2023-2024学年湖北省宜荆荆恩四地高三上学期9月联考英语试题(（解析版）)

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省宜荆荆恩四地2023-2024学年高三上学期9月联考英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时,先将〖答案〗标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的〖答案〗转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whoisthemancomplainingabout?A.Hiswife. B.Histeacher. C.Hiskid.〖答案〗C〖解析〗M:Ireallydon’tknowhowtoteachmyson.He’sgettingfarabovehimself.W:Youshouldsendhimtotheboardingschool.Heneedsastrictteacher.M:Maybeyou’reright.I’lldiscussitwithmywifetonight.2.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.Toseekadvice. B.Tomakearequest. C.Toofferhelp.〖答案〗B〖解析〗W:Jack,wouldyoumindlockinguptheofficethiseveningwheneveryone’sfinished?M:Noproblem.Ihavetoworklatetonightanyway.3.WhyisJaneupset?A.Shegotaparkingticket.B.Hercarstoppedworking.C.Shefoundnoparkingspace.〖答案〗B〖解析〗W:I’llnevertakemycardowntownagain.M:What’sthematter,Jane?Didyougetanotherparkingticket,oryoudidn’tfindaparkingspace?W:IwishIwerejustthat.Mycarbrokedown.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Thecausesofsandstorms.B.Thedangersofsandstorms.C.Thepreventionofsandstorms.〖答案〗A〖解析〗W:Thereportsayswewillhaveanotherheavysandstormtomorrow.Whyaretheresomanysandstormsthesedays?M:Ithinkthemostimportantreasonisthatlotsoftreeshavebeencutdown.Asaresult,therearen’tenoughtreesandgrasstoholdthesoilinplace.Soearthandsandiseasytobeblownupintotheairwhenstrongwindcomes.5.WhatwouldthegirllikemostforChristmas?A.Atoycar. B.Apiano. C.Littledolls.〖答案〗B〖解析〗M:Well,Christmasisalmosthere.So,whatdoyouwantthisyear?W:IfIcan’thaveapiano,um,Iwouldhavesomelittledolls.AndifIcan’thavesomelittledolls,atoycarwouldbefine.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。6.Whereisthewomansitting?A.Onthegrass. B.Ontheplayground. C.Nearthefountain.7.Whatisthemandoing?A.Readingabook. B.Havingapicnic. C.Takingawalk.〖答案〗6.A7.C〖解析〗M:Whatabeautifuldaytobeatthepark!W:Oh,hi.Yes,it’saniceday,isn’tit?M:Youlookcomfortablesittingonthegrassintheshadereading.W:It’saquietspotawayfromtheplayground.M:Thisisagreatspotforapicnic.Thisismuchmorepeacefulthantheothersidenearthefountain.W:Yeah.Areyoulookingforthebaseballfield?It’sontheothersideofthepark.M:Yes,Iknow.I’mtakingawalkaroundtheparktobepreparedforthebaseballgame.Whydon’tyoucomeandwatch?听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。8.WhatiswallstreetBears?A.Anovel. B.Amovie. C.Atelevisiondrama.9.Whenwillthespeakersgotothemoviefestival?A.onSaturday. B.onSunday. C.onMonday.〖答案〗8.B9.A〖解析〗W:Areyougoingtothemoviefestivalagainthisyear?M:I’dlovetogo,butI’mtoobusynextweek.Whatareyougoingfor?W:ThemanageraskedmetoattendthefirstpublicperformanceofWallStreetBears.Youknow，themovieisbasedonNicholasScott’snewnovel.M:It’safascinatingnovel.ButIhavetofinishwritingaseriesofarticlesaboutanewtelevisiondrama.W:Well,couldyougowithmeonSaturdayandcomebackonSundayorMonday?M:Sure.听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。