江苏省百校大联考2023-2024学年高一上学期12月阶段检测试卷英语试题（解析版）

PAGEPAGE1江苏省百校大联考2023-2024学年高一上学期12月阶段检测英语试卷第一部分听力（略）(共两节,满分30分)第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。APublishedwhiletheclimatecrisishasgivenusaclearpictureoftourism’sharms,thebooksbelowdescribethenecessityandopportunityforreplanningtravelasbettermanagedandevenmorebeneficialtolocalpeople—which,together,createagooddefinitionforgreentravel.“TheLastResort:ThehistoryofHeaven,Profit,andDangerattheBeach,”bySarahStodola.Inthisexcitingtravelbook,Stodolastudiesthehistoryandbeautyofbeachtravelingculture,aswellasitseffectsontheenvironmentandlocalcommunities.“Thismajorglobalindustrythathasbroughtabouteconomicandsocialinequalitiesandcontributedtotheclimatecrisiswhilesufferingfromdangerofdisappearing.”saidStodola.“SustainableTravel:TheEssentialGuidetoPositive-EffectAdventures.”byHollyTuppen.Afterjourneyingaroundtheworldwithoutflying,Tuppenbecameatravelexpertwhoviewssustainability(可持续性)asnecessarytoprotectourplanetandcommunities.Inthisbook,shepresentsageneraldescriptionofsustainabletravelanditsrelationshiptotheclimateandwildliferisk.“Horizon,”byBarryLopez.Throughsixregions,includingtheOregonCoastandtheAntarctic,Lopezuseshisuniquestyleandtravelingexperienceinmorethan70countriestocreateabookfilledwithwondersandconcern.“Ourquestionisnolongerhowtousethenaturalworldforhumancomfortandgain,buthowwecancooperatewithoneanothertoensurewewillsomedayfitinwithitmorerespectfully,”hewrites.“BeyondGuiltTrips:MindfulTravelinanUnequalWorld,”byAnuTaranath.Inthisaward-winningbook,Taranathofferstipsforreconciling(使和谐一致)ourexpectationswiththeculturaldifferenceswemeetwhiletraveling.Althoughthebookisn’tagreentravelguideinitself,itdoesprovidenecessarysocialresponsibilitiesthatcanincreaseoursustainabilityeffortstoplanourjourneyswithgreaterrespect.1.Whichbookdescribesakindoftravelingsufferingfromdangeritself?A.TheLastResort:ThehistoryofHeaven,Profit,andDangerattheBeach.B.SustainableTravel:TheEssentialGuidetoPositive-EffectAdventures.C.Horizon.D.BeyondGuiltTrips:MindfulTravelinanUnequalWorld.2.WhatisspecialaboutthebookBeyondGuiltTrip?A.Itadvisesustoshowmorerespectfornature. B.Itsexcellencemadeitanaward-winningbook.C.Itsauthorhasdifferenttravelingexperiences. D.Itdescribesenvironmentalriskstravelinghascaused.3.Whoisthisarticleintendedfor?A.Peoplewholikereadingbooksabouttraveling. B.Peoplewhoshowconcernfornature.C.Peoplewholiketravelingandrespectnature. D.Peoplewhocareaboutglobaldevelopment.〖答案〗1.A2.A3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于绿色旅游的四本书。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thismajorglobalindustrythathasbroughtabouteconomicandsocialinequalitiesandcontributedtotheclimatecrisiswhilesufferingfromdangerofdisappearing.”saidStodola.(“这个主要的全球性产业带来了经济和社会的不平等，加剧了气候危机，同时面临消失的危险。”斯托多拉说。)和第二段黑体字书名“TheLastResort:ThehistoryofHeaven,Profit,andDangerattheBeach(《最后的度假村：天堂的历史，利润，和危险的海滩》)”可知，TheLastResort:ThehistoryofHeaven,Profit,andDangerattheBeach这本书描述了旅行会带来危险。