复合句一-主语从句

5/15英语复合句讲解复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。主句是全句的主体，往往可以独立存在；而从句仅是句子的一个成分，故不能独立存在，必须有一个关联词引导。从句按其在复合句中的作用,分为。1、定语从句（形容词从句）2、名词从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）

3、状语从句（副词性从句，包括时间，地点，结果，目的，原因等）主语从句一．在复合句中充当主语成分的句子叫做主语从句。二.主语从句主要有三类：

（1）由连词that引导的主语从句:引导词that无含义,在句中不做成分,不可以省。

例如：Thatyouwillwinthemedalseemsunlikely.

你想获得奖牌看起来是不可能的。

Thatyouaresoindifferentbothersme.

你如此冷淡使我很烦恼。

Thatshesurvivedtheaccidentisamiracle.

她在事故中幸免于难简直是奇迹。（2）用连词whether引导的主语从句:whether有含义(是否)例如：Whethersheiscomingornotdoesn’tmattertoomuch.

她来不来都无关紧要。（3）用连接代词引导的主语从句(在由连接代词who,whose,whom,which,what,whoever,whomever,whichever,whatever引导的名词性从句中，其连接代词在句中起名词性作用，担当一定成分).

例如：Whatyouneedismorepractice.你所需要的是更多的训练。

WhatIwanttoknowisthis.我想知道的就是这事。

Whateverwedoistoservethepeople.我们无论做什么都是为人民服务。（4）用连接副词when,where,why,how引导的名词性从句(其连接副词有含义,在句中作状语。)例如:Whereweshouldleaveisaproblem.我们什么时候离开还是一个问题。Whentheywillcomehasn’tbeenmadepublic.他们什么时候来还不知道。三.注意点:1.it做形式主语,而将主语从句放在句末（尤其是当谓语较短时）。

例如：Thatlighttravelsinstraightlinesisknowntoall.

光沿直线传播，这是众所周知的事。

=Itisknowntoallthatlighttravelsinstraightlines.

众所周知光沿直线传播。

Whentheplaneistotakeoffhasnotbeenannounced.

飞机何时起飞还没有宣布。

=Ithasnotbeenannouncedwhentheplaneistotakeoff.

还没有宣布飞机何时起飞。四，固定用法和译法

（1）Itis+名词+从句

Itisafactthat…事实是……

Itisgoodnewsthat………是好消息

Itisaquestionthat………是个问题

Itiscommonknowledgethat………是常识

类似的名词还有：apity；awonder；agoodthing；nowonder；surprise等。

例如：Itisamysterytomehowithappened.

这一切是怎么发生的是个谜。

Itiscommonknowledgethatthewhaleisnotafish.

鲸鱼不是鱼，这是常识。

ItisnosurprisethatBobwillwinthegame.

鲍勃会赢得这场比赛，这不足为奇。

（2）Itis+形容词+从句

Itisnecessarythat…有必要……

Itisclearthat…很清楚……

Itislikelythat…很可能……

Itisimportantthat…重要的是……

类似的形容词还有：strange;natural;obvious;true;good;wonderful;possible;unlikely;quite;unusual;certain;evident;surprising;interesting;astonishing,etc.

例如：

Itisdoubtfulwhethershewillbeabletocome.

她是否能来令人怀疑。

Itwasreallyastonishingthatherefusedtotalktoyou.

他拒绝和你说话真是令人惊讶。

Itisessentialthatheshouldbeherebytheweekend.

周末之前，他应该到这里是必要的。

Itseemsobviousthatwecannotgoonlikethis.

很明显我们不能这样下去了。（3）Itis+过去分词+从句

Itissaidthat…据说……

Itisreportedthat…据报道……

Ithasbeenprovedthat…已证明……

Itmustbepointedoutthat…必须指出……

类似的过去分词还有：known;estimated;expected;believed;thought;hoped;required;suggested;demanded;madeclear;

例如：Itisthoughtthatheisthebestplayer.大家都认为他是最好的选手。

Itisestimatedthatthevaseis2000yearsold.据估计这个花瓶有2000年的历史。

Ithasnotbeenmadeclearwhenthenewroadistobeopened还没弄清楚这条路将开始通车。

ItdoesnotmatterifImissedmytrain,becausethereisanotheronelater.

没有赶上这趟火车没有关系，稍晚还有一趟。

IthappenedthatIsawhimyesterday.碰巧我昨天看见他了。六.只用whether不用if引导主语从句.e

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21.____wantstostayinahotelhastopaytheirownway.(浙江2008)A.AnyoneB.TheoneC.WhoeverD.Who22.____mattersmostinlearningEnglishisenoughpractice.(2007全国卷Ⅱ)A.WhatB.WhyC.WhereD.Which23.____fashiondiffersfromcountrytocountrymayreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect.(上海2002春)A.WhatB.ThatC.ThisD.Which24.____we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.(NMET1996)A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where【巩固练习】1.__________________________________hasn’tbeendecidedyet.(pick)谁将去接他还没有确定。2.__________________________________remainsunknown.(finish)我们是否能按时完成工作还不知道3._____________________________________isnoneofmybusiness.(like)你不喜欢他与我无关。4._________________________________________isbeingdiscussed.(abroad)他将何时出国正在讨论之中。5.____________________________inlearningEnglishisenoughpractice.(matter)英语学习中最重要的是足够的练习。6.Itworriedherabit______________________________________________.(turn)她的头发正在变白让她有些担忧。7.AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,whatourastronautsdesiretodo______________________________.(walk)杨利伟成功地环绕地球后，我们的宇航员所想做的是在太空漫步。8.________________________________________shouldbepunished.(break)任何违法的人都应该被惩罚。9.______________________________wecanlearnfourforeignlanguagesatthesametime.(seem)我们能同时学四门外语似乎不可能。10._______________________________wasthatmorethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtothekeyuniversities.真题：1、

TheForeignMinistersaid,“______ourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace.”A.Thisis

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AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,_____ourastronautsdesiretodoiswalkinspace.

