阅读理解（解析版）-2020-2021学年上学期高一英语期末专项训练

高一上学期期末专项训练3阅读理解

01

Americansarepoundoftheirvariety-andindividuality,yettheyloveandrespectfewthingsmorethana

uniform,whetheritistheuniformofanelevatoroperatorortheuniformofafive-stargeneral.Whyareuniformsso

popularintheUnitedStates?

Amongtheargumentsforuniforms,oneofthefirstisthatintheeyesofmostpeopletheylookmore

professionalthancivilian（百姓的）clothes.Peoplehavebecomeconditionedtoexpectsuperiorqualityfromaman

whowearsauniform.Thetelevisionrepairmanwhowearsuniformtendstoinspiremoretrustthanonewho

appearsincivilianclothes.Faithintheskillofagaragemechanicisincreasedbyauniform.Whateasierwayis

thereforanurse,apoliceman,abarber,orawaitertoloseprofessionalidentity（身份）thantostepoutofuniform?

Uniformsalsohavemanypracticalbenefits.Theysaveonotherclothes.Theysaveonlaundrybills.They

aretax-deductible（可减税的）.Theyareoftenmorecomfortableandmoredurablethancivilianclothes.

Primaryamongtheargumentsagainstuniformsistheirlackofvarietyandtheconsequentlossof

individualityexperiencedbypeoplewhomustwearthem.Thoughtherearemanytypesofuniforms,thewearerof

anyparticulartypeisgenerallystuckwithit,withoutchange,untilretirement.Whenpeoplelookalike,theytendto

think,speak,andactsimilarly,onthejobatleast.

Uniformsalsogiverisetosomepracticalproblems.Thoughtheyarelong-lasting,oftentheirinitialexpense

isgreaterthanthecostofcivilianclothes.Someuniformsarealsoexpensivetomaintain,requiringprofessionaldry

cleaningratherthanthehomelaunderingpossiblewithmanytypesofcivilianclothes.

1.ItissuiprisingthatAmericanswhoworshipvarietyandindividuality.

A.stilljudgeamanbyhisclothes

B.holdtheuniforminsuchhighregard

C.enjoyhavingaprofessionalidentity

D.willrespectanelevatoroperatorasmuchasageneralinuniform

2.Peopleareaccustomedtothinkingthatamaninuniform.

A.suggestsqualityworkB.discardshissocialidentity

C.appearstobemorepracticalD.lookssuperiortoapersonincivilianclothes

3.Thechieffunctionofauniformisto.

A.providepracticalbenefitstothewearerB.makethewearercatchthepubliceye

C.inspirethewearer'sconfidenceinhimselfD.providethewearerwithaprofessionalidentity

4.Accordingtothepassage,peoplewearinguniforms.

A.areusuallyhelpfulB.havelittleornoindividualfreedom

C.tendtolosetheirindividualityD.enjoygreaterpopularity

5.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe.

A.UniformsandSocietyB.TheImportanceofWearingaUniform

C.PracticalBenefitsofWearingaUniformD.AdvantagesandDisadvantagesofUniforms

答案解析：文章第一段提出制服在美国受欢迎的现象，第二段说了一个主要论点一一制服的好处，第三段

说的是实际好处，第四段说的是反对的论点一一制服的缺点，第五段说的是实际问题：

1.答案是B.第一段第，一句yet转折后面就是答案：Hold...inregard和re即ect是同义转换：

2.答案是久答案对应在第二段，People...expectsuperiorquality..认为穿制服的水平更高。D错在混

淆了superior的目标，不是人,而是quality,所以不对:

3.答案是D.在第二段最后，提到制服的主要功能是什么：A是实际的好处，而不是主要功能。

4.答案是C,在第四段。制服的一个主要缺点。

5.答案是C文章的主题是讨论了制服的优缺点。

02

Englishisaveryinterestinglanguage.Ithasborrowedwordsfrommanyotherlanguages.Immigrants（移民）

comingintotheUnitedStateshavecontributedmanywordstothelanguage,whichhavekepttheiroriginal

pronunciation."Coolie"and"kowtow“weretakenfromtheChineselanguage,“kamikazefromtheJapanese,

“shampoo“fromIndia,“blitz“fromGerman,“amigo”and"LosAngeles^^fromSpanishandsoon.