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的黑体字书名“BeyondGuiltTrips:MindfulTravelinanUnequalWorld(《超越内疚之旅:在不平等的世界中用心旅行》)”以及“Althoughthebookisn’tagreentravelguideinitself,itdoesprovidenecessarysocialresponsibilitiesthatcanincreaseoursustainabilityeffortstoplanourjourneyswithgreaterrespect.(虽然这本书本身不是一本绿色旅游指南，但它确实提供了必要的社会责任，可以增加我们的可持续性努力，以更尊重的方式规划我们的旅程)”可知，BeyondGuiltTrip这本书的特别之处在于，它建议我们更加尊重自然。故选A。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Publishedwhiletheclimatecrisishasgivenusaclearpictureoftourism’sharms,thebooksbelowdescribethenecessityandopportunityforreplanningtravelasbettermanagedandevenmorebeneficialtolocalpeople—which,together,createagooddefinitionforgreentravel.(尽管气候危机让我们对旅游业的危害有了清晰的认识，但下面的书描述了重新规划旅游业的必要性和机遇，认为它们管理得更好，对当地人更有益——这些因素加在一起，为绿色旅游下了一个很好的定义)”可知，文章主要介绍了关于绿色旅游的四本书。由此推知，文章是写给那些喜欢旅游和尊重自然的人。故选C。BWhenArielRojasrodeherbiketoBayWildlifeReserveinQueens,NewYork,lastNovember,sheplannedtogohikingandbird-watching.Amileintoherwalk,shesuddenlyspottedabeautifulswanstrugglingnearthewater’sedge.Ariel,30,whohadworkedattheWildBirdRecoveryCenterinManhattanknewthatswanswerelikelytoviewherasapredatorandattackherbutassheapproachedthisone,itdidn’tmove.Shewascertainthatthebirdneededmedicalattention,soshecoveredherjacketoverthebird’sheadtokeepitcalm,gentlypickeditupbutthenathoughtstruckher:WhatshouldIdonext?ThenearestWildBirdRecoveryCenterwasacrosstheEastRiverandclearontheothersideoftown.Howwasshegoingtocarrya17-poundswanonherbikeallthatway?Luckily,somestrangersdrivingbyofferedher,herbike,andtheswanalifttoanearbysubwaystation.Onthesubway,nooneseemedtobeparticularlybotheredbythefeatheredpassenger.“Oneguy,”saidAriel,“wassittingrightinfrontofmeonhisphone.Idon’tknowifheevennoticedtherewasaswaninfrontofhim.”Rojascalledthecenterontheway,andTristanHiggin,ananimal-caremanager,pickedherupatthesubwaystationanddrovebird,bike,andRojastothefacility.There,staffmembersdeterminedthattheswanmighthaveheavymetalpoisoning,causedbytakinginweightsusedonfishinglines.Thestaffgottheswanbackuponherfeet,sheevenmadefriendsatthecenter—anotherinjuredswan.Sadly,evenwithallthatlovingcare,theswandidn’tpickup.TwomonthsafterRojascametoheraid,shepassedaway.It’sadisappointingending,buttherealstoryisjusthowfarsomepeoplearewillingtogotosaveaswaninthebigcity.Inall,Rojastraveledtwohoursbyfoot,car,andsubwaywhiledraggingherbike.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“predator”inparagraph1mean?A.ApotentialvolunteerB.Alikelyaudience. C.Apotentialkiller. D.Alikelyhelper.5.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.ItwaseasyforArieltocarrythelittleswan. B.Theswanranintoherwayandwashit.C.Rojassenttheswantothecenterallbyherself. D.Theswanwaskindlyandlovinglytreated.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeRojas?A.Kind-heartedandimaginative. B.Caringandhelpful.C.Strong-mindedandenergetic. D.Positiveandcreative.7.Whatmaybethebesttitleofthepassage?A.APoorSwanSavedbyLove. B.AVolunteerLovingandSavingBirds.C.LovingHonkstoSaveSwans. D.APoorSwanSurroundedwithLove.〖答案〗4.C5.D6.B7.C【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了ArielRojas营救一只受伤天鹅的故事，虽然经过爱心营救，天鹅不久还是死去，警示人们“为了保护天鹅鸟类，要按响汽车喇叭（不要撞伤它们）”。