10.Whendidthemanfinishhiswork?A.Atnight. B.Intheafternoon. C.Atnoon.11.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodotonight?A.Writeanessay. B.Teachherhistory. C.Stopplayingthepiano.12.Howmightthewomanfeel?A.Upset. B.Thankful. C.Curious.〖答案〗10.C11.C12.A〖解析〗W:Canyouholdthedoorsaminute,Mike?I’vegotabigbaghere.M:Uptothefourthfloor?W:Yes,please.Haveyoujustfinishedyourwork?M:Actually.Ifinishedatlunchtimetodaybecausethey’rereplacingourcomputers.SoI’vebeentothegymthisafternoon.W:Areyougoingouttonight?M:No.Areyouinvitingmesomewhere?W:Oh,no,I’veactuallyspentalldaytryingtowriteahistoryessayandIstillhaven’tfinishedit.Ihavetohanditintomorrow.Istarteditlastweek…M:Sorry.Ican’thelpyouwiththat...Ineverenjoyedstudyinghistoryatschool.W:Idon’tneedanyhelpwiththeessay.Butyoucanhelpmebynotplayingyourpiano.Ijustcan’tstanditanymore.M:I’msorry,butnobody’severcomplainedbefore.听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。13.Whatdoesthemanthinkisimportanttobeatopracingdriver?A.Concentration. B.Experience. C.Drivingskills.14.Whointroducedcarracingtotheman?A.Hisfriends. B.Hisdad. C.Hismum.15.Whatdoesthemansuggestyoungdriversdo?A.Tryvarioussports. B.Gotouniversityfirst. C.Workoutinthegym.16.Whatisthewoman?A.Acoach. B.Ahostess. C.Adriver.〖答案〗13.A14.B15.C16.B〖解析〗W:Intoday’sSportingWorld,wehavearacingdriverwithus—SimonWebster.Welcome,Simon.Tellme,whatskillsdoyouneedtobeatopracingdriver?M:Youdoneedtoknowsomethingabouthowthecarworks.Ithinkeverytimeyoudoarace,ithelpstobeabitfrightened,asitmeansyoureallypayattention.That’sreallyimportant.Otherwise,itcouldbeverydangerous.W:Howdidyougetinterested?M:Myfriendswereallmoreinterestedinfootball,butmydaddidabitofracingandheletmetry.Andmymumalsogivesmesomuchsupport.W:Whatadvicewouldyougiveyoungracingdrivers?M:Somepeoplesayyoushouldgotouniversityfirst,butyou’llbetoooldwhenyouhaveenoughtime.Ifyoureallywanttobeatopracingdriver,trainandgetasfitasyoucanbygoingtothegym.Don’triskplayingothersportsbecauseyoumightgetinjured.W:OK,thankyouverymuchfortalkingtoustoday.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.WhydoesthespeakergiveJoanMilleraspecialwelcome?A.Towishherahappybirthday.B.Tothankherforhercoming.C.Toinvitehertojointheclub.18.WhatiswoodvilleLunchmainlyaimedat?A.Givinghelp. B.providingfood. C.offeringcompanionship.19.Whatarethelistenersexpectedtodoafterlunch?A.Gettoknoweachother. B.Clearawaythedishes. C.watchashow.20.Onwhichoccasionisthetalkprobablygiven?A.Atabirthdayparty. B.Ataroutinemeeting. C.Atanopeningofaclub.〖答案〗17.A18.C19.A20.C〖解析〗M:Ladiesandgentlemen,itismygreatpleasuretopresentthefirstmeetingoftheWoodvilleLunchforseniorcitizens.Weallhopethatthiswillbeagreatsuccessandthattherewillbemoretocome.IamextremelypleasedthatsomanyofyouareabletobeheretodayandIgiveawarmwelcometoyouall.IwouldliketosayaparticularlywarmwelcometoJoanMiller,whoisninety-fouryearsoldtoday.I’msurethatyouwillalljoinmeinwishingJoanaveryhappybirthday.Theaimoftheclubis,ofcourse,notonlytoprovidefood,butalsomainlytoprovidecompanionshipalthoughitisextremelyimportantthatpeopleofallageseatnutritiousfood,andIcantellyounowthatitisdelicious!Ihavealreadytastedit.However,theclubexistsnotonlytoprovidefoodandI’msurethatmanyofyouwouldliketostayonafterthelunchthingshavebeenclearedawaysothatyoucanhaveachat.Today,we’renotinahurrysothatyoucangettoknoweachother.Indeed,Ihopethatwillbethecasebecausethatwillshowthatyouareallenjoyingyourselvesandthatisthemainpointofthisclub.Havefun!第二部分阅读理解(共20小题，每小题2.5分，满分50分)第一节(共15小题,每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列材料,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。ABooksteachusabouttruth,science,literature,friendshipandthevalueofloveandcaring.Hereare4booksyoushouldreadatleastonceinyourlife.1.Charlotte’swebbyE.B.WhiteCharlotte’swebisanovelaboutapignamedwilburandaspidernamedCharlottewrittenbyAmericanauthorE.B.white.Itfirstcameoutin1952,withillustrationsbyGarthWilliams.Alive-actionfilmversionwaspublishedin2006.White’snovelisalessonforchildrenandareminderforadultsofthebeautyofnatureandtheimportanceofrespectingeverycreatureonthisearth.2.TheLittleprincebyAntoineDesaint-ExuperyThemost-translatedbookinFrench,TheLittleprinceisthestoryofalittleboywhofallstoEarthfromaminorplanettotrytounderstandmankind.Inhistravelshemeetsaseriesofstrangeanddelightfulcharacters.Itisafableaboutthefoolishnessofmanandman’stendencytowardself-destruction,aswellasthetransformativepoweroffriendshipandtrust.3.ThekiteRunnerbyKhaledHosseiniThekiteRunnerisisthestoryoftheunlikelyandcomplicatedfriendshipbetweenAmir,thesonofawealthymerchant,andHassan,thesonofhisfather’sservant.Hosseinibringshishomelandtolifeforus,showingusaworldofordinarypeople,theenduringloveoffriendship,andthepowerofforgiveness.4.RequiredReadingforAllTeenagersbyDouglaspagelsMuch-lovedforitsmixofheartfeltthoughts,RequiredReadingforAllTeenagerscombinesthewordsofDouglaspagelswiththewritingsoffamouspeoplefromthefieldsofsports.Nowinaredesignedversion,itisabetter-than-eversourcethatgivesparentssomesolidadviceonparentingteenagers.21.Whatdoweknowaboutcharlotte’sweb?A.Itwasonceadaptedforafilm. B.ItwasillustratedbyE.B.white.C.Itwasoriginallyreleasedin2006. D.Itwasspeciallydesignedforkids.22.WhatdoTheLittleprinceandThekiteRunnerbothtalkabout?A.Animals. B.Friendship. C.Forgiveness. D.Celebrities.23.Whichbookbestsuitsthoseconcernedaboutfamilyeducation?A.Charlotte’sweb. B.TheLittleprince.C.ThekiteRunner. D.RequiredReadingforAllTeenagers.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章向读者推荐了一生中至少应该读一次的4本书。〖答案〗21.A22.B23.D21．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据Charlotte’swebbyE.B.White部分中“Alive-actionfilmversionwaspublishedin2006.(真人版电影于2006年出版)”可知，该本书于2006年被改编为真人版电影。故选A。22．〖解析〗推理判断题。根据TheLittleprincebyAntoineDesaint-Exupery部分中“Itisafableaboutthefoolishnessofmanandman’stendencytowardself-destruction,aswellasthetransformativepoweroffriendshipandtrust.