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GRE英语作文分类题库
—教育类
Anationshouldrequireallitsstudentstostudythesamenationalcurriculumuntiltheyentercollegeratherthanallowschoolsindifferentpartsofthenationtodeterminewhichacademiccoursestooffer.
Whilesomeleadersingovernment,sports,industry,andotherareasattributetheirsuccesstoawell-developedsenseofcompetition,asocietycanbetterprepareitsyoungpeopleforleadershipbyinstillinginthemasenseofcooperation.
Inordertoimprovethequalityofinstructionatthecollegeanduniversitylevel,allfacultyshouldberequiredtospendtimeworkingoutsidetheacademicworldinprofessionsrelevanttothecoursestheyteach.
Universitiesshouldrequireeverystudenttotakeavarietyofcoursesoutsidethestudent'sfieldofstudybecauseacquiringknowledgeofvariousacademicdisciplinesisthebestwaytobecometrulyeducated.
Collegesanduniversitiesshouldoffermorecoursesonpopularmusic,film,advertising,andtelevisionbecausecontemporaryculturehasmuchgreaterrelevanceforstudentsthandoartsandliteratureofthepast.
Itisprimarilythroughformaleducationthataculturetriestoperpetuatetheideasitfavorsanddiscredittheideasitfears.
Someeducationalsystemsemphasizethedevelopmentofstudents'capacityforreasoningandlogicalthinking,butstudentswouldbenefitmorefromaneducationthatalsotaughtthemtoexploretheirownemotions.
Itisoftenassertedthatthepurposeofeducationistofreethemindandthespirit.Inreality,however,formaleducationtendstorestrainourmindsandspiritsratherthansetthemfree.
Howchildrenaresocializedtodaydeterminesthedestinyofsociety.Unfortunately,wehavenotyetlearnedhowtoraisechildrenwhocanhelpbringaboutabettersociety.
Bothparentsandcommunitiesmustbeinvolvedinthelocalschools.Educationistooimportanttoleavesolelytoagroupofprofessionaleducators.
Thepurposeofeducationshouldbetoprovidestudentswithavaluesystem,astandard,asetofideas-nottopreparethemforaspecificjob.
Societyshouldidentifythosechildrenwhohavespecialtalentsandabilitiesandbegintrainingthematanearlyagesothattheycaneventuallyexcelintheirareasofability.Othervise,thesetalentsarelikelytoremainundeveloped.
Althoughinnovationssuchasvideo,computers,andtheinternetseemtoofferschoolsimprovedmethodsforinstructingstudents,thesetechnologiesalltoooftendistractfromreallearning.
二学习类
Wecanusuallylearnmuchmorefrompeoplewhoseviewswesharethanfrompeoplewhoseviescontradictourown.Disagreementcancausestressandinhibitlearning.
Nofieldofstudycanadvancesignificantlyunlessoutsidersbringtheirknowledgeandexperiencetothatfieldofstudy.
Anyonecanmakethingsbiggerandmorecomplex.Whatrequiresrealeffortandcourageis
tomoveintheoppositedirection-inotherwords,tomakethingsassimpleaspossible.
Studentsshouldmemoriesfactsonlyaftertheyhavestudiedtheideas,trends,andconceptsthathelpexplainthosefacts.Studentswhohavelearnedonlyfactshavelearnedverylittle.
Scholarsandresearchesshouldnotbeconcernedwithwhethertheirworkmakesacontributiontothelargersociety.Itismoreimportantthattheypursuetheirindividualinterests,howeverunusualoridiosyncraticthoseinterestsmayseem.
Inanyacademicareaorprofessionalfield,itisjustasimportanttorecognizethelimitsofourknowledgeandunderstandingasitistoacquirenewfactsandinformation.
Factsarestubbornthings.Theycannotbealteredbyourwishes,ourinclinations,orthedictatesofourpassions.
Studentsshouldbringacertainskepticismtowhatevertheystudy.Theyshouldquestionwhattheyaretaughtinsteadofacceptingitpassively.
Thereisnosuchthingaspurelyobjectiveobservation.Allobservationissubjective;itisalwaysguidedbytheobserver'sexpectationsordesires.
Thehumanmindwillalwaysbesuperiortomachinesbecausemachinesareonlytoolsofhumanminds.
