冲刺2024年高考英语真题重组卷022

冲刺2024年高考英语真题重组卷（天津专用）真题重组卷02第Ⅰ卷注意事项:1.每小题选出答案后,用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。2.本卷共55小题,共95分。第一部分:英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节:单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。例:Standoverthere______you’llbeabletoseeitbetter.A.orB.andC.butD.while答案是B。1．（2022·天津·高考真题）________gardeningmaybehardphysicalwork,thosewholoveitfinditveryrelaxingmentally.A．Although B．Once C．Since D．Unless【答案】A【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然园艺有可能是艰难的体力工作，但是对于那些热爱园艺的人来讲，它却是脑力上的放松。A.Although尽管；B.Once一……就……；C.Since自从；D.Unless除非。由语意可知，“园艺是项艰难的体力工作”与“对于热爱园艺的人而言，园艺工作是脑力上的放松”之间是让步关系，所以此处应用连词although表让步。故选A项。2．（2022·天津·高考真题）Criticalreasoning,togetherwithproblemsolving,________teenagerstomakebetterdecisions.A．prepare B．preparesC．ispreparing D．arepreparing【答案】B【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：批判性推理和解决问题的能力有助于青少年做出更好的决定。短语togetherwith/alongwith/aswellas,etc连接两个并列的名词或代词做主语时谓语动词的数由该结构前的名词或代词决定，句子主语为Criticalreasoning，谓语动词应用单数形式，此处为客观陈述，应用一般现在时。故选B项。3．（2021·天津·高考真题）—Iwastryingtoplaceanorderonyourwebsite,butIfailed.________.Icantakeyourorderoverthephone.A．That’sfine B．Noway C．Mypleasure D．Ofcourse【答案】A【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我想在你们的网站上下订单，但是我失败了。——我可以通过帮您点餐。A.That’sfine没关系；B.Noway不行，没门；C.Mypleasure不客气；D.Ofcourse当然。根据“Icantakeyourorderoverthephone”可知，此处表示没有关系。故选A。4．（2021·天津·高考真题）Markisagenius.Bythetimehegraduated,he________jobsbyadozenputerpanies.A．hasoffered B．hasbeenofferedC．hadoffered D．hadbeenoffered【答案】D【详解】考查过去完成时的被动语态。句意：马克是个天才。到他毕业的时候，已经有十几家电脑公司给他提供了工作机会。该句是复合句，含Bythetime引导的时间状语从句，主句动作先于从句动作，且主句主语he和谓语动词offer之间是被动关系，是过去完成时的被动语态。故选D。5．（2020·天津·高考真题）—Youareagreatswimmer.—Thanks.It’sbecauseI______alotthesedays.A．havebeenpractising B．waspractisingC．wouldpractise D．hadpractised【答案】A【详解】考查时态。句意:你游泳很棒。谢谢。这是因为这些天我一直在练习。根据时间状语thesedays(这些天)可知，“练习游泳”从数天前开始，一直持续到现在，因此该句应用现在完成进行时态。故选A。6．（2020·天津·高考真题）AccordingtoProfessorJohnson,wedon’thavetoreadthebookifwedon’twantto,asitis______.A．worthwhile B．necessary C．optional D．serious【答案】C【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:根据约翰逊教授的说法，如果我们不想读这本书，就不必读，因为它是可选择的。A.worthwhile值得的；B.necessary必要的；C.optional可选择的，选修的；D.serious严肃的，认真的。根据“wedon’thavetoreadthebookifwedon’twantto”可知，这本书读不读都可以，由此可知，它是“可选择的”。故选C。7．（2019·天津·高考真题）Astudyshowsthestudentswhoareengagedinafterschoolactivitiesarehappierthan_________whoarenot.A．ones B．thoseC．these D．them【答案】B【详解】考查代词。句意：一项研究表明，参加课外活动的学生比不参加课外活动的学生更开心。空格处代词与thestudents是对应关系，可以用theones或者those替代。“them”指代的是前边提到的复数名词，不能与thestudents形成对应关系。“these”一般不用定语从句修饰。故选B。8．（2019·天津·高考真题）________alltheproblems,severaloftheplayersproducedexcellentperformances.A．Accordingto B．InsteadofC．Inadditionto D．Inspiteof【答案】D【详解】考查介词词组。句意：尽管存在所有这些问题，几个运动员还是表现很好。A.accordingto据(……所说)；按(……所报道)；B.insteadof代替，作为……的替换；C.inadditionto另外，加之，除……之外；D.inspiteof尽管，不管。前后形成让步关系，故选D。9．（2019·天津·高考真题）Wecanobservethatartificialintelligencehasalreadymadea(n)________onourlivesinmanyways.A．statement B．impactC．impression D．judgment【答案】B【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们可以观察到人工智能已经在许多方面已经对我们的生活产生了影响。A.statement陈述说明；B.impact影响，效果；C.impression印象；D.judgment判断。