高三英语二轮语法专项不定式讲义

2024届二轮语法专项——不定式2023真题及模拟题探究1.【2023高考】Ninahasrunmarathonsin32countries.Allofherrunshaveaguidingpurpose:tocallattentiontoglobalwaterissues.NinarecentlyfinishedheryearlongseriesofrunsinChicago,wheretoaddressfacing(face)“toolittlewaterortoodirtywater”.Hereffortshaveencouragedotherstotakepartbyrunningthroughaglobalcampaigncalled“RunBlue”.解题策略：首先理解语篇和所给词所在的句子大意，其次判断考察非谓语动词，toaddress充当宾语补足语2.【2023东城一模】Onaparticularsunnyday,littleMykelwasdeterminedtolearntoridehisbikewithoutthehelpoftrainingwheels.Whentheneighborhoodkids_spotted__(spot)Mykelshakilycontrollinghisbike,theyracedovertohelp(help).Someheldthebikesteadywhileothersofferedencouragement.Mykelwasnotaloneashetriedtoreachhisgoaloflearningtoridehisbike!Somethingsareeasily(easy)saidthandone.However,withalittlehelpfromfriends,thingsgobetter!解题策略：首先理解语篇和所给词所在的句子大意，其次判断考察非谓语动词，tohelp充当宾语3.【2023西城一模】It’ssaidthattheEnglishiman,hishouseishiscastle.however,thisdoesnotmeanthathishouseisabeautifulpalacethatothers_areinvited_____(invite)tosee.FortheBritish,thehomeisaplacetoprotectoneselffromtheoutsideworld.It’saprivateplaceinwhichhegoestohideawayfromthetroublesoflife.ToAmerican,thehomeisanexpressionof_himself___(he).Muchmoneyisofoftenspentoneachandeveryroomtocreate(create)theright“feel”accordingtotheperson’slifestyle.Therefore,hisishappytoshowhishousetoothers.解题策略：首先理解语篇和所给词所在的句子大意，其次判断考察非谓语动词，表示“来...”为目的，应为不定式tocreate.4.【2023海淀一模】“Conventionalwisdomtellsusthatwecanfeelhappierifwesmileorthatwecangetourselvesin/intoamoreseriousmoodifwescowl(怒视),”saidNicholasColes,aPhDatUtahUniversity.Histeambineddatafrom138studiestestingmorethan11,000participantsandfoundfacialexpressions(express)dohaveimpactonfeelings.Forexample,smilingmakespeoplehappier,scowlingmakesthemfeelangrier,andfrowningmakesthemsadder(sad).Thesefindingsareexcitingbecausetheyprovideaclueabouthowthemindandbodyinteracttoinfluence(influence)ourconsciousexperienceofemotion.解题策略：首先理解语篇和所给词所在的句子大意，其次判断toinfluence充当宾语。5.【2023东城二模】Readingisauniquehumanexperience.Justbyskimmingoureyesoversomewords,wecanmentally(mental)travelacrosstimeandspace.Butreadingcanalsobehard,especiallywhenwe'refacedwithadifficulttext.Tomake(make)itaneasier,morerewardingexperience,you'dbetterreadinprintwheneverpossible.Onereasonfordoingsoisthatoureyesarelesslikelytoskimpastprintedwordsthanthoseonscreen.Plus,consumingcontentonaphysicalpagehelpsthebrainmakeamentalmapoftheinformation,whichinturnmakesiteasiertorememberdetailsinfuture.解题策略：首先理解语篇和所给词所在的句子大意，其次判断tomake充当状语。6.【2023朝阳二模】WangDakang,aged88,isamodeloflifelonglearning.Inthe1980s,hewasthefirstpersontoacplish(acplish)aroundtripofChinausingonlyabicycle.Toeditthisexperienceintohisbook,Wangdecidedtogotocollege.Attheageof61,hewasadmitted(admit)intocollege,majoringinjournalism.By2012,hehadpletedthreemajorsincollege.Atpresent,WanglivesinLeshan,wherehespendshisdaysfollowingcarefullyplanned(plan)routines.Hisstudystartsat6ameverymorning,duringwhichhereadsandtakesnotesfromnewspapers.Wangsaid,“ThereissomuchtolearnandIwillcontinuelearninguntiltheveryend.”