八年级上期末总结

Unit10可数名词变复数1一般名词词尾加s2以s,ss,ch,h,x结尾的名词，词尾加es3以辅音字符+y结尾的名词，要改y为i，加es4以f或fe结尾的名词，要改f和fe为v,再加es5以o结尾的有生命力的物体，加es特例：child—childrenman—menwoman---womentooth-teethgoose-geesemouse-micePeople通常指人们；peoples通常指民族单复同行：中国人Chinese和日本人Japanese骑着羊sheep和鹿deer去吃水煮鱼fish不可数名词（chocolate/advice）1作句子主语，谓语动词用单数2.有些名词既可数又不可数Orange橘汁—orange橘子3.很多不可数名词表泛指为不可数，表种类为可数Fruit-fruitsfish-fishes可数名词和不可数名词要注意：可数名词有单复数，不可数名词没有单数可数名词表泛指，用a/an修饰，表特指用the修饰；不可数名词不能用a/an修饰可数名词，不可数名词都可用some/any/alotof/lotsof等修饰，many/few/afew修饰可数；much/little/alittle修饰不可数可数名词前可用基数词修饰，不可数名词前用（piece/pair）+of表示数量可数名词做主语，谓语动词单复数要一致对可数名词提问用howmany;对不可数名词提问用howmuch重点短语：Haveproblemswithsth/sb在某事方面有困难Beafraidtodosth害怕做某事Cutsthinhalf把某物切成两半语法：条件句1）主句will+do构成（一般将来时），从句一般现在时(if后面紧跟从句)；即‘主将从现’Ifitdoesn’train,wewillgotothepark.2）主句由should+do构成，从句一般现在时Ifyouareill,youshouldgotoseeadoctor.Unit9at(具体时刻)/on（具体的某一天）/in（上下午）at10:00inthemorningonthemorningofSaturday/November15thnotuntil/not…until直到…才NotuntilyesterdaydidIknowthenews.Ididn’tgotobeduntil12o’clocklastnight.Aslongas只要/和..一样长；sothat为了,以便于Becauseof因为；atleast至少Turnon打开；turnoff关掉；turndown拒绝，调低音量；turnup出现，调高音量not…atall一点也不inall总共，总计allover到处，遍及/allovertheworld全世界拒绝邀请：(作文)Imuststudyforatest/Ihavetodosth/ImighthavetodosthI’mnotavailable/freeI’mafraidnotI’dloveto,but+理由例文(结构：第一段表示感谢，第二段说明理由，第三段表示祝福)DearFrank,Thankyouverymuchforinvitingmetoyourbirthdaypartytomorrow.I’dloveto,butIcan’tOnonehand,Myparentsareonbusinessinothercity,theycan’tcomebackuntiltheendofthismonth.What’sworse,mygrandmotherisill,soIhavetotakecareofherathome.Ontheotherhand,asyouknow,myEnglishispoorbuttheEnglishexamiscoming.IhavetostudyforitsothatIcanmakesomeprogressinit.I’mreallysorrythatIcan’tcome.Ihopeyouwillhaveagreattimewithyourfriends.Moreover,happybirthdaytoyou!Yours,ZhaoKaiUnit8It’stimetodosth做..的时候到了Take带走；bring带来Asmuchaspossible尽可能多Befullof=befilledwith充满了FillAwithB用B把A填满Keytothedoor/answertothequestion做事情的步骤：用序数词来表达：first/second/thirdFirstly/secondly/thirdlyFirst/then/next/finallyAtthebeginning;firstofall;atfirst首先制作东西：例文（第一段说明要制作的东西；第二段写制作步骤；第三段抒发一下）IamFrank,lastSundaymymothermadeadeliciousbeefsandwichforme.Ihaveneverhadanysandwichesbetterthanit.Iwilltellyouhowtodoitsothatyoucanenjoyittoo.Firstofall,youshouldpreparetwoslicesofbread.Ifitismadefresh,itwillbebetter.Then,youneedaspoonofbutterandputitonthebread.Forthemajorpartofthesandwich,oneonionandtomatoisneededforitandyoushouldcutthemintopieces.Next,youcanputthemintoabowlandmixthemwithtwospoonsofrelish.Finally,allyouneedtodoisputtingthem,togetherwithsomelettuceandfourpiecesofbeefbetweenthetwoslicesofbread.Ittastesreallygreat.Justdoitandmakeoneforyourself.Unit6---7Beabletodosth能够做某事Dealwith处理Beinhospital住院Inthehospital在医院里Inatrafficaccident在交通事故中Answerthetelephone接电话Writesthdown把..写下来，记下来Comeupwith提出Takeup拿起，开始从事Sharesthwithsb与某人分享某物Bethesameas与…一样Besimilarto与..相似Expecttodosth期望做某事Atalowprice以较低的价格a/an的用法a用在可数名词单数前面an用在可数名词单数前面，且其后词的首字母音标为元音（a,e,i,o,u）anengineer[endʒɪ'nɪə]an‘’s’’[ɛs]an”f”[ef]anapple['æp(ə)l]auniversity[juːnɪ'vɜːsɪtɪ]a“u”[ju:]abook[bʊk]语法点：一般将来时表达方法Will+doWill+beBegoingtodo/beThereisgoingtobeTherewillbe重点：用一般将来时描述未来变化，结合学过的比较级来描述变化，要求记清比较级。活用一般将来时。