选修八第五单元language points

Unit5

Meetingyourancestors

Primitivewayoflivinginthecavesassume…regardlessof……fireplaces…kept...warm...cooked...scaredawaymighthavehunganimalskins…cavemouth…keepoutMakingclothesbemadeentirelyof…Sharpened…cutup…Scrapers…remove……Rubanampleamountof…;sewtogether…AmessytaskDescribinganecklacePrimitive,wellpreserved,beads…madeofanimalbones…shellsBotanicalanalyses,…shallowlakeReadfordetailsWhatwasonestudent'spuzzle?Howdidthoseseashellsgetheresinceitismilesfromthesea?Means1:___________________________________.Means2:______________________________________________________________________.TherewastradebetweenearlypeopleTheytraveledtotheseasideontheirjourneys.Whyaretheycalledhuntersandgatherers?Theymovedaround,followingtheherdsofanimals.Theypickedfruitswhenitripenedandhuntedanimals.languagepoints1.

identify

vt.

识别;认出；鉴别Inpairs,trytoidentifytheseobjects.两人一组，努力辨认这些物品。（1）identifysb./sth.assb./sth.

认出...是...（2）identifysth.withsth.

认为某事物与另一事物等同Sheidentifiedthemanasherattacker.她认出那个男子就是袭击她的人。Onecan’tidentifyhappinesswithwealth.

幸福与财富不能混为一谈。identification

n.验明，鉴别，身份证明identificationcard身份证identical adj.完全相同的

beidenticalto/with【拓展】2.Canyouthinkofthealternativeswewoulduse...?alternativen.可供选择的事物

adj.供选择的,可替代的，另外的havenoalternativebuttodosth别无选择只好…他别无选择，只好打电话给父母求助。Hehadnoalternativebuttocalluphisparentsforhelp.农民们别无选择，只好跟商人妥协价钱。Thefarmershadnoalternativebuttocompromisewiththebusinessmanontheprice.你有其他的建议吗？Doyouhavealternativesuggestions?Thereisanalternativetothepresentsystem?3.Youmustbeawarethatit'sherethatwefoundevidenceofsomeoftheearliestpeoplewholivedinthispartoftheworld.

走了很长的路,你一定很饿。Youmustbehungryafteralongwalk．

灯亮着,他一定正在做作业。Thelightison.Hemustbedoinghishomeworknow．

Thegroundiswet.Itmusthaverainedlastnight.对现在的情况表示肯定猜测,用“must+do”对现在正发生的事表肯定猜测，用“must+be+doing”对过去发生的事表肯定猜测，用“must+have+done”3.We’vebeenexcavatinghereformanyyears.我们一直在发掘这里，已经很多年了。现在完成进行时由“助动词have(has)+been+doing”构成(1)表示从过去某时开始一直延续到说话时还在进行，或可能还要继续下去的动作。它通常和“for+段时间

”或“since+点时间(也可以是从句)”的时间状语连用。Ihavebeenwaitingforaletterfrommyparents.

我一直在等我父母的来信。Ithasbeenrainingforthreehours.

Wehavebeenstudyingheresince2017.雨已经下了三个小时了。自从2017年以来，我们一直在这里学习。(2)

表示从过去某时开始，一直延续到说话时刻，可能刚刚结束的动作。例如：Wehavebeenwaitingforyoufortwohours.Wedon'twanttowaitanylonger.她一整天都在扫大街。她太累了。Shehasbeensweepingthestreetallday.Sheistootired.我们已经等你两个小时了。我们不想再等了。4.I’msorryto