故选B符合语境。10．（2019·天津·高考真题）Theprofessorwarnedthestudentsthatonnoaccount________usemobilephonesinhisclass.A．shouldthey B．theyshouldC．darethey D．theydare【答案】A【详解】考查部分倒装和情态动词。句意：这位教授警告学生们，在他的课堂上，决不应该使用。onnoaccount意为“决不”，否定词放在句首，句子使用部分倒装，排除B、D项；这里表示应该，故选A。11．（2020·天津·高考真题）IneverworriedaboutmysonwhileIwasawaybecausemymother______him.A．drankatoastto B．playedajokeonC．keptaneyeon D．madeanapologyto【答案】C【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:我不在的时候从不担心我的儿子，因为我母亲会照看他。A.drankatoastto为……干杯；B.playedajokeon开……的玩笑；C.keptaneyeon照看，留意，密切注视；D.madeanapologyto向……道歉。因为母亲会“照看”我的儿子，所以“我”不在的时候从来不担心孩子。C选项符合语境，故选C。12．（2020·天津·高考真题）WeofferedtogiveSharonaridehome,butshe______,sayingthatshefeltlikewalking.A．understood B．accepted C．promised D．declined【答案】D【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们提出Sharon回家，但她拒绝了，说她想步行回去。A.understood

理解；B.accepted接受；C.promised妥协；D.declined谢绝。根据“sayingthatshefeltlikewalking”可知，Sharon想自己回家，所以她“谢绝”了我们的提议。故选D。13．（2020·天津·高考真题）Thestudentpletedthisexperimenttomakeetrue______ProfessorJosephhadsaid.A．that B．what C．when D．where【答案】B【详解】考查名词性从句。句意:为了使约瑟夫教授所说的成为现实，这个学生完成了这个实验。_________ProfessorJosephhadsaid作make的宾语从句，该从句中，空处在从句中作said的宾语，表示”……所说的话”，因此应用what引导该从句。故选B。14．（2022·天津·高考真题）Thechildrenfailedtohidetheirdisappointmentwhentheyfoundouttheschool________theparty.A．cancels B．willcancelC．hascancelled D．hadcancelled【答案】D【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：当孩子们发现学校取消了派对时，他们无法掩饰他们的失望。结合句意可知，学校取消派对发生在前，孩子无法掩饰失望发生在后，故从句的cancel为“过去的过去”，需要用过去完成时态。故选D项。15．（2021·天津·高考真题）Thepolicesearchedtheareaforseveraldays.________,theyfoundthepieceofevidencetheywerelookingfor.A．Generally B．OriginallyC．Eventually D．Unfortunately【答案】C【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：警察在这一地区搜查了好几天。最终，他们找到了他们一直在努力寻找的证据。A.Generally通常，普遍地；B.Originally起初，原来，独创地；C.Eventually最终；D.Unfortunately不幸地。分析句意，警察一直在努力找证据，努力有了结果，最终找到了，故选C。第二节:完形填空(共20小题:每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从16~35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。（2021·天津·高考真题）MybrotherandIareexactlyoneyearapart.Welookliketwins,butwearepletely16.Bythetimewegottomiddleschoolitwasclearthatmyolderbrother17meditation(冥想),whileIwasaborn18whopreferredthetheatrical,evenwhenoffstage.Itookhisrelativesilencetobeoffensive.Wesimplydidn't19.Ididn't20havingatenserelationshipwithmybrotherbecauseIwasinvolvedatschool.21,Ithrewmyselfintotheworldofmusicals.Ipractisedsinginginthebedroomeverydaytoremainatmybestandbe22forroles;mybrotherwouldmeditateonawindowseat.Hemightfeelhighschoolwasalreadyhardenough23mynoisysinging.Sospacetopractisebecamea（n）24betweenusbecausewesharedaroom.Atthestartofthesemester,Ipractised“CircleofLife"foramusical.ThiswasthefirsttimeI25tolearnasong,becausemyvoicecracked(破音)asIswitchedtoaheadvoice.Iwasannoyedinthatperiodand26practising,declaringIhadreachedtheceilingofmysingingcareer.Forthefirsttimeinyearsmybrother27quietwhenIgothome.Aftertwodaysofthis,mybrotheraskedmeto28himinmeditation.Feelingmyangeratmyinabilitytomanagethissong29,Iaccepted.Mybrothersaid,"Whenyourmindfloatsaway,yousimplyeback.Don'tblameyourself"Igotthemessage,anditsoonbecamemynew30.Ikepttryingatthesong,nolongergetting31atmyself.Andjustintimeforthetrialperformance,Iwasableto32powerinmysingingdespitetheswitchtoaheadvoice.Itwasimportantformetolearnthatyoudon'thavetoalwaysgeteverything33thefirsttimeandthatgoodthingsewithcontinual34.Inowunderstandwhymybrotherfavoursthe35.16．