Fewer/less/moreGreatchangestakeplace发生巨大的变化描述变化：例文（第一段总写家乡；第二段一边写家乡的现状，一边写未来的变化；第三段展望家乡的未来）Myhometownin20yearsIliveinWuhanandIlikeitverymuch.Itischangingeveryday.Iwonderwhatitwillbe20yearslater.Nowadays,theairpollutioninWuhanistooheavyandsometimesitishardforustobreathe.Theskyisoftengreybecauseofthedustintheair.What’sevenworse,manyriverstherearepollutedandthewaterisdirtyandsmelly.Twentyyearslater,theenvironmentwillbebetterandtheskywillbebluer.Wewillbeabletodrinkcleanerwaterandbreathefresherair.Moreover,therewillbemoreandmorepeopleinWuhanandpeoplewillhavebiggerhousessincemoreandmorehousesarebeingbuilteverydaynow.Withtheimprovementoftheenvironment,peoplewillliveahappierlife.Twentyyearslater,myhometownwillbebetterandIamlookingforwardtoit.Wouldliketodosth喜欢做某事Feellikedoingsth想要做某事Minddoingsth介意做某事Carryoutsth执行某事情Giveaway分发物品，泄露秘密等Giveup放弃Standup站起来Unit5语法点：动词不定式作宾语Helpsbinneed帮助需要帮助的人Helpsbout帮助某人脱离困境Plantodosth计划做某事Happentodosth碰巧做某事Expecttodosth希望做某事Be/getreadytodosth愿意迅速做某事Advisesbtodosth建议某人做某事Agreetodosth同意做某事Beabletodosth能够做某事Choosetodosth选择做某事Decidetodosth决定做某事Makeadecisiontodosth决定做某事Begladtodosth乐意做某事Hopetodosth希望做某事Invitesbtodosth邀请某人做某事Havesthtodowithsth与某事有关Makesuretodosth确定做某事Besuretodosth确定做某事Preparetodosth准备做某事Promisetodosth承诺做某事Makeapromisetodosth承诺做某事Refusetodosth拒绝做某事Makearesolutiontodosth下定决心做某事Can’tstandtodosth不能忍受做某事Waittodosth等待做某事Wanttodosth想要做某事Seemtodosth似乎要做某事Feellikedoingsth想要做某事Lookforwardtodoingsth期待做某事Keepsthtooneself保守秘密Minddoingsth介意做某事Playaroleindoingsth在做某事扮演角色Unit3---4形容词的比较级、最高级构成方法及用法规则变化：单音节词和部分双音节词1.+er,+est.High,tall,short,slow2.以字母e结尾的，+r,+st.fine,late.3.重读闭音节词尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写该辅音字母，再+er,+est.big,thin,fat.4.以辅音+y结尾的，先改y为I,再+er,+est.easy.Funny,earlyB.部分双音节和多音节单词在词前加more或者mostBeautiful，interesting，comfortable不规则变化：Good/wellbetterbestBad/badlyworseworstMany/muchmoremostLittlelessleastFarther（距离远）farthestFarfurther(程度深)furthest第一：比较级用于两者之间A.The-erofthetwo-erthanB.可以用much/alittle/even/alot等来修饰比较级；Muchbetter;alittletallerC.表示两者相同时，用as+adj./adv.+as;表示不如时，用notas….as/notso….as.Asbigas和..一样大Asmuchaspossible尽可能多Assoonaspossible尽可能快D．倍数的表达倍数+thesize/lengthofsthThisstickisthreetimesthelengthofthatone.倍数+as+adj./adv.+asThisstickisthreetimesaslongasthatone.E.Themore…,themore…句型，越….,就越….Theharderyouwork,thebetteryouwillbeatyourstudy.Morehaste,lessspeed.欲速则不达第二:最高级适用于三者或三者以上，一般有个范围The+最高级+inChina/theclass/ofthethree熟记两句话：TheweatherinWuhanishotterthanthatinBeijing.WorkersinWuhanismorethanthoseinBeijing.拓展：---Nomorethan和..一样不;至多，不超过；仅仅，Heisnotallerthanhisbrother.他和她哥哥都不高---Notmorethan不超过；不比..更Heisnottallerthanhisbrother.他不比他哥哥高。---Nolessthan不少于，多达；正如Heisnoshorterthanhisbrother.他和哥哥一样高---notlessthan不小于；至少Heisnotshorterthanhisbrother.他不比哥哥矮。Carefor=takecareof=lookafter照顾Careabout在意Beall/bothdoctors都是医生All/bothofthemaredoctors他们都是医生Dowellin=begoodat在某方面擅长Makeup编造故事等Itisuptosb由某人决定Playarolein在某处扮演角色Takeone’splace代替某人Taketheplaceofsb代替某人Have….incommon在某方面有相似之处Stayup熬夜作文：两个版本比较级：比较朋友间的相同点和不同点最高级：比较商店，学校，电影院Shouldfriendsbedifferentorthesame?I’dliketosharemyopinionswithyou.Iliketohavefriendswhoaredifferentfromme.MybestfriendLilylikestalkingwithothers.Sheismoreoutgoingthanme.Lilylikessportsverymuch.Shelikesplayingbasketballandbadminton.I’mgoodatmathandEnglish.SoIoftengetbettergradesthanher.Thoughwehavemanydifferences,wearegoodfriendsandwecanlearnfromeachother.Whatdopeoplethinkaboutplacesinmycity?Ididasurveylastweek.Herearetheresults.No.2MiddleSchoolisthebestschoolofall,becauseithasthebestteachers.CenterHospitalisthebesthospitalofall.Ithasthemostcomfortablebedsandthebestservice.ThebestmovietheateristheBlueSkyCinema.Ithasthebiggestscreensandtheshortestwaitingtime.Thebe