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Culture
Someimagescanhelpusunderstandculture.1.CultureislikeanicebergLikely,theicebergmodelofculture
alsoconsistsoftwoparts:thepartabovethewaterandthepartbelowthewater.
ThedoomedfateofTitanic价值观(Values)信仰和宗教(Beliefsandreligion)规范和习惯(Normsandcustoms)社会结构和角色(Socialstructureandroles)教育体系和知识传承(Educationsystemandknowledgetransmission)
ThepartbelowthewaterCompanycultureThebuildings,
Theoffices,Thetables,
Thecoffeebar,ThefashionstyleofacompanyThecorporateculture,Rulesanddisciplines,Therelationshipbetweencolleagues1,4,5,7,102,3,6,8,92.
CultureislikeanonionCultureisalsocomparedtoanonion,becausebotharemultilayered.Cultureislikeanonionwithfourlayers:symbols,heroes,rituals,
andvalues.Symbolsrepresentthemostsuperficiallayerandareeasytoobserve.WordsofdifferentlanguagesdressingofdiverseculturesdifferentnationalflagsThesecond“layeroftheonion”isheroes,referringtothekindofpeoplebeingworshiped.ColumbusConfuciusThethird“layeroftheonion”isrituals,referringtothesociallyessentialcollectiveactivitiesinaculture.
DragonBoatFestival
Mid-autumnFestivalSpringFestivalThe“coreoftheonion”isvalues.Valuesconsistofreligionsandotherbeliefs,suchasBuddhism,Taoism,andBenevolence(仁),Righteousness(义),Courtesy(礼),Wisdom(智),andHonesty(信)inChineseculture.ymbolitualeroalue1,73,84,62,5,93.
DefinitionsofcultureAccordingtotheOxfordEnglishDictionary,cultureis“theartsandothermanifestationsofhumanintellectualachievementregardedcollectively.”Whatelementsdoescultureinclude?Itincludeselementssuchasmusic,art,exhibition,dance,etc.WhenyoutalkaboutPicasso,Beethoven,etc.,youaretalkingaboutculture.ItisthesamewhenyouaretalkingaboutabrandoratrademarksuchasDisneylandandHuawei,whichbelongtoacertainculture.
1.Learningculturethroughproverbs不入虎穴焉得虎子守得云开见月明
Cheatsneverprosper.Cheatsneverprosper!酒香不怕巷子深Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.(勤奋Diligence)Aman’shouseishiscastle.(隐私Privacy)只要功夫深,铁杵磨成针。(勤奋与决心Diligenceanddecisiveness)君子一言,驷马难追。(守诺Keepingapromise)Thestorieseachculturetellstheirpeople,whetherintheformoffolktales,legends,ormyths,areallintendedtoencompassandtransmittheculturefrompersontopersonandfromgenerationtogeneration.2.LearningculturethroughstoriesChengYi(chéngyí程颐)wasaChinesephilosopherborninLuoyangduringtheSongDynasty.HeworkedwithhisolderbrotherChengHao(chénghào程灏).Onaheavysnowyday,therewasayoungmannamedYangShiwenttovisithisteacherChengYi.Hefoundhisteacherwassleepingwhenhearrivedatthehouse.Sohewaitedinthesnowbecausehedidn’twanttowakehisteacherup.Whenhisteacherfinallygotup,thesnowwasverythick.Sincethenpeopleusethisidiomtosaysomeonerespectshisteacher.程门立雪3.LearningculturethroughartTheartisanothermethodofpassingonaculture.Oneofthemostimportantfunctionsofartistocommunicate,display,andreinforceimportantculturalthemesandvalues.《清明上河图》Culturesareconstantlychangingovertime.Someculturesaremoreopenandembracechange;otherstendtoresistit.Fourmajoraspectsaccountforthechangeofcultures:technologicalinvention,disasters,culturalcontact,andenvironmentalfactors.1.TechnologicalinventionBusinesscommunication2.DisastersDisastersincludenaturalandhumancalamities.Naturaldisastersincludeflood,earthquake,volcanoeruption,etc.Someplaguesarealsonaturaldisasters,suchasthe
Plague
ofAthens,theAntoninePlague,theBlackDeath,etc.Theplagues’impactontheancientEuropesuchaspolitics,population,war,psychology,andmedicineisconsiderable.Atthesametime,theplagueshaveahugeandfar-reachingimpactonthedevelopmentofhumansociety.TheAmericanCivilWarHumandisatersChina’sOpiumWars3.CulturalcontactCulturalcontactgiveseachcultureachancetoborrowthingsfromothercultures.4.EnvironmentalfactorsAsforenvironmentalfactors,climates,geographicallocations,andpopulationdensityarealldecidingelementsofculturechanges.echnologicalinventionisastersulturalcontactnviornmentalfactors2,61,34,85,7Inconclusion,cultureisalwayschangingbecausetechnologicalinventions,disasters,culturalcontact,andenvironmentalfactorscannotbeavoidedintheworld.Asglobalcitizens,weneedtoadapttoculturalchangesandseekopportunitiestodevelopourselves.Culturalidentityisgenerallyrelatedtonationalityandethnicity.However,somepeoplemaygetconfusedabouttheirculturalidentitywhentheygrowupinamulticulturalbackground.teachermotherdaughterwife1.CulturalidentityCulturalidentityreferstoone’ssenseofbelongingtoaparticularcultureorethnicgroup.
