2023-2024学年外研版（2019）必修 第三册Unit 3 The world of science 课件(37张)

SectionATheworldofscience1.shootv.(shot,shot)射出（光、亮等），放射shootat朝……射击shootyourselfinthefoot搬起石头砸自己的脚shootdown射倒；击落shootsth.up开枪打坏shootsb.intheleg/head射中某人的腿/头练习：Thehunterwasabouttoshoot__________thebirdwhenheheardascream.Vocabulary

at2.inaddition辨析：inaddition与inadditiontoinaddition“另外；也”，相当于连接副词Thedressistooexpensive.Inaddition,shedoesn'tlikeitscolour.这条裙子太贵了。除此之外，她不喜欢它的颜色。inadditionto“除……之外（还）”，后接名词、代词或动名词，相当于介词InadditiontoEnglish,hehastostudyasecondforeignlanguage.除英语外，他还得再学一门外语。

练习：Inadditionto___________(be)lighter,thiskindofmaterialhasotheradvantagesovertraditionalforms.being

3.capablebecapableof(doing)sth.有能力做某事incapableadj.无能力的

capablyadv.能干地练习：Weshouldhelpthosewhoare_________(capable)oftakingcareoftheirpersonalaffairs.incapable4.desirehaveadesirefor/todosth.渴望得到某物/做某事desiretodosth.渴望做某事desiresb.todosth.希望某人做某事desirethat...渴望……（谓语用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略）注意：当desire作动词后接宾语从句，以及desire作名词后接同位语从句或表语从句时，从句要用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语用“should+动词原形”形式，should可以省略。练习：Thepeopletrappedintheruinsdesirethatrescueteams_________________(send)herewithoutdelay(延迟).(should)besentVirtualrealityVirtualreality(VR)isacomputer-generatedscenariothatsimulatesanexperiencethroughsensesandperception.Theimmersiveenvironmentcanbesimilartotherealworldoritcanbefantastical,creatinganexperiencenotpossibleinordinaryphysicalreality.WearabletechWearabletechnologyreferstosmartelectronicdevicesthatareattachedtothebody,unsupportedbythehands.FlexiblebatteryFlexiblebatteriesaredesignedtobeflexible,unliketraditionalrigidbatteries.Thereisincreasinginterestinportableandflexiblebatteries,whichcanbeimplementedinproductssuchassmartcardsandwearableelectronics.Readabouttheinventionsfromfamousnovelsandchoosethosethathavebecomeareality.Lookatthepicturesandtalkabouthowthewaywelivehaschangedovertime.Discussthereasonsbehindthesechanges.DiscussionPredictionReadthetitleandpredictwhatthepassagewillwetalkabout.Findtheanswer①WhatdoesRichardthinkoftheinterviewer'sfirstquestion?②HowdoesRichardfeelaboutourageofinvention?③What'sthecommonfeatureofmostofthenewgreatinventions?④WhatexamplesdoesRichardgivewhenasked?⑤WhatdoesRichardthinkinspiresustoinvent?ChoosethesentencesthatdescribeDrFairhurst’sopinions.InventionsinAncientChinawerebetterthanthoseintheWest.Alotoftoday’sgreatinventionsaretech-based.Today,mostinventorspreferworkingbythemselves.Thedesiretosolveproblemsinspiresinvention.Atimemachinewilldefinitelybeinventedinthefuture.ThankyouSectionBTheworldofscience1.beyondbeyondone'scontrol超出某人的控制，不受某人的控制beyondone'simagination超乎某人的想象beyondexpression无法表达beyonddescription无法形容beyondbelief令人难以置信beyondone'spower超出某人的权力范围beyondcompare无与伦比练习：Thesceneryalongthelakeisbeautiful__________________(无法形容).Vocabularybeyonddescription2.significantsignificancen.重要性，意义beofgreat/muchsignificance重要的，有重大意义的beofno/littlesignificance无关紧要的havegreat/nosignificance(for...)