考研英语写作新思维基础教程

写作新思维基础课程

第一部分：句子层面的中英思维转换

＜学会调整中英文间的定语状语顺序

◊学会巧妙的掩藏谓语动词

.)

一.热身——主谓的确定

1.问题出现

[Problemsarise.]

2.我认为……

[Iholdtheviewthat]

3.有些人认为

写作新思维基础课程

[Ithasbeensaidthat]

4人们喜欢…

[Peopleprefer...]

5.人们担心…

[peopleareconcernedabout...]

6.人们意识到

[peoplebecomeconsciousof]

7.人们忽略…

[peopledisregard/turnablindeyeto/turnadeafearto]

8.国家面临问题

[countriesfaceproblems!

9.问题在于

写作新思维基础课程

[Theproblemliesin...]

10.政府强调

[Thegovernmentemphasizesthat..J

11.消费者不相信广告

[Consumersareskepticalaboutadvertisements]

12.艺术反映现实

[Artsreflect/representlife.]

13.人类利用资源

[Humanbeingsdrawuponnaturalresources]

14.工作要求资格

[Thejobrequiresqualification.]

15.政府采取措施

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写作新思维基础课程

[Thegovernmenttakesstepstodo...]

16.国家经历危机

[Thecountryexperiencesacrisis.]

17.国家遭受损失

[Thecountrysuffersfromaloss.]

18.电视影晌人的生活

[TVexertsaninfluenceuponourlife.]

19.本课程训练独立思考能力

[Thecoursetrainsyoutothinkforyourself.]

20.汽车在夏天往往过热

[Thecartendstooverheatinsummer.]

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写作新思维基础课程

21.评论引争起论

[Theremarkgivesrisetodiscussion.1

22.理论来源于实践

[Theoryoriginatesfrompractice.1

23.做人应该里持原则’

[Oneshouldadheretoone'sownprinciples.]

24.调查显示

[Therecentsurveydemonstratesthat..]

25.报道揭露社会阴暗面

[Thereportexposesthedarksideofthesociety]

26.政府掩盖事实

[Thegovernmentconcealsthefact]

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写作新思维基础课程

27.青年人调整自己适应社会

[Theyoungadjustthemselvestotheconditionsofthesociety.1

28.新款福特汽车开始流行

[ThenewmodelofFordcomesintofashion.]

29.潮流显现

[Anewtrendshowsitself.]

30.潮流依旧

[Thetrendremainsunaltered.]

31.饥饿在某些区依然存在

[Hungerpersistsinsomeareas.]

32.生活充满不公正

[Lifeisfullofinjustice.1

写作新思维基础课程

33.充满激情、渴望

[Haveaburningpassion/desirefor]

34.接触自然

[Beexposedtonature]

35.电影获得注意

[themoviereceivesattention]

二.定语状语的顺序调整

(一)找出定语

1.Anumberofdevelopedcountriesfaceincreasinglypressingpopulationproblems.

2.Thefantastic.0丫记receivestremendousa【tentioninthepress.

3,Theexistingpolicywhichhasfailedtokeeppacewiththedevelopmentoftheeconomyaffeclsordinarypeopleonlowincome

4.Zoos,agreattouristattractionwhichbooststhelocaltourism,aresimplynolongeraplaceofentertainmentandrecreation.

5.而j诺.拉姆齐太太是一个非常富有的老妇人，多年来，二百同她养的猫拉斯特斯一起住在一所公寓里。

MrsEleanorRamsay,averywealthyoldlady,hassharedaflatwithhercat,Rastus,foragreatmanyyears.

6.Travellingataheightof30,000feet,farabovetheclouds,andatover50()milesanhourisanexhilaratingexperience.

7.Theinsurmountabletaskofgreatsignificancerequiresateamofhighlyqualifiedworkerswithampleexperience.

8.AuntHarrietdiscoveredthattherewerepilesofemptywinebottlesofallshapesandsizesneatlystackedinwhathadonce

beenBessie'swardrobe.

9.Pumasarelarge,cat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAmerica.