ManystudentshavestudiedEnglishforyears,someasmanyaseight.However,somestudentsstillhave

difficultyinspeakingfluentEnglish.Someknowmanywordsbutareunabletodiscernthemwhennativespeakers

usethem.InourOralEnglishclasseswewillfocusonspeakingandlisteningtonativeEnglishspeakers.Forthis

reason,becausewearetryingtotrainyourearstohearEnglishandyourmouthstospeakintelligible（易理余军的）

English,wewillhavearulethatONLYENGLISHwillbespokeninourEnglishclasses.AnyonespeakingChinese

inclasswillberequiredtopayafineinordertoencouragethespeakingandunderstandingofEnglish.Ifteachers

enteraclassroomanddiscoverthatanyoneisspeakingChinese,theywillrequireeveryoneintheroomtopaythe

fine.Itiseveryone'sjobtoenforcetheEnglish-Onlyrule.Itisforyourbenefit.Itisbecausewewanttoaccustom

（使习惯于）yourearstohearingEnglish.

OthersubjectsmaybelearnedsolelyfrombooksbuttheonlywaytolearnaforeignlanguageistoSPEAKIT!

Studentsareoftennervousaboutspeakinginclassatfirstbutwehopetomaketheclassesfun,soyouwillforget

yournervousnessandlearntospeakout.Enjoyyourclasses.

1.Thefirstparagraphismainlyabout.

A.thedifficultyoflearningEnglish

B.differentwordsindifferentlanguages

C.howinterestingandvariousEnglishis

D.theimmigrants'contributionstoAmerica

2.Theunderlinedword“discern”inPara.2canbereplacedby.

A.noticeB.understandC.hearD.speak

3.Intheauthor'sopinion,theonlywaytolearnalanguagewellisto.

A.listentoitontheradioB.learnitfrombooks

C.playgameswithitD.speakitoften

4.Thearticleisprobablyaimedat.

A.JapanesestudentsB.Germanstudents

C.ChinesestudentsD.Indianstudents

答案解析：

1.【答案】C段落大意题。从第一段的前两句话

uEnglishisaveryinterestinglanguage.Ithasborrowedwordsfrommanyotherlanguages.可知，本文围绕英

语展开，说英语是一门很有趣的语言，它从其他的语言当中引进了很多的词汇。故选C项。

2.【答案】B

【解析】词义猜测题。分析划线词所在句子可知，句意：一些人知道许多的词，但是在当以英语为母语的

人使用这些词的时候他们却不能理解。所以，“discern”的意思应为''仔细识别，明白”。故选B项。

3.【答案】D

【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句话

“OthersubjectsmaybelearnedonlyfrombooksbuttheonlywaytolearnaforeignlanguageistoSPEAKIT!"可

知，在作者看来学习一门外语的唯一办法是经常说它。故选D项。

4.【答案】C

【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段第六句

uAnyonespeakingChineseinclasswillberequiredtopayafineinordertoencouragethespeakingandunderstan

dingofEnglish.”可知，为「鼓励说英语和用英语来理解，任何在课堂上说汉语的人都会被罚款。由此可推

断，文章是写给中国学生的。故选C项。

03

1travelalot,andIfindoutdifferent“styles“ofdirectionseverytimeIask“HowcanIgettothepostoffice?,'

Foreigntouristsareoftenconfused（困惑）inJapanbecausemoststreetstheredon'thavenames;inJapan,people

uselandmarks（地标）intheirdirectionsinsteadofstreetnames.Forexample,theJapanesewillsaytotravelers,44Go

straightdowntothecorner.Turnleftatthebighotelandgopastafruitmarket.Thepostofficeisacrossfromthe

busstop.”

InthecountrysideoftheAmericanMidwest,therearenotusuallymanylandmarks.Therearenomountains,

sothelandisveryfiat;inmanyplacestherearenotownsorbuildingswithinmiles.Insteadoflandmarks,people

willtellyoudirectionsanddistances.InKansasorIowa,fbrexample,peoplewillsay,“Gonorthtwomiles.Tum

east,andthengoanothermile.”

