高三中译英讲座

高三阶段“中译英〞技能提升指导洋泾中学于冬梅2011年高考中译英失分点1.你为什么不在网上订票?(Why)正解：Whynot/Whydon’tyoubookticketsonline?错解：Whyyoudon’t…Whynottobook…2.我常把王海误认为他的双胞胎弟弟，因为他们长得太像了。(mistake)正解：IoftenmistakeWangHaiforhistwinbrotherbecausetheylooksosimilar.错解：mistake…with…twins’brother/twin’sbrother3.对父母而言，没有什么能与孩子的身心健康相比。(compare)正解：Asforparents,nothingcanbecomparedwiththeirchildren’sphysicalandmentalhealth.错解：asthespeakingofparents4.自从出国留学后，她就不再和我们保持联系了。(Nolonger)正解：Nolongerhasshekeptintouchwithussinceshewentabroadforfurthereducation.错解：kept…,hasgoneabroad不知道如何倒装5.如果能找到任何适合你的学习方法，你的学习效率就可能明显提高。(whatever)正解：Ifyoucanfindwhateverlearningmethod(that)suitsyou,yourlearningefficiencyislikelytoimproveremarkably.错解：studyway,suitedtoyou考什么？怎么考？怎么考？熟练掌握常用句型对于常用搭配进行归类整理积累词汇重差异遵循简单可行的翻译四步骤考什么？考句型考搭配考词汇考差异考句型我们的祖国从来没有像今天这样那个强大。(Never)〔2001〕这小孩太淘气，使得他那忙于工作的父母常常心烦意乱。(So…)〔2006〕自从出国留学后，她就不再和我们保持联系了。(Nolonger)(2011)Neverbeforehasourmotherlandbeenaspowerful…Sonaughtyisthechildthat…Nolongerhasshekeptintouchwithus…

据说在那个湖底发现了一个古城遗址。(discover)〔2001〕据报道，这种野生植物含有丰富的维生素。(It…)(2007春)Itissaidthat…Itisreportedthat…就我所知，在那座小城市里购物很方便。〔asfaras〕(2001春)那些未曾去过那个小村庄的人很难描绘出它的美丽。〔It〕〔2003〕躺在草地上听音乐真是惬意。(It…)〔2006春〕…itisconvenienttodoshoppingin…Itisdifficultforthosewho…todescribe…Itispleasant/feelsgoodtolie…andlistento…我们打篮球的时间到了。(time)(2008)我从没有想到汤姆会被选为学生会主席。(occur)〔2002〕It’stimeforustoplaybasketball.Itneveroccurredtomethat…我觉得很难解出这道数学题。(work

out)〔2003春〕我发现很难与那些一贯固执己见的人合作。(…it…)(2004)Ifeelithardtoworkout…Ifindithardtocooperatewiththosewho…过了好多年他才知道谁在他困难时帮助了他。(before)演出还没有结束,孩子们就睡着了。(before)〔2008春〕我们将作进一步的讨论，然后再作出最终的结论。(before)〔2001〕过了三天她才想起把雨衣忘在语言实验室了。〔remember〕(2009春)Ithadbeenyearsbeforeheknew……beforetheperformanceended/wasover.…before

we

draw

the

final

conclusionIthadbeenthreedaysbeforeshe…/Itwasthreedayslaterthatshe…毫无疑问，旅行使人开阔眼界，增长知识。(doubt)(2009春)阅读时，你不必碰到生词就查字典。〔therebe〕(2003春)Thereisnodoubtthat…Thereisnoneedtorefertothedictionary…你为什么不在网上订票?(Why)

(2011)如果能找到任何适合你的学习方法，你的学习效率就可能明显提高。(whatever)(2011)Whynotbook…?Ifyoucanfindwhateverlearningmethodsuitsyou,…熟练掌握常用句型

It……Itis+adj.+〔forsb.〕+todosth./that从句…find/feel/consider/think…it…+adj.todo…/that从句Itisnouse/nogooddoing…ItistimeforsbtodosthItoccurredtosb.that…某人突然想到…Itneveroccurredtosb.that…某人从没有想到…

Itwas…before…过了…,发生了…Itwillbe…before…过了…,将要发生…Itwasnotlongbefore…不久,发生了…Itwon’tbelongbefore…不久,将要发生…Itis/hasbeen…since…自从…到现在多久了…Itis+被强调局部+that(被强调的是人时也可用who)…(Itis)nowonderthat……缺乏为奇

It(so)happenedthat…

Itseems(tosb.)that...