2.FormationofculturalidentityTheachievementofculturalidentityThesearchforculturalidentity
UnexaminedculturalidentityStage1:UnexaminedculturalidentityOne’sculturalcharacteristicsaretakenforgranted,andoneshowslittleinterestinexploringculturalissues.
(AMexicanAmerican)“Myparentstellmeaboutwheretheylived,butwhatdoIcare?I’veneverlivedthere.”(AEuropeanAmerican)“Idon’thaveaculture.I’mjustanAmerican.”Stage2:ThesearchforculturalidentityPeopleinacertainclutureexploreandquestion
theircultureinordertolearnmoreaboutit.
“Ithinkpeopleshouldknowwhatblackpeoplehadtogothroughtogettowherewearenow.”“Therearealotofnon-JapanesepeoplearoundmeanditgetsprettyconfusingtodecidewhoIam.”“MycultureisimportantandIamproudofwhatIam.Japanesepeoplehavesomuchtooffer.”Stage3:TheachievementofculturalidentityTheachievementofculturalidentityischaracterizedbytheclear,confidentacceptanceofoneselfandtheinternalizationofone’sculturalidentity.
“Itusedtobeconfusingtome,butit’sclearnow.I’mhappybeingblack.”SomeaboriginesinAustraliaalsoidentifywiththeirnativeculturesuccessfully.Themanrunningtheartclubthinksthatpeopleshouldbeproudofthemselves.Thisisasenseofbelongingtoacertainculture.UnexaminedculturalidentityThesearchforculturalidentityTheachievementofculturalidentity312TheTrumanShowCulturalidentity
isveryimportantforpeople.Itisthe
central,
dynamic,andmultifacetedcomponentofone’sself-concept.Thesequalitiesarethethreemajorcharacteristicsofculturalidentity.TTTFTBCCCaseanalysisHowtoanalyzeacase?Caseanalysisisaveryimportantteachingmethodininterculturalbusinesscommunication.Therearefivemoves:Summary:Summarizethecasewithin100words.Theory:Choosetheinterculturaltheoryyoumayuse.Explanationtotheory:Explainthetheory.Relatingtheorytocase:Applythetheorytothecaseanalysis.Solutionorevaluation:Providesolutionstotheproblemsorevaluatethecase.
SummaryBecauseofthesuccessoftheDisneythemeparkinJapan,whosecultureisverydifferentfromthatoftheUnitedStates,thecompanysawnoreasontochangeittoadapttotheEuropeanculture.Butinfact,EuroDisneyinFranceprovedtobeunsuccessful,becauseitfailedtodoitsculturalhomeworkoneverythingfromFrenchbusinessnegotiatingstylestoemployeeflexibilityanddresshabitstoconsumerspendingpatternsandeatingpreferences.TheoryTheicebergmodel:Cultureislikeaniceberg.ExplanationtotheoryTheicebergmodelfocusesontheelementsthatmakeupculture.Someoftheseelementsarevisible,whereasothersarehardtodiscover.Thatistosay,onlyaverysmallportionoftheicebergcanbeseenabovethewater,andthelowerpartisthepowerfulfoundation.So,itisdifficulttounderstandpeoplewithdifferentculturalbackground.RelatingtheorytocaseTheicebergmodelimpliesthatthevisiblepartsofculturearejustexpressionsofitsinvisibleparts.ThecompanymadeFrenchpeopleangry,becauseitsbehaviorreflectedtheignoranceoftheinvisiblepartsofFrenchculture,suchasusinglawyersratherthanitsexecutivestonegotiateconstructionandothercontractsforEuroDisney,whichwasasignofmistrustandbackhandrejectiono
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