PeopleinLosAngeles,California,havenoideaofdistanceonthemap;theymeasuredistanceintime,not

miles."Howfarawayisthepostoffice?”youask.t4Oh,,,theyanswer,"it'saboutfiveminutesfromhere.^^Yousay,

“Yes,buthowmanymilesawayisit?”Theydon'tknow.

It'struethatapersondoesn'tknowtheanswertoyourquestionsometimes.Whathappensinsuchasituation?

ANewYorkermightsay,"Sorry,Ihavenoidea."ButinYucatan,Mexico,nooneanswers"Idon'tknow.^^People

inYucatanbelievethatdon'tknow“isimpolite.Theyusuallygiveananswer,oftenawrongone.Atouristcan

getvery,verylostinYucatan!

l.WhenatouristaskstheJapanesethewaytoacertainplace,theyusually.

A.describetheplacecarefullyB.showhimamapoftheplace

C.tellhimthenamesofthestreetsD.refertorecognizablebuildingsandplaces

2.Whatistheplacewherepeoplemeasuredistanceintime?

A.NewYork..B.LosAngeles.C.Kansas.D.Iowa.

3.PeopleinYucatanmaygiveatouristawronganswer.

A.inordertosavetimeB.becauseofhonesty

C.soastobepoliteD.fbrfun

4.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?

A.It'simportantfortravelerstounderstandculturaldifferences.

B.It'susefulfbrtravelerstoknowhowtoaskthewayproperly.

C.Peoplehavesimilarunderstandingsofpoliteness.

D.NewYorkersaregenerallyfriendlytovisitors.

答案解析：

1.【答案】D

【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第一、二句

“ForeigntouristsareoftenconfusedinJapanbecausemoststreetstheredon'thavenames.InJapan,

peopleuselandmarksintheirdirectionsinsteadofstreetnames.,'nJ,在日本，很多街道没有名字，人们用地

标来指明方向。故选D项。

2.【答案】B

【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段第一、二句

“PeopleinLosAngeles,California,havenoideaofdistanceonthemap.Theymeasuredistanceintime,notmiles,^^

可知，在洛杉矶，人们对地图上的距离远近没有什么概念，他们使用时间而不是英里数来衡量距离。故选B

项。

3.【答案】C

【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的

“ButinYucatan,Mexico,nooneanswers'Idon'tknow,.PeopleinYucatanbelievethat'Idon'tknow'isimpolite.T

heyusuallygiveananswer,oftenawrongone.”可知，尤卡坦半岛的人会给出错误的回答是因为他们认为说“我

不知道”是不礼貌的。故选C项。

4.【答案】A

【解析】推理判断题。文章介绍了不同国家的人在指路方面的不同方式和习惯，据此我们可以推断出：旅

行者了解不同国家的文化是非常重要的。故选A项

04

In2006,alargenumberofnewInternetsitesbecamepopulararoundtheworld.Someofthesearefor

communication,othersfbrentertainment.

Theblogisoneformofcommunicationthatincreasednpopularity.Throughthesepersonalwebsites,people

cansharetheirlives,ideasandopinionsontheInternet.Peopleofallageshavetheirownblogs.Foryoungpeople,

theyareawaytoshowtheirwritingandotherformsofself-expression.Blogsalsoconnectpeoplewithother

peoplewhohavethesameinterests.Forexample,teachersuseblogstoshareideaswithotherteachers',aswellas

experiencesandconcernsabouttheirwork.

YouTubeisanotherInternetsitethatbecamemorepopularlastyear.Thiswebsiteletsanyonecreate,shareand

watchshortvideos.Theseincludevideosofpeoplesingingordancing,oranimalsdoingfunnythings.Threeyoung

mencreatedYouTubealmosttwoyearsagoasapersonalvideosharingservice.TheyrecentlysoldittoGooglefor

morethanoneandahalfbilliondollars.

GamesandentertainmentalsobecamealargerpartoftheInternetlastyear.OneInternetsocialsiteiscalled

SecondLife.Itisanonlineworldinwhichcomputeruserscreateanewselfandliveadifferentlife.Theyget

married,buildhomes,operatebusinesses,buyandsellgoods,work,playandattendschool.