(这是一个关于人类的愚蠢和自我毁灭倾向的寓言，以及友谊和信任的变革力量)”以及ThekiteRunnerbyKhaledHosseini部分中“ThekiteRunnerisisthestoryoftheunlikelyandcomplicatedfriendshipbetweenAmir,thesonofawealthymerchant,andHassan,thesonofhisfather’sservant.(《追风筝的人》讲述了富有商人的儿子阿米尔和他父亲仆人的儿子哈桑之间不太可能但又复杂友谊)”可推知，两本书共同之处都提及了“友谊”这个话题。故选B。23．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据RequiredReadingforAllTeenagersbyDouglaspagels部分中“Nowinaredesignedversion,itisabetter-than-eversourcethatgivesparentssomesolidadviceonparentingteenagers.(现在，在一个精心设计的版本中，它比以往任何时候都更好地为父母提供了一些关于养育青少年的可靠建议)”可知，这本书更好地为父母提供了一些关于养育青少年的可靠建议。由此可知，这本书是关于家庭教育的。故选D。BTheTwenty-three-year-oldMumbaigirlVidhiBubnaisofferingIndia’sfirstandonlydivinggranttoexplorethemarineecosystem.Vidhi’sfirstdivingexperienceturnedouttobeaheartbreakingone.WhilesheexpectedalotofcolorsunderwaterasshehadseenonTV,Vidhicameacrossallwhitecorals(珊瑚),whichmeanstheyarealmostdeadfrombeingbleached(褪色).“ItwasverysadandIjuststartedcryingaftercomingoutofthewater,”shesays.Vidhi,aneconomicsgraduatefromAshokaUniversity,didnotenjoyworkingwithnumbersandturnedtowritingaboutsocialissues,includingwomen’srightsandminorityissues.Asanadventurelover,Vidhiwentdivingtoexploretheunderwaterbeautylastyear.HerdisappointmentatseeingdyingcoralsledtothestartofCoralWarriors,anon-profitorganizationthataimstoraiseawarenessofmarineprotectionandclimatechange.“Nobodyknowsaboutclimatechangetilltheyseeit,”Vidhisays.TheMumbai-basedorganisationoffersIndia’sfirstandonlydivinggrant.Thegrantsponsorslevel-onescubadivingeducationinanylocationoftheirchoiceinIndia.Whilethereisnospecificstandard,Vidhisaystheselectionprocessisstrict,choosingcandidateswhoarepassionateaboutclimatechangeandseeingthattheydosomethingoftheirchoice.Fourcandidateshavebeenawardedthegrantsofarandtheorganisationhopestofindatleastfivepeopleeveryyear.“Afterthecandidatesreturn,weexpectthemtoworkonaclimatechangeprojectoftheirchoice,createcommunities,andworktocreateawarenessanddriveaction-centricprojects,”sheexplains.Priortostartingcoralwarriors,Vidhiwashostingfreeonlineworkshopstospreadawarenessofmarinebiodiversityandclimatechange,andhasreachedabout5,000peoplethroughthem.Asanextstep,Vidhiisplanningtoworkondocumentarieswithhigh-qualityunderwaterimagesandvideos,consideringnotmanycanaffordorhavethecouragetogodivingtoseewhatishappeningunderwater.24.HowdidVidhifeelonherfirstdiving?A.Excited. B.Upset. C.Awesome. D.Awkward.25.WhydidVidhisetupCoralWarriors?A.Tofocusmoreattentiononsocialissues.B.Tofurtherexploretheunderwaterbeauty.C.Tofuelpeople’senthusiasmforadventure.D.Tomakeanappealformarineconservation.26.Whatarecandidatesexpectedtodo?A.Tohelppromotepeople’ssenseofcommunity.B.Tochoosewhatevertheyarepassionateabout.C.Tomeetspecificandstrictselectionstandards.D.Toundertakeactivitiesrelevanttoclimatechange.27.WhatwillVidhidotoprotectmarinebiodiversity?A.Ahootdocumentaries. B.Tackleclimatechange.C.Encouragepeopletodive. D.Hostfreeonlineworkshops.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了23岁的孟买女孩VidhiBubna被提供印度首个、也是唯一的潜水奖学金，以探索海洋生态系统。