选修六第一单元语法Art grammar (共28张)

subjunctivemood虚拟语气

—Whatwillyoudoifitrainsatthisweekend?—Iwillstayathomeifitrains....

If引导的真实条件句：表示条件是真的或可能实现的，采用陈述语气。

IfIwereabird,Iwould

flyintothesky.虚拟条件句：表示条件是无法实现的或几乎不可能实现的，采用虚拟语气。

定义：用来表示所说的话______（是，不是）事实，而是一种假设、愿望、建议等。

虚拟语气主要用于if条件状语从句，

也可用宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语以及一些特殊句式里。虚拟语气不是一、SMinif-clauses①IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyhard.②IfIhadalotofmoneynow,Iwouldtravelaroundtheworld.③IfIlivedonthemoonatpresent,Imightseethebeauty—Chang’e.Conclusion：（总结）以上例句谈论的都是与_______事实相反的情况，它的结构是：If+主语+___________，主语+_____________________+v.1.现在were/didwould/could/should/might2.Ifeveryone_______(live)alow-carbonlifenow,theearth___________(be)saved.1.Ifit

(be)finenow,I

(go)shopping.【即学即用】werewouldgolivedwouldbeImagine:Whatwouldyoudoifyouhadonemilliondollars?IfIhadonemilliondollars,Iwould________________.IfI

had

alotofmoney，

I

would

buyacar.④

Ifyouhadattendedthemeetingyesterday,youwouldhavemether.⑤

Ifthedoctorhadcome

lastnight,theboywouldhavebeensaved.Conclusion：（总结）以上例句谈论的都是与______事实相反的情况，它的结构是：If+主语+__________...，主语+_______________…过去haddonewouldhavedone（现在完成）2.(4)

IfI_______(have)timelastnight,I _______________(see)theLoveofthe HawthornTree.wouldhaveseenhadhad【即学即用】(5)Ifhe_________

(drive)morecarefully,

he

________________(nothave)anaccident

yesterday.haddriven

wouldnothavehad

(6)IfI__________(learn)howtoswim,I__________________(notbe)trappedinthisisland.hadlearnt

wouldnothavebeen

⑥IfIhadtime

nextweek,Iwouldhelpyou.⑦IfIshouldhavetimenextweek,Iwould

helpyou.⑧IfIweretohavetimenextweek,Iwouldhelpyou.If…_____________sth,…_____________+V.would/could/might/should动词过去式wereto+动词原形should+动词原形3.Conclusion：（总结）以上例句谈论的都是与______事实相反的情况，将来

(7)Ifit________________________(be) ChristmasDaytomorrow,I_________ (get)somegifts.were

/shouldbe/weretobewouldget

【即学即用】Ifyou_______________________(get)afullmark(满分)nexttime,I___________(treat)youtocandies.

got/weretoget/shouldgetwouldtreat

Mark:

100(8)1.

IfIwereyou,Iwouldassistherwithher English.___________,Iwouldassistherwithher English.2.IfIhadhadanotherchance,Iwouldhaverun faster._______________________,Iwouldhaverun faster.3.Ifheshouldcome,Iwouldcriticizehim._______________,Iwouldcriticizehim.4：if虚拟条件句中的省略与倒装WereIyouHadIhadanotherchanceShouldhecome小结：虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法条件从句If从句谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在(Present)过去(Past)未来(Future)would/could/should/might+V.would/could/should/might+havedone过去完成式(haddone)

过去式(did/were)过去式should+Vwereto+Vwould/could/should/might+V.(原)“IfI____________(drive)carefully,I___________________(notknock)overthekid.IfI___________(stop)andsenthertothehospital,thekid_________________(survive).IfI_______(be)afreemannow,I__________(try)tobearesponsibledriver.IfI__________(give)apieceofadvice,I__________(say)‘bearesponsiblecitizenandreachoutahelpinghandwhennecessary’.”haddrivenwouldnothaveknockedhadstoppedwouldhavesurvivedwerewouldtryweretogivewouldsayTheconfession(忏悔)ofadriverPleasewriteintheformofpoetry

withthetitle“If”,tryingtousethestructuresofSubjunctiveMood.IfIhadsleptwelllastnightIwouldnothavebeenlateforschoolIfIhadnotbeenlateIwouldnothavebeenblamedbyMr....IfIhadnotbeenblamedIwouldbehappiernowIfIwerehappierIwould……Practice

Writeashortpassageaboutyourregretsorwishesusingsubjunctivemood.(80words)1.PanChangjiangisnothandsome.Hewishes__________________________2.Sheisdreamingofmeetingahandsomemanintheraintomorrow.Shewishesit_________tomorrowandshe___________________________________3.The

boyatesomuchthathehadastomachache.Howhewisheshehadn’teatensomuch.hewereashandsomeasHuazai.wouldraincouldmeetahandsomemanintherain.Transforming与现在事实相反与将来事实相反与过去事实相反1.Hewalkedin___________________________(就好像他要买下这个学校似的)(12广东卷语法填空)asifhewouldbuytheschool.3.ShetalksaboutRome___________________(就好象她去过那里)asthoughshehadbeen

thereherself.Completing

2.You

look

as

if

you____________(notbelieve)inhim．(好像并不信任他.)didn’t

believe4.Iwouldrather_________________(你现在就付钱给我)youpaidmenow.(宁愿你当时也去了)5.I_______________________wouldrather

youhadgonethen,too.6.Don’tcome.I__________________wouldratheryou

cametomorrow.(宁愿你明天来)

