医学英文文献精读与写作学习培训课件

THETERMINOLOGYOFHEARTANATOMY课程：《医学英文文献精读与写作》授课教师：ReviewthevideoPump泵Oxygen氧Nutrient营养素endocardium心内膜复数endocardiaPericardium心包膜复数pericardiaThe4chambers:2Upperchambers-atrium心房复数atria或atriums2Lowerchambers–ventricle心室复数ventriclesReviewthevideoTricuspidvalveMitralvalvePulmonaryvalveAorticvalveReviewthevideoOxygendepletedbloodBloodcellsarerejuvenatedwithoxygenbyairfromthelungs.Rejuvenate

/rɪˈdʒuːvəneɪt/vt.使年轻；使更新；使恢复精神；使复原vi.复原；变年轻过去式rejuvenated过去分词rejuvenated现在分词rejuvenating第三人称单数rejuvenatesHeartbeats100,000perday40,000,000(40million)peryear3,000,000,000(3billion)overlifespanTheanatomyofheartPurkinje’sfibers蒲金野氏纤维,心浦氏纤维fossaovalis卵圆窝trabeculaecarneae心肉柱papillarymuscle乳头状肌chordaetendineae腱索Myocardium心肌SAnode窦房结（sinoatrialnode）AVnode房室结（atrioventricularnode）Right&leftbundlebranches右&左束支Purkinje’sfibers心浦氏纤维HEARBLOODFOWVenaecavae腔静脉BloodsupplyoftheheartBloodsupplyoftheheartTheparasympatheticandsympatheticnervesupplytotheheart.窦房结→心房合胞体→交叉纤维→房室结→房室束→束支→蒲金野氏纤维→心室合胞体AnElectrocardiogramPATHOLOGICALCONDITIONSCardiologyHeartattackMyocardialinfarctionAlsoknownasaheartattack.Coronaryarteryocclusionleadstoischemiaandinfarctionofheartmuscle.Infarction:Anareaofdeadtissue.Angina

pectoris心绞痛Anepisodeofchestpainduetoatemporarydifferencebetweenthesupplyanddemandofoxygentotheheartmuscle.arrhythmiaAbnormalheartrhythms.Someexamplesofcardiacarrhythmiasare:heartblock(atrioventricularblock),flutter,andfibraillation.RheumaticheartdiseaseHeartdiseasecausedbyrheumaticfever.BacterialendocarditisInflammationoftheinnerliningoftheheartcausedbybacteria.HeartmurmurAnextraheartsound,heardbetweennormalheartsounds.Mitralvalveprolapse(MVP)二尖瓣脱垂；僧帽瓣脱垂Improperclosureofthemitralvalvewhentheheartispumpingblood.PATHOLOGICALCONDITIONSHypertensiveheartdiseaseHighbloodpressureaffectingtheheart.CongestiveheartfailureAconditioninwhichtheheartisunabletopumpitsrequiredamountofblood.Bloodaccumulatesinthelungsandliver.CongenitalheartdiseaseAbnormalitiesintheheartatbirth.Thefollowingconditionsofarecongenitalanomaliesresultingfromsomefailureinthedevelopmentofthefetus:septaldefects,tetralogyofFallot,patentductusarteriosus,andcoarctationoftheaorta.AterialhypertensionHighbloodpressureinarteries:essential(idiopathic)andsecondary.Varicoseveins静脉曲张Abnormallyswollenveins,usuallyoccurringinthelegs.Raynaud’sphenomenonShortepisodesofpallorandnumbnessinthefingersandtoesduetotemporaryconstrictionofarteriolesintheskin.aneurysmLocalwideningofanartery.Aortadissectinganeurysm主动脉夹层动脉瘤【亦见：theacuteabdomen急腹症-现病史-疼痛】Asuddensevereshearingortearingpainofthechestorintrascapularregionextendingtotheabdomenandoccasionallyintotheupperorlowerextremitiessuggestsadissectionofthethoracicaorta.TypesofaneurysmSaccularaneurysm囊状动脉瘤Fusiformaneurysm梭状动脉瘤Mycoticaneur