Itappearsthat…sb/sth.happen/seem/appeartodo

Itislikelythat…sb.belikelytodo

众所周知〔大家知道〕Itiswell-knownthat…/Itisknowntoallthat…Whatisknowntoallisthat…/Asisknowntoall,…sb/sthbeknowntobe/tohavedone据说/据报道/据通知…Itissaid/reported/announcedthat…sb/sthbesaid/reported/announcedtodo人们普遍〔一般、通常〕认为…Itisgenerallyaccepted(agreed)that…Sthisgenerallyacceptedtodo(accept的此种用法只用于被动语态)人们相信〔认为〕…Itisbelievedthat…Sthisgenerallybelievedtobe/tohavedoneThereisnodoubtthat…Thereisnoneedtodo…Thereisnopointindoing…/Ican’tseeanypointindoing…themore…themore…as…asas及which引导的非限制定语从句not…untilbefore…Whynotdo…You’dbetterdo…/Youmightaswelldo…Whatever/whoever/however/…引导的名词性从句，或状语从句Nomatterwhat/who/how…引导的状语从句aslongas…考搭配1.

越来越多的人意识到遵守交通规那么的重要性。(be

aware)

(2000春)More

and

more

people

are

aware

of

the

importance

of

observing

traffic

regulations.

2.我对学生所谈的电子产品一无所知,我发现自己落伍了。(ignorant)〔2008〕

Beingignorantoftheelectronicproductsthestudentsaretalkingabout,Ifindmyselfleftbehind.3.导演得知自己的影片获奖,感到无比自豪。(award)〔2008春〕

Learningthathewasawarded/wonanawardforhisfilm,thedirectorfeltveryproudofhimself.历年高考中译英题型中出现的搭配举例：mistake…for…becomparedwith…keepintouchwith…turntheTVdownatfirstsightdrawtheconclusioninmemoryofloseheartremindsbof…addtokeepto/sticktotheirpostsdepend

onbe

in

good

conditionpay

attention

to

be

considerate

ofbe

busy

withdo

good

tohave

an

appointment

withbepopular

with对于常用搭配进行归类整理be+a.+ofbeafraidof/befrightenedof害怕…beashamedof因…而羞愧beaware/consciousof意识到becapableof能够…becarefulof留神…becertain/sureof对…有把握beclearof无…beconfidentof对…有信心beconsiderate/thoughtfulof为…着想的beemptyof空无…befondof喜欢befreeof无…befullof充满…beignorantof对…一无所知beindependentof独立于…beguiltyof有…罪的beinnocentof无…罪的bejealousof嫉妒…beproudof对…自豪berepresentativeof是…的代表besensibleof能觉察…的beshortof缺…besymbolicof是…的象征betired/sickof对…厌烦betrueof对于…来说也是真实的sthbetypical/characteristicofsb/sp是…的特点Vt.+O+of

accusesbof…informsbof…remindsbof…warnsbof……考词汇身心健康学习方法学习效率明显提高比平时拉上窗帘没有什么特别之处调查结论(n)勇敢的消防战士出事地点实施援救自己的特长电子产品暂时的困难physicalandmentalhealthlearningmethodlearningefficiencyimproveremarkablythanusualdrawthecurtainsnothingspecial(about)theconclusionoftheinvestigationbravefirefightersthesceneoftheaccidentfortherescue/tocarryouttherescueone’sownstrongpointselectronicproductsthetemporarydifficulty积累词汇词汇手册泛读+精读，充分利用手头上必做的模拟习题集考差异1.语态的差异2.主语的差异3.否认的差异4.连词的差异5.词性的差异6.句序的差异7.日常表达习惯的差异…………P1语态的差异应鼓励年轻人按照自己的特长选择职业。(encourage)(2008)Youngpeopleshouldbeencouragedtochoosetheircareersaccordingtotheirownstrongpoints/strengths.为了学好英语，学生应接触真实的语言环境。(expose)TolearnEnglishwell,studentsshould

beexposedtoreallanguageenvironments.[expose使……暴露于被暴露在……里beexposedto]“接触〞语态的差异他昨天淋雨了。(catch)他今天穿了件黑色的衣服。〔dress〕他坐在教室的后排，所以看不清黑板上的字。〔seat〕他沉浸在小说里，没听清他妈妈对他说的话。〔lose〕/〔absorb〕主语的差异你可以在因特网上找到这种信息。〔available〕(2003春)ThiskindofinformationisavailabletoyouontheInternet.按照法律，不满18岁的人不得进入网吧.(inaccessible)Accordingtothelaw,Internetcafesareinaccessibletoanyoneundertheageof18.主语的差异你今晚能来参加我的生日聚会?(possible)(2008)