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写作新思维基础课程

1().Linedupagainstthewall,therewerelongthinwiresattachedtometalspheres.

11.Buriedsomewhereindeepgrass,thereisarustinglawn-mowerwhichIhavepromisedtorepaironeday.

12.Theyhadlargeroomswithbeautifullydecoratedwalls.

13.Readingisonlyapartialsolution,forthemonotonousrhythmofthewheelsclickingontherailssoonlullsyoutosleep.

14.Ifthelandscapeishiddenfromview,youcanenjoytheextraordinarysightofunbrokencloudplainsthatstretchoutformiles

beforeyou.

(二)定语位置调整

1.穿越平原的道路崎岖不平

Theroughroadacrosstheplain(NCE3-Lesson391

2.那一向相待大家很好的可爱的老妇人

adearoldladywhohadalwaysbeensokindtoeverybody[NCE3-Lesson24]

3.即使是对艺术不感兴趣的人也不会不注意到在公共场所展出的现代艺术品。

Evenpeoplewhotakenointerestinartcannothavefailedtonoticeexamplesofmodernsculptureondisplayinpublicplaces.

[NCE3-Lessonl8]

4.人们所熟悉的是悬挂在天花板上的、造型奇特、随风飘荡的雕塑品。

Oddlyshapedformsthataresuspendedfromtheceilingandmoveinresponsetoagustofwindarequitefamiliartoeverybody.

[NCE3-Lessonl8]

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写作新思维基础课程

5.Mary与丈夫Dimitri逐在希腊南部一个叫Perachora的小村庄里。Mary最珍贵的(prize)财产(possession)之一就是丈夫送给

他的一只白色小羊羔

MaryandherhusbandDimitrilivedinthetinyvillageofPerachorainsouthernGreece.OneofMary'sprizepossessionswasalittle

whitelambwhichherhusbandhadgivenher.[NCE3-Lessonl6]

6.靠墙排列着许多细长的电线，而电线又连着金属球。[NCE3-Lessonl8]

Linedupagainstthewall,therewerelongthinwiresattachedtometalspheres,

7.驱动轮子的链条断了一节

Oneofthelinksthatdrivesthewheelshadsnapped.

（三）状语位置调整

8.Hesaysnothingaboutthepoorselectionofgoodsintheshops,oraboutthoseunfortunatepeoplewhohavetotravelfromthe

countrytothecityeverydaytogettowork.

9.Fewthingscouldbemoreimpressivethanthepeacethatdescendsondesertedcitystreetsatweek-endswhenthethousandsthat

traveltoworkeverydayaretuckedawayintheirhomesinthecountry.

10.However,hehadatlastbeenallowedtosendafaxinwhichheinformedtheeditorthathehadbeenarrestedwhilecountingthe

1084stepsleadingtothe15-footwallwhichsurroundedthepresident'spalace.[NCE3-Lesson5]

三.巧藏谓语动词：S+V,［状语从句］/［分词“介词/adv］

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写作新思维基础课程

轻轻的我走了，Quietly,Ideparted,

正如我轻轻的来；AsIcamelikewise,

我轻轻的招手，Gentlywavingfarewell.

作别西天的云彩。Tocloudsaroundthesettingsun.

（一）状语从句及定语

1.原理：

)S()+V[

2.状语成分添加练习：

例：

由状语从句的添加

1.Bushwonhiselection,becauseheheldapositiononmoralissuewhichunderscorestheimportanceofthe

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写作新思维基础课程

church'seffortstoprotecttraditionalvaluesregardingthefamilyandlife.［原因］

2.AlthoughtheIraqwarhasbeenadisaster,andBush'selitistdomesticagendaisunpopularwithvoters,Bush

wonhiselectionanyway.［让步］

3.Bushwonhiselection,sothatheplungedU.S.intofurtherthreatofterrorism.