解题策略：首先理解语篇和所给词所在的句子大意，其次判断不定式用在thefirst后面做定语。7.【2023朝阳期末】OnOctober12th,Shenzhou14crewmembersgivealiveclasstothestudentsonEarth.Duringtheclass,thecrewshowedthestudentsascienceglovebox,wheretheplantsexperimentsareperformed.Then,theastronautshadrealtimeinteractionswithstudentsthroughvideocallsandtheyansweredstudents’questionslike“Whatkindsofplantswillbebrought(bring)tospaceinfuturespaceflights?”Attheendoftheclass,thecrewsaid,“Weexpectyouguystobuild(build)ourspacehomebetterinthefuture.”解题策略：首先理解语篇和所给词所在的句子大意，其次判断不定式tobuild充当宾语补足语。8.【2023丰台期末】Garyisachildren’sbookauthor.Hefirstbecameinterested(interest)incartoonartwhenhewasachild.Heenjoyedwritingstoriesabouthischaractersandsharingthem(they)withothers.However,hewasquitedisappointedwhentheadultspraisedhiscartoonworksjustoutofpoliteness.__Toimprove___(improve)thisawkwardsituation,Garystartedwritingfunnystories.Heknew(know)evenpoliteadultscouldnotpretendalaugh解题策略：首先理解语篇和所给词所在的句子大意，其次判断不定式Toimprove充当状语。9.【2023东城期末】LanguageDaysattheUnitedNationsseektocelebrate(celebrate)culturaldiversityandpromoteequalusageoftheofficiallanguages.Therearesixdaysforeachofthesixofficiallanguages.TheChineselanguageisoneofthesixofficiallanguageschosenbytheUnitedNations,theUNChineseLanguageDayisheld(hold)onApril20everyyear.ThedatewasselectedfromGuyu,whichisthe6thof24solartermsinthetraditionalChinesecalendar.解题策略：首先理解语篇和所给词所在的句子大意，其次判断不定式toseek充当宾语。10.【2023海淀期末】Governmentsatalllevelshavemadecontinuouseffortstoreducethefinancialburdenonhouserenters,especiallythose_who___arenewcollegegraduates.AreportbytheMeadinAcademysaysthatcollegegraduates__surveyed_(survey)prefertoliveinapartmentsnearpaniesorrailwaystationstofacilitetheirmute.Astohouserents,mostcollegegraduatsstillneedassistance(assistant)fromtheirparentsandonlyabout20percentofthempaytherentthemselves.Tohelp(help)lowerthefinancialburdensofyoungpeople,manygovernmentsandpanieshavegiventheirsupportinhouserentals.解题策略：首先理解语篇和所给词所在的句子大意，其次判断不定式tohelp充当状语。11.【2023西城期末】Gratituleismorethatjustsaying“thankyou”.Gratitudeisadeeperappreciationforsomeonworsomething.Expressinggratidudemakesusfeelapositiveemotion.Overthepastthirtyyears,there_havebeen___(be)manystudiesshowingthatwritingagratitudelettertoanotherpersonoffersanopportunity___toescape(escape)fromnegativeemotions.Evenifwedon’tshareourwritingwithanyone,theactofpletingtheexercisealonemakesushappierandmoresatisfied(satisfied)withlife.Themoreweexpressgratitude,themorepositivewefeel.解题策略：首先理解语篇和所给词所在的句子大意，其次判断不定式toescape充当宾语补足语12.