Itis(high/about)timethatyouyouworkedhard.youshouldworkhard.7.是你们努力的时候了。1.wish

的宾语从句现在:

过去时（were）过去:

过去完成时将来:

would/could/might+v.原型should2.wouldratherthat现在:过去:将来:过去时过去时过去完成时3.asif/though+clause

过去时(were)过去完成时4.It’s(about/high)time+thatwere/didshould(不能省)+v.二.虚拟语气在其它几种从句中的用法would／could／might＋v.原现在:过去:将来:5.It’ssuggestedthattheplan_________________(carry)out.Fillingthefollowingsentencesusingthegivenwords.1.Thekingorderedthattheprisoners_______________(kill)thenextday.2.My

demandisthatshe____________(come)toseemeonceaweek.3.Allofusareforthe

advice

thatthechemicalfactory_________________(close)down.4.Heinsistedthatshe___(be)seriouslyillandthat______(send)tohospitalsatonce.6.Hispalefacesuggestedthathe___(be)ill.(should)

bekilled(should)comewasbesentwas(should)becarried(should)beclosed三.表示要求,命令,建议的虚拟语气常见词:一个坚持,两个命令,三个建议,四个要求。1).insist(v.)

insistence(n.)

2).

order

(v./n.)

command

(v./n.)

3).

advise

(v.)

advice(n.)

suggest

(v.)

suggestion(n.)

propose

(v.)

proposal(n.)

4).

demand(v./n.)request(v./n.)desire(v./n.)require(v.)requirement(n.)以上动词及相应的名词构成的名词性从句（主语、宾语,表语和同位语从句）要使用虚拟语气,即从句中的动词形式为(should)+动词原形注意：suggestsuggestion

做“表明，说明”insistinsistence

做“坚持说，坚决认为”时，that引导的从句的谓语动词用陈述语气单句语法填空

1.

_______

sunlight,people’slife

wouldbe

differentfromtoday.

2.

Butfor

yourhelp,I

____________________(notfinish)thework.

Withoutwouldn’thavefinished6.IfonlyI

_____________(notmiss)

thetrain!5.

Itisstrange

thatshe

_______________(refuse)

tocometotheparty.4.Ifyou

hadasked

himyesterday,you________(know)whattodonow.3.Iwasillthatday._________,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeet.Otherwise(should)refusehadn’tmissedwouldknow含蓄条件句混合条件句四.一些特殊情况下的虚拟语气e.省略if的条件从句从句半倒装a.由介词、介词短语或副词暗示的虚拟结构——含蓄条件句without(没有)withbutfor(要不是)otherwise/or（否则）d.Ifonly引导的感叹句“要是...该多好啊”；动词的时态形式与wish后宾从中时态相同b.混合条件句

主从句的时态各自为政c.It’snecessary/strange/natural/important/pity/nowonder/impossible+that从句,

从句中的动词要用虚拟,即(should)+动词原形1.Hewasverybusyyesterday,otherwisehe

willhavecometoyourparty.2.If

we

couldn’t

have

an

exam

this

afternoon,

I

would

go

shopping

.would___Correctthemistakesinthesentences:______shouldn'tFillintheblanksusingthecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.I’msorry,Idon’thaveacompass.OfcourseI_________(lend)ittoyouifI____(have)one.2.Suemissedthepartylastnight.I’msurethatifshe________(be)there,thebrideandbridegroom______________(feel)happier.3.Lendoesn’tthinkhewilleverwinapoetrycompetition.If,bychance,he____(win),he__________(spend)

theprizemoneyonacomputer.wouldlendhadhadbeenwouldhavefeltwonwouldspendSentencecompletionIfI________(be)givenonemorechancenow,I__________(say)tothegirl,“Iloveyou.”IfI______(have)tosetatimelimittoourlove,it______________(be)10,000years.werewouldsayhadwouldbeHomework1.KeeptherulesaboutSMinmind.2.WriteaparagraphusingSM.3.FinishexercisesconcerningSMonpage5,13,43,51andexercisebook.Thankyou!应用虚拟语气的四种情况1.If引导的条件句2.虚拟语气在几种从句中的用法3.表示要求,命令,建议的虚拟语气4.一些特殊情况下的虚拟语气我希望每一个女都能有受教育的机会。

——马拉拉Iwisheverywomancouldhavethechancetobeeducated.

—Malala

If

God

could

give

me

another

chance,I

would

say

to

the

girl

“Ilove

you”.如果上天能够给我一个再来一次的机会，

我会对那个女孩子说三个字：“我爱你。”

IfwehadgotMr.Hantocoachus,wewouldhavewonthe2014footballmatchinourschool.Ifeverybodyhadcometopracticeeveryweek,wewouldhavebeatenthem.Ifwehadbeenmoreunited（团结）,wewouldhavegottheprize.PassageA

【课后扩展】

用所给动词的适当形式填空1.IfI______(be)you,Iwouldtryitagain.2.Ifit_______(snow)tomorrow,we’llhavetostayathome.3.IfVincenthadscoredthatgoal,we_________________(win)thefootballmatch.