［结果］

4.AshasbeenexpectedbythehundredsofRepublicansupporterswhogatheredtwoblocksfromtheWhiteHouse

afteralongnightofpollwatchinganduncertainty,Bushwonhiselection

［situation］

m练习i

Theyoungchallengethetradition

令方式［by］

令目的［inorderto1

令让步［though］

◊原因［for］

令•条件［if］

0结果［so山at1

io

写作新思维基础课程

令方式[byshowingofftheirindividualstyleinclothesorhair]

令目的[inordertobeuniqueinthecrowd][gainmoreattentionfromothers]

令让步[thoughcomplainedbytheirelders]

◊原因(fortobeaproblemgivesthemanidentity1

令条件[iftheirparentscontinuallyimposetheirownmoralvaluesonthem]

◊结果[sothattheywillbroadenthegenerationgap]

今Togainattentionfromothers,youngpeoplechallengetraditionsintensely,byshowingofftheirindividualstyleinclothesor

hair.Despitecomplaintsfromtheirparents,tobeuniqueisinvariablyfascinating,fortobeaproblemgivesthemanidentity.

Iftheirelderscontinuallyimposetheirownmoralvaluesonthem,inevitably,theirradicalactivitieswillbroadenthe

generationgap.61

国1练习2white-collar-workerschangejobs

Q练习3profiteerssellfakeconsumersgoods

2.发展例证段

例：

Nowadays,theunderlyingtrendoftakin?part-timejobamorigcollegestudentsbecomeincreasinglyclear.1Astheresultofarecent

surveyamonganumberofkeyuniversitiesinPekingreveals,tightastimeis,agrowingnumberofcollegestudentstakethe

temporaryjobintheneighborhoodofthecollegeintheirleisuretime,fortheyintenttowinfinancialindependencefromtheir

families.2Oneofmyroommates,inspiteofcomplaintsaboutthebusylife,hasfoundthethirdpart-timejob,atutor,forshe

intendedtoaccumulatejob-specificexperience.

Arecentsurveyoftheeffectsofnoiserevealed(surprisingly)thatdogsbarkingincessantlyinthenightratedthehighestformofnoise

pollutiononasaleringingtom1d7.NCE3-Lesson47

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写作新思维基础课程

03练习1Theyoungchallengethetradition

练习2white-collar-workerschangejobs

£□练习3profiteerssellfakeconsumersgoods

(-)分词

1.主语一致的分词做状语

。原理：

初级练习：

1)Helookedathiswatch,andhesawthatitwasoneo'clock

Lookingathiswatch,hesawthatitwasoneo'clock

2)Hewasarmedwithatorch,andthevicarwentupintotheclocktowertoseewhatwasgoingon.

Armedwithatorch,thevicarwentupintotheclocktowertoseewhatwasgoingon.

3)Beforehereturnedhomeatnight,hetookashowerandchangedbackintohissuit.

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写作新思维基础谒蕤

Beforereturninghomeatnight,hetookashowerandchangedbackintohissuit.

4)Afterhegazedatthedisplayforseveralminutes,MrTaylorwentbackintohisshop.

Aftergazingatthedisplayforseveralminutes,MrTaylorwentbackintohisshop.

5)TheTitanicturnedjustintime,narrowlymissingtheimmensewalloficewhichroseover100feetoutofthewaterbeside

her.

TlieTitanicturnedjustintime,sothatitnarrowymissedtheimmensewalloficewhichroseover100feetoutofthewater

besideher.

6)Thoughheownedalargecar,hehardlyeverusedit,preferringalwaystogoonfoot.

Thoughheownedalargecar,hehardlyeverusedit,forhepreferredalwaystogoonfoot.

7)Ifthemarecookedinwine,snailsareagreatluxuryinvariouspartsoftheworld.

Cookedinwine,snailsareagreatluxuryinvariouspartsoftheworld.

8)Inordertoavoidcollidingwiththetaxi,1veeredshapely

Toavoidcollidingwiththetaxi,Iveeredshapely.

9)Onenight,however,feelingcoldandlonely,Iwentdownstairsandsatinfrontofthetelevisionpretendingtoread.

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10)shetriedtoexplainthesituation,saying"it'sonlyme”！

12)Bewildered,wonderingwhatonearthhewassupposedtohavedonethistime,HarrygotupandfollowedUncleVernonout

ofthekitchenandintothenextroom.

