Unit3DiverseCulturesDiscoveringUsefulStructures课件-高中英语人教版2

人教版（2019）必修三Unit3DiverseCulturesDiscoveringUsefulStructuresUnderstandtheuseofellipsisinEnglishLearningobjectivesBytheendofthissection,youwillbeableto:1.findoutthewordsthathavebeenomittedtoavoidrepetitioninsentences;2.grasptheuseofellipsisinEnglish;3.applyellipsisincertaincontext.Lead-inLookandthink.(1)A:I’mhungry.B:Areyou?A:Yeah.Didn’thavelunchtoday.B:Wantsomesandwiches?A:Arethereany?B:Yeah.Justmadesome.(2)A:I’mhungry.B:Areyouhungry?A:Yeah.Ididn’thavelunchtoday.B:Doyouwantsomesandwiches?A:Arethereany?B:Yeah.I’vejustmadesome.Ellipsis(省略)Readthefollowingsentencesandfindthewordsthathavebeenomittedtoavoidrepetition.Presentation1.A:Oh,Ijustlovenachos!Mexicancornchipscoveredincheese!B:Me,too.2.A:Soit’sthefoodofmanydifferentcultures,allinonedish?B:Exactly.3.Arealmixofcultureshere!4.Can’twait!TheyareIlovenachosandtheyareit’sthefoodofmanydifferentcultures,andtheyareallinonedish.ThereisItogothereRewritethesentencesbytakingouttheunnecessaryparts.1.YoumeanyouareplanningatripacrosstheAtlanticforaholiday?Itsoundslikeagoodidea.2.Hetriedtosolvehisfinancialproblems,buthecouldn’tsolvetheproblems.3.Ifitisnecessary,I’llfinishmyreportonAmericanpoetryassoonasitispossible.4.Areyougoingtodresslikethat?Wearingadressmightbebetterthanwearingjeansandboots.5.Somewildmushroomsarepoisonousandsomearenotpoisonous.6.Ireallylikethatpaperfoldingbook,andmysonlikesthatpaperfoldingbook,too.Goodidea.butcouldn’t.Adressmightbebetterthanjeansandboots.Simplesentences:Compoundsentences(并列句):Complexsentences(复合句):1(Questions/Answers)2(but);5(and);6(and)3(ifnecessary);4(than)Ellipsisisoftenusedinpublicsigns,headlines,diaries,notes,orinformalletters.Rewritethesesentencesusingellipsis.1.Takingphotosisnotallowedhere.2.Youshouldnotwalkonthegrass.3.Therewillberoadworksahead.4.Theremaybechildrencrossingtheroadahead.5Thesoonerithappens,thebetteritwillbe.6.AmillionairewaspoisonedinhishomeinBeverlyHills.7.TheplanecrashinColoradolastweekclaimed15lives.8.Thereisanexhibitionoffinechinaatthemuseum.Nophotos.Stay/Keepoffthegrass.Roadworksahead.Childrencrossingahead.Thesooner,thebetter.Millionairepoisoned(inBeverlyHills).Planecrashclaim15lives.Exhibitionoffinechina.WorkbookEllipsis(省略)一、

概述：在英语中，为了使语言简洁、紧凑、重点突出，常常省略句中的一个或多个成分，这种语法现象称为省略。二、分类：1.词法上的省略（1）介词的省略一些与动词、名词或形容词搭配的介词常常可以省略，而保留介词后的V-ing。常见的结构有：havedifficulty/trouble(in)doingsth.；bebusy(in)doingsth.；spendsometime(in)doingsth.；stop/preventsb.(from)doingsth.Theheavyrainpreventedhim(from)arrivingthereontime.

大雨使得他没能按时到达那里。Hespentfourhours(in)reviewinghislessons.