〖答案〗24.B25.D26.D27.A24．〖解析〗细节理解题。由第二段中“Vidhi’sfirstdivingexperienceturnedouttobeaheartbreakingone.(Vidhi的第一次潜水经历令人心碎)”和第三段中“ItwasverysadandIjuststartedcryingaftercomingoutofthewater(当时很难过，我刚从水里出来就哭了)”可知，Vidhi的第一次潜水经历让她沮丧（Upset）。故选B项。25．〖解析〗细节理解题。由第五段中“HerdisappointmentatseeingdyingcoralsledtothestartofCoralWarriors,anon-profitorganizationthataimstoraiseawarenessofmarineprotectionandclimatechange.(她对看到濒临死亡的珊瑚感到失望，于是成立了珊瑚战士组织，这是一个非营利组织，旨在提高人们对海洋保护和气候变化的认识)”可知，Vidhi设置珊瑚战士组织是为了呼吁人们重视海洋保护。故选D项。26．〖解析〗细节理解题。由倒数第三段中“Afterthecandidatesreturn,weexpectthemtoworkonaclimatechangeprojectoftheirchoice,createcommunities,andworktocreateawarenessanddriveaction-centricprojects(候选人回来后，我们希望他们参与自己选择的气候变化项目，创建社区，努力提高认识，推动以行动为中心的项目)”可知，候选人被期盼着参与气候变化相关的活动。故选D项。27．〖解析〗细节理解题。由最后一段“Asanextstep,Vidhiisplanningtoworkondocumentarieswithhigh-qualityunderwaterimagesandvideos,consideringnotmanycanaffordorhavethecouragetogodivingtoseewhatishappeningunderwater.(作为下一步，考虑到没有多少人能负担得起或有勇气去潜水看看水下发生了什么，Vidhi计划制作具有高质量水下图像和视频的纪录片)”可知，Vidhi通过拍摄纪录片来保护海洋生物多样性。故选A项。CCichlidsandstingrays(慈鲷和黄貂鱼)canperformsimpleplusandsubtraction(减法)inthenumberrangeofonetofive.ThishasbeenshowninarecentstudybytheuniversityofBonn,whichhasnowbeenpublishedinthejournalscientificReports.ThisfacthasbeenknownforsometimethatCichlidsandstingrayscanpreciselydetectsmallquantitieswithoutcounting.However,thenewresearchledbyDr.veraschluesselfromtheuniversityofBonnhasshownthatbothspeciescanevencalculate.“Wetrainedtheanimalstoperformsimpleadditionsandsubtractions,”Schluesselexplains.“Indoingso,theyhadtoincreaseordecreaseapremiervaluebyone.”Bluemeans“addone”,andyellowmeans“subtractone”.Buthowdoyouaskacichlidfortheresultof“2+1”or“5-1”?Theresearchersusedamethodotherresearchgroupshadalreadysuccessfullyusedtotestthemathematicalabilitiesofbees:Theyshowedthefishacollectionofgeometricshapes—forexample,foursquares.Iftheseobjectswerecoloredblue,thismeant“addone”.Yellow,ontheotherhand,meant“subtractone”.Aftershowingtheoriginalstimulus(e.g.foursquares),theanimalswereshowntwonewpictures—onewithfiveandonewiththreesquares.Iftheyswamtothecorrectpicture(i.e.tothefivesquaresinthe“blue”arithmetictask),theywererewardedwithfood.Iftheygavethewronganswer,theywentawayempty-handed.Overtime,theylearnedtoassociatethebluecolorwithanincreaseofoneintheamountshownatthebeginning,andtheyellownumberwithadecrease.Butcanthefishapplythisknowledgetonewtasks?Havetheyactuallymasteredthemathematicalrulebehindthecolors?“Tocheckthis,wewilldesignedlyleaveoutsomecalculationsduringfuturetraining,”Schluesselexplains.28.Whatisknownaboutthetwospeciesbeforethenewresearch?A.Theycancountsmallquantitieseasily.B.Theycanassociatecolorswithnumbers.C.Theycandosimplecalculationsbytraining.D.Theycanidentifysmallquantitiesaccurately.29.Whyisthebee-methodapplied?A.Toillustratefish’sability. B.Toensuretheresearch’sreliability.C.Tocomparefishandbees. D.Topromotetheresearch’sapplication.30.Howistheexperimentcarriedout?A.Bycollectingandcalculating. B.Bycomparingandanalysing.C.Byobservingandconcluding. D.Bypredictingandchecking.31.Whatdoesthelastparagraphimply?A.Thefisharecompetentinmathematicalcalculation.B.Theprocedureoftheexperimentneedsimprovement.C.Moretrialsarestillneededtoconfirmthenewfindings.D.Calculationmethodsarecomprehendedbybothspecies.