13)Shestandsatthedoorstill.

14)Ashamedofhavingactedsorashly,DimitriapologizedtoAlekoforhavingaccusedhim.

15)Fearingtoawakethebaby,Islippedawaysoftly.

16)Inevitablyyouarriveatyourdestinationalmostexhausted.

17)Allmenarecreatedequal.

18)Weeryoystaringatthementrancedastheygoabouttheirbusiness,unaware(wehope)ofourpresence.

©做个有趣的小练习

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写作新思维基础课程

渔者Tisfier

■Cast

■撒/scorchingnet

滚烫的网

■Immerse

■浸IntfieicyBrine

冰冷的海

■^Drawup

月

■收落cfampenecfHeart

潮湿的心情■Sail

面6a诋

■摇7btheConefyharborofmine...

回

一个人的港……

CQ高级练习：

11）她手捧一束鲜花，向儿子挥手告别，望着儿子远去的身影，两行热泪夺眠而出。

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写作新思维基础课程

Holdingabunchofflowersinherhand,shewaswavinghersongoodbye,seeinghimoffandreducingtotears.

12)就在你接电话时，孩子把桌布从桌子上扯了下来，将家中最好的陶瓷餐具(crockery)半数砸碎，同时也弄伤了他自己。

Whileyouareonthephone,thebabypullsthetable-clothoffthetable,smashinghalfyourbestcrockeryandcutting

himselfintheprocess.

13)和平时期，当生意萧条时，Hawkwood边带领他的士兵进入某个城邦(city-slate),纵火烧毁一两个农场，然后提出，

如果向他们缴纳保护金离，他们便主动离开。

Intimesofpeace,whenbusinesswasbad,Hawkwoodandhismenwouldmarchintoacity-staleand,afterburningdowna

fewfarms,wouldoffertogoawayifprotectionmoneywaspaidtothem.

14）我在地毯上跳过来蹦过去，扭曲身子，摆出各种姿势，弄得浑身不舒服，然后做到桌子边吃早饭，一副精疲力竭的样

子。

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写作新思维基础谒蕤

Afterjumpingaboutonthecarpetandtwistingthehumanframeintouncomfortablepositions,Isatdownatthebreakfast

tableinanexhaustedcondition.

2.主语不一致的分词做状语

原理：

1)Withsomuchworktodo,hehadtostayuptonight.

S'+S+V

2)Withglasseson,hedidhisworkmorequickly

S,+,S+V

3)Withtheworkfinished,helefttheoffice

ST,S+V

4)Withthedooropen,helefttheoffice.

ST,S+V

5)WithabunchofHowersinhishand,hecameintothebedroom.

S，+,S+V

6)Shesattheresilent,withtearsstreamingdownherrosychecks.

SY,S+V

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写作新思维基础课程

7)Thesilencewassuddenlybroken[whenalargecar,withitsheadlightsonanditshornblaring,roareddownthearcade.]It

cametoastopoutsidethejeweler's.Onemanstayedatthewheel[whiletwootherswithblackstockingsovertheirfaces

jumpedoutandsmashedthewindowoftheshopwithironbars.]

CQ练习：

i)

Hehobbledintotheroom.

Hishairwasunkemptanddirty.

Hisclotheswerestainedandtattered.

Histoeswerestickingoutofhisshoes

Hehobbledintotheroom,hairunkemptanddirty,clothesstainedandtattered,andtoesstickingoutofhisshoes

2)Ayounggirlwasstandingaloneatthecornerofthestreet.

Sheseemedwaitingforsomeone.

Sheheldafashionablepurseinherhands.

Standingaloneatthecornerofthestreet,ayounggirlseemedwaitingforsomeone

withafashionablepurseinherhands

3)AboySatinthemiddleoftheroom.

Helookedanxious.

Heputhislefthandinhispocket

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写作新思维基础谒蕤

Sittinginthemiddleoftheroom,aboylookedanxious,withhislefthandputinhispocket.