【2022年高考真题】Helenwaswalkingdownthestreetlateintheevening,herarmsfilledwithgrocerybags.Focusedonbalancingthebags,shedidn’tnoticeherwalletfallingoutofherpocket.AsHelenwalkedon,sheheardamanchargingtowardsher.Fearfulthathemighthaveanintentiontoharm(harm)her,Helenstartedtorun.Eventually,themancaught(catch)upwithher,andhewasonlytryingtoreturnherwallet!解题策略：首先理解语篇和所给词所在的句子大意，其次判断不定式toharm充当宾语补足语。13.【2021年高考真题】Therehasbeen(be)adramaticriseinthenumberofextremeweathereventsoverthepast20years,caused(cause)largelybyrisingglobaltemperatures,accordingtoanewreportfromtheUnitedNations.From2000to2019,therewereresultingineconomicloss.Muchofthisincreasecanbeduetoclimatechange.Thefindingsshowacriticalneedtoinvest(invest)indisasterprevention.解题策略：首先理解语篇和所给词所在的句子大意，其次判断这是个表未来的动作，应用不定时做后置定语。14.【2022年高考真题】解题策略：首先理解语篇和所给词所在的句子大意，其次判断考察ittakessometimetodosth,因此填tobreak.15.【2023朝阳期中】Extremeheatisbeingincreasinglymonacrosstheglobe.Itisanextremely(extreme)dangerousweatherconditionwherethetemperaturesaremuchhotterthanaverage.It’sclearthathowhotfuturesummerswillgetdependsonhowhumansdotostopclimatechange.Governmentsappealtopeopletoreducegreenhousegases(gas)—likemethane(甲烷)andcarbondioxide(CO2)—intheatmosphere.Also,theywillsetuppubliccoolingstationstoprotect(protect)peopleatrisk.解题策略：首先理解语篇和所给词所在的句子大意，其次判断不定式toprotect充当宾语补足语。16.【2022朝阳期末】WangYaping,theChinesefemaleastronautonboardShenzhou13,enteredtheTiangongspacestation,whosenamemeansHeavenlyPalace,onOctober16.Sheisthefirstfemaleastronauttovisit(visit)China’sspacestationandcarryoutextravehicularactivities.BorninYantai,Wangbecamethesecondfemaleastronautinspaceflight.Duringthismission,Wang,asoneofthecrewmembers(member),willstayinorbitforsixmonths,settinganewrecordforChina’smannedspacemissionduration.解题策略：首先理解语篇和所给词所在的句子大意，其次判断不定式用在thefirst后面做定语。17.【2022朝阳二模】Weknowthatgetting(get)somefreshaircanbeamoodlifter,butnowaGermanstudygivesusinsightintowhy.Whenresearchersexaminedparticipants’brains,theydiscoveredthatthosewhospentmoretimeoutsidehadalargervolumeofgraymatterintherightprefrontalcortex—theareainvolvedinplanningthoughtsandactions.Ofcourse,gettingoutsidecoulddomoregoodthanamoodshiftbecauseearlierstudieshavefoundthatlessprefrontalgraymatterislinkedtodepression.Therefore,makeitagoaltospend(spend)atleastonehouroutsideeveryday.解题策略：首先理解语篇和所给词所在的句子大意，其次判断这是个表未来的动作，应填tospend.18.【2022东城一模】On15May,2021,Chinabecamethesecondcountrytoland(land)aspacecraftonMars.Therover,Zhurong,wascarried(carry)toMarsonboardtheTianwen1spacecraft,whichwaslaunchedinJuly2020.Equippedwithcamerasandaradar,Zhurong’staskwastosearchforsignsoflife.Ithasworked(work)onMarssurfaceforovertenmonthsandisingoodshape.解题策略：首先理解语篇和所给词所在的句子大意，其次判断不定式用在thesecond后面做定语。19.【2022西城一模】Awhitetelephonebooth(亭),knownasthePhoneoftheWind,sits(sit)inagardenontopofahill.Thoughdisconneced(disconnect),thephoneservesasurprisingpurpose:helpingpeoplespeakoutwhattheyfeelembarrassedtosayinfrontofothers.Havingthought(think)abouttheideaforalongtime,Sasakifinallybuiltthebooth.