PeoplealsotakepartinfantasysportsleagueswiththehelpoftheInternet.Afantasysportisagameinwhich

eachmemberofagroupactsastheownerofateam.Eachownercreatesateamofreal-lifeprofessionalplayersto

competeagainstotherteamsintheleague.MorethanfifteenmillionAmericanadultsplayfantasysports.The

industryearnsmorethanonebilliondollarseachyearfrompublications,membershipsandothercosts.

1.Thepassageismainlyabout.

A.themostpopularInternettechnologyin2006

B.somenewwaysfbrpeopletocommunicateorhavefunontheInternet

C.oneonlinegamecalledSecondLife

D.thehighpriceofplayingonline

2.WhoistheownerofYouTubenow?

A.Threeyoungmen.B.Google.C.Computerusers.D.Yahoo.

3.WhomdoestheunderlinedwordntheyninParagraph4referto?

A.Thepeoplewhoareinterestedinblogs.

B.ThepeoplewhoplaygamesonYouTube.

C.ThepeoplewhoplaySecondLife.

D.ThepeoplewhoarecreatedinSecondLife.

4.Whatdoweknowfromthepassage?

A.Teacherscanshareideas,experiencesandconcernsabouttheirworkwithotherteachersonanywebsite.

B.MorethanfifteenmillionAmericanteenagersplayfantasysports.

C.SecondLifehelpspeoplegetmarried,buyandsellgoods,work,playandattendschoolinreallife.

D.Fantasysports,agameinwhicheachmemberofagroupactsastheownerofateam,isverypopular

aroundtheworld.

答案解析：本文介绍了网络上一些时兴的交流和娱乐的网站.

1.BE旨题：根据第一段的句子：In2006,alargenumberofnewInternetsitesbecamepopulararoundthe

world.Someoftheseareforcommunication,othersforentertainment（娱乐）.可知这篇文章是关于人们在网

上的一些新的娱乐和交流方式，所以选B.

2.B细节题：根据第三段的句子：TheyrecentlysoldittoGoogleformorethanoneandahalfbilliondollars.可

知现在的优酷的主人是谷歌，所以选B.

3.D猜词题：根据第四段的句子：OneIntemetsocialsiteiscalledSecondLife.Itisanonlineworldinwhich

computeruserscreateanewselfandliveadifferentlife.可知they指的是SecondLife创造出来的人，所以选

D.

4.D细节题：根据文章最后一段的句子：MorethanfifteenmillionAmericanadultsplayfantasyspoils.The

industryearnsmorethanonebillion（十亿）dollarseachyearfrompublications,membershipsandothercosts.可

知每个队员都可以做球队的主人的Fantasysports在全世界很受欢迎，所以选D

05

TheUSpresidentDonaldTrumphaspopularizedthephrase“fakenews”.Butnottoolongagothesewordsin

combinationwouldhavemeantlittletoeverydayEnglishspeakers.

AnatolyLiberman,aGennan,writesabouttheoriginsoftheword"fake”.Theword,itturnsout,hasavery

darkpast.Thebestguessathow“fhke"becamethemainstream,arguesLiberman,isthatitwasakindusedby

thievesintheLondonunderworld.But“howitgotthere,nobodyintheworldknows,andprobablynobodywill

everknow,“hetellsQuartz.

LibermanisaprofessorattheUniversityofMinnesotaandtheauthorofWordOriginsandHowWeKnow

Them.Hewritesthatearlyrecordsof"fhke"asanEnglishadjectiveappearedaroundthemiddleofthe18thcentury.

Thewordlikelycomesfromcant,orthiefjargon（行话）.

TheOEDmentions"fhke"asaverbstartingin1819,whichbasicallymeant"todo,5injargon,butalso“tokill,

wound,orrob”.Anentryfromadictionarythatyearreads:

“Tofakeanypersonorplace,torobthem;tofakeapersonmayalsoimplytoshoot,wound,orcut;tofakea

manoutandout,istokillhim.”

LibermantracesthewordnexttoCharlesDickens,whoused"cly-自ker",where"cly"meanspocket,inOliver

Twist.Thisishowhebelievestheknowledgeof“fake"asawordthatmeanstosteal,spread.Eventuallyitbecame

acommonplaceEnglishword.

l.Theunderlinedword"fhke"inParagraph1probablymeans.

A.lyingB.trueC.commonD.interesting

2.WhatcanwelearnaboutAnatolyLiberman?

A.Heisskilledinsomeforeignlanguages.

B.HeisinterestedinalltheEnglishwords.

C.HelivedinEnglandforalongtime.

D.HelikeswritingarticlesinEnglishverymuch.

3.Whatismainlydiscussedinthispassage?

A.ThehistoryofEnglishwords.

B.SomestoriesaboutEnglishwords.

C.TheimportanceoftheEnglishword"fake”.

D.TheoriginsofanEnglishword.

4.Whatcanweinferfromthispassage?

A.WemustfocusonthewordsofDonaldTrump.

B.WeshouldstudyEnglishwordsverycarefully.

C."Fake"likelycomesfromwordsusedbyaclassofpeople.

D.AnatolyLibermanlikestotracethecommonplaceEnglishwords.

答案

［语篇解读］美国总统特朗普使得“假新闻”这个词成为流行词。文章探讨了“fake”这个词的起源。它曾是伦

敦底层社会里小偷之间的行话，意为“做”“杀死”“偷”等。

1.A词义猜测题。美国总统特朗普使得“假新闻”一词成为流行词。由此可知,fake的意思应为“假的”，故选A

项。

2.A推理判断题。由第三段中的“LibermanisaprofessorattheUniversityofMinnesotaandtheauthorofWord

OriginsandHowWeKnowThem.”可知,Liberman是明尼苏达大学的教授，也是WordOriginsandHowWe

KnowThem一书的作者。且在文中他探索」’fake一词的起源。由此可以推知，他非常擅长外语。故选A项。

3.D主旨大意题。由文章第二段中的"AnatolyLiberman,aGerman,writesabouttheoriginsoftheword，fhke'.”

和下文的具体介绍可知，文章探讨了“信ke”这个词的起源，也就是探索一个英语单词的起源，故选D项。

4.C推理判断题。由第二段中的"Thebestguessathow'fake5becamethemainstream,arguesLiberman,isthatit

wasakindusedbythievesintheLondonunderworld.”可知,Liberman提出，关于“fake”一词如何成为主流词，最

可靠的猜测应该是，它曾是伦敦底层社会里小偷之间的行话，也就是社会某一阶层的人使用的语言，故选C项。

06

GoodMorningBritain'sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheiscooking

upastorminherlatestrole—showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.

InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbutt

offerstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder£5perfamilyaday.AndtheGood

MorningBritainpresentersaysshe'sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe'slearntintopracticeinherownhome,

preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,!1.

“WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant,^she

explains.441pay£5foraportion（一份），butMattmakesthemfor26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,

sugarandoil.Everybodycanbuytakeawayfood,butsometimeswe'renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethis

foodourselves.

Theeight-partseries（系列节目），SaveMoney:GoodFood,followsinthefootstepsofITV'sSaveMoney:

GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.

Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouseholdexpense,SusannaandMattspendtimewithadifferentfamilyeach

week.IntonighfsEasterspecialtheycometotheaidofafamilyinneedofsomedeliciousinspirationonabudget.

Theteamtransformsthefamily'slongweekendofcelebrationwithlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.

1.WhatdoweknowaboutSusannaReid?

A.Sheenjoysembarrassingherguests.

B.Shehasstartedanewprogramme.

C.Shedislikesworkingearlyinthemorning.

D.Shehashadatightbudgetforherfamily.

2.HowdoesMattTebbutthelpSusanna?

A.Hebuyscookingmaterialsforher.

B.Hepreparesfoodforherkids.

C.Heassistsherincookingmatters.

D.Heinvitesguestfamiliesforher.

3.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph4?

A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.

B.Providesomeadviceforthereaders.

C.Addsomebackgroundinformation.

0.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.

