北京市东城区东直门中学2021-2022学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题（原卷版）

北京市东直门中学2021-2022学年度第二学期阶段考试高二英语第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。SendingMyBoyCollegeOntheplane,MatthewchoosestositwithSheryl.Thenheputsontheheadphones,andnotawordis____1____formostoftheflight.I'vetakenabreakfromreadingandamstaringatmyboy.Thelightfromhiswindowiscuttingacrosshisface,highlightinghischeekbonesandstrongjawline,makinghimlookhandsomeandgrown-up.IrememberthefirsttimeIlaideyesonhiminthe____2____room.IrememberwhatIwhisperedtohimwhenhiseyