新GRE-Issue主题分类题库

新GRE-Issue主题分类题库ThispagecontainstheIssuetopicsfortheAnalyticalWritingsectionoftheGRE®revisedGeneralTest.Whenyoutakethetest,youwillbepresentedwithoneIssuetopicfromthispool.EachIssuetopicconsistsofanissuestatementorstatementsfollowedbyspecifictaskinstructionsthattellyouhowtorespondtotheissue.Thewordingofsometopicsinthetestmightvaryslightlyfromwhatispresentedhere.Also,becausetheremaybemultipleversionsofsometopicswithsimilaroridenticalwordingbutwithdifferenttaskinstructions,itisveryimportanttoreadyourtesttopicanditsspecifictaskdirectionscarefullyandrespondtothewordingasitappearsintheactualtest.标注有*的题目为有官方范文的题目。标注有2、3或4的题目为在官方题库中一字不差地重复2次、3次或4次的题目。比较：36；因果：40；问解：30；结论：27。原题版权属于ETS，本文档版权属成都新东方国外考试部。A.现在与将来（当务之急与百年大计）——91.Youngpeopleshouldbeencouragedtopursuelong-term,realisticgoalsratherthanseekimmediatefameandrecognition.2——比较2.Governmentsshouldfocusonsolvingtheimmediateproblemsoftodayratherthanontryingtosolvetheanticipatedproblemsofthefuture.——比较3.Governmentsshouldnotfundanyscientificresearchwhoseconsequencesareunclear.2——因果4.Governmentsshouldplacefew,ifany,restrictionsonscientificresearchanddevelopment.——结论5.(1)Claim:Nationsshouldsuspendgovernmentfundingfortheartswhensignificantnumbersoftheircitizensarehungryorunemployed.Reason:Itisinappropriate—and,perhaps,evencruel—tousepublicresourcestofundtheartswhenpeople'sbasicneedsarenotbeingmet.——因果(2)Nationsshouldsuspendgovernmentfundingfortheartswhensignificantnumbersoftheircitizensarehungryorunemployed.——因果6.Claim:Researchersshouldnotlimittheirinvestigationstoonlythoseareasinwhichtheyexpecttodiscoversomethingthathasanimmediate,practicalapplication.Reason:Itisimpossibletopredicttheoutcomeofalineofresearchwithanycertainty.——因果7.(1)Somepeoplebelievethatsocietyshouldtrytosaveeveryplantandanimalspecies,despitetheexpensetohumansineffort,time,andfinancialwell-being.Othersbelievethatsocietyneednotmakeextraordinaryefforts,especiallyatagreatcostinmoneyandjobs,tosaveendangeredspecies.——比较(2)Thereislittlejustificationforsocietytomakeextraordinaryefforts—especiallyatagreatcostinmoneyandjobs—tosaveendangeredanimalorplantspecies.——结论(3)Societyshouldmakeeffortstosaveendangeredspeciesonlyifthepotentialextinctionofthosespeciesistheresultofhumanactivities.——因果8.Societyshouldidentifythosechildrenwhohavespecialtalentsandprovidetrainingforthematanearlyagetodeveloptheirtalents.——问解9.(1)Teachers'salariesshouldbebasedontheirstudents'academicperformance.——问解(2)Teachers'salariesshouldbebasedontheacademicperformanceoftheirstudents.——问解B.过去与现在（新与旧、经验与创新）——510.Inanyfieldofendeavor,itisimpossibletomakeasignificantcontributionwithoutfirstbeingstronglyinfluencedbypastachievementswithinthatfield.——因果11.(1)Claim:Knowingaboutthepastcannothelppeopletomakeimportantdecisionstoday.Reason:Theworldtodayissignificantlymorecomplexthanitwasevenintherelativelyrecentpast.——因果(2)Claim:Knowingaboutthepastcannothelppeopletomakeimportantdecisionstoday.Reason:Wearenotabletomakeconnectionsbetweencurrenteventsandpasteventsuntilwehavesomedistancefromboth.——因果(3)Knowingaboutthepastcannothelppeopletomakeimportantdecisionstoday.——问解12.Whenoldbuildingsstandongroundthatmodernplannersfeelcouldbebetterusedformodernpurposes,moderndevelopmentshouldbegivenprecedenceoverthepreservationofhistoricbuildings.——因果13.Themainbenefitofthestudyofhistoryistodispeltheillusionthatpeoplelivingnowaresignificantlydifferentfrompeoplewholivedinearliertimes.——结论新GRE-Issue主题分类题库214.(1)Claim:Inanyfield—business,politics,education,government—thoseinpowershouldstepdownafterfiveyears.Reason:Thesurestpathtosuccessforanyenterpriseisrevitalizationthroughnewleadership.——因果(2)Inanyfield—business,politics,education,government—thoseinpowershouldberequiredtostepdownafterfiveyears.——结论(3)Inanyprofession—business,politics,education,government—thoseinpowershouldstepdownafterfiveyears.——结论(4)Thegreatnessofindividualscanbedecidedonlybythosewholiveafterthem,notbytheircontemporaries.——结论/比较C.现实与理想——515.(1)Educationalinstitutionshavearesponsibilitytodissuadestudentsfrompursuingfieldsofstudyinwhichtheyareunlikelytosucceed.2——因果(2)Educationalinstitutionsshoulddissuadestudentsfrompursuingfieldsofstudyinwhichtheyareunlikelytosucceed.——结论16.(1)Somepeoplebelievethatcollegestudentsshouldconsideronlytheirowntalentsandinterestswhenchoosingafieldofstudy.Othersbelievethatcollegestudentsshouldbasetheirchoiceofafieldofstudyontheavailabilityofjobsinthatfield.——比较(2)Collegestudentsshouldbeencouragedtopursuesubjectsthatinterestthemratherthanthecoursesthatseemmostlikelytoleadtojobs.——比较(3)Educationalinstitutionsshouldactivelyencouragetheirstudentstochoosefieldsofstudythatwillpreparethemforlucrativecareers.2——结论(4)Collegestudentsshouldbasetheirchoiceofafieldofstudyontheavailabilityofjobsinthatfield.——结论(5)Educationalinstitutionsshouldactivelyencouragetheirstudentstochoosefieldsofstudyinwhichjobsareplentiful.2——结论17.(1)Claim:Whenplanningcourses,educatorsshouldtakeintoaccounttheinterestsandsuggestionsoftheirstudents.Reason:Studentsaremoremotivatedtolearnwhentheyareinterestedinwhattheyarestudying.*——因果(2)Educatorsshouldtakestudents'interestsintoaccountwhenplanningthecontentofthecoursestheyteach.*——问解18.Educatorsshouldfindoutwhatstudentswantincludedinthecurriculumandthenofferittothem.*——结论19.(1)Educatorsshouldbasetheirassessmentofstudents'learningnotonstudents'graspoffactsbutontheabilitytoexplaintheideas,trends,andconceptsthatthosefactsillustrate.——比较(2)Educatorsshouldteachfactsonlyaftertheirstudentshavestudiedtheideas,trends,andconceptsthathelpexplainthosefacts.——问解D.个体与整体（少数与多数、局部与整体）——2320.Themosteffectivewaytounderstandcontemporarycultureistoanalyzethetrendsofitsyouth.——问解21.(1)Claim:Governmentsmustensurethattheirmajorcitiesreceivethefinancialsupporttheyneedinordertothrive.Reason:Itisprimarilyincitiesthatanation'sculturaltraditionsarepreservedandgenerated.(2)Tounderstandthemostimportantcharacteristicsofasociety,onemuststudyitsmajorcities.——问解(3)Itisprimarilyincitiesthatanation'sculturaltraditionsaregeneratedandpreserved.——结论22.Scandalsareusefulbecausetheyfocusourattentiononproblemsinwaysthatnospeakerorreformerevercould.——因果23.People'sbehaviorislargelydeterminedbyforcesnotoftheirownmaking.2——结论24.(1)Somepeoplebelievethatthepurposeofeducationistofreethemindandthespirit.Othersbelievethatformaleducationtendstorestrainourmindsandspiritsratherthansetthemfree.——比较(2)Formaleducationtendstorestrainourmindsandspiritsratherthansetthemfree.——结论25.Claim:Collegesanduniversitiesshouldspecifyallrequiredcoursesandeliminateelectivecoursesinordertoprovideclearguidanceforstudents.Reason:Collegestudents—likepeopleingeneral—prefertofollowdirectionsratherthanmaketheirowndecisions.——因果26.(1)Governmentsshouldofferafreeuniversityeducationtoanystudentwhohasbeenadmittedtoauniversitybutwhocannotaffordthetuition.——问解/因果新GRE-Issue主题分类题库3(2)Governmentsshouldoffercollegeanduniversityeducationfreeofchargetoallstudents.——结论27.Leadersarecreatedbythedemandsthatareplacedonthem.——问解28.Tobeaneffectiveleader,apublicofficialmustmaintainthehighestethicalandmoralstandards.2——问解29.Somepeoplebelieveitisoftennecessary,evendesirable,forpoliticalleaderstowithholdinformationfromthepublic.Othersbelievethatthepublichasarighttobefullyinformed.——比较30.(1)Claim:Thesurestindicatorofagreatnationmustbetheachievementsofitsrulers,artists,orscientists.Reason:Greatachievementsbyanation'srulers,artists,orscientistswillensureagoodlifeforthemajorityofthatnation'speople.——因果(2)Claim:Thesurestindicatorofagreatnationisnottheachievementsofitsrulers,artists,orscientists.Reason:Thesurestindicatorofagreatnationisactuallythewelfareofallitspeople.——因果(3)Thesurestindicatorofagreatnationisnottheachievementsofitsrulers,artists,orscientists,butthegeneralwell-beingofallitspeople.——比较(4)Thesurestindicatorofagreatnationisrepresentednotbytheachievementsofitsrulers,artists,orscientists,butbythegeneralwelfareofitspeople.——比较(5)Somepeopleclaimthatyoucantellwhetheranationisgreatbylookingattheachievementsofitsrulers,artists,orscientists.Othersarguethatthesurestindicatorofagreatnationis,infact,thegeneralwelfareofallitspeople.——比较(6)Somepeoplebelievethatinordertothrive,asocietymustputitsownoverallsuccessbeforethewell-beingofitsindividualcitizens.Othersbelievethatthewell-beingofasocietycanonlybemeasuredbythegeneralwelfareofallitspeople.——比较(7)Thegeneralwelfareofanation'speopleisabetterindicationofthatnation'sgreatnessthanaretheachievementsofitsrulers,artists,orscientists.——比较(8)Theeffectivenessofacountry'sleadersisbestmeasuredbyexaminingthewell-beingofthatcountry'scitizens.——问解31.Somepeoplebelievethatgovernmentfundingoftheartsisnecessarytoensurethattheartscanflourishandbeavailabletoallpeople.Othersbelievethatgovernmentfundingoftheartsthreatenstheintegrityofthearts.——比较32.Inorderforanyworkofart—forexample,afilm,anovel,apoem,orasong—tohavemerit,itmustbeunderstandabletomostpeople.——问解33.(1)Claim:Thebesttestofanargumentisitsabilitytoconvincesomeonewithanopposingviewpoint.Reason:Onlybybeingforcedtodefendanideaagainstthedoubtsandcontrastingviewsofothersdoesonereallydiscoverthevalueofthatidea.——因果/问解(2)Thebesttestofanargumentistheargument'sabilitytoconvincesomeonewithanopposingviewpoint.——问解34.Lawsshouldbeflexibleenoughtotakeaccountofvariouscircumstances,times,andplaces.——问解35.Everyindividualinasocietyhasaresponsibilitytoobeyjustlawsandtodisobeyandresistunjustlaws.——问解36.(1)Claim:Thebestwaytounderstandthecharacterofasocietyistoexaminethecharacterofthemenandwomenthatthesocietychoosesasitsheroesoritsrolemodels.Reason:Heroesandrolemodelsrevealasociety'shighestideals.——因果(2)Thebestwaytounderstandthecharacterofasocietyistoexaminethecharacterofthemenandwomenthatthesocietychoosesasitsheroesoritsrolemodels.——问解37.(1)Claim:Itisnolongerpossibleforasocietytoregardanylivingmanorwomanasahero.Reason:Thereputationofanyonewhoissubjectedtomediascrutinywilleventuallybediminished.——因果(3)Inthisageofintensivemediacoverage,itisnolongerpossibleforasocietytoregardanylivingmanorwomanasahero.——因果(4)Itisnolongerpossibleforasocietytoregardanylivingmanorwomanasahero.——结论38.Itisprimarilythroughouridentificationwithsocialgroupsthatwedefineourselves.——问解39.Thebestideasarisefromapassionateinterestincommonplacethings.*——结论40.Somepeoplebelievethatcorporationshavearesponsibilitytopromotethewell-beingofthesocietiesandenvironmentsinwhichtheyoperate.Othersbelievethattheonlyresponsibilityofcorporations,providedtheyoperatewithinthelaw,istomakeasmuchmoneyaspossible.——比较新GRE-Issue主题分类题库441.Scientistsandotherresearchersshouldfocustheirresearchonareasthatarelikelytobenefitthegreatestnumberofpeople.——结论42.Ifagoalisworthy,thenanymeanstakentoattainitarejustifiable.——因果E.个体与个体（不同领域间的交流）——643.(1)Claim:Universitiesshouldrequireeverystudenttotakeavarietyofcoursesoutsidethestudent'smajorfieldofstudy.Reason:Acquiringknowledgeofvariousacademicdisciplinesisthebestwaytobecometrulyeducated.——因果(2)Somepeoplebelievethatuniversitiesshouldrequireeverystudenttotakeavarietyofcoursesoutsidethestudent'sfieldofstudy.Othersbelievethatuniversitiesshouldnotforcestudentstotakeanycoursesotherthanthosethatwillhelppreparethemforjobsintheirchosenfields.——比较(3)Universitiesshouldrequireeverystudenttotakeavarietyofcoursesoutsidethestudent'sfieldofstudy.3——结论(4)Requiringuniversitystudentstotakeavarietyofcoursesoutsidetheirmajorfieldsofstudyisthebestwaytoensurethatstudentsbecometrulyeducated.——问解44.Inordertobecomewell-roundedindividuals,allcollegestudentsshouldberequiredtotakecoursesinwhichtheyreadpoetry,novels,mythology,andothertypesofimaginativeliterature.——问解45.Nofieldofstudycanadvancesignificantlyunlessitincorporatesknowledgeandexperiencefromoutsidethatfield.——问解46.Collegesanduniversitiesshouldrequireallfacultytospendtimeworkingoutsidetheacademicworldinprofessionsrelevanttothecoursestheyteach.——结论47.(1)Collegesanduniversitiesshouldrequiretheirstudentstospendatleastonesemesterstudyinginaforeigncountry.3——结论(2)Allcollegeanduniversitystudentswouldbenefitfromspendingatleastonesemesterstudyinginaforeigncountry.——问解48.Allparentsshouldberequiredtovolunteertimetotheirchildren'sschools.2——结论F.统一与分歧（合作与竞争）——1649.Anationshouldrequireallofitsstudentstostudythesamenationalcurriculumuntiltheyentercollege.4——结论50.Somepeoplebelievethatinordertobeeffective,politicalleadersmustyieldtopublicopinionandabandonprincipleforthesakeofcompromise.Othersbelievethatthemostessentialqualityofaneffectiveleaderistheabilitytoremainconsistentlycommittedtoparticularprinciplesandobjectives.——比较51.Somepeoplearguethatsuccessfulleadersingovernment,industry,orotherfieldsmustbehighlycompetitive.Otherpeopleclaimthatinordertobesuccessful,aleadermustbewillingandabletocooperatewithothers.——比较52.Anyleaderwhoisquicklyandeasilyinfluencedbyshiftsinpopularopinionwillaccomplishlittle.——因果53.Claim:Majorpolicydecisionsshouldalwaysbelefttopoliticiansandothergovernmentexperts.Reason:Politiciansandothergovernmentexpertsaremoreinformedandthushavebetterjudgmentandperspectivethandomembersofthegeneralpublic.