Criticaljudgmentofwork,inanygivenfieldhaslittlevalueunlesscomesfromsomeonewhoisanexpertinthatfield.
Peoplewhopursuetheirownintellectualinterestsforpurelypersonalreasonsaremorelikelytobenefittherestoftheworldthanarepeoplewhotrytoactforthepublicgood.
Originalitydoesnotmeanthinkingsomethingthatwasneverthoughtbefore;itmeansputtingoldideastogetherinnewways.
Thestudyofacacademicdisciplinealtersthewayweperceivetheworld.Afterstudyingthediscipline,weseethesameworldasbefore,butwithdifferenteyes.
Thewaystudentsandscholarsinterpretthematerialstheyworkwithintheiracademicfieldsismoreofpersonalitythanoftraining.Differentinterpretationscomeaboutwhenpeoplewithdifferentpersonalitieslookatexactlythesameobjects,facts,data,oreventsandseedifferentthings.
Asweacquiremoreknowledge,thingsdonotbecomemorecomprehensible,butmorecomplexandmoremysterious.
Itisagravemistaketotheorizebeforeonehasdata.
三行为类
Althoughmanypeoplethinkthattheluxuriesandconveniencesofcontemporarylifeareentirelyharmless,theyinfact,preventpeoplefromdevelopingintotrulystrongandindependentindividuals.
Publicfiguressuchasactors,politicians,andathletesshouldexpectpeopletobeinterestedintheirprivatelives.Whentheyseekapublicrole,theyshouldexpectthattheywillloseatleastsomeoftheirprivacy.
Creatinganappealingimagehasbecomemoreimportantincontemporarysocietythanistherealityortruthbehindthatimage.
Theconceptof'individualresponsibility'isanecessaryfiction.Althoughsocietiesmusthold
individualsaccountablefortheirownactions,people'sbehaviorislargelydeterminedbyforces
notoftheirownmaking.
Peopleworkmoreproductivelyinteamsthanindividually.Teamworkrequirescooperation,whichmotivatespeoplemuchmorethanindividualcompetitiondoes.
Inanyrealmoflife-whetheracademic,social,business,orpolitical-theonlywaytosucceedistotakeapractical,ratherthananidealistic,pointofvies.Pragmaticbehaviorguaranteessurvival,whereasidealisticviewstendtobesupercededbysimpler,moreimmediateoptions.
Itisprimarilythroughouridentificationwithsocialgroupsthatwedefineourselves.
Onlythroughmistakescantherebediscoveryorprogress.
Mostpeoplerecognizethebenefitsofindividuality,butthefactisthatpersonaleconomicsuccessrequiresconformity.
Peoplewhoarethemostdeeplycommittedtoanideaorpolicyarethemostcriticalofit.
Noamountofinformationcaneliminateprejudicebecauseprejudiceisrootedinemotion,notreason.
Themostessentialqualityofaneffectiveleaderistheabilitytoremainconsistentlycommittedinparticularprinciplesandobjectives.Anyleaderwhoisquicklyandeasilyinfluencedbyshiftsinpopularopinionwillaccomplishlittle.
Sometimesimaginationisamorevaluableassetthanexperience.Peoplewholackexperiencearefreetoimaginewhatispossibleandthuscanapproachataskwithoutconstraintsofestablishedhabitsandattitudes.
Inanygivenfield,theleadingvoicescomefrompeoplewhoaremotivatednotbyconvictionbutbythedesiretopresentopinionsandideasthatdifferfromthoseheldbythemajority.
Itisalwaysanindividualwhoistheimpetusforinnovation;thedetailsmaybeworkedoutbyateam,buttrueinnovationresultsfromtheenterpriseanduniqueperceptionofanindividual.
Success,whetheracademicorprofessional,involvesanabilitytosurviveinanewenvironmentand——,eventually,——tochangeit.
Mostpeoplechooseacareeronthebasisofsuchpragmaticconsiderationsastheneedsoftheeconomy,therelativeeaseoffindingajob,andthesalarytheycanexpecttomake.Hardlyanyoneisfreetochooseacareerbasedonhisorhernaturaltalentsorinterestinaparticularkindofwork.