他花了4个小时复习功课。（2）替代性省略在某些情况下，当我们省略掉某个词、词组或句子时，还需要用某个替代词。①

省略的动词或动词加其他成分可以用do来代替。HespeaksEnglishmorefluentlythanyoudo.他说英语比你说得流利。②

在believe,expect,suppose,think和itappears/seems之后，表示同意前面说过的话时可以用so代替单词（形容词、副词）、词组或句子；表示对前面说过的话加以否定时，可以用not或not

...so。—Canyoufinishyourworktoday? 你今天能完成工作吗？—Ithinkso./Idon’tthinkso./Ithinknot. 我认为能。/我认为不能。注意：hope,guess,beafraid的否定形式只能用not的形式，不能用not

...so的形式。—Theboysarenotdoingagoodjobatall,arethey? 这些男孩们工作做得一点儿也不好，是吗？—Iguessnot. 我猜是没做好。③“So/Nor(Neither)+谓语/助动词+主语”这一句型用来替代前面提到的情况，表明它也适用于后者。—Idon’tthinkIcanwalkanyfurther. 我认为我不能再行走了。—NeithercanI.Let’sstophereforarest. 我也不行了。我们在这儿停下来休息一下吧。④

thesame可代替名词词组、形容词词组、从句或比较结构。—Ilostmybikelastmonth. 我上个月把自行车弄丢了。—Thesamehappenedtome. 我也丢了一辆自行车。④

跟在感官动词（词组）see,lookat,hear,listento,watch等和使役动词make,let,have等后面作宾补的不定式（短语）要省略to，但在此类动词（词组）的被动语态中，to不可省略。Theymadetheboygotobedearly.=Theboywasmadeto

gotobedearly.

他们让这个男孩儿早睡。⑤

作介词but,except,besides的宾语，且前面又有实义动词do的任何形式时，后面的不定式（短语）

常省略to。Allhecoulddowasnothingbutwait.他所能做的只有等待。⑥

某些形容词pleased,glad,happy等后面常省略不定式（短语），但to要保留。—Willyoujointhegame? 你愿意参加这个游戏吗？—I’dbegladto. 我愿意。⑦

why/whynot用于特殊疑问句，表示“干吗要/不，为什么要/不”时，后跟省略to的动词不定式（短语）。Whytalksomuchaboutit?

何必大谈这件事呢？2.句法上的省略（1）简单句中的省略①

感叹句中常省略主语和谓语。Whatahotday(itis)!多热的天啊！②

在口语中，某些句子成分可以省略。(Areyou)Ready?准备好了吗？(Isthere)Anythingelsetosay?还有别的要说吗？（2）并列句中的省略①

省略共同的主语或宾语。Allthesestadiumsarestillfunctional,(allthesestadiumsare)stillopenand(allthesestadiumsare)stillhostingthebiggesteventsinworldsport.所有这些体育场馆仍在使用，仍在开放，仍在举办世界体育盛事。②

若主语不同而助动词或情态动词相同，则省略后面的助动词或情态动词。JackmusthavebeenplayingfootballandMary(musthavebeen)doingherhomework.杰克肯定一直在踢足球，玛丽肯定一直在做作业。③

若主语与谓语相同，则省略后面的主语和谓语。Hisadvicemademehappy,but(hisadvicemade)Jimangry.他的建议使我高兴，却使吉姆生气。④

若主语不同，但谓语及后续部分相同，则省略主要动词及后续部分。Iwasborninwinterin2003andBob(wasborninwinter)in2004.我出生于2003年的冬天，而鲍勃出生于2004年的冬天。（3）状语从句中的省略①

在when,while,whenever,till,assoonas,if,unless,asif/asthough,as,whether等引导的状语从句中，

若从句谓语是be动词的某种形式，而从句主语又跟主句的主语相同或从句主语是it时，则从句中

的主语和be动词常被省略。Lookoutforcarswhen(youare)crossingthestreet.横穿街道的时候要当心车辆。Hisopinion,whether(itis)rightorwrong,wouldbeconsidered.他的意见，无论对错，都会被考虑。②

在ifitispossible,whenitisnecessary等类似结构中，itis常可省略。Iwanttoavoidtherushhourtrafficif(itis)possible.