A．mature B．different C．content D．normal17．A．disliked B．preferred C．replaced D．abandoned18．A．writer B．leader C．painter D．performer19．A．getalong B．dropby C．showoff D．checkin20．A．try B．mind C．enjoy D．delay21．A．Inparticular B．Invain C．Inreturn D．Intheory22．A．humorous B．ordinary C．petitive D．grateful23．A．above B．below C．near D．without24．A．issue B．contrast C．agreement D．balance25．A．struggled B．expected C．promised D．decided26．A．began B．allowed C．stopped D．continued27．A．hated B．experienced C．accepted D．wanted28．A．help B．invite C．join D．admire29．A．gracefully B．suddenly C．fiercely D．cautiously30．A．limit B．sentence C．mistake D．philosophy31．A．rude B．angry C．surprised D．excited32．A．lose B．share C．reduce D．maintain33．A．wrong B．right C．back D．down34．A．luck B．absence C．effort D．fear35．A．fight B．noise C．quiet D．safety【答案】16．B17．B18．D19．A20．B21．A22．C23．D24．A25．A26．C27．B28．C29．A30．D31．B32．D33．B34．C35．C【分析】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者喜欢表演，哥哥喜欢冥想，二者性格爱好完全不同，关系紧张。在作者遭遇失败时，哥哥教给他冥想，作者从中悟出了做事的哲理，取得了成功。16．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们看起来像双胞胎，但实际上我们是完全不同的。A.mature成熟的；B.different不同的；C.content满意的；D.normal正常的。根据下文“myolderbrother____2____meditation(冥想),whileIwasaborn____3____whopreferredthetheatrical,”哥哥喜欢冥想而作者喜欢表演，前后对比可知二者性格不同。故选B。17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：到我们上中学的时候，很明显，我哥哥更喜欢冥想，而我是一个天生的表演者，喜欢戏剧，即使是在舞台下。A.disliked不喜欢；B.preferred更喜欢；C.replaced取代；D.abandoned抛弃，放弃。根据句中对比的内容“whileIwasaborn____3____whopreferredthetheatrical”和preferred呼应，可知哥哥更喜欢冥想。故选B。18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：到我们上中学的时候，很明显，我哥哥更喜欢冥想，而我是一个天生的表演者，喜欢戏剧，即使是在舞台下。A.writer作家；B.leader领导者；C.painter画家；D.performer表演者。根据“thetheatrical,evenwhenoffstage.”和下文的“intimeforthetrialperformance”可知作者喜欢表演。故选D。19．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们就是合不来。A.getalong相处，进展；B.dropby顺便拜访；C.showoff炫耀；D.checkin登记，报到。根据上句“Itookhisrelativesilencetobeoffensive.”及下文“atenserelationshipwithmybrother”作者和哥哥性格和爱好不同，作者甚至认为哥哥相对沉默是一种冒犯，可知两人相处地不好，关系紧张。故选A。20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不介意和我哥哥关系紧张，因为我在学校很忙。A.try试图，努力；B.mind介意；C.enjoy欣赏，享受；D.delay推迟，延误。根据句中“becauseIwasinvolvedatschool.”和下文“Ipractisedsinginginthebedroomeveryday”可知在学校很忙，在家依然我行我素，并不介意和哥哥的关系。故选B。21．考查介词短语辨析。句意：特别是，我全身心地投入了音乐剧的世界。A.Inparticular尤其，特别；B.Invain徒劳；C.Inreturn作为回报；D.Intheory理论上。根据上文“preferredthetheatrical”和下文“Ipractisedsinginginthebedroomeveryday”可知作者非常喜欢音乐。故选A。22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我每天在卧室里练习唱歌，以保持最佳状态，争取角色；我哥哥会坐在靠窗的座位上冥想。A.humorous幽默的；B.ordinary普通的，平常的；C.petitive竞争的；D.grateful感激的。根据“Ipractisedsinginginthebedroomeveryday”作者每天练习，可知竞争很激烈。故选C。23．考查介词词义辨析。句意：就算没有我吵闹的歌声，他也会觉得高中已经够难的了。A.above超过，在……之上；B.below在……下面；C.near在……附近；D.without没有。哥哥经常冥想，作者认为即使没有自己吵闹的歌声，哥哥也会觉得高中很难。故选D。24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以练习的空间成了我们之间的问题，因为我们共用一个房间。A.issue问题，发行；B.contrast对比，差异；C.agreement同意，一致；D.balance平衡。