Ifagoalisworthy,thenanymeanstakentoattainitisjustifiable.
Peopleoftenlookforsimilarities,evenbetweenverydifferentthings,andevenwhenitisunhelpfulorharmfultodoso.Instead,athingshouldbeconsideredonitsownterms,weshouldavoidthetendencytocompareittosomethingelse.
Peoplearemistakenwhentheyassumethattheproblemstheyconfrontaremorecomplexandchallengingthantheproblems,facedbytheirpredecessors.Thusillusioniseventuallydispelledwithincreasedknowledgeandexperience.
Moderationinallthingsisill-consideredadvice.Rather,oneshouldsay,'Moderationsismostthings,'sincemanyareasofhumanconcernrequireoratleastprofitfromintensefocus.
Mostpeoplearetaughtthatloyaltyisavirtue.Butloyalty-whethertoone'sfriends,toone'sschoolorplaceofemployment,ortoanyinstitution-isalltoooftenadestructiveratherthanapositiveforce.
四政治类
Itisoftennecessary,evendesirable,forpoliticalleaderstowithholdinformationfromthepublic.
Therearetwotypesoflaws:justandunjust.Everyindividualinasocietyhasaresponsibilitytoobeyjustlawsand,evenmoreimportantly,todisobeyandresistunjustlaws.
Tobeaneffectiveleader,apublicofficialmustmaintainthehighestethicalandmoralstandards.
Itisimpossibleforaneffectivepoliticalleadertotellthetruthallthetime.Completehonestyisnotausefulvirtueforapolitician.
Thosewhotreatpoliticsandmoralityasthoughtheywereseparaterealmsfailtounderstandeithertheoneortheother.
Lawsshouldnotbestationaryandfixed.Instead,theyshouldbeflexibleenoughtotakeaccountofvariouscircumstances,times,andplaces.
Thegoalofpoliticsshouldnotbethepursuitofanideal,butratherthesearchforcommongroundandreasonableconsensus.
五科技类
Theprimarygoaloftechnologicaladvancementshouldbetoincreasepeople'sefficiencysothateveryonehasmoreleisuretime.
Moneyspentonresearchisalmostalwaysagoodinvestment,evenwhentheresultsofthatresearcharecontroversial.
Humanityhasmadelittlerealprogressoverthepastcenturyorso.Technologicalinnovationshavetakenplace,buttheoverallconditionofhumanityisnobetter.War,violence,andpovertyarestillwithus.Technologycannotchangetheconditionofhumanity.
Whenresearchprioritiesarebeingsetforscience,education,oranyotherarea,themostimportantquestiontoconsideris:Howmanypeople'sliveswillbeimprovediftheresultsaresuccessful.
Thefunctionofscienceistoreassure;thepurposeofartsistoupset.Thereinliesthevalueofeach.
Technologycreatesmoreproblemsthanitsolves,andmaythreatenordamagethequalityoflife.
Mostimportantdiscoveriesorcreationsareaccidental:itisusuallywhileseekingtheanswertoonequestionthatwecomeacrosstheanswertoanother.
六传媒类
Intheageoftelevision,readingbooksisnotasimportantasitoncewas.Peoplecanlearnasmuchbywatchingtelevisionastheycanbyreadingbooks.
Thepurposeofmanyadvertisementsistomakeconsumerswanttobuyaproductsothattheywill'belike'thepersoninthead.Thispracticeiseffectivebecauseitnotonlysellsproductsbutalsohelpspeoplefeelbetteraboutthemselves.
Becauseoftelevisionandworldwidecomputerconnections,peoplecannowbecomefamiliarwithagreatmanyplacesthattheyhavenevervisited.Asaresult,tourismwillsoonbecomeobsolete.
High-speedelectroniccommunicationsmedia,suchaselectronicmailandtelevision,tendtopreventmeaningfulandthoughtfulcommunication.
5.Inthisageofintensivemediacoverage,itisnolongerpossibleforasocietytoregardanywomanormanasahero.Thereputationofanyonewhoissubjectiedtomediascrutinywilleventuallybediminished.
七社会类
Suchnonmainstreamareasofinquiryasastrology,fortune-telling,andpsychicandparanormalpursuitsplayavitalroleinsocietybysatisfyinghumanneedsthatarenotaddressedbymainstreamscience.