4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.KeepingFitbyEatingSmart

B.BalancingOurDailyDiet

C.MakingYourselfaPerfectChef

D.CookingWellforLess

答案

［语篇解读］本文介绍了英国节目主持人SusannaReid创办的一•档新节目SaveMoney:GoodFood的相关情

况。

1.B细节理解题。根据第一段的butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole可知，她创办「一档新节目，故选

B项。

2.C推理判断题。根据第二段第一句话（在节目SaveMoney:GoodFood中,她每周拜访一个不同的家庭，并且

在厨师MattTebbutt的帮助下在准备每个家庭每天低于5英镑的食谱时提供如何减少食物浪费的很好的建议）

可知,MattTebbutt在做饭方面帮助了Susanna,故选C项。

3.C推理判断题。文章前三段主要介绍「新节目SaveMoney:GoodFood的相关情况,而第四段介绍了它和

节目SaveMoney:GoodHealth的关系。由此推断本段主要补充这一节目的背景知识，故选C项。

4.D主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了英国节目主持人SusannaReid通过创办新节目Save

Money:GoodFood教给观众如何花更少的钱制作更美味的食物。故选D项。

07

You'reouttodinner.Thefoodisdeliciousandtheserviceisfine.Youdecidetoleaveabigfattip.Why?The

answermaynotbeassimpleasyouthink.

Tipping,psychologistshavefound,isnotjustaboutservice.Instead,studieshaveshownthattippingcanbe

affectedbypsychologicalreactionstoaseriesofdifferentfactorsfromthewaiter'schoiceofwords,tohowthey

carrythemselveswhiletakingorders,tothetotalbill.Evenhowmuchwaitersremindcustomersofthemselvescan

determinehowmuchchangetheypocketbytheendofthenight.

"Studiesbeforehaveshownthatmimicry（模仿）bringsintopositivefeelingsforthemimicker,,,wroteRick

vanBaaren,asocialpsychologyprofessor.t6Thesestudiesshowthatpeoplewhoarebeingmimickedbecomemore

generoustowardthepersonwhomimicsthem.^^

SoRickvanBaarendivided59waitersintotwogroups.Herequestedthathalfservewithaphrasesuchas

“Comingup!”Thoseintheotherhallwereinstructedtorepeattheordersandpreferencesbacktothecustomers.

RickvanBaarenthencomparedtheirtake-homepay.Theresultswereclear—itpaystomimicyourcustomer.The

copycat（模仿者）waitersearnedalmostdoubletheamountoftipstotheothergroup.

LeonardGreenandJoelMyerson,psychologistsatWashingtonUniversityinSt.Louis,foundthegenerosity

ofatippermaybelimitedbyhisbill.Afterresearchonthe1,000tipsleftforwaiters,cab-drivers,andhairstylists,

theyfoundtippercentagesinthesethreeareasdroppedascustomers'billswentup.Infact,tippercentagesappear

toaplateau（稳定期）whenbillstopped$100andabillfor$200madetheworkergainnobiggerpercentagetipthan

abillfor$100.

“That'salsoapointoftipping,"Greensays."Youhavetogivealittleextratothecab-driverforbeingthereto

pickyouupandsomethingtothewaiterforbeingtheretoserveyou.Iftheyweren'tthere,you'dnevergetany

service.Sopartoftheideaofatipisforjustbeingthere.^^

l.Howmanyfactorsaffectthecustomers,tipping?

A.6.B.5.C.4.D.3.

2.Whatdothestudiesshow?

A.Mimicrybringsintoverybadfeelingsforthemimicker.

B.Thewaiterwhomimicspeopleusuallygetsfewertipsthattheygive.

C.Themimicwaiterscangetmoremoneythanthosewhodon'tmimicothers.

D.Tippingcanbeaffectedbyphysicalreactionstomanydifferentwaiters.

3.Whatistheopinionoftheauthoraccordingtothepassage?

A.Hegiveshisgeneroustiptowaitersveryoften.

B.HeagreeswithMr.GreenandRickvanBaarenabouttipping.

C.HeobjectstoMr.Green'sideaabouttipping.

D.HethinkspartofMr.Green'sexplanationisreasonable.

4.Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?