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D.What7、________mattersmuch________theheadmastersupportsouractivity.A．It;whether

B．What;whetherC．As;that

D．That;if8、________isknowntousallisthattheChinesegovernmenthassparednoeffortstoprotectpeoplefromfakefood.A．AsB．It

C．ThatD．What9、________PremierWenJiabaovisitedtheUnitedStatesledtothecloserrelationshipbetweenthetwocountries.A．Which

B．WhatC．That

D．As10、Itisobvioustothestudents________theyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheirfuture.A．as

B．whichC．whether

D．that11、Itisuncertain________sideeffectthemedicinewillbringabout，althoughabouttwothousandpatientshavetakenit.A.that

B.what

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D.whether12、Thevillagershavealreadyknown______we'lldoistorebuildthebridge.A．this

B．thatC．what

D．which13、Itisstillunderdiscussion________theoldbusstationshouldbereplacedwithamodernhotelornot.A．whether

B．whenC．which

D．where14、________BarbaraJonesofferstoherfansishonestyandhappiness.A.Which

B.WhatC.That

D.Whom15、Itwasneverclear________themanhadn'treportedtheaccidentsooner.A.that

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D.whyI.用适当的词填空，使句子意思完整。1.______hedidn’tattendthemeetingyesterdaywasn’tquiteclear.2.TheForeignMinistersaid,“Itisourhope______thetwosideswillworktowardspeace.”3.______teamwillwinthematchisstillunknown.4.______comestothepartywillreceiveapresent.5.______Maryhasleftisstillaquestion.6.It’sreported______threepeoplewerekilledintheaccidentandfivewerehurtbadly.7.______hesolvedtheproblemsuccessfullyinterestedallofus.8.Weusuallythink______wecan’tgetseemsbetterthanwhatwehave.9.Itisafact______Englishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.10.______istobesenttheretosolvetheproblemhasn’tbeendecided.II.下列各句中均有一处错误，请改正。1.Thattheoldman’ssonwantedtoknowwaswherethegoldhadbeenhidden.2.ItisreportedwhenChinahassuccessfullysentShenzhouVIspaceshipintospace.3.Ifhecanfinishhistaskontimeisofgreatimportance.4.Whetherthe2008OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingexcitedthewholenation.5.AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,whichourastronautsdesiretodoiswalkinspace.6.Whateverleavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.7.Whytheywillsolvetheseriousproblemtodayhasnotbeendecided.8.WhenwillwintheEnglishcompetitionisstillaproblem.9.Howourspringsportsmeetwillbeheldornotthisweekisnotknownyet.10.It’sstrangewhenheshouldhavegoneawaywithouttellingus.1.Lighttravelsfasterthansoundiscommonknowledge.2.Ifshe’scomingornotdoesn’tmattermuch.3.Thattheprofessorsaidisofgreatimportance.4.Wherewillthetreesbeplantedhasnotbeendecided.5.Nomatterwhobreakstherulewillbepunished.6.Whenandwherethemeetingwillbeheldstillremainaquestion.7.Whatwereyourproblemsayearagohasnowbecomemine.8.Itwasrequestedthateveryonemadeaspeechatthemeeting.1、D。此句为it放在句首作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。2、B。考查主语从句。从句中动词do缺少宾语，故选what，what引导的从句在句中作主语。3、B4、B5、

【解析】C.考查主语从句，并在主语从句中作fear的宾语what的用法。6、C7、A解析：it是形式主语，真正的主语是whether引导的从句。句意：校长是否支持我们的活动很重要。故选A项。8、D解析：what在这里引导主语从句，选D项。此题要注意分析句子结构，如果题目改为：①________isknowntousall,theChinesegovernmenthassparednoeffortstoprotectpeoplefromfakefood.该句空处应用As,As引导非限制性定语从句；②________isknowntousallthattheChinesegovernmenthassparednoeffortstoprotectpeoplefromfakefood.该句空处则应用It,It作形式主语。9、C解析：句意：温家宝总理访问美国让两国之间的关系更加密切。“ThatPremierWenJiabaovisitedtheUnitedStates”是主语从句，that在从句中只起连词作用，不作句子成分，本身没有词义，但是不可省略。10、D解析：it是形式主语，代替后面的主语从句。主语从句结构完整，故用that引导。that在主语从句中不作成分，但不能省略。11、B解析：句意：尽管大约有两千名病人已经服用了这种药物，但是它会产生什么样的副作用现在还不能确定。根据句意可知应该选择B项引导主语从句。what在这里实际上是作为形容词来修饰后面的“sideeffect副作用”。一起作从句中bringabout的宾语。12、C解析：句意：村民们已经知道我们要重建这座桥。分析句子结构可知，known后跟宾语从句，省略了连接词that。此宾语从句中又包含一个主语从句，主语从句中do缺少宾语，所以用what引导该从句作整个宾语从句的主语，答案为C项。13、A解析：whether“是否”；when“当……时候”；which“哪一个”；where“哪儿”。句意：旧车站是否要被现代化的旅馆所代替仍在讨论中。根据句意可知选A项。14、B解析：句意：“巴巴拉·琼斯给予她粉丝的是诚实和快乐。”“________BarbaraJonesofferstoherfans”在句中作主语，为主语从句。what引导主语从句并且在从句中作offers的宾语，故选B项。which表示“哪一个”；whom表示“谁”。均不符合句意。15、D解析：句意：这名男子没有早点报