interruptyoubuthowcouldtheylivehere?很抱歉打扰你,我想问问他们是怎么在这里生活的？

句型“I’msorry...but...”是口语中委婉的表达,“but”表示语义上的转折。抱歉打断你们的谈话，但我有急事要告诉你。I’msorrytointerruptyourconversation,butIhavesomethingurgenttotellyou.打断别人的谈话是不礼貌的。It’simpolite/rudetointerruptother’sconversation.因为战争，这两国的贸易被中断了。Thetradebetweenthetwocountrieswasinterruptedbecauseofwar.5.Sowethinkitisreasonabletoassumetheylivedinthesecaves,regardlessofthecold.Assumevt.假定、认为assumption:n.我假定他是清白的除非你能证明他是有罪的。Iassumethatheisinnocentunlessyoucanprovehimtobeguilty.Itisgenerallyassumedthat…普遍/一般认为…普遍认为太多的压力对身心健康有害处。Itisgenerallyassumedthattoomuchstressisharmfultopeople’sphysicalandmentalhealth.___________/____________/_____________(that)itrains,whatshallwedo?假如下雨的话，我们怎么办？Assuming

SupposeSupposingregardlessof“不管;不顾；不注意”,Thelawrequiresequaltreatmentforall,regardlessofrace,religion,orsex.法律规定人人平等，不分种族、宗教或性别。Peopleshouldbehiredregardlessofraceandsex.

雇用人员应没有种族、性别的差异。Hecontinuedspeaking,regardlessofmyfeelingonthematter.他不顾及我对此事的感受而继续往下说。despite=inspiteof表示让步，是“尽管”的意思Inspiteofgreateffortswefailedtocarryourplansthrough.尽管做了很大努力，我们的计划还是没有顺利实现7.Yes,andsowellpreserved.

preserve

vt.(1)保护；使继续存活；保养；保鲜Thesocietywassetuptopreserveendangeredspeciesfromextinction.Youcanpreservemeatorfishinsalt.

ZhaoYazhiisremarkablywellpreserved.(2)保持；维持Itisoneofthedutiesofthepolicetopreservepeace/publicorder.警察的职责之一是维持和平/公共秩序。(1)[C,usu.Pl.]n.果酱，泡菜

(2)[C]私人渔猎场homemadefruitpreserves.(3)(某人或群体活动、工作等的)专门领域Footballisnolongerthepreserveofmen.

8.

Yes,indeed,asthebotanicalanalyseshaveshownus,allthefieldsaroundhereusedtobepartofalargeshallowlake．确实,正如植物学分析显示给我们的那样,附近所有的土地都曾是大型浅湖的一部分。as引导的非限定从常译作“正如...的那样”。Astheproverbgoes,“Theenemyindisguiseisjustlikethewolfinsheep’sclothing.”

正如谚语所说的那样,伪装的敌人就像是披着羊皮的狼。正如调查所显示，不是所有的活动都受学生欢迎。

Asthesurveyshows,alltheactivitiesarenotpopularwithstudents.Sheusedtosufferfrom_________butnowsheis_______herselftotrytoloseweight.(starve)2.Whileworkingouttheproblem,youshouldpaymoreattentiontothe__________.Youmustmeasurethelength___________inordertogetthe__________number.(accurate)3.Theboyneedsapencil________to_______hispencil,becausethe_________hehasisn’t___________.(sharpen)4.Inthelast___________,theresponsibilityforthisfailuremustliewiththechiefengineer.Let’s_________theproblemandseewhatwentwrong.(analysis)starvationstarvingaccuracyaccuratelyaccuratesharpenersharpensharpenersharpenedanalysisanalyzeHomework:1.Reviewthelanguagepointswelearnedinthisunit.2.Finishexercisesonpage40and《名师》1.你能辨别这些文物吗？Canyouidentifytheculturalobjects?2.在古代他们有没挨饿？Didtheysufferfromstarvationintheancienttime?3.这工作需要敏锐的听觉吗？Dothejobneedacutesenseofhearing?4.你如何面对这样凌乱的局面？Howdidyoufacethemessysituation?5.你有充裕的时间去机场吗？Doyouhaveampletimetogototheairport?6.itseemsthattheyusedthesharpenedstonetoolstocutupanimalsandremovetheirskill.

cutup切碎

cutdown砍倒

cutin插话

1.ThebearstrytheirbesttostopGuangtouqiangfrom_____________thetreesintheforest.2.It’snotpoliteto_______whenwearetalking.3.Chickenissupposedto_________beforeservedinChina.cuttingdown