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，研究表明，慈鲷和黄貂鱼两种鱼有简单的数学计算能力。〖答案〗28.D29.B30.C31.C28．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“ThisfacthasbeenknownforsometimethatCichlidsandstingrayscanpreciselydetectsmallquantitieswithoutcounting.(这一事实早已为人所知，慈鲷和黄貂鱼可以在不计数的情况下精确地检测到少量的数量)”可知，人们早就知道慈鲷和黄貂鱼不需要数就能精确地识别较小的数字，故选D。29．〖解析〗推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“Theresearchersusedamethodotherresearchgroupshadalreadysuccessfullyusedtotestthemathematicalabilitiesofbees(研究人员使用了一种其他研究小组已经成功用于测试蜜蜂数学能力的方法)”可知，研究人员借鉴测试蜜蜂的方法是为了确保研究的可靠性，故选B。30．〖解析〗推理判断题。根据第三段中“Theyshowedthefishacollectionofgeometricshapes—forexample,foursquares.Iftheseobjectswerecoloredblue,thismeant‘addone’.Yellow,ontheotherhand,meant‘subtractone’.Aftershowingtheoriginalstimulus(e.g.foursquares),theanimalswereshowntwonewpictures—onewithfiveandonewiththreesquares.Iftheyswamtothecorrectpicture(i.e.tothefivesquaresinthe‘blue’arithmetictask),theywererewardedwithfood.Iftheygavethewronganswer,theywentawayempty-handed.Overtime,theylearnedtoassociatethebluecolorwithanincreaseofoneintheamountshownatthebeginning,andtheyellownumberwithadecrease.(他们向鱼展示了一组几何形状——例如，四个正方形。如果这些物体是蓝色的，这意味着‘加1’。另一方面，黄色表示‘减1’。在展示了原始的刺激（例如四个正方形）之后，给动物们看了两张新的图片——一张有五个正方形，另一张有三个正方形。如果它们游到正确的图片（也就是说，在‘蓝色’算术任务中找到五个正方形），它们会得到食物奖励。如果它们给出了错误的〖答案〗，它们就会空手而归。随着时间的推移，他们学会了将蓝色与开始时显示的数量增加1联系起来，将黄色数字与减少联系起来。)”可知，研究人员是通过观察和得出结论而展开的，故选C。31．〖解析〗推理判断题。根据最后一段“Butcanthefishapplythisknowledgetonewtasks?Havetheyactuallymasteredthemathematicalrulebehindthecolors?‘Tocheckthis,wewilldesignedlyleaveoutsomecalculationsduringfuturetraining,’Schluesselexplains.(但是鱼能把这些知识应用到新的任务中吗？它们真的掌握了颜色背后的数学法则吗？‘为了验证这一点，我们将在未来的训练中故意省略一些计算。’Schluessel解释说)”可知，还需要更多的实验来证实新发现，故选C。DThe“diet”indietdrinksmaybeafalsepromiseforsomesodalovers.True,theydeliverthetasteofasodaexperience,withoutthecalories.Yet,newresearchshowstheycanalsoleavepeoplewithincreasedappetite.AstudypublishedrecentlyinJAMANetworkopenaddstotheevidencethatdrinksmadewithsucralose,anartificialsweetener(甜味剂),mayincreasetheappetiteamongsomepeople.“Wefoundfemalesandoverweightpeoplehadgreaterbrainrewardactivityafterconsumingtheartificialsweetener,”saysstudyauthorKatiePage,aphysicianattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.Bothgroupsatemorefoodafterconsumingdrinkswithsucralose,comparedwithafterregularsugar-sweeteneddrinks.Incontrast,thestudyfoundmalesandpeopleofhealthyweightdidnothaveanincreaseineitherbrainrewardactivityorhungerresponse,suggestingthey’renotaffectedinthesameway.Onetheoryisthatit’snottheartificialsweeteneritselfthathasadirecteffectonthebody.Theideaisthatartificialsweetenersmayconfusethebodybytrickingitintothinkingsugariscoming.