——因果54.(1)Somepeoplebelievethatgovernmentofficialsmustcarryoutthewillofthepeopletheyserve.Othersbelievethatofficialsshouldbasetheirdecisionsontheirownjudgment.——比较(2)Governmentofficialsshouldrelyontheirownjudgmentratherthanunquestioninglycarryoutthewillofthepeopletheyserve.——比较(3)Governmentofficialsshouldrelyontheirownjudgmentratherthanunquestioninglycarryoutthewillofthepeoplewhomtheyserve.——比较55.Criticaljudgmentofworkinanygivenfieldhaslittlevalueunlessitcomesfromsomeonewhoisanexpertinthatfield.2——问解56.Inanyfieldofinquiry,thebeginnerismorelikelythantheexperttomakeimportantcontributions.——比较57.Thebestwayforasocietytoprepareitsyoungpeopleforleadershipingovernment,industry,orotherfieldsisbyinstillinginthemasenseofcooperation,notcompetition.——问解58.(1)Somepeoplebelievethatcompetitionforhighgradesmotivatesstudentstoexcelintheclassroom.Othersbelievethatsuchcompetitionseriouslylimitsthequalityofreallearning.——比较(2)Competitionforhighgradesseriouslylimitsthequalityoflearningatalllevelsofeducation.——因果新GRE-Issue主题分类题库559.(1)Claim:Wecanusuallylearnmuchmorefrompeoplewhoseviewswesharethanfromthosewhoseviewscontradictourown.Reason:Disagreementcancausestressandinhibitlearning.——因果(2)Wecanusuallylearnmuchmorefrompeoplewhoseviewswesharethanfrompeoplewhoseviewscontradictourown.——比较(3)Wecanlearnmuchmorefrompeoplewhoseviewswesharethanfrompeoplewhoseviewscontradictourown.——比较(4)Inanysituation,progressrequiresdiscussionamongpeoplewhohavecontrastingpointsofview.——结论60.Thewell-beingofasocietyisenhancedwhenmanyofitspeoplequestionauthority.*——因果61.Itismoreharmfultocompromiseone'sownbeliefsthantoadheretothem.*——比较62.Studentsshouldalwaysquestionwhattheyaretaughtinsteadofacceptingitpassively.*——比较63.(1)Thebestwaytoteachistopraisepositiveactionsandignorenegativeones.2*——问解(2)Thebestwaytoteach—whetherasaneducator,employer,orparent—istopraisepositiveactionsandignorenegativeones.*——问解64.Claim:Anypieceofinformationreferredtoasafactshouldbemistrusted,sinceitmaywellbeprovenfalseinthefuture.Reason:Muchoftheinformationthatpeopleassumeisfactualactuallyturnsouttobeinaccurate.——因果G.技术进步的影响——1065.Somepeoplebelievethatourever-increasinguseoftechnologysignificantlyreducesouropportunitiesforhumaninteraction.Otherpeoplebelievethattechnologyprovidesuswithnewandbetterwaystocommunicateandconnectwithoneanother.*——比较66.Somepeoplebelievethatscientificdiscoverieshavegivenusamuchbetterunderstandingoftheworldaroundus.Othersbelievethatsciencehasrevealedtousthattheworldisinfinitelymorecomplexthanweeverrealized.——比较67.Althoughinnovationssuchasvideo,computers,andtheInternetseemtoofferschoolsimprovedmethodsforinstructingstudents,thesetechnologiesalltoooftendistractfromreallearning.——因果68.Theprimarygoaloftechnologicaladvancementshouldbetoincreasepeople'sefficiencysothattheyhavemoreleisuretime.——结论69.Aspeoplerelymoreandmoreontechnologytosolveproblems,theabilityofhumanstothinkforthemselveswillsurelydeteriorate.*——因果70.Asweacquiremoreknowledge,thingsdonotbecomemorecomprehensible,butmorecomplexandmysterious.——因果71.Theluxuriesandconveniencesofcontemporarylifepreventpeoplefromdevelopingintotrulystrongandindependentindividuals.——因果72.Theincreasing