根据上文“atenserelationshipwithmybrother”和句中“wesharedaroom.”可知练习唱歌的空间是作者和哥哥之间的问题。故选A。25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我第一次费劲地学歌，因为当我切换到头音时，我的声音嘶哑了。A.struggled奋斗，努力；B.expected预期，盼望；C.promised允诺，许诺；D.decided决定。根据“myvoicecracked(破音)asIswitchedtoaheadvoice”可知作者学歌很费劲。故选A。26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那段时间里，我很恼火，停止了练习，宣称自己已经达到了歌唱事业的顶峰。A.began开始；B.allowed允许，准许；C.stopped停止；D.continued继续。根据下文“mybrother____12____quietwhenIgothome.”家里安静了，可知作者停止了练习唱歌。故选C。27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我回家时，哥哥多年来第一次感到安静。A.hated厌恶；B.experienced体验，经历；C.accepted接受；D.wanted想要。因为作者停止在家唱歌了，哥哥体验到了家里的安静。故选B。28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样过了两天，我哥哥要我和他一起冥想。A.help帮助；B.invite邀请；C.join参加；D.admire钦佩。根据下文“Iaccepted”可知哥哥让作者和他一起冥想，作者同意了。故选C。29．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我觉得自己无法优美地驾驭这首歌很生气，于是就接受了。A.gracefully优美地，优雅地；B.suddenly突然；C.fiercely猛烈地；D.cautiously谨慎地。根据下文“Iwasableto____17____powerinmysingingdespitetheswitchtoaheadvoice.”可知作者想优美地驾驭这首歌。故选A。30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我明白了这个意思，它很快就成为了我的新哲学。A.limit限度；B.sentence句子，判决；C.mistake错误；D.philosophy哲学。根据下文“Itwasimportantformetolearnthatyoudon'thavetoalwaysgeteverything____18____thefirsttimeandthatgoodthingsewithcontinual____19____.”可知作者把哥哥的话作为自己的哲学。故选D。31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我一直试着唱这首歌，不再生自己的气了。A.rude粗鲁的；B.angry生气的；C.surprised吃惊的；D.excited兴奋的。与上文“Iwasannoyedinthatperiod和myangeratmyinability”呼应，可知作者开始因为自己唱不好生气，现在想明白了，不生气了。故选B。32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在试演的时候，尽管换了头音，我还是能保持唱歌的能力。A.lose丢失；B.share分享；C.reduce减少；D.maintain保持。根据句中“wasableto”和下文“goodthingsewith”可知作者成功保持了唱歌的能力。故选D。33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，重要的是要知道，你不必总是在第一次就把每件事都做正确，好的事情总是伴随着不断的努力而来。A.wrong错误的；B.right正确的；C.back后面的；D.down情绪低落的。根据作者的经历和常识可知，第一次做事不一定能做好。故选B。34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，重要的是要知道，你不必总是在第一次就把每件事都做正确，好的事情总是伴随着不断的努力而来。A.luck运气；B.absence缺席；C.effort努力；D.fear害怕，担心。根据上文“Ipractisedsinginginthebedroomeveryday”和“Ikepttryingatthesong”可知只有不断努力才能成功。故选C。35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我现在明白我哥哥为什么喜欢安静了。A.fight斗争，打架；B.noise噪音；C.quiet安静，和平；D.safety安全。根据上文“myolderbrother____2____meditation”“mybrotherwouldmeditateonawindowseat.”可知哥哥喜欢冥想，喜欢安静。故选C。第二部分:阅读理解(共20小题:每少题2.5分,满分50分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。A（2022·天津·高考真题）Gettingintocollegeisabigstepforhighschoolgraduates,anditeswithalotofchanges.Formoststudents,it’sthefirsttimethey’relivingawayfromhomeandmanagingtheirownlife.Notsurprisingly,adaptingtothisnewlifestylecanbechallenging.Thefollowingfourtipswillmakehighschoolgraduatesbetterpreparedforcollegelife.GoalsettingWhensettinggoals,whetherthey’reacademic,career,orpersonal,remembertheyshouldbeattainablebutnottooeasy,sothatyoureallyhavetopushyourselftoachievethem,andfeelrewardedwhenyoudo.Writingdownyourgoalsandbreakingdowneachhuge,longtermgoalintosmallermorepracticalonescanhelpmakeitfeelmorereal,andwritingoutaplanforachievingitcangiveyouaroadmaptosuccess.InterpersonalskillsAtcollege,youwillinteractwithfellowstudents,professors,librarians,andmanyothers.Stronginterpersonalskillswillhelpyoubuildrelationshipsduringthistime,andgetmoreoutofthem.Ifyoufeelthatyourinterpersonalskillsneedsomework,practiceaskingthoughtfulquestionsandlisteningclosely,developyourunderstandingbyputtingyourselfinsomeoneelse’sshoes,andenhanceyourselfconfidence.StudyingWithfewerinclasshoursandmoreonyourownlearning,you’rerequiredtoreallydigestlearningmaterialratherthansimplymemorizefacts.Tobesuccessfulincollegeyou’llneedtolearnhowtointegratelargeamountsofinformationobtainedthroughreading,doresearch,andwritepapers.Organizationisthekey,soifyouarenotsomeonewhoisnaturallyorganized,setupyourstudyschedule.BudgetingManagingmoneyisacriticallifeskill,andformany,itisatcollegethattheydevelopitforthefirsttime.Startbyestimatingyourfinancialbalance.Thengivehighprioritytotheexpensesonbasicneedsanddeterminehowmuchmoneytosetasideeverymonthtocoverthosecosts.Don’tforgetaboutsavings…andthefunstuff(movies,dinnersout),too.36．Whoisthispassagemostprobablywrittenfor?A．Collegeteachers.B．Universitygraduates.C．Highschoolteachers.D．Wouldbecollegestudents.37．Whatistheauthor’ssuggestionforreachingahugegoal?A．Divideitintosmaller,moreachievableones.B．Rewardoneselfforeachgoalonehasset.C．Purchaseaclear,updatedroadmap.D．Pushoneselftoanupperlevel.38．Oneofthesuggestedwaystoenhanceyourinterpersonalskillsisto________.A．prepareplicatedquestionsB．tryonsomeoneelse’sshoesC．listentootherscarefullyD．takeadvantageofothers39．Whatisthekeytosuccessfulcollegestudyaccordingtotheauthor?A．Beingwellorganized.B．Beingwellinformed.C．Effectivereadingskills.D．Reliableresearchmethods.40．Tolearnhowtomanagemoney,thefirstthingtodois________.A．savemoneyforfinancialinvestmentB．estimateone’sineandexpensesC．setasidemoneyforfunactivitiesD．openapersonalbankaccount【答案】36．D37．A38．C39．A40．B【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了高中毕业生如何为大学生活做更好准备的四个技巧。36．推理判断题。根据第一段中的首句“Gettingintocollegeisabigstepforhighschoolgraduates,anditeswithalotofchanges.(对于高中毕业生来说，进入大学是一大步，它带来了很多变化。)”和最后一句“Thefollowingfourtipswillmakehighschoolgraduatesbetterpreparedforcollegelife.(以下四个技巧将使高中毕业生为大学生活做好更好的准备。)”可知，该文主要针对于高中毕业生的。故选D项。37．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Writingdownyourgoalsandbreakingdowneachhuge,longtermgoalintosmallermorepracticalonescanhelpmakeitfeelmorereal,andwritingoutaplanforachievingitcangiveyouaroadmaptosuccess.(写下你的目标，把每个巨大的长期目标分解成更小、更实际的目标，可以帮助它感觉更真实，写出一个实现它的计划可以给你一个成功的路线图。)”可知，作者建议学生要将宏大的计划拆分成一个个细小的可实现的计划。故选A项。38．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Ifyoufeelthatyourinterpersonalskillsneedsomework,practiceaskingthoughtfulquestionsandlisteningclosely,developyourunderstandingbyputtingyourselfinsomeoneelse’sshoes,andenhanceyourselfconfidence.(如果你觉得你的人际交往能力需要一些工作，练习提出深思熟虑的问题并仔细倾听，通过设身处地为别人着想来发展你的理解，增强你的自信心。)”可知，新生在人际交往时学会倾听。故选C项。39．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Organizationisthekey，soifyouarenotsomeonewhoisnaturallyorganized，setupyourstudyschedule.(组织是关键，所以如果你不是一个自然有条理的人，那就制定你的学习时间表。)”可知，在大学成功学习的关键是要学会成为一个有条理性的人，并科学安排自己的时间。故选A项。40．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Managingmoneyisacriticallifeskill,andformany,itisatcollegethattheydevelopitforthefirsttime.Startbyestimatingyourfinancialbalance.