“Mythoughtscan’tberelayedoveraregularphoneline,soIwantthemtobecarried(carry)onthewind.Ihopeotherscanalsoexpresstheirfeelingsinthesameway.”解题策略：首先理解语篇和所给词所在的句子大意，其次判断不定式充当宾语补足语20.【2022西城二模】Sincelastmonth,morethanhalfofAmerica’sschooldistrictshavereported/havebeenreporting(report)“severe”or“desperate”schoolbusdrivershortages.SufferinglikethismakesthemthankfulforpeoplelikeMichaelMason.Drivingaschoolbusisn’tMichaelMason’sfirstjob;heusedtoworkforthegovernment.Butunlikemanyretirees,Masonisnotsittinghomeandrelaxing.Tolend(lend)ahelpinghand,hestartedanewjob—abusdriver.Masonhopestoinspireothersinthemunity.Hesays,“Ibelieveifallofusgivealittlesomething,wewillmake(make)adifferenceintheworld.”解题策略：首先理解语篇和所给词所在的句子大意，其次判断tolend充当状语成分。21.【2021东城一模】Emmawasonherwayhomewhensheheardasuddenscream.Lookingaround,shesawalittleboyonthesidewalkgasping(急喘)forair,hisfrightened(frighten)motherbeggingforhelp.Emmarushedtotheboy,whosefacehadturnedpurple.“What’swrong?”“Acandy!Inhisthroat!”ItwasluckythatEmmahadlearnedhowtoperform(perform)theHeimlichmaneuver(海姆利克急救法)atschool.Sheactedquickly.Soon,theboycoughedupapieceofcandyandbeganbreathingagain.Hewassaved(save)intime.解题策略：首先理解语篇和所给词所在的句子大意，其次判断疑问词how接动词不定式。22.【2021西城二模】Smartphoneshavebeeanessentialpartofourdailylives.However,toprotect(protect)youngerstudents’eyesightandmakesuretheyfocusontheirstudies,primaryandmiddleschoolswillhavemorespecificrulestolimitstudents’mobilephoneuseoncampus.TheMinistryofEducationhavereleased(release)anoticeinJanuarythatrestrictsprimaryandmiddleschoolstudentsfromcarryingmobilephonestoschool.Thosewhostillrequiretheirphonesforsomereasonmustgettheirparents’andteachers’approvalandmusthandtheirphonesoverduringclasstime.Thepolicyaimstoimprovestudents’focusonstudyandfightforaddiction(addict)totheinternetandgames.解题策略：首先理解语篇和所给词所在的句子大意，其次判断不定式toprotect作目的状语。23.【2021丰台二模】Anemailinvitationisanelectronicmeansofsendinganinvitetoapersonoragroupofpeopletoe(e)toaparticularevent.Itisthetechnologicalversionofsendinganinvitationbymail.Mostpeopleturntothismethodbecauseofvariousreasons.Oneofthemiscosteffectiveness.Unlikethetraditional(tradition)invitation,youhavetospendaconsiderableamountofmoneytoprintinvitationsplusanadditionalcosttosendthem.Byusingformal

emailinPDF,allyouneedisadigitalgraphicprint,typewrittenwords,andinternettosendtoeveryone.解题策略：首先理解语篇和所给词所在的句子大意，其次判断不定式toe作后置定语。24.【2021西城期末】TheUnitedNationsChildren’sFund,alsoknownasUNICEF,isaUnitedNationsorganizationbasedinNewYork.Itoffershelpneededbychildrenallovertheworld.UNICEFwasfounded(found)on11December,1946toprovidefoodandhealthcaretochildrenincountriesdamagedinWorldWarII.Since1953,UNICEFhastaken(take)upanextendedmissiontohelpchildreninthedevelopingworld,includingthoselivingwithdiseaseordisabilities,andthoseaffectedbyrapidmodernizationandenvironmentalproblems(problem).Now,UNICEFhasbeenworkingtoimprove(improve)thelivesofchildrenandtheirfamiliesacross190countriesandterritories.