如果可能的话，我想避开交通高峰期。Readthesesentences.Inpairs,decidewhichwordscanbeleftout.Practice1.A:HowcanwemakeItalianvegetablesoup?B:Idon’tknowhowwecanmakeit.2.A:WhendidyougettoFlorence?B:IgottoFlorenceyesterday.3.A:AreyouastudentofEnglishliterature?B:No,thoughIwishIwereastudentofEnglishliterature.4.A:DidhegotoEgypt?B:Hesaidhewouldgo,buthedidn’tgo.5.A:Wouldyouliketotryonthispairofjeans?B:Yes,Iwouldliketotryonthatpairofjeans.B:Idon’tknow.B:Yesterday.B:No,thoughIwishIwere.B:Hesaidhewould,butdidn’t.B:Yes,Iwouldliketo.WorkbookMatchthequestionstothemostlikelyanswers.Noticehowellipsisisusedintheanswers.Questions1.Doyouthinkit’sgoingtorainthisafternoon?____2.Wewerequitesurprisedafterwesawthepaintingsinthegallery.____3.WillyoujoinourtriptoSouthAfrica?____4.WilltheflighttoRometakeoffontime?______5.Wouldyoumindusingadiagramtoexplainthesepercentagestome?____6.HasLilyeverbeentotheLouvreMuseum?____AnswersA.Whyso?B.Notatall.C.Ihopenot.D.I’mafraidnot.E.Maybenot.F.I’dloveto./I’dbegladto.CAFD/EBEWorkbookReadtheconversation.Findoutwhichwordshavebeenleftout.Production,that’scool!WhataresomeplacestovisitinGuizhou?definitelytheHuangguoshuWaterfallisthefirstplacetovisitinGuizhouProvince.Yes,IhaveheardoftheChinesenovelJourneytotheWest.WhydoyouaskifIhaveheardoftheChinesenovelJourneytotheWest?InthebackoftheHuangguoshuWaterfall,...,theMonkeyKingfromJourneytotheWest.That’sreallytrue?It’scool!...diversethanyouthoughtitwas.Thisallsoundsgreat,thanks!ReadGeorge’sfirstdiaryentryandunderlinethepartswhereellipsisisused.Monday,12thJuneArrivedearlythismorningbybus.Wentstraighttohoteltodropoffmyluggage,

shower,andshave.Wentexploringafterwards.Tookarideonacablecarfirst.GotaspectacularviewofSanFranciscoBayandthecity.LearntthatAndrewHallidieinventedthecablecarsystemin1873inordertofindaformoftransportbetterthanhorse-drawntrams.He’dbeenshockedafterseeingaseriesofeventsinwhichatram’sbrakesfailed,theconductorcouldn’tcontrolthesituation,andthetramslippeddownthehilldraggingthehorseswithit.Horribleaccidentindeed!HadalatelunchatFisherman’sWharf,thedistrictwhereItalianfishermenfirstcametoSanFranciscoandsetupthefishingindustry.Nowit’satouristareawithlotsofshops,restaurants,andbakeries.DidsomuchexploringatFisherman’sWharf.Exhaustedanddon’tfeellikedoinganythingelse.Earlynighttonight!_______________________________________________________________WorkbookRevisehisseconddiaryentryusingellipseswhenpossible.Wednesday,14thJuneIhoppedonaferrytoAngelIslandthismorning.IhadagoodviewoftheGoldenGateBridgeontheway.Ireadthatfrom1882to1940,AngelIslandwasafamousimmigrationstationwheremanyChineseimmigrantsappliedtoliveintheUSA.Thecellsinthestationwereverysmall,cold,anddamp;somedidnotevenhavelight,buttheimmigrantshadnowhereelsetogo.Theirmiserablestayfeltlikepunishmentratherthanjusticeandfreedom.Theywrotepoemsonthewallsaboutloneliness,andmournedtheirearlierlifeinChina.Thecivilauthoritiesreformedthesystemin1940,andmanymoreChinesetooktheopportunitytosettleintheUSA.ThevisittoAngelIslandmademethinkaboutmylife.Iamthankfulformyeasylifetoday.WorkbookRevisehisseconddiaryentryusingellipseswhenpossible.Theywrotepoemsonthewallsaboutloneliness,andmournedtheirearlierlifeinChina.Civilauthoritiesreformedthe