas

printedtrillionsofdollarsineconomicreliefbutmanyoftheforgivableemergencyloansforsmallbusinessesseem

tohavebeentakenbythesuper-rich.Mylocalindependentcoffeeshophascloseddown,butKanyeWestreceived

apartiallyforgivableloanworthatleast$2m.ItisbecomingincreasinglyclearthattheUSisexperiencingoneof

thebiggestwealthtransfersinhistory.

BernieSandershasaplantohelp.Lastweek,Sandersintroducedabill,MakeBillionairesPayAct,thatwould

establishaone-time60%taxonbillionaires,pandemicgainsandusethemoneytoguaranteeAmericansfreehealth

careforayear.Thereisverylittlechancethebillwillgetpassed.

Billionairesshouldn'texistinthefirstplace——theideathattheyshouldbetaxedatahigherrateduringa

pandemictohelppayhealthcareshouldn'tberemotelycontroversial.However,therearesomewhothinksucha

movewouldbeextremelyunfairto“poorunfbrtunate,,billionaireswho,asweallknow,areoneofthemost

unfairlyhurtgroupsintheworld.

1.Howdoestheauthordevelopthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.Bylistingnumbers.B.Bygivingdefinitions.

C.Bypresentingarguments.D.Bymakingcontrasts.

2.Theunderlinedsentence"It'snotalldoomandgloom.^^impliesthat.

A.thewriterdoesn'tfeeldepressedatall

B.thecurrentsituationofCovid-19isgettingbetter

C.thewomanhassufferedmorethanwecanimagine

D.thebillionairesstillmakeprofitsduringthepandemic

3.Thebill,MakeBillionairesPayAct,wasputforwardto.

A.ridthecountryofpandemicB.restrictthebillionaires'fortune

C.provideshort-termloansforhealthcareD.ensuretemporaryfreemedicalservice

4.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthebillionaires?

A.Disapproving.B.Disappointed.C.Sympathetic.D.Respectful.

minorityareinminorthemajorityofamajorrolefirmfirmlyfirmfirmbelief

isnotveryfirmlackinaforforlackofalackof

wherestandingimaginationthateveryoneintheworldwouldbehappyimaginewhat

variesoftowithtouchinginvolvedtryingininvolvementcongratulate

celebratedcongratulatecongratulationscelebration

amazingamazedAmazinglyamazementtofindinstructionsinstructive（should）reportto

layinstructive

1.由下一句“1893年的海岛飓风，1900年的加尔维斯顿大飓风和1935年的劳动节飓风

等等。”可知，这些飓风都是根据时间地点来命名的，承接下文，F选项“它们通常是根据它

们一年中登陆的地点或时间来确定的。”切题。故选F项。

2.由上两句“使用更容易记住的名字的做法直到1950年才开始。那是大西洋热带飓风正

式命名的时候，尽管它们还不是人类的名字和下一句“所以1950年的季节有这样奇怪的命

名风暴，如飓风狗，飓风易和飓风爱。“可知，飓风狗，飓风易和飓风爱（Dog、Easy和Love

很熟悉常见）都是选用熟悉的词命名的，承接上下文，B选项”这些名字是从一些熟悉的词中

选出来的。”切题。故选B项。

3.由下三句“每年都会重复使用相同的名称列表，所以1950-1952年的每一季都至少有

一次飓风能和飓风福克斯。这让人很困惑，因此1953年美国国家飓风中心开始使用女性人名，

这一做法被证明是成功的。它不仅使风暴识别更加容易，而且帮助当局和新闻机构传播警报。”

可知，选用熟悉的词给飓风命名，会产生有“许多相同名字飓风”的弱点，这让人们很困惑，

这不利于识别飓风和发出警报，所以才出现了用女性人名命名的方式（有利于识别飓风和发出

警报），承接下文，C选项“然而，这个命名规则有一个明显的弱点。”切题。故选C项。

4.由上一句“它不仅使风暴识别更加容易，而且帮助当局和新闻机构传播警报。”可知，

上下两句讲飓风用女性人名命名的好处，上下两句是顺承递进关系，承接上文，A选项“此外，

它也有助于公众对它们的关注。”切题。故选A项。

5.由下一句“自1954年以来，已有78个大西洋飓风名称被注销，其中29个是2000年

以来的。”可知，承接下文，E选项“但是当飓风够糟糕的时候，它的名字可以注销。”切题;

该选项中的retired对应下文的retired,同词复现。故选E项。

1.D根据第一段第一句ThereisaschoolinmyManhatt