解题策略：首先理解语篇和所给词所在的句子大意，其次判断不定式toimprove作宾语。25.【2021东城期末】About5,000yearsago,astrangecircleofbluestonesweresetupinBritain.Thestructurehas80stonesinallandeachstoneweighs(weigh)aboutthreetons.Nooneissurewhobuiltthestructure.OneofthemostpopularbeliefsisthattheCeltsbuiltit.SomeeventhinkcreaturesfromanotherplanetwhovisitedEarthleftitbehindjusttolet(let)usknowtheywerehere.解题策略：首先理解语篇和所给词所在的句子大意，其次判断应填写不定式tolet,作状语。【2021丰台期末】TheInternationalDayofFamilies,whichwasnamed(name)bytheUnitedNationsin1993,isheldonMay15theveryyear.Thedaycelebratestheimportance(important)offamilies.Itaimstodevelop(develop)people’sunderstandingofissuesthatarerelatedtofamilies.Withadifferentthemeeachyear,thedayisobservedwithawiderangeofeventsthatareorganizedatlocal,nationalandinternationallevels.解题策略：首先理解语篇和所给词所在的句子大意，其次判断固定搭配aimtodosth,应填不定式todevelop.27.【2020朝阳期末】Whilebottledwaterisconvenient,itisalsoreallybadfortheenvironment.Notonlydoesitcreaterubbish,butitalsousesmoreresourcesbecauseitisshipped(ship)tothestore.Tobemoreecofriendly,makeitahabittocarry(carry)areusablewaterbottlewithyoueverywheresothatyoucandrinkwateronthego.Plasticbottlesareusuallythelightest(light)andmostconvenient.Youcanalsofindglasswaterbottlesthatareagreatchoiceifyoudon’tlikeusingplastic.解题策略：首先理解语篇和所给词所在的句子大意，其次判断不定式tocarry作定语。28.【2020朝阳一模】Withourgraduationdayaroundthecorner,Iwasbusypreparingpresentsformyfriends.Asusual,Iwalkedintotheclassroom,onlytofind(find)abigboxstandingthere.Approaching,Isawmynamewritten/waswritten(write)onit.Iwasquiteshockedwhentheboxwasopened/opened(open)andIsaw“myself”,avividstatue,sittinginsidesmilingupatme.Iwasatapletelossforwords.Itwasthemostunique,unconventionalpresentinmylife.解题策略：首先理解语篇和所给词所在的句子大意，其次判断不定式tofind作结果状语，onlytodosth固定搭配。29.【2020朝阳二模】AUSastronaut,ChristinaKoch,spent328daysinspace,whichisarecordforafemaleastronaut.Shepletedhermission,landinginaremoteareaofKazakhstan.Kochconcludedsixspacewalksandshedidsomeexperimentsthatstudiedif/whetherpeopleareabletoliveoutsideEarth.Hertimeinspaceallowsresearcherstostudy(study)theeffectsofalongtermspaceflightonthefemalebody.NASAsaysthefindingswillhelp(help)theagencyduringitsfuturemissionstothemoonandMars.解题策略：首先理解语篇和所给词所在的句子大意，其次判断此处考察非谓语动词，应填不定式tostudy，allowsbtodosth为固定搭配。30.【2020朝阳二模】TheDunhuangMogaoGrottoesisaworldheritage（遗产)sitelocated(locate)inGansuProvince,NorthwestChina.In2016,thefirstphaseoftheDigitalDunhuangresourcedatabasewentonline.Nowpeoplefromallovertheworldcanenjoyhighdefinitionimagesandpanoramic（全景的)toursof30cavesontheDigitalDunhuangwebsite.DigitalDunhuangintegrates(integrate)allkindsofdata,includingvideos,3Ddata,picturesandothers,intodigitalimagesthatcanbesharedgloballyovertheInternet.AlthoughtheDigitalDunhuangprojecthasalongwaytogo(go),ithassignificantmeaningtocultural(culture)heritageprotection.