“Youaresupposedtogetsugaraftersomethingtastessweet,”explainsSwithers,“Yourbodyhasbeenusedtothat.”Butthesugarneverarrives,whichmayleadtothebody’slessefficiencyinprocessingsugarthatsconsumedlater.Swithers’labhasalsodocumentedthatwhenanimalswithahistoryofconsumingartificialsweetenersgetrealsugar,theirbloodsugarlevelsrisehigherthanthoseofanimalsnotfedartificialsweeteners.“It’sasmalleffect,butovertimethiscouldcontributetopotentiallysignificantconsequences,”shesays.Ifthisishappeninginsomepeoplewhoconsumedietsoda,itcouldaddtotheriskofType2diabetes(糖尿病),becausewhenbloodsugarrises,thebodyhastoreleasemoreinsulin(胰岛素)toabsorbthesugar.“Sowhatyou’redoingisthatyouarekindofpushingthesystemharder,”Switherssays.32.WhatcanwelearnfromKatiepage’sstudy?A.Femalesenjoyingdietdrinksconsumemorefood.B.Artificialsweetenershelpmaleswithbetterappetite.C.Dietdrinksincreasehungerresponseofhealthypeople.D.peopleconsumingsucralosehavegreaterbrainrewardactivity.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph3referto?A.Theeffectofsugar. B.Responsetosweetness.C.Artificialsweetener. D.Theabsenceofsweetness.34.WhatcanweinferfromSusanSwithers’wordsinthelastparagraph?A.Moreinsulinreleasehelpssugarlevelrise.B.peopledrinkingdietsodahardlyabsorbsugar.C.Type2diabetesmainlyresultsfromartificialsweeteners.D.Consumingartificialsweetenersmightcausehealthproblems.35.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Thepotentialofartificially-sweeteneddrinks.B.Thewisdomofchoosinghealthysweetdrinks.C.Theunderlyinglinkbetweendietdrinksandhealth.D.Thedifferencesamongartificially-sweeteneddrinks.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是无糖饮品因添加了人工甜味剂而使得摄入的人胃口大增，对身体有害。〖答案〗32.A33.B34.D35.C32．〖解析〗细节理解题。由第二段中“Wefoundfemalesandoverweightpeoplehadgreaterbrainrewardactivityafterconsumingtheartificialsweetener(我们发现，女性和超重者在食用人造甜味剂后，大脑的奖励活动更大)”和“Bothgroupsatemorefoodafterconsumingdrinkswithsucralose,comparedwithafterregularsugar-sweeteneddrinks.Incontrast,thestudyfoundmalesandpeopleofhealthyweightdidnothaveanincreaseineitherbrainrewardactivityorhungerresponse,suggestingthey’renotaffectedinthesameway.(与常规加糖饮料相比，两组人在饮用含有三氯蔗糖的饮料后都吃了更多的食物。相比之下，研究发现，男性和体重健康的人的大脑奖励活动或饥饿反应都没有增加，这表明他们没有受到同样的影响)”可知，女性相比于男性来说，在喝了无糖饮料后更容易吃得更多。故选A项。33．〖解析〗词句猜测题。由第三段中“Theideaisthatartificialsweetenersmayconfusethebodybytrickingitintothinkingsugariscoming.“Youaresupposedtogetsugaraftersomethingtastessweet,”explainsSwithers,“Yourbodyhasbeenusedtothat.”(这种想法是，人造甜味剂可能会诱使身体认为糖即将到来，从而误导身体。Swithers解释道：“你应该在尝到甜的东西后得到糖。你的身体已经习惯了that。”)”可知，人造甜味剂可能会误导身体，让它误以为糖来了，说明人的身体已经习惯尝到了甜的东西后一定会得到糖，这是身体对糖的反应，that指代“对甜味的反应”。故选B项。34．〖解析〗推理判断题。由最后一段中““It’sasmalleffect,butovertimethiscouldcontributetopotentiallysignificantconsequences,”shesays.Ifthisishappeninginsomepeoplewhoconsumedietsoda,itcouldaddtotheriskofType2diabetes(糖尿病),becausewhenbloodsugarrises,thebodyhastoreleasemoreinsulin(胰岛素)toabsorbthesugar.