(理财是一项至关重要的生活技能，对许多人来说，正是在大学里，他们第一次发展了这项技能。从估计你的财务平衡开始。)”可知大学生要学会自主管理金钱，首先要让收支相抵。故选B项。B（2021·天津·高考真题）WhenpeopleaskmehowIstartedwriting,IfindmyselfdescribinganurgentneedthatIfelttoworkwithlanguage.Havingsaidthat,IdidnotknowforalongtimewhatIwaslookingfor.ItwasnotuntilIfollowedthisfeelingtoitssourcethatIdiscoveredIhadapassionforwriting.Withsomeencouragementfrommycolleagues,Ihadoneofmypoemspublished.Thisbitofsuccess,however,wasthepointwheremyproblembegan.Backin1978,Ihadtotravelbetweenthreedifferentcampusesinthemorning,teachingfreshmanposition.AfternoonsIspenttakingmydaughtertoherballetandhorseridinglessons.Iposedmylecturesontheway,andthatwasallthethinkingtimeIhad.WhenIreturnedhome,therewasnotenoughofmeleftforwritingafterafullworkingday.Asawayout,Idecidedtogetuptwohoursbeforemyusualtime.Myalarmwassetfor5:00A．M.ThefirstdayIshutitoffbecauseIhadplaceditwithinarm'sreach.TheseconddayIsettwoclocks,oneonmynighttable,andoneoutinthehallway.Ihadtojumpoutofbedandruntosilenceitbeforemyfamilywasawoken.Thiswaswhenmymorningwritingbegan.Sincethatfirstmorningin1978,Ihavebeenfollowingthehabittothisday,notmakingoracceptingmanyexcusesfornotwriting.Iwrotemypoemsinthismannerfornearlytenyearsbeforemyfirstbookwaspublished.WhenIdecidedtowriteanovel,Idividedmytwohours:thefirstforpoetry,thesecondforfiction.Wellorbadly,Iwroteatleasttwopagesaday.Thisishowmynovel,TheLineoftheSun.wasfinished.IfIhadwaitedtohavethetime,Iwouldstillbewaitingtowritemynovel.WhatIgotoutofgettingupinthedarktoworkisthefeelingthatIamincontrol.Formanypeople,theinitialsenseofurgencytocreateeasilydiesawaybecauseitrequiresmakingthetoughdecision:takingthetimetocreate,stealingitfromyourselfififstheonlyway.41．Whatmotivatedtheauthortostartherwritingcareer?A．Herstrongwishtoshare.B．Herkeeninterestinwriting.C．Herurgentneedtomakealiving.D．Herpassionatedesireforfame.42．Whatproblemdidtheauthorfacewhenshedecidedtobeginherwriting?A．Shewastooexhaustedtowriteafterabusyday.B．Shehadtroubleindecidingonherwritingstyle.C．Shehadtotaketimetodisciplineherdaughter.D．Shewasunsureaboutherwritingskills.43．Whydidtheauthorplaceanalarmclockinthehallway?A．Incasetheclockinherroombrokedown.B．Incaseshefailedtoheartheringing.C．Toforceherselfoutofbed.D．Towakeupherfamily.44．Howdidtheauthormanagetofinishhernovel?A．Bystickingtowritingeverymorning.B．Bywritingwhenhermindwasmostactive.C．Bydrawinginspirationsfromclassicnovels.D．Byreducingherteachinghoursatschool.45．Whatcanwelearnfromtheauthor'ssuccessinherwritingcareer?A．Itisnevertoolatetochangeyourjob.B．Imaginativeideasdieawayifnottakenintime.C．Atightscheduleisnoexcuseforlackofaction.D．Dailylifeprovidesideasforcreativewriting.【答案】41．B42．A43．C44．A45．C【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者喜爱写作并制定计划一直坚持下来。41．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“WhenpeopleaskmehowIstartedwriting,IfindmyselfdescribinganurgentneedthatIfelttoworkwithlanguage.”当人们问我是如何开始写作的时候，我发现自己在描述一种对语言的迫切需求。可知，促使作者开始她的写作生涯的原因是她对写作的强烈兴趣。故选B项。42．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“WhenIreturnedhome,therewasnotenoughofmeleftforwritingafterafullworkingday.”当我回到家时，在工作了一整天后，我写东西的精力已经不够了。可知，当作者决定开始写作时，因为她忙碌了一天之后，她筋疲力尽，无法再写作了。故选A项。43．