解题策略：首先理解语篇和所给词所在的句子大意，其次判断此处考察非谓语动词，不定式togo作定语，同时表示动作尚未发生。【2020东城一模】Onemorning,Itoldmyhusbandjokinglythathe’ddroppedtheballbecausehehadn’tmademecoffeeandIwashavingtroublegettingmotivatedtostart(start)theday.Myfiveyearoldsonoverheardmeandaskedwhat“droptheball”meant.Itoldhimitwasjustsomethinglikemakingamistake.Afewminuteslater,hecameintoourbedroomholding(hold)anoverflowingcoffeecupwithadishclothunderneathittocatchthedrops.Hesaidtomyhusband,“Youdroppedtheball,butIpickedtheballup,”andhehandedmetheworsttasting,mostwatereddownbutsweetest(sweet)cupofcoffeeever.解题策略：首先理解语篇和所给词所在的句子大意，其次判断此处考察非谓语动词，不定式tostart,作主语补足语。【2020丰台一模】At9feettallandweighingabout250pounds,theostrich(鸵鸟)istheworld’slargestbird.Asthemythgoes,afrightenedostrichwillburyitsheadinthesandtomake(make)itselfinvisibletoitshunters.Ifthatsoundslikea“birdbrained”waytoescapedanger,you’reright!Actually,theostrichplaysdeadinthisway.Whenthisbehaviorisseen(see)fromadistance,theostrich’sheadmightnotbevisible,giving(give)thefalseimpressionthatitsheadisburied.解题策略：首先理解语篇和所给词所在的句子大意，其次判断此处考察非谓语动词，不定式tomake,作状语。用法总结：定义：动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能独立作谓语，但它仍保持动词的特点，既可以有自己的宾语和状语。（一）基本形式1.不定式的构成（以动词do为例）主动形式被动形式一般式todotobedone完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone进行式tobedoing无完成进行式tohavebeendoing无（二）不定式的用法：动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。因此在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。1.不定式做主语：不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。动名词doing表示习惯的，经常的动作。注意：1)不定式作主语时,谓语用单数2)it形式主语。当主语较长，谓语较短时，常用it做形式主语，而将不定式放到谓语的后面。3）主系表结构Toseeistobelieve.不定式做表语主语多用aimdutyhopeideaintentionplanjobsuggestionwishpurposetask等抽象名词或以what引导的名词性从句表示，后面的不定式说明其内容,不定式作表语常表示将来的动作或状态。3.动词不定式作宾语ask,agree,care,choose,demand,decide,expect,fail,help,hope,learn,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,want,wish等只能用动词不定式作宾语*注意:1某些及物动词可用ing也可用动词不定式作宾语但意义不同，比如：stopgoonrememberforgetregrettrymeancan’thelpbeusedto2某些及物动词think,believe,consider,feel,find,make等后常用it作形式宾语e.gTechnologymakesitpossibletorealizeourdream.4．动词不定式做定语1）不定式作定语需要后置2）作定语的不定式与被修饰的名词或代词存在着三种主要的逻辑关系，即被修饰的名词和代词是不定式的逻辑主语（逻辑上的主谓关系）或逻辑宾语（逻辑上的动宾关系）或同位关系5．宾语补足语1）有些动词后常接不定式短语作宾语补足语，如:advisemandforceallowexpectintendbegpreferremindorderpermitpel有些动词短语votefor,callon,counton,relyon,dependon,longfor,waitfor等后面，也可以跟to不定式作补语。不定式做状语不定式做状语修饰动词、形容词、副词等，表示目的、原因、结果、条件等。1、表目的e.g.Tolearnaforeignlanguagewell,youmusttryyourbest(主语一致)Hecameheretoattendanimportantmeeting.2、表结果不定式结构表示结果常见于下列句型so…asto…Wouldyoubesokindastolendmeyourbicycle/tellmethetime?such(…)asto…I’mnotsuchafoolastobelievethat.adj./adv.+enoughto…Theboyisoldenoughtogotoschool.too…to…Hiseyesightistoopoortoreadsuchsmallletters.onlytofind,onlytobetold出乎意料之外的结果3．表原因不定式可以用于情感形容词或ed分词后表示原因。Hewastooexcitedtogethighmarks.（三）常见的含有动词不定式的句式：1.Ittakessb.sometime（money）todosth.2.It’stimetodosth.3.