(她说：“这是一个小影响，但随着时间的推移，这可能会产生潜在的重大后果。”如果这种情况发生在一些喝无糖汽水的人身上，可能会增加患2型糖尿病的风险，因为当血糖升高时，身体必须释放更多的胰岛素来吸收糖)”可知，摄入人工甜味剂可能会导致重大的健康问题。故选D项。35．〖解析〗主旨大意题。本文主要讲的是无糖饮品因添加了人工甜味剂而使得摄入的人胃口大增，对身体有害，C项“无糖饮料与健康之间的潜在联系”能概括全文大意。故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。BoostyourMemoryWhentryingtomemorizenewmaterial,it’seasytoassumethatthemoreworkyouputin,thebetteryouwillperform.____36____Justturndownthelights,sitback,andenjoy10-15minutesofquietrest,andyou’llfindthatyourmemoryisfarbetterthanifyouhadattemptedtousethatmomentmoreproductively.Althoughit’sknownthatweshouldpaceourstudies,newresearchsuggeststhatweshouldaimfor“minimaldistraction”duringthesebreaks.____37____Youreallyneedtogiveyourbrainthechanceforacompleterechargewithnodistraction.Thememory-boostingbenefitsofundisturbedrestweredocumentedin1900.Inoneexperiment,theresearcherfirstaskedtheparticipantstolearnalistofsyllables.Followingashortperiod,halfthegroupwasimmediatelygivenasecondlisttolearn,whiletherestweregivenasix-minutebreakbeforecontinuing.____38____Theparticipantsgiventhebreakrememberednearly50percent,comparedtoanaverageof28percentfortheothergroup.Intheearly2000s,twootherresearchersledseveralfollow-upstudies.Inhealthyparticipants,theyhavefoundthatshortperiodsofrestcanalsoimproveourmemoryofplaces.Morecrucially,thisadvantagestaysaweekaftertheoriginallearningtaskanditseemstobenefityoungandoldpeoplealike.____39____Theexactmechanismisstillunknown.Itisnowacceptedthatoncememoriesareinitiallyencoded,theypassthroughaperiodofconsolidation(巩固)thatbondtheminlong-termstorage.____40____Butnowintheageofinformation,itseemsthatourbrainsdoneedashortbreakattimestofunctionbetter.A.Ourmemoryiseasilydistractedbynewinformation.B.Thiswasoncethoughttohappenprimarilyduringsleep.C.Wetendtoavoidactivitiescontradictorytomemorytasks.D.Yetdoingnothingoccasionallymaybeexactlywhatyouneed.E.Sodon’tcheckyouremails,orsurfthewebonyoursmartphone.F.Whentestedonehourlater,bothgroupsshowedstrikinglydifferentpatternsofrecall.G.TheyhavealsofoundsimilarbenefitsforpeopleintheearlierstagesofAlzheimer’sdisease.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了短暂的休息有助于提升记忆力的研究。〖答案〗36.D37.E38.F39.G40.B36．〖解析〗D选项“然而偶尔什么都不做也许正是你所需要的。”与上文“Whentryingtomemorizenewmaterial,it’seasytoassumethatthemoreworkyouputin,thebetteryouwillperform.(当试图记住新材料时，人们很容易认为你投入的工作越多，你就会表现得越好)”形成转折关系，提出有时不需要花过多时间去记忆东西，引出下文“Justturndownthelights,sitback,andenjoy10-15minutesofquietrest,andyou’llfindthatyourmemoryisfarbetterthanifyouhadattemptedtousethatmomentmoreproductively.(只要关灯，坐下来，享受10-15分钟的安静休息，你就会发现你的记忆力比你试图更有效地利用那一刻要好得多)”讲这样做对提升记忆力的好处。故选D项。37．〖解析〗由上文“Althoughit’sknownthatweshouldpaceourstudies,newresearchsuggeststhatweshouldaimfor“minimaldistraction”duringthesebreaks.(尽管众所周知，我们应该加快研究进度，但新的研究表明，我们应该在休息期间“尽量减少分心”)”和下文“Youreallyneedtogiveyourbrainthechanceforacompleterechargewithnodistraction.(你真的需要给你的大脑一个完全充电的机会，不要分心)”可知，本段作者建议不要分心，空白处应谈论具体的减少干扰的方法，E选项“所以不要查看你的电子邮件，也不要在智能手机上上网。”切合语境。故选E项。38．〖解析〗由下文“Theparticip