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“ThefirstdayIshutitoffbecauseIhadplaceditwithinarm'sreach.TheseconddayIsettwoclocks,oneonmynighttable,andoneoutinthehallway.”第一天我把它关掉了，因为我把它放在触手可及的地方。第二天，我调了两个钟，一个放在床头柜上，一个放在走廊上。可知，作者在走廊里放了一个闹钟的原因是为了强迫自己起床。故选C项。44．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Sincethatfirstmorningin1978,Ihavebeenfollowingthehabittothisday,notmakingoracceptingmanyexcusesfornotwriting.”从1978年的第一个早晨开始，我一直遵循这个习惯，直到今天，不为不写作找任何借口。可知，作者能够写小说的原因是坚持每天早上写作。故选A项。45．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“WhatIgotoutofgettingupinthedarktoworkisthefeelingthatIamincontrol.”我从摸黑起床工作中得到的是一种掌控一切的感觉。以及文章第四段“Sincethatfirstmorningin1978,Ihavebeenfollowingthehabittothisday,notmakingoracceptingmanyexcusesfornotwriting.”从1978年的第一个早晨开始，我一直遵循这个习惯，直到今天，不为不写作找任何借口。可知，紧凑的日程并不是不采取行动的借口。故选C项。C（2021·天津·高考真题）InthefictionalworldsoffilmandTV,artificialintelligence（AI）hasbeendescribedassoadvancedthatitisindistinguishablefromhumans.Butwhatifwe'reactuallygettingclosertoaworldwhereAliscapableofthinkingandfeeling?TechpanyUneeQisheadingforits"digitalhumans",whichappearlifelikeonthescreennotonlyintermsoflanguage,butalsobecauseoffacialmovements:raisedeyebrows,asmile,evenanod.Theylookclosetoahuman,butnotquite.WhatliesbeneathUneeQ9sdigitalhumans?Their3Dfacesaremodeledonactualhumanfeatures.Speechrecognitionenablesthemtounderstandwhatapersonissaying,andnaturallanguageprocessingisusedtoworkoutaresponse.Meanwhile,anotherAlpany,SoulMachines,istakingamorebiologicalapproach,witha"digitalbrain",thatimitatesaspectsofthehumanbraintoadjusttheemotions"felt"and"expressed"byits"digitalpeople".ShiwaliMohan,anAlscientistatthePaloResearchCenter,isskepticalofthesedigitalbeings."They'rehumanlikeintheirlooksandthewaytheysound,butthatinitselfisnotbeinghuman,"shesays."Humanqualitiesalsoinvolvehowyouthink,howyouapproachproblems,andhowyoubreakthemdown;andthattakesalotofalgorithmic(算法)design.Designingforhumanlevelintelligenceisadifferentattemptthandesigningimagesthatbehavelikehumans."Shethencontinues,“Ifsomethinglookslikeahuman,wehavehighexpectationsofthem,buttheymightbehavedifferentlyinwaysthathumansjustinstinctively(直觉地)knowhowotherhumansreact.Yetthedemandisthere,withUneeQseeinghighadoptionofitsdigitalemployeesacrossthefinancial,healthcare,andmercialsectors（行业）."Unlessthesesectorsmaketheirbusinessmodelsmuchmoreefficientdigitally,theymightbeleftbehind,"saysChetanDube,UneeQ9sCEO.Someotherpaniesaretakingtheirdigitalbeingsastepfurther,enablingorganizationsandindividualstocreatedigitalhumansthemselvesusingfreeaccessplatformstheyprovide."ThebiggestmotivationforsuchplatformsistopopularizeAl,"Dubesays.Mohaniscautiousaboutthisapproach,yetshesupportsthepurposebehindthesedigitalbeingsandisoptimisticaboutwheretheyareheaded."AswedevelopmoreadvancedAltechnology,wewouldthenhavetousenewwaysofmunicatingwiththattechnology,shesays."'Hopefully,allofthatisdesignedtosupporthumansintheirgoals."46．AccordingtoPara.2,inwhatrespect（s）doUneeQ9s"digitalhumans"resemblehumanbeings?A．Inthewaytheymovearound.B．Inthewaytheyactandreact.C．Inobservationandanalysis.D．Inspeechandfacialexpressions.47．SoulMachines’digitalbrainisatechnologicalbreakthroughbecauseit.A．