主语＋be（not）+adj.+enoughtodosth.4.sb.+beready+todosth.5.It’s+adj.+for/ofsb.todosth.6.主+wouldlike/lovetodosth.…喜欢（想做某事）7.hadbetterdosth.（…最好做…）8.It’sone’sturntodosth.请同学们再次回到语篇中，阅读文段并理解句意，体会副词的用法。1.【2023高考】Ninahasrunmarathonsin32countries.Allofherrunshaveaguidingpurpose:tocallattentionglobalwaterissues.NinarecentlyfinishedheryearlongseriesofrunsinChicago,thousandswereattendingawaterconference.Shecalledforaction(address)thestrugglesofpeoplearoundtheworld(face)“toolittlewaterortoodirtywater”.Hereffortshaveencouragedotherstotakepartbyrunningthroughaglobalcampaigncalled“RunBlue”.2.【2023东城一模】Onaparticularsunnyday,littleMykelwasdeterminedtolearntoridehisbikewithoutthehelpoftrainingwheels.Whentheneighborhoodkids___(spot)Mykelshakilycontrollinghisbike,theyracedoverto(help).Someheldthebikesteadywhileothersofferedencouragement.Mykelwasnotaloneashetriedtoreachhisgoaloflearningtoridehisbike!Somethingsare(easy)saidthandone.However,withalittlehelpfromfriends,thingsgobetter!3.【2023西城一模】It’ssaidthattheEnglishiman,hishouseishiscastle.however,thisdoesnotmeanthathishouseisabeautifulpalacethatothers______(invite)tosee.FortheBritish,thehomeisaplacetoprotectoneselffromtheoutsideworld.It’saprivateplaceinwhichhegoestohideawayfromthetroublesoflife.ToAmerican,thehomeisanexpressionof____(he).Muchmoneyisofoftenspentoneachandeveryroom________(create)theright“feel”accordingtotheperson’slifestyle.Therefore,hisishappytoshowhishousetoothers.4.【2023海淀一模】“Conventionalwisdomtellsusthatwecanfeelhappierifwesmileorthatwecangetourselves________amoreseriousmoodifwescowl(怒视),”saidNicholasColes,aPhDatUtahUniversity.Histeambineddatafrom138studiestestingmorethan11,000participantsandfoundfacial___________(express)dohaveimpactonfeelings.Forexample,smilingmakespeoplehappier,scowlingmakesthemfeelangrier,andfrowningmakesthem________(sad).Thesefindingsareexcitingbecausetheyprovideaclueabouthowthemindandbodyinteracttoinfluence(influence)ourconsciousexperienceofemotion.5.【2023东城二模】Readingisauniquehumanexperience.Justbyskimmingoureyesoversomewords,wecan________(mental)travelacrosstimeandspace.Butreadingcanalsobehard,especiallywhenwe'refacedwithadifficulttext._________(make)itaneasier,morerewardingexperience,you'dbetterreadinprintwheneverpossible.Onereasonfordoingsoisthatoureyesarelesslikelytoskimpastprintedwordsthanthoseonscreen.Plus,consumingcontentonaphysicalpagehelpsthebrainmakeamentalmapoftheinformation,________inturnmakesiteasiertorememberdetailsinfuture.6.【2023朝阳二模】WangDakang,aged88,isamodeloflifelonglearning.Inthe1980s,hewasthefirstperson___________(acplish)aroundtripofChinausingonlyabicycle.Toeditthisexperienceintohisbook,Wangdecidedtogotocollege.Attheageof61,he_____________(admit)intocollege,majoringinjournalism.By2012,hehadpletedthreemajorsincollege.Atpresent,WanglivesinLeshan,wherehespendshisdaysfollowingcarefully__________(plan)routines.Hisstudystartsat6ameverymorning,duringwhichhereadsandtakesnotesfromnewspapers.Wangsaid,“ThereissomuchtolearnandIwillcontinuelearninguntiltheveryend.”7.