【4题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“andattackher(并攻击她)”以及“butassheapproachedthisone,itdidn’tmove(但当她靠近这只天鹅时，它没有动)”说明正常情况下天鹅会把她当成可能的敌人而攻击她，从而推知“Ariel,30,whohadworkedattheWildBirdRecoveryCenterinManhattanknewthatswanswerelikelytoviewherasapredator(30岁的Ariel曾在曼哈顿的野生鸟类恢复中心工作，她知道天鹅很可能会把她视为predator)”句中划线单词意思是“可能的敌人”，C项“潜在的杀手”与之最为接近。故选C项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Howwasshegoingtocarrya17-poundswanonherbikeallthatway?Luckily,somestrangersdrivingbyofferedher,herbike,andtheswanalifttoanearbysubwaystation.(她怎么能背着一只17磅重的天鹅一路骑自行车呢？幸运的是，一些开车经过的陌生人让她、她的自行车和天鹅搭便车去附近的地铁站。)”等内容可知，天鹅很重，不容易搬运，并且，一路上不是她完全自己把天鹅送去中心的，故排除AC项；根据第一段中“Amileintoherwalk,shesuddenlyspottedabeautifulswanstrugglingnearthewater’sedge.(走了一英里后，她突然发现一只美丽的天鹅在水边挣扎。)”可知，天鹅不是在路上被她遇到的，排除B项；根据最后一段中“Sadly,evenwithallthatlovingcare,theswandidn’tpickup.(可悲的是，即使有了这么多的关爱，天鹅也没有恢复正常。)”等内容可知，这只天鹅受到了热情体贴的关怀。故选D项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“It’sadisappointingending,buttherealstoryisjusthowfarsomepeoplearewillingtogotosaveaswaninthebigcity.Inall,Rojastraveledtwohoursbyfoot,car,andsubwaywhiledraggingherbike.(这是一个令人失望的结局，但真实的故事是，在这个大城市里，某些人为了拯救天鹅，愿意奔走多远。总共，罗哈斯拖着她的自行车，步行、开车、乘地铁走了两个小时。)”可知，Rojas为了救助天鹅，不辞劳苦，从而推知，她是个有爱心乐意施助的人。故选B项。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段的“Luckily,somestrangersdrivingbyofferedher,herbike,andtheswanalifttoanearbysubwaystation.(幸运的是，一些开车经过的陌生人让她、她的自行车和天鹅搭便车去附近的地铁站。)和最后一段“

It’sadisappointingending,buttherealstoryisjusthowfarsomepeoplearewillingtogotosaveaswaninthebigcity.Inall,Rojastraveledtwohoursbyfoot,car,andsubwaywhiledraggingherbike.(这是一个令人失望的结局，但真正的故事是，在这个大城市里，一些人愿意在多大程度上拯救一只天鹅。总的来说科多瓦·罗哈斯步行、乘车和地铁，历经两个小时，还拖着她的自行车。)可知，文章讲述了ArielRojas在散步时发现了一只需要救助的天鹅。最终在陌生的司机等人不断帮助下，她成功将天鹅送到了康复中心。这个故事展示了人们为拯救野生动物所付出的努力。C项“挽救天鹅的爱的鸣笛”为最佳标题，充分体现了在ArielRojas救助天鹅途中各个陌生司机给予的帮助和ArielRojas的爱心。故选C项。CLikehumanarmies,armyantssmoothedoutanythingintheirpath.Theymakeahabitoffindingfoods,oftenmuchlargerthanthemselves,breakingthemintopiecesanddraggingthepiecesbacktotheircamps.Buttheydonoteatthemout,withtheirarmybasesfullofrubbish.Butlittleisknownaboutwhichkindofanimalsfeedonarmyantleavings.ChristophvonBeerenattheTechnicalUniversityofDarmstadtandDanielKronauerattheRockefellerUniversityinNewYorkwenttotherainforestsofCostaRicatofindout.Theyfoundawholeecosystem(生态系统)dependsontheleftfoodstosurvive.Watchinglittleinsects(昆虫)inarainforestismuchtougher—onereasonwhythesecleanershadnotbeenexaminedbefore.ButtheresearchershopedmodernDNAanalysistechniquesmightmakethejobeasier.Workingwithateamofcoworkers,theyfollowedantsbacktotheircamps,finding34placesintotal.Theresearcherscollectedalltheinsectsateachplaceandbroughtthembacktolaboratory.Intotal,theycollected8,364adultbeetles(甲壳虫),511beetlebabyand24beetleeggs.Thosewerespreadacross91species,severalofwhichwerenewtoscience.Farbeyondwhatanyonehadexpected,thesefiguressuggestthattheleftfoodsarenotfast-foodrestaurantsbuthomes,wherethebeetleslivefrombirthtodeath.Howthesespeciesmanagetoavoidbeingeatenbytheirarmy-anthostsisstillamystery.DrvonBeerenguessedthatitpartlydependsonthefactthatantsneedthemtokeeptheircampscleanorpartlydependsonthefactthatmanyspeciesofbeetlesareabletoproducechemicalsthatsmellbadtoants.Theresearchonlyhasshownalittleofwhatisgoingonintherubbish.Besidesbeetles,therewereotherkindsofinsectsthattheteamsimplydidnothavetimetostudyandtheywereofequalimportancetotheirstudyaccordingtoDrDanielKronauer.8.Whydidtheresearchersgototherainforest?A.Theywantedtostudyants. B.Theywantedtoprovetheirarguments.C.Theywantedtosolvethemystery. D.Theywantedtoenjoynature.9.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Allthebeetlesfoundwerealreadyknown. B.Moderntechniquesdidmakethejobeasier.C.Itwaseasyforpeopletostudyinsectsinforest. D.Notjustbeetlesfedontheleftfoodstosurvive.10.Whatmighttheresearchersdonext?A.Tostudyotherinsectsfeedingonants’leftfood.B.Tofindmoreaboutthelifeofantsintherainforests.C.Tomakefurtherstudyonbeetlesfeedingonants’leftfood.D.Tofindmoreabouttheecosystemintherainforests.11.Wheredoesthispassageprobablycomefrom?A.Ageographicmagazine. B.Afashioncolumn. C.Asciencefiction. D.Ascientificjournal.〖答案〗8.C9.D10.A11.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲科学家研究哪种动物以行军蚁的残余食物为食并得到新的发现。【8题详析】细节理解题。由文章第一段“Butlittleisknownaboutwhichkindofanimalsfeedonarmyantleavings.ChristophvonBeerenattheTechnicalUniversityofDarmstadtandDanielKronauerattheRockefellerUniversityinNewYorkwenttotherainforestsofCostaRicatofindout.Theyfoundawholeecosystem(生态系统)dependsontheleftfoodstosurvive.(但是，人们对哪种动物以蚂蚁的剩余食物为食知之甚少。达姆施塔特技术大学的ChristophvonBeeren和纽约洛克菲勒大学的DanielKronauer前往哥斯达黎加的热带雨林寻找〖答案〗。他们发现，整个生态系统都依赖剩下的食物生存。)”可知，研究者去雨林是为了解决秘密——哪种动物以蚂蚁的剩余食物为食。故选C项。【9题详析】细节理解题。由文章最后一段“Besidesbeetles,therewereotherkindsofinsectsthattheteamsimplydidnothavetimetostudyandtheywereofequalimportancetotheirstudyaccordingtoDrDanielKronauer.(DanielKronauer博士表示，除了甲虫，还有其他种类的昆虫，该团队根本没有时间研究，它们对他们的研究同样重要。)”可知，除了甲虫，还有其它昆虫以行军蚁的残留食物为食。故选D项。【10题详析】推理判断题。细节理解题。由文章最后一段“Besidesbeetles,therewereotherkindsofinsectsthattheteamsimplydidnothavetimetostudyandtheywereofequalimportancetotheirstudyaccordingtoDrDanielKronauer.(DanielKronauer博士表示，除了甲虫，还有其它种类的昆虫，该团队根本没有时间研究，它们对他们的研究同样重要。)”可知，研究者接下来应该会研究其它以蚂蚁残留食物为食的昆虫。故选A项。【11题详析】推理判断题。由文章第一段“Butlittleisknownaboutwhichkindofanimalsfeedonarmyantleavings.ChristophvonBeerenattheTechnicalUniversityofDarmstadtandDanielKronauerattheRockefellerUniversityinNewYorkwenttotherainforestsofCostaRicatofindout.Theyfoundawholeecosystem(生态系统)dependsontheleftfoodstosurvive.(但是，人们对哪种动物以蚂蚁的剩余食物为食知之甚少。达姆施塔特技术大学的ChristophvonBeeren和纽约洛克菲勒大学的DanielKronauer前往哥斯达黎加的热带雨林寻找〖答案〗。他们发现，整个生态系统都依赖剩下的食物生存。)”以及后文可知，文章主要讲科学家研究哪种动物以行军蚁的残余食物为食并得到新的发现。所以这篇文章可能来自于一本科学期刊。故选D项。D“Thesedogsaremycompanions,”saysDarrenEgan,a12-year-olddogtrainer,asheissittingonIndie,his44-kiloAmericanBully(斗牛犬).“Itrustthem.”Darrenandhisdad,Michael,havedriven17hoursfromIrelandtocompeteinChampsCamp,adogshowrunthismonthbytheUKBullyKennelClub.They’veevenbroughttogetherloversoftheBully,akindofdogknownforitsstrengthandstrongwilltoattack.BulliescameintoAmericaroughlyadecadeago.Yet,recentlytherehasbeengrowingconcernaboutwhethersomebulliesarebynatureeasiertoattackpeople,nomatterwhotheowneris.Bullyxls,thelargesttype,havekilledeightpeoplesince2021,includingtwothisyear.Whatisespeciallyalarmingisthatbothpeoplewhowerekilledthisyearwereexperiencedindealingwithdogs.BullyWatch,anorganizationresponsibleforcontrollingtheirbirth,claimsbulliescarriedout45%ofalldogattacksthisyear.InoneweekinJuly,bullieskilledsevenotherdogs,Bullyownersandothers,includingtheDogControlAssociationwantofficialstotargetindividualdogsthatactdangerously.ThosewhoattendChampsCampsaythebulliesaremisunderstood.Ownersshowofftheirdogs’gentlenature.“I’dputmybaby’shandinhismouth.”saysoneman.Anothertellshowhispetisusedasatreatmentinanoldpeople’shome.Therealproblem,theysay,isownerswhocannotcontroltheiranimals.Theirbirthcontrollingisanotherissue,BullyWatchreportsthat97%ofbulliesarebornillegally.TheDailyMirrorisapplyingforaban(禁令)onraisingthem,InJuly,aministersaidabanwasanoptionPressureforonegrowswithnewsofeveryhorribleattack.However,atChampsCamp,therewaslittleconcernthatchangewouldcomesoon.Peoplewhosupportabanarewelcomedbyanumberofownersshouting“beatyou.”Sometimes,ownersaremorefrighteningthantheirdogs.12.WhatcanpeopledoinChampsCamp?A.Watchexcitingfightsamongdogs. B.Showgoodqualitiesoftheirdogs.C.Callonpeopletocontroldogs’birth. D.Enjoydogs’companyasatreatment.13.Whyarepeopleworried?A.Therearetoomanybulliesaroundthem. B.Chancesarethatbulliescanattackpeople.C.Bulliesaretoogentleforownerstoraise, D.Theownersaretoocrazyabouttheirpets,14.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthebanonraisingbullies?A.Unclear. B.Negative. C.Positive. D.Unconcerned.15.Whatcanbeinferredaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Ownersofbulliesaremorefrighteningthantheirdogs.B.Thebanonraisingbulliesiscertaintotakeeffect.C.Ownersofbulliesarestronglyagainsttheban.D.Individualdogsthatactdangerouslywillbetargeted.〖答案〗12.B13.B14.A15.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了斗牛犬在美国攻击人的现象引起了人们的担心，以及斗牛犬主人对禁止饲养斗牛犬这一禁令的态度。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Darrenandhisdad,Michael,havedriven17hoursfromIrelandtocompeteinChampsCamp,adogshowrunthismonthbytheUKBullyKennelClub.”（达伦和他的爸爸迈克尔从爱尔兰开了17个小时的车，来参加本月由英国斗牛犬俱乐部举办的ChampsCamp狗展。）以及第三段中“ThosewhoattendChampsCampsaythebulliesaremisunderstood.Ownersshowofftheirdogs’gentlenature.”（参加ChampsCamp的人说，斗牛犬被误解了。主人们炫耀他们的狗狗温顺的天性。）可知，人们在ChampsCamp可以展示他们狗的良好品质。故选B项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Yet,recentlytherehasbeengrowingconcernaboutwhethersomebulliesarebynatureeasiertoattackpeople,nomatterwhotheowneris.Bullyxls,thelargesttype,havekilledeightpeoplesince2021,includingtwothisyear.Whatisespeciallyalarmingisthatbothpeoplewhowerekilledthisyearwereexperiencedindealingwithdogs.”（然而，最近人们越来越关注一些斗牛犬是否天生就更容易攻击人，不管主人是谁。自2021年以来，最大类型的斗牛犬已经造成8人死亡，其中包括今年的两人。尤其令人担忧的是，今年被杀的两个人都有与狗打交道的经验。）可知，人们担心的原因是斗牛犬可能会攻击人。故选B项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“TheDailyMirrorisapplyingforaban(禁令)onraisingthem,InJuly,aministersaidabanwasanoptionPressureforonegrowswithnewsofeveryhorribleattack.”（《每日镜报》正在申请禁止养斗牛犬。7月，一位部长表示，禁令是一种选择，随着每一起恐怖袭击的新闻，人们的压力越来越大。）可知，对于禁止饲养斗牛犬的态度，在文章中并未明确表述作者本人的立场，文章描述了支持禁令的《每日镜报》的举措，和一位部长的评论，但并没有直接表达作者本人对禁止饲养斗牛犬立场。作者保持了一定的距离和中立性，报道了不同群体的看法而没有表现出自己的偏好。由此可推知，作者对禁止养斗牛犬的态度是不明确的，不清楚的。故选A项。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“However,atChampsCamp,therewaslittleconcernthatchangewouldcomesoon.Peoplewhosupportabanarewelcomedbyanumberofownersshouting“beatyou.”Sometimes,ownersaremorefrighteningthantheirdogs.”（然而，在ChampCamp，几乎没有人担心变化会很快到来。那些支持禁止饲养斗牛犬的人被许多主人用“揍你”的呼喊声欢迎。有时候，主人比他们的狗更可怕。）可推知，斗牛犬的主人强烈反对这一禁令。故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Parentalinvestment(投资)hasincreasedAreteenagerslesslikelytoparticipateinactivitiesconnectedwithadulthoodbecausethey’rebusierwithhomeworkandafter-schoolactivities?____16____Researchfoundthattimespentonhomeworkandafter-schoolactivitieshasdecreasedamong10thgraders.Ontheotherhand,Internetusagehasincreased.____17____Infact,today’steensarethoughtofas“screenagers”.Greaterparentalinvestmentleadstoteensgrowingupmoreslowlybecauseparentstakecareofchildrenandteensmorecarefullyandorganizetheiractivities.Thestudyresearchersalsofoundaconnectionbetweenaslowerdevelopmentalpathandsmallerfamilysize,higherparentalageatfirstbirth,andhigherincome.____18____Thismayallowthemtofollowaslowerdevelopmentalpath.Therearealsoeconomicfactors.Withchangesintheeconomy,morepeoplegotocollegeandaredependentontheirparentsforlonger.____19____18-to29-year-oldsspendmoretimegettingeducated,marryingandhavingchildrenlater.____20____Ontheupside,teensarelesslikelytojoininriskybehaviors.Theyaremorelikelytowaituntilthey’rereadytoparticipateinadultactivities.Onthedownside,today’sstudentsmaybesmartenough,buttheyoftenhavetroublewithbasicsliketimemanagement,makingtheirowndecisionsandleadingindependentlives.A.Theanswerisdefinitely“Yes”.B.Thismightaccountforsomeofthechanges.C.Intermsofadvantages,teenstendtotakerisks.D.Itmightbeoppositetowhatmostpeoplethink.E.Thatalsoleadstomorecarefulnurturingwiththeideathateducationwilllastlonger.F.Therearebenefitsanddrawbacksofthedecreaseinadultactivitiesamongteenagers.G.Withfewerchildrenandmoremoney,parentscaninvestmoretimeandresourcesintheirkids.〖答案〗16.D17.B18.G19.E20.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要分析青少年更少参加成年人活动的原因。【16题详析】由上文“Areteenagerslesslikelytoparticipateinactivitiesconnectedwithadulthoodbecausethey’rebusierwithhomeworkandafter-schoolactivities?(青少年是否不太可能参与与成年有关的活动，因为他们更忙于家庭作业和课外活动？)”可知，这里主要讨论青少年是否不太可能参与与成年有关的活动，而D项Itmightbeoppositetowhatmostpeoplethink.(这可能与大多数人的想法相反。)符合语境，与后文“Researchfoundthattimespentonhomeworkandafter-schoolactivitieshasdecreasedamong10thgraders(研究发现，十年级学生花在家庭作业和课后活动上的时间减少了)”对应。故选D项。【17题详析】由上文“Researchfoundthattimespentonhomeworkandafter-schoolactivitieshasdecreasedamong10thgraders.Ontheotherhand,Internetusagehasincreased.(研究发现，十年级学生花在家庭作业和课外活动上的时间减少了。另一方面，互联网的使用有所增加。)”可知，青少年对互联网的使用时间增加了。而B项Thismightaccountforsomeofthechanges.(这可能是一些变化的原因。)符合语境，其中This代指上面Internetusagehasincreased，有启上作用。故选B项。【18题详析】由上文“Thestudyresearchersalsofoundaconnectionbetweenaslowerdevelopmentalpathandsmallerfamilysize,higherparentalageatfirstbirth,andhigherincome.(研究人员还发现，发展路径较慢与家庭规模较小、初生时父母年龄较高和收入较高之间存在联系。)”可知，青少年的发展和家庭规模较小、初生时父母年龄较高和收入较高之间存在联系，而G项Withfewerchildrenandmoremoney,parentscaninvestmoretimeandresourcesintheirkids.(孩子少了，钱多了，父母可以为孩子投入更多的时间和资源。)符合语境，其中fewerchildrenandmoremoney与上文smallerfamilysizeandhigherincome对应，有承上作用。故选G项。【19题详析】由下文“18-to29-year-oldsspendmoretimegettingeducated,marryingandhavingchildrenlater.(18至29岁的年轻人花更多的时间接受教育，结婚生子更晚些。)”可知，青年人愿意花更多时间来接受教育，而E项Thatalsoleadstomorecarefulnurturingwiththeideathateducationwilllastlonger.(这也导致人们更加谨慎地培养教育将持续更长时间的观念。)符合语境，其中educationwilllastlonger与下文18-to29-year-oldsspendmoretimegettingeducated对应，有启下作用。故选E项。【20题详析】由下文“Ontheupside,teensarelesslikelytojoininriskybehaviors.Theyaremorelikelytowaituntilthey’rereadytoparticipateinadultactivities.Onthedownside,today’sstudentsmaybesmartenough,buttheyoftenhavetroublewithbasicsliketimemanagement,makingtheirowndecisionsandleadingindependentlives.(从好的方面来说，青少年不太可能参与危险行为。他们更有可能等到准备好参加成人活动。不利的一面是，今天的学生可能足够聪明，但他们经常在时间管理、自己做决定和过独立生活等基础方面遇到困难。)”可知，这里主要讲青少年更少参加成年人活动的利与弊。而F项Therearebenefitsanddrawbacksofthedecreaseinadultactivitiesamongteenagers.(青少年中成人活动的减少有好处也有缺点。)符合语境，对下文有总括作用。故选F项。第三部分语言运用(共五节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Forthefirstyearofourrelationship,Ididn’tknowhisnameanddidn’twelcomehisinterruptions(打扰),Ifelt____21____bytheunexpectedknockonmywindow,whichwasnecessarytogetmyattentionbecausemyapartmenthadnodoorbell.____22____myannoyance,IsecretlynamedhimKris,becausehewasakindofmodern-daySantaClaus.Hebroughtmepresentsandtriedto____23____cheer—excepthisuniformwasUPSbrown,notSantaClausred,andIhadorderedandpaidforthepresentsmyself.OurrelationshipstartedwhenImovedintoanotherapartment.WhenIwashome,theUPSmanwouldknockuntilI____24____cametocollectmypackage.Ihatedsmalltalk,butwithhimImadean____25____,chattingabouttheweatherorothertopics.Myclosefriendthoughtit____26____tospendsomuchtimewiththeUPSmanandwarnedmeto____27____futureknocks,butKrisremindedmeofmyfather,soIcontinuedto____28____thedoor.COVID-19changedeverything.Trappedinmyapartment,Idid____29____hisvisits,HebroughtwhatIorderedandwouldstayforsometimechattingwithme.Hewouldtellmeabouthisfavoriteroutesandneighbors.Ievenlearnedhisrealname:Dave.OnedayinhotJuly,Daveknockedwithapackage,andwhenIanswered,hetoldmethatUPSwaschanginghis____30____.Myheartsank.“I’mexcitedforachange,”hesaid,“butI’llalways____31____myregulars.”“Congratulations.”Ifelt____32____whatelsetosay.He____33____thesilence,“Iusedto____34____whatIwasdoingwithmylife.Myjob,thisjob,justfeltsosmall.”“Whatchanged?”“Nothing,____35____myattitude,”hesaid.“IrealizedIwasdeliveringpeoplethingstheyneeded,thingsthatbroughtthemjoy.”Icouldn’tseehissmilethroughhismask,butIcouldsenseit.21.A.satisfied B.troubled C.excited D.awkward22.A.With B.For C.Despite D.As23.A.spread B.suffer C.shape D.stress24.A.flexibly B.unwillingly C.readily D.quickly25.A.affect B.effort C.effect D.affection26.A.tough B.normal C.amazing D.risky27.A.ignore B.seek C.gather D.escape28.A.shut B.open C.close D.answer29.A.payattentionto B.hangonto C.lookforwardto D.giveriseto30.A.address B.name C.route D.path31.A.thinkof B.counton C.cheerup D.stickto32.A.atanycost B.ataloss C.atcase D.atanyrate33.A.stopped B.kept C.held D.broke34.A.understand B.wander C.recognize D.wonder35.A.farfrom B.differentfrom C.apartfrom D.freefrom〖答案〗21.B22.C23.A24.B25.B26.D27.A28.D29.C30.C31.A32.B33.D34.D35.C【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者和联合包裹(UPS)快递员逐渐成为朋友的故事。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我们交往的第一年，我不知道他的名字，也不欢迎他的打扰，我对窗户被意外敲到感到不安，这是引起我注意的必要条件，因为我的公寓没有门铃。A.satisfied满足的；B.troubled被困扰的；C.excited激动的；D.awkward令人尴尬的。由上文“didn’twelcomehisinterruptions”可知，作者对快递员的打扰是感到“困扰的”。故选B项。【22题详析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管我很恼火，我还是偷偷地给他起了个名字叫克里斯，因为他有点像现代的圣诞老人。A.With与……一起；B.For对于；C.Despite尽管；D.As作为。由下文“becausehewasakindofmodern-daySantaClaus”可知，这里表示“尽管”作者有些恼怒，但是还是很期待他的到来，因为他的到来会给自己带来像礼物一样的快递。故选C项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他给我带来了礼物，并试图传播欢乐——除了他的制服是UPS棕色的，而不是圣诞老人红色的，而且我自己订购并支付了礼物的费用。A.spread传播；B.suffer遭受；C.shape塑造；D.stress强调。由上文“akindofmodern-daySantaClaus”以及语境可知，作者认为快递员是现在的圣诞老人，他们送出的快递能“传播”快乐。故选A项。【24题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我回家时，UPS的人会敲门，直到我不情愿地来取包裹。A.flexibly灵活地；B.unwillingly不情愿地；C.readily乐意地；D.quickly迅速地。由上文“Forthefirstyearofourrelationship,Ididn’tknowhisnameanddidn’twelcomehisinterruptions(打扰)”可知，作者是不喜欢被打扰，所以应是“不情愿地”去取快递。故选B项。【25题详析】考查名词和动词词义辨析。句意：我讨厌闲聊，但我努力去尝试，和他一起聊天气或其它话题。A.affect影响；B.effort努力；C.effect效果；D.affection感情。由上文“Ihatedsmalltalk”以及but表转折可知，这里指虽然作者讨厌闲聊，但是还是“努力”去尝试适应闲聊。故选B项。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的密友认为花这么多时间和UPS的人在一起有风险，并警告我不要理会未来的敲门声，但克里斯让我想起了我的父亲，所以我继续应门。A.tough坚韧的；B.normal正常的；C.amazing令人惊叹的；D.risky有风险的。由下文“warnedme”可知，作者密友认为和陌生的快递员聊天是“有风险的”。故选D项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的密友认为花这么多时间和UPS的人在一起有风险，并警告我不要理会未来的敲门声，但克里斯让我想起了我的父亲，所以我继续应门。A.ignore忽略；B.seek查找；C.gather集合；D.escape逃跑。由上文“MyclosefriendthoughtittospendsomuchtimewiththeUPSman”可知，作者密友认为有风险，所以应该“忽略”快递员的敲门声。故选A项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的密友认为花这么多时间和UPS的人在一起有风险，并警告我不要理会未来的敲门声，但克里斯让我想起了我的父亲，所以我继续应门。A.shut关闭；B.open打开；C.close关闭；D.answer回答，回应。由上文“warnedmetofutureknocks”以及but表转折可知，这里指作者还是会“回应”快递员的敲门。故选D项。【29题详析】查动词词组辨析。句意：被困在我的公寓里，我确实很期待他的来访。A.payattentionto注意；B.hangonto坚持住；C.lookforwardto期待；D.giveriseto引起。由上文“Trappedinmyapartment”可知，被困在公寓时，作者是“期待”快递员的到来，这样就有人说话，不再孤单。故选C项。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：炎热的七月里的一天，戴夫拿着一个包裹敲门，当我回答时，他告诉我UPS正在改变他的路线。A.address地址；B.name名称；C.route路线；D.path路径。由上文“Hewouldtellmeabouthisfavoriteroutesandneighbors.”以及语境可知，这里指快递员要改变他的送货“路线”了。故选C项。【31题详析】考查动词词组辨析。句意：“我很期待改变，”他说，“但我会永远想起我的常客。”A.thinkof想起；B.counton依靠；C.cheerup振作起来；D.stickto坚持。由上文“I’mexcitedforachange”以及but表转折可知，虽然快递员期待改变，但是还是会“想起”他的常客。故选A项。【32题详析】考查介词词组辨析。句意