leamstomakeproperemotionalresponsesB．tendstoimitatehumanbeings'tonevividlyC．recognizesthespeechsoundsitreceivesD．processesthenaturallanguageithears48．InMohan'sopinion,whathumanqualityislackingindigitalbeings?A．Calculatingbrain.B．Languageskills.C．Instinctivejudgements.D．Problemsolvingability.49．Whatmakesmanysectorsemploydigitalhumans?A．Thefearoffallingbehindinefficiency.B．Theurgencytopromoteemerce.C．Thewishtospreaddigitaltechnology.D．Theneedtoupgradethehealthcaresystem.50．WhatdoesMohanthinkofthefutureofdigitalbeings?A．It'swellplanned.B．Itispromising.C．Itisuncertain.D．It'squitehopeless.【答案】46．D47．A48．C49．A50．B【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍许多科技公司正在推进、研发“数字人类”，并被很多部门使用。但一些科学家对此表示怀疑，并指出了“数字人类”并不是真正的人类，有很多缺陷。但前景还是很有希望的。46．细节理解题。根据第二段“TechpanyUneeQisheadingforits"digitalhumans",whichappearlifelikeonthescreennotonlyintermsoflanguage,butalsobecauseoffacialmovements:raisedeyebrows,asmile,evenanod.”（科技公司UneeQ正在研发一种“数字人”，这种人在屏幕上看起来栩栩如生，不仅因为语言，还因为面部动作:眉毛扬起、微笑，甚至点头。）由此可知，根据第2段，UneeQ9s的“数字人”在言语和面部表情上方面与人类相似。故选D项。47．细节理解题。根据第三段“Meanwhile,anotherAlpany,SoulMachines,istakingamorebiologicalapproach,witha"digitalbrain",thatimitatesaspectsofthehumanbraintoadjusttheemotions"fblt"and"expressed"byits“digitalpeople”.”（与此同时，另一家Al公司，灵魂机器公司，正在采取一种更具生物性的方法，拥有一个“数字大脑”，它模仿人脑的各个方面来调节其“数字人”的“fblt”和“表达”的情绪。）由此可知，灵魂机器的数字大脑是一项技术突破，因为它倾向于做出适当的情绪反应。故选A项。48．推理判断题。根据第四段“"They'rehumanlikeintheirlooksandthewaytheysound,butthatinitselfisnotbeinghuman,"shesays."Humanqualitiesalsoinvolvehowyouthink,howyouapproachproblems,andhowyoubreakthemdown;andthattakesalotofalgorithmic(算法)design,buttheymightbehavedifferentlyinwaysthathumansjustinstinctively(直觉地)knowhowotherhumansreact.”（“他们的外表和声音都像人类，但这本身不是人类，”她说。“人类的品质还包括你如何思考、如何处理问题以及如何分解问题；这需要大量的算法设计。但他们的行为方式可能不同，人类只是本能地知道其他人的反应。”）由此判断出，在Mohan看来，数字人缺少本能的判断。故选C项。49．细节理解题。根据第五段“Yetthedemandisthere,withUneeQseeinghighadoptionofitsdigitalemployeesacrossthefinancial,healthcare,andmercialsectors（行业）.Unlessthesesectorsmaketheirbusinessmodelsmuchmoreefficientdigitally,theymightbeleftbehind”（但需求依然存在，UneeQ的数字员工在金融、医疗和商业行业的使用率很高。除非这些行业将它们的商业模式数字化得更高效，否则它们可能会被甩在后面）由此可知，害怕效率落后让许多行业使用“数字人类”。故选A项。50．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Mohaniscautiousaboutthisapproach,yetshesupportsthepurposebehindthesedigitalbeingsandisoptimisticaboutwheretheyareheaded.”（Mohan对这种方法持谨慎态度，但她支持这些数字生物背后的目的，并对他们的未来持乐观态度）由此判断出，Mohan数字人的未来是有希望的。故选B项。D（2020·天津·高考真题）Afteryearsofobservinghumannature,Ihavedecidedthattwoqualitiesmakethedifferencebetweenmenofgreatachievementandmenofaverageperformancecuriosityanddiscontent.Ihaveneverknownanoutstandingmanwholackedeither.AndIhaveneverknownanaveragemanwhohadboth.Thetwobelongtogether.Together,thesedeephumanurges(驱策力)countformuchmorethatambition.GalileowasnotmerelyambitiouswhenhedroppedobjectsofvaryingweightsfromtheLeaningToweratPisaandtimedtheirfalltotheground.LikeGalileo,allthegreatnamesinhistorywerecuriousandaskedindiscontent,“Why?Why?Why?”Fortunately,curiosityanddiscontentdon’thavetobelearned.Wearebornwiththemandneedonlyrecapturethem.“Thegreatman,”saidMencius(孟子),“ishewhodoesnotlosehischild’sheart.”Yetmostofusdoloseit.Westopaskingquestions.Westopchallengingcustom.Wejustfollowt