（对……）很重要/不重要attach(great)significanceto...（非常）重视……练习：Something_____________(significance)ishappeningtotheworldpopulation—itisaging.significant3.origintheoriginof...……的起源/起因inorigin在来源上haveone'soriginsin...起源于……byorigin籍贯originaladj.原来的，起初的；独创的originallyadv.原来，起初originatevi.起源，发端于；vt.创立，创建练习：Thejeanstodayhavechangedveryslightlyfromtheir__________(origin)design.original4.cureacurefor...……的疗法／措施curesth.治好……疾病curesb.治好某人curesb.ofsth.使某人从某种疾病中痊愈练习：Medicalresearchoftenmakesuse________theforests'plantandanimallife,andthedestructionofsuchspeciescouldpreventresearchersfromfindingcures_______certaindiseases.offorGrammar现在完成时的被动语态动词的语态表示主语与谓语之间的关系。英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。下面几种情况一般用被动语态：1.不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。Suchbookshavebeenwrittenforchildren.已经为儿童编写这类书籍了。2.强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。Alltheseproductshavebeentested.这些产品都经过测试了。3.动作的执行者很模糊。Theletterhasbeenopened.这封信被人拆开了。4.有时为了礼貌的需要，避免说出动作的执行者。Theyhavebeentoldmanytimesnottomakenoises.已经有人多次跟他们说别那么大声了。选用被动语态的情况现在完成时的被动语态的基本构成是：have/hasbeendone。但在不同的句式中，其具体形式也有所不同。1.肯定句形式：主语＋have/hasbeendone(+其他).ThebridgeovertheYellowRiverhasjustbeencompleted.黄河上的这座桥刚刚建成。Theplanhasbeenstudiedbytheexpertslastmonth.这个计划在上个月已经由专家研究过了。2.否定句形式：主语＋have/hasnotbeendone(+其他).Theyhaven'tbeentoldtheexcitingnewsyet,havethey?还没有人告诉他们这个令人激动的消息，是吗？Thesecond-handcarhasnotbeensold.这辆二手汽车还没有被卖出去。现在完成时的被动语态的构成3.一般疑问句形式Have/Has+主语+beendone(+其他)?－Hasherworkbeenfinished?她的工作完成了吗？－Yes,ithas.是的，完成了。4.特殊疑问句形式特殊疑问词＋have/has+主语＋beendone(+其他)?Howlonghasthemachinebeenused?这台机器使用多久了？1.表示被动的动作在说话前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果，通常与already,yet,never,recently等副词及时间状语sofar,bynow,uptillnow等连用。Theroomhasalreadybeencleaned.这个房间已经被打扫干净了。（现在已经不用打扫房间了）Thedoctorhasn'tbeensentforyet.还没有派人去请医生。（现在应派人去请医生）现在完成时的被动语态的用法2.表示被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，并可能继续持续下去，常与for或since等引出的时间状语（从句）连用，或用于howlong引出的句子中。Thebridgehasbeenbuiltfortwoyears.这座桥已经建了两年了。（可能还会继续建造）Howlonghastheprojectbeencarriedout?这项工程已经实施多长时间了？（可能还会继续实施）3.用在时间状语从句中，表示将来某时已经完成的动作。We'llstartassoonastheworkhasbeenfinished.这份工作一完成我们就立即动身。1.Shakespeare'splayHamlet___________(make)intoatleasttendifferentfilmsoverthepastyears.2.－Wouldyouliketogotothecinemawithmetomorrowafternoon?－I'dliketo,Mum,butI_______________(invite)toapartybyJane.Itisherbirthday.3.Tillnow,threefilms_______________(show)inthatsmallvillagethismonth.4.IwanttobuythatkindofclothbecauseI___________(tell)theclothwasheswell.5.Inthelastfewyearsthousandsoffilms________________(produce)allovertheworld.练习hasbeenmadehavebeeninvitedhavebeenshownhavebeentoldhavebeenproducedSectionCTheworldofscience1.experimentanexperimentwith/on...关于……的实验perform/carryout/do/conductanexperiment做实验experimentwith/on...用……做实验/试用……练习：____________________(用……做实验)micecangiveusanideaoftheeffectofthediseaseonhumans.Vocabulary