Is

itpossibleforyoutoattendmybirthdaypartythisevening?上海在最近十年发生了巨大的变化。(takeplace)GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinShanghaiinthepasttenyears.在演出结束前否认的差异〔2011春〕5.经历了屡次严重自然灾害后，人们才逐渐意识到植树造林的重要性。(until)Peopledidn’tcometorealizetheimportanceofplantingtreesuntilthey(had)experienced

a

numberofseriousnaturaldisasters.演出还没有结束，孩子们就睡着了。(before)Thechildrenhadfallenasleepbeforetheperformanceended.否认的差异我认为你找到男生宿舍不会有困难的。(difficulty)I

don’tthinkthatyou’llhaveanydifficultyfindingtheboys’dormitory.连词的差异今天下午我没空，我和牙医有约。(appointment)IamnotfreethisafternoonbecauseIhaveanappointmentwithmydentist.

虽然并不富裕，但是他对自己的生活相当满意。(Although…)Althoughheisnotrich,heisquitesatisfiedwithhislife.词性的差异〔2009〕3.只喝一杯咖啡就会使我整晚睡不着。〔keep〕Drinkingonlyacupofcoffeewillkeepmeawakeallnight.他未能及时上交作业，这使得老师很生气。(failure)Hisfailuretohandinhisexercisebookintimemadetheteacherveryangry.委员们对于……意见不一句序的差异是否在黄浦江上再建一座大桥，委员们意见不一。(agree)Thecommitteecannotagree

on

whethertobuildanotherbridgeovertheHuangpuRiver.日常表达习惯的差异日常表达习惯的差异标牌上写道：“小心碰头〞。Thesignsays/reads“Watch/MindYourHead〞.标牌上写道：“禁止吸烟〞/“不要乱扔垃圾〞/“小心落水〞“小心滑倒〞。……“NoSmoking〞/“NoLittering〞“Danger:Deepwater.〞“Caution:SlipperyRoad〞/“Caution:WetFloor〞/“Mind/WatchYourStep〞应该鼓励学生把课堂上所学的知识运用到实践中去。〔apply〕(2002)报纸电视网络使人们了解世界上发生的一切。〔keep,inform〕她认为她儿子设计不出一台数码相机。(believe)除非被邀请发言，否那么在会上你应该保持沉默。(unless)practice1Studentsshouldbeencouragedtoapplywhattheyhavelearnedinclasstopractice.Newspapers,televisionandtheInternet

keeppeopleinformedof

whatishappeningintheworld.She

doesn’tbelieve

thathersonisabletodesignadigitalcamera.Unless(youare)invitedtospeak,youshouldkeep/remainsilentatthemeeting.这一想法正遭受越来越多的专家的质疑，他们指出，孩子总是呆在家里和父母在一起是不健康的。(question)一〕看括号二〕定时态(+语态)isbeingquestioned三〕抓主干thisideaisnowbeingquestionedbymoreandmoreexperts,四〕添枝叶whopointoutthat

itis+adj+forsbtodoThisideaisnowbeingquestionedbymoreandmoreexperts,whopointoutthatitisunhealthyforchildrentostaywiththeirparentsathomeallthetime.一〕看括号二〕定时态(+语态)三〕抓主干四〕添枝叶GeneralStepsP2Cenablesbtodo看括号〔2007春〕和园丁们一起工作让我们学到许多关于花卉的知识。〔enable)

enableustoget/gain/obtainalotofknowledgeabout…看括号〔2011春〕5.经历了屡次严重自然灾害后，人们才逐渐意识到植树造林的重要性。(until)not…until

didn’tcometorealizetheimportanceof…untiltheyhadexperienced…看括号〔2008〕5.我对学生所谈的电子产品一无所知,我发现自己落伍了。(ignorant)beignorantof看括号〔2006〕6.