4)Iwentintotheoffice

Withmyhandssweating,(with)myhairstandingonend,(with)myheartpounding

Withmyfacebrightenedup,(with)eyestwinkling,(with)smileshining.

Withmyspiritdampened,withmyfeetshambling/trudged,withmyeyesmistedwithtears.

5)Tall,thinandbalding,hemovedtowardsuncleVernon,hishandoutstretched,butuncleVernonbackedawayseveralpaces,

draggingAuntPetunia.

6)Thismadethedriverwhowasfollowingherbrakehard.Hiswifewassittingbeside

himandshewasholdingalargecake.Asshewasthrownforward,thecakewent

rightthroughthewindscreenandlandedontheroad.Alorry-driverwasdrawingup

alongsidethecar.Hesawacakeflyingthroughtheairandpulledupallofasudden.

Thismadethedriverfollowingherbrakehard.Hiswifewassittingbesidehimholdingalargecake.Withshethrownforward,

thecakewentrightthroughthewindscreenandlandedontheroad.Seeingacakeflyingthroughtheair,alorry-driverwhowas

drawingupalongsidethecar,pulledupallofasudden.

3.介词及副词

I)走上楼并进入房间

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写作新思维基础课程

2）从田里归来

3）一声大喊从墙后传出

4）瓶子滑落到地上

5）她跳出来扑到我身上

6）一枚硬币掉到井里不见了

7）他踩到一块冰上滑到了

第二部分：词汇层面的中英思维转换

一.词汇的个性化——换词库

konjj

1.Assoonas------themoment

beaboutto

justas

attheverymomentthat

2.Notonly...butalso------notonly...butaswell/aswellas

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写作新思维基础课程

3.though

4.sothat

5.because

6.but

1.Sooneverybodygotusedtotheidea,butmyenthusiasmwaned.

Sooneverybodygotusedtotheidea.However,myenthusiasmwaned.

2.OneofMary'sprizepossessionswasalittlewhitelambwhichherhusbandhadgivenher,butoneevening,thelambwasmissing.

OneofMary'sprizepossessionswasalittlewhitelambwhichherhusbandhadgivenher.Oneevening,however,thelambwas

missing.

3.Duringthesummermonths,themonasteryisverybusy,butinwinter,lifeatthemonasteryisquitedifferent.

Duringthesummermonths,themonasteryisverybusy,Inwinter,however,lifeatthemonasteryisquitedifferent.

4.AHthecattlehadbeenmovedintostallsandwestoodtoloselittle,butwewereworriedaboutournearestneighbors.

Allthecattlehadbeenmovedintostallsandwestoodtoloselittle.Wewere,however,worriedaboutournearestneighbors

5.Mostofourfearsareunreasonable,buttheyareimpossibletoerase.Atthesametime,however,insectsarestrangelyfascinating.

7.so+adjthat

ModalVerb

8.Mustbe-----beboundto

eg.Thecomingofautomationisboundtohaveimportantsocialconsequence

9.cannotbe------It'simpossiblethat...

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写作新思维基础课程

10.sbcandosth-----sbneverfailtodosth.

[adj][adv]

6.without-independentof

eg.Idosomefurtherresearchwithouttheprofessor'sinstruction,

7.many------agood/greatmany

manya

a(large)numberof

numerous/countless

---------acoupleof

adozenof

severaldozensof

tensof

hundredsof

thousandsof

tensofthousandsof

hundredsofthousandsof

12.much-----agood/greatdeal

------untold/infinite

13.mostofus——the(vast)majorityofpeople

14.morethan------well/far/littlemorethan

15.moreandmore-----increasinglymore/less

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写作新思维基础课程

16.themost

令Ifitisnot,andyouarelikelytogetsea-sick,noformoftransportcouldbeworse.

令Butnothingcanmatchthemforspeedandcomfort.

令Nothingcanbecompared,hemaintains,withthefirstcockcrow,thetwitteringof

birdsatdawn,thesightoftherisingsunglintingonthetreesandpastures.