Societydoesnotplaceenoughemphasisontheintellect-thatis,onreasoningandothercognitiveskills.
Itisthroughtheuseoflogicandofprecise,carefulmeasurementthatwebecomeawareofourprogress.Withoutsuchtools,wehavenoreferencepointstoindicatehowfarwehaveadvancedorretreated.
Atvarioustimesinthegeologicalpast,manyspecieshavebecomeextinctasaresultofnatural,ratherthanhuman,processes.Thus,thereisnojustificationforsocietytomakeextraordinaryefforts,especiallyatagreatcostinmoneyandjobs,tosaveendangeredspecies.
Theabsenceofchoicesisacircumstancethatisvery,veryrake.
Whatsocietyhasthoughttobeitgreatestsocial,political,andindividualachievementshaveoftenresultedinthegreatestdiscontent.
Thewell-beingofasocietyisenhancedwhenmanyofitspeoplequestionauthority.
Traditionandmodernizationareincompatible.Onemustchoosebetweenthem.
Theonlyresponsibilityofcorporateexecutives,providedtheystaywithinthelaw,istomakeasmuchmoneyaspossiblefortheircompanies.
Manyproblemsofmodernsocietycannotbesolvedbylawsandthelegalsystembecausemoralbehaviorcannotbelegislated.
Scandals-whetherinpolitics,academia,orotherareas-canbeuseful.Theyfocusourattentiononproblemsinwaysthatnospeakerorreformerevercould.
Practicalityisnowourgreatideal,whichallpowersandtalentsmustserve.Anythingthatisnotobviouslypracticalhaslittlevalueintoday'sworld.
Itiseasytowelcomeinnovationandacceptnewideas.Whatmostpeoplefinddifficult,however,isacceptingthewaythesenewideasareputintopractice.
Thebestwaytounderstandthecharacterofasocietyistoexaminethecharacterofthemenandwomenthatthesocietychoosesasitsheroesoritsheroines.
Progressisbestmadethroughdiscussionamongpeoplewhohavecontrastingpointsofvies.
八历史类
Thevideocameraprovidessuchanaccurateandconvincingrecordofcontemporarylifethatithasbecomeamoreimportantformofdocumentationthanwrittenrecords.
Mostpeoplewouldagreethatbuildingrepresentavaluablerecordofanysociety'spast,butcontroversyariseswhenoldbuildingsstandongroundthatmodernplannersfeelcouldbebetterusedformodernpurposes.Insuchsituations,moderndevelopmentshouldbegivenprecedenceoverthepreservationofhistoricbuildingssothatcontemporaryneedscanbeserved.
Thegreatnessofindividualscanbedecidedonlybythosewholiveafterthem,notbytheircontemporaries.
Thestudyofhistoryplacestoomuchemphasisonindividuals.Themostsignificanteventsandtrendsinhistoryweremadepossiblenotbythefamousfew,butbygroupsofpeoplewhoseidentitieshavelongbeenforgotten.
Thestudyofhistoryhasvalueonlytotheextentthatitisrelevanttoourdailylives.
Whenweconcernourselveswiththestudyofhistory,webecomestorytellers.Becauseswecanneverknowthepastdirectlybutmustconstructitbyinterpretingevidence,exploringhistoryismoreofacreativeenterprisethanitisanobjectivepursuit.Allhistoriansarestorytellers.
Somuchisnewandcomplextodaythatlookingbackforanunderstandingofthepastprovideslittleguidanceforlivinginthepresent.
Thechiefbenefitofthestudyofhistoryistobreakdowntheillusionthatpeopleinoneperiodoftimearesignificantlydifferentfrompeoplewholivedatanyothertimeinhistory.
九艺术类
Imaginativeworkssuchasnovels,plays,films,fairytales,andlegendspresentamoreaccurateandmeaningfulpictureofhumanexperiencethandofactualaccounts.Becausethecreatorsoffictionshapeandfocusonrealityratherthanreportitliterally,theircreationshaveamorelastingsignificance.
Thearts(painting,music,literature,etc.)revealtheotherwisehiddenideasandimpulsesofasociety.
'Itistheartist,notthecritic,'whogivessocie
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