这小孩太淘气，使得他那忙于工作的父母常常心烦意乱。(So

…)

So…that(太……以致于)Sonaughtyistheboythathe…定时态(+语态)〔2009〕4.为了纪念那些勇敢的消防战士，一部电影即将开拍。〔memory〕一般将来时拍电影〔被动语态〕afilmwillbemade定时态(+语态)〔2009〕6.尽管山高林密，医护人员还是迅速地赶到出事地点，实施援救。〔despite〕一般过去时〔主动语态〕rushedto/quicklyarrivedatthesceneoftheaccident定时态(+语态)〔2009春〕6.毫无疑问，旅行使人开阔眼界，增长知识。(doubt)〔常识〕一般现在时〔主动语态〕定时态(+语态)学生们逐渐认识到友谊胜过金钱，患难朋友才是真朋友。〔realize〕〔2001春〕我没想到汤姆会被选作学生会主席。(occur)〔2002〕因为缺少锻炼，他没有通过驾驶考试(The

reason

why)他设法把游客及时送到了机场。(manage)

〔2008春〕看到奶奶有些睡意，他拉上窗帘并把电视的音量调低了。(turn)〔2010〕宝宝的出生使这个大家庭充满了欢乐。〔fill〔2010春〕我们对他的不辞而别感到很惊讶。〔without〕〔2010春〕据说，中国人比西方人更早使用纸币。(It)〔2011春〕Students

came

to

realize

that

friendship

is

more

import-ant

than

money

and

a

friend

in

need

is

a

friend

indeed.Itneveroccurred/didn’toccurtomethatTomwouldbeelected/made

chairmanoftheStudents’Union.The

reason

why

he

didn’t

pass

the

driving

test

was

that

he

lacked

practice.

Hemanagedtosendthetouriststotheairportintime.SeeingGrandmaalittlesleepy,hedrewthecurtainsandturnedtheTVdownThebirthofthebabyfilledthebigfamilywithjoy.Weweregreatlysurprisedthathe(had)leftwithoutsayinggoodbye.ItissaidthatChinesestartedtousenotes/papermoneyearlierthanwesterners.历年秋季高考中译英考试时态分布图抓主干

、添枝叶〔2007春〕和园丁们一起工作让我们学到许多关于花卉的知识。〔enable)〔主干〕workingenabledustogainknowledge〔枝叶〕抓主干

、添枝叶人们常常抱怨由汽车增加带来的空气污染问题。(complain)〔主干〕peoplecomplainabouttheproblem〔枝叶〕〔2007春〕5.和园丁们一起工作让我们学到许多关于花卉的知识。〔enable)〔2006〕6.

这小孩太淘气，使得他那忙于工作的父母常常心烦意乱。(So

…)

〔2009〕4.为了纪念那些勇敢的消防战士，一部电影即将开拍。〔memory〕〔2002〕5.人们常常抱怨由汽车增加带来的空气污染问题。(complain)Practice2Workingwiththegardenersenabledustolearn/gain/obtainalotofknowledgeaboutflowers.So

naughty

is

the

child

that

he

often

upsets

his

parents,

who

are

busy

with

their

work.Afilmwillbemade/shot

inmemoryofthesebravefirefighters.Peopleoftencomplainabouttheproblemofairpollutioncausedbytheincreaseofcars.尽管父母能在他们孩子身上投入更多时间和精力，但是必须成认，与工作在幼儿园的专职教师相比，他们在如何教育孩子方面缺乏经验。(devote)Althoughparentscandevotemuchmoretimeandenergytotheirchildren,itmustbeadmittedthattheyhavelessexperienceinhowtoeducatechildren,(when)comparedwithprofessionalteachersworking/whoworkinkindergartens.AChallenge祝同学们高考成功！ThankYou

2010上海高考1、这本杂志花了我20多元。〔cost〕2、雨天我总是比平时起得晚。〔than〕3、看到奶奶有些睡意，他拉上窗帘并把电视的音量调低了。(turn)4、乍一看，这块手表没有什么特别之处，但实际上它是一部。〔therebe〕5、我们一致同意一旦得出调查结论，就尽早让公众知晓。〔once〕1、这本杂志花了我20多元。〔cost〕2、雨天我总是比平时起得晚。〔than〕3、看到奶奶有些睡意，他拉上窗帘并把电视的音量调低了。(turn)4、乍一看，这块手表没有什么特别之处，但实际上