令Fewthingscouldbemoreimpressivethanthepeacethatdescendsondesertedcity

streetsatweek-ends

令Nocreaturehasreceivedmorepraiseandabusethanthecommongardensnail.

17.sthisveryimportant-----sthissignificant

------sthisofgreatimportance/significance

18.very------extraordinarily%

exceptionally卜©

remarkablyJ

particularly®

extremely/infinitely/endlessly

-------quite/fairly

rather

pretty/perfectly

19.时间频率副词

never

seldom/rarely/hardly/barely/scarcely

sometimes----occasionally

often-…frequently

usually——continually

always----invariably

20.Adv的替换

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写作新思维基础课程

a)Below,thecaptainrealizedthattheTitanicwassinkingrapidly.

b)Theteacherwentthroughmybag.

c)Theteacherpouncedonthepieceofpaperfullofwords.

d)Theteacherquestionedme.

e)TheOfficerwentthroughthecasecarefully.AllthethingsIhadpackedsocarefullyweresooninadreadfulmess.Tomy

dismay,IfeltsureIwouldneverbeabletoclosethecaseagain.Suddenly,Hehadspottedatinybottleatthebottomofmy

caseandhepouncedonitdelightedly.

参考答案：TheOfficerwentthroughthecasewithgreatcare.AllthethingsIhadpackedsocarefullyweresooninadreadful

mess.Tomydismay,IfeltsureIwouldneverbeabletoclosethecaseagain.Suddenly,Hehadspottedatinybottleatthebottom

ofmycaseandhepouncedonitwithdeiight

[Verb]

21.Wantto------tendto/wishto[good]

intendto

manageto

getroundto

22,trytodo------exertoneselftodo

tryone'sbesttodo------exertone'sutmosttodo

exerteverypossibleefforttodo

23.Ithinkthat-----Iholdtheviewthat…

Pmconvincedthat…

Sbthinkthat-----sbunderthedelusion/illusionthat...

formanunrealisticpictureof...

Sb.claim/assumethat...

It'shadbeensaidthat....

24.dislike——sthneverappealtome

---despise

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写作新思维基础课程

25.happy——go/run/fly/burstintoraptures

26.influence——benefit©

------affect®

26.have-----have——boast/enjoy©

--sufferfrom®

—bear[feeling/view]

—cherish[wish]

——exert[influence]

-----possess[talent/gift]

二词汇的多样化

（一）经典例子分析

1.Wehaveallexperienceddayswheneverythinggoeswrong.Adaymaybeginwellenough,butsuddenlyeverythingseemstoget

outofcontrol.Whatinvariablyhappensisthatagreatnumberofthingschoosetogowrongatpreciselythesamemoment.Itis

asifasingleunimportanteventsetupachainofreactions.Letussupposethatyouarepreparingamealandkeepinganeyeon

thebabyThetelephoneringsandthismarksthepreludetoanunforeseenseriesofcatastrophes,youare

onthephone,thebabypullsthetable-clothoffthetablesmashinghalfyourbestcrockeryandcuttinghimselfYou

hanguphurriedlyandattendtobaby,crockery,etc.,themealgetsburnt.Asifthiswerenotenoughtoreduceyouto

tears,yourhusbandarrives,unexpectedlybringingthreegueststodinner.L33

2.Youcanstretchyourlegsonthespaciousdecks,playgames,swim,meetinterestingpeopleandenjoygoodfbod-always

assuming,ofcourse,thattheseaiscalm.Ifitisnot,andyouarclikelytogetsea-sick,noformoftransportcouldbeworse.

Evenifyoutravel,seajourneystakealongtime.

3.Shopscaterforthedo-it-yourselfcrazenotonlybyspecialadvisoryservicesfornovices,butby

consumersbitsandpieceswhichtheycanassembleathome.Suchthingsanexcellentoutletforpent-upcreative

energy,butunfortunatelynotallofusarebornhandymen.

4.Duringtherushhouroneeveningtwocarscollidedandbothdriversbegantoargue.Thewomanimmediatelybehindthetwo

carshappenedtobealearner.Shesuddenlygotintoapa