【2023朝阳期末】OnOctober12th,Shenzhou14crewmembersgivealiveclasstothestudentsonEarth.Duringtheclass,thecrewshowedthestudentsascienceglovebox,wheretheplantsexperimentsareperformed.Then,theastronautshadrealtimeinteractionswithstudents__________videocallsandtheyansweredstudents’questionslike“Whatkindsofplants__________(bring)tospaceinfuturespaceflights?”Attheendoftheclass,thecrewsaid,“Weexpectyouguys_______(build)ourspacehomebetterinthefuture.”8.【2023丰台期末】Garyisachildren’sbookauthor.Hefirstbecame________(interest)incartoonartwhenhewasachild.Heenjoyedwritingstoriesabouthischaractersandsharing_______(they)withothers.However,hewasquitedisappointedwhentheadultspraisedhiscartoonworksjustoutofpoliteness._____(improve)thisawkwardsituation,Garystartedwritingfunnystories.Heknew(know)evenpoliteadultscouldnotpretendalaugh9.【2023东城期末】LanguageDaysattheUnitedNationsseek__________(celebrate)culturaldiversityandpromoteequalusageoftheofficiallanguages.Therearesixdaysforeachofthesixofficiallanguages.TheChineselanguageisoneofthesixofficiallanguageschosenbytheUnitedNations,theUNChineseLanguageDay__________(hold)onApril20everyyear.ThedatewasselectedfromGuyu,_______isthe6thof24solartermsinthetraditionalChinesecalendar.10.【2023海淀期末】Governmentsatalllevelshavemadecontinuouseffortstoreducethefinancialburdenonhouserenters,especiallythose____arenewcollegegraduates.AreportbytheMeadinAcademysaysthatcollegegraduates______(survey)prefertoliveinapartmentsnearpaniesorrailwaystationstofacilitetheirmute.Astohouserents,mostcollegegraduatsstillneed_________(assistant)fromtheirparentsandonlyabout20percentofthempaytherentthemselves.Tohelp(help)lowerthefinancialburdensofyoungpeople,manygovernmentsandpanieshavegiventheirsupportinhouserentals.11.【2023西城期末】Gratituleismorethatjustsaying“thankyou”.Gratitudeisadeeperappreciationforsomeonworsomething.Expressinggratidudemakesusfeelapositiveemotion.Overthepastthirtyyears,there____(be)manystudiesshowingthatwritingagratitudelettertoanotherpersonoffersanopportunity_______(escape)fromnegativeemotions.Evenifwedon’tshareourwritingwithanyone,theactofpletingtheexercisealonemakesushappierand___________(satisfied)withlife.Themoreweexpressgratitude,themorepositivewefeel.12.【2022年高考真题】Helenwaswalkingdownthestreetlatetheevening,herarmsfilledwithgrocerybags.Focusedonbalancingthebags,shedidn’tnoticeherwalletfallingoutofherpocket.AsHelenwalkedon,sheheardamanchargingtowardsher.Fearfulthathemighthaveanintention(harm)her,Helenstartedtorun.Eventually,theman_________(catch)upwithher,andhewasonlytryingtoreturnherwallet!13.【2021年高考真题】There_______(be)adramaticriseinthenumberofextremeweathereventsoverthepast20years,__________(cause)largelybyrisingglobalt