Experimentingon/with2.attachattach...to...把……系于……；把……附在……上（to为介词）attach(great/little)importance/value/weight/significanceto...认为……（很有／几乎没有）重要性／价值／分量／意义（to为介词）attachedadj.爱慕，依恋；附属于beattachedto...附属于……；依恋/爱慕……attachmentn.附属物，附件；爱慕，依恋练习：Myyoungerbrotherisstudyinginahighschool__________(attach)toRenminUniversityofChina.attached3.conductconductasurvey/anexperiment/aninterview进行调查/实验/面试conductoneselfwell/badly表现好/差conductorn.（乐队）指挥；（公共汽车上的）售票员；列车长；导体conductiveadj.具有传导性的

注意：conduct词性不同时，发音不同，重音位置也不同，作名词时重音在前，作动词时重音在后，可以概括为“名前动后”。此类单词常见的还有transport,import,increase等。练习：Yesterdayourchemistryteacher___________anexperimentonwoodtoseewhetheritwas__________,andaftertheexperimentwedrewaconclusionthatwoodwasapoor_________ofheat.conductedconductiveconductor4.accountgiveanaccountof...描述……open/closeanaccount开户／销户haveanaccountat/withabank在银行有账户accountfor...是……的原因；解释……；（数量上、比例上）占……accountsb.+adj./n.认为某人……(常用于被动语态）onaccountof因为，由于onnoaccount决不，绝对不（位于句首时，句子用部分倒装）takesth.intoaccount(=takeaccountofsth.)考虑到某事，顾及某事练习：Lightingaccounts___________about7%ofthetotalelectricityconsumedintheUS.

for

BenjaminFranklin(1706–1790)wasoneoftheFoundingFathersoftheUnitedStatesandhelpeddrafttheDeclarationofIndependence.Apartfrombeingasuccessfulstatesman,hewasalsowellknownasaleadingAmericanauthor,printerandpublisher,successfuldiplomat,creativescientistandinventor.（1）DoyouknowsomethingaboutBenjaminFranklin?（2）Whatwasheknownforintheworld?WhatisFranklinexperimentaimedtoproveReadandThinkLightningwasaformofelectricity.Numberthestatementstoshowhowpeople’sattitudestowardsFranklin’sexperimenthavechanged.1.Franklin’sspiritofscientificexplorationisstillconsideredaninspiration.2.PeopleareamazedatandinspiredbyFranklin’sexperiment.3.ScientistsquestionwhatreallyhappenedinFranklin’sexperiment.参考答案：3

12Think&Share1.DoyouthinkitmattersthatFranklin'sexperimentmightnotbetrue?Why?2.Whatisyouropinionaboutthestatement"...weshouldnotalwaysbelieveeverythingwereadorhear-evenifitisagreatstory"?3.Whatqualitiesdoyouthinkagreatscientistshouldhave?4.Inwhatwaysdoscientistscontributetosociety?Firstly,scientificdiscoveriespromotethedevelopmentofoursociety.Secondly,thecontributionsofscientistsinmedicineextendourlifespan.Thirdly,scientistshaveinventedalotofsurprisingtoolsthatfundamentallyimproveourlivingstandards.完成一个实验的步骤有设计实验、做实验和写实验报告。写实验报告时，注意要完整介绍实验过程，用恰当的表示顺序的词语来清楚表述实验步骤。句式要多用祈使句，时态多为一般现在时。实验报告通常包括以下内容：1.实验目的：表明为什么要做这个实验。2.实验用品：交代做实验要用的物品。3.实验方法和过程：清楚、具体地写明实验步骤。在组织文字时，要正确运用表示顺序的词。4.实验结果：如实且正确地记录实验现象或数据。5.结论：通过实验得出相关的结论。如何写实验报告实验报告中常用的词语：1.实验目的：aim,purpose,inorderto,tofindout...2.实验用品：apparatus（仪器），beaker（烧杯），equipment,testtube（试管），testtubeholder（试管夹），balance（天平），liquid,solid,ga