A.HowMuchtoTip

B.WhatAreTips

C.WheretoLeaveaBigFatTip

D.TippingIsVeryImportant

答案

［语篇解读］文章分析了影响服务生所得小费的多少的因素。

LB细节理解题。根据第二段中的Tipping,psychologistshavefound,isnotjustaboutservice.Instead,studies

haveshownthat...bytheendofthenight.可知,不仅仅是服务(notjustaboutservice),服务生对用词的选择(the

waiter'schoiceofwords）服务生在顾客用餐时的举动（howtheycarrythemselveswhiletakingorders）＞账单的

总额（thetotalbill）以及服务生对顾客的提醒（howmuchwaitersremindcustomersofthemselves）这五个方面影

响了获得小费的多少，故选B项。

2.C细节理解题。由第四段中的“Theresultswereclear—itpaystomimicyourcustomer.Thecopycat（模仿者）

waitersearnedalmostdoubletheamountoftipstotheothergroup.’'可知，研究结果很明显，模仿顾客的服务生所

得小费是其他服务生（即不模仿顾客的服务生）的两倍。故选C项。

3.B推理判断题。第二段作者提出，很多因素影响了服务生所得小费的多少。下文作者列举Mr.Green和Rick

vanBaaren的例子就是为了证明自己的观点。由此可以推知，作者是支持这两个人的观点的。故选B项。

4.A主旨大意题。第二段提出:很多因素影响了服务生所得小费的多少。从第三段开始，作者用Rickvan

Baaren,LeonardGreen和JoelMyerson的研究证明了笫二段提出的观点。由此可知本文的主题是“该给多少

小贽”,故选A项。

08

Nowpeopleareveryconcernedaboutthefoodproblem.SteveWilsonprefersorganicfruit,deliveredrightto

thedoorstep.Heiswillingtopayforit.Ifthisisnotpossible,the30-year-oldcomputertechnicianwillspendthe

extramoneyatthesupermarkettobuyorganicfood.

"Organicproductisalwaysbetter,Wilsonsaid."Thefoodisfreeofpesticides（农药），andyouaregenerally

supportingfamilyfarmsinsteadoflargefarms.Andmoreoftenthannotitislocallygrownandseasonal,soitis

moretasty”Wilsonisoneofthegrowingnumberofshoppersbuyingintotheorganictrend,andsupermarkets

acrossBritainarecountingonmorelikehimastheygrowtheirorganicfoodbusiness.Buthowmanyshoppers

reallyknowwhattheyaregetting,andwhyaretheywillingtopayahigherpricefororganicproducts?Market

researchshowsthatWilsonandotherswhobuyorganicfoodcangenerallygiveclearreasonsfortheir

preferences-buttheirknowledgeoforganicfoodisfarfromcomplete.Forexample,smallamountsofpesticides

canbeusedonorganicproducts.AndaboutthreequartersoforganicfoodinBritainisnotlocalbutimported（进口）

tomeetthegrowingdemand."Thedemandfororganicfoodisincreasingbyaboutonethirdeveryyear,soitisa

veryfast-growingmarket,saidSueFlock,aspecialistinthislineofbusiness.

1.WhydoesSteveWilsonpreferorganicfruit?

A.Becauseitisdeliveredrighttothedoorstep.

B.Becausemoreandmorepeoplebuyorganicfruit.

C.Becausehelikeshome-grownFruitverymuch.

D.Becauseheconsidersthefruitfreeofpollution.

2.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“theorganictrend,,inParagraph2mean?

A.Gettingthefoodanywhere.

B.Growingthefoodathome.

C.Betterqualityoforganicfood.

D.Growinginterestinorganicfood.

3.WhydoesSueFlocksayitisaveryfast-growingmarket?

A.Becauseofarapidincreaseinthedemandforit.

B.Becauseitisproducedonlargefarms.

C.Becauseitcan'tbeproducedonfamilyfarms.

D.Becauseofitsproperprices.

答案

［语篇解读］这是一篇社会生活类文章。越来越多的人选择有机食物，因为他们认为有机食物无污染、更美味,

从而引发了一场有机食品潮。

1.D细节理解题。由第二段中的“Thefoodisfreeofpesticides（农药）”可知,SteveWilson认为有机食品没有农

药，即没有污染，故选D项。

2.D词义猜测题。由第一段中的“SteveWilsonprefersorganicfruit,deliveredrighttothedoorstep.”和第二段中

的"Wilsonisoneofthegrowingnumberofshoppersbuyingintotheorganictrend”可知,theorganictrend指的是

人们对有机食物越来越感兴趣,吃有机食物的人越来越多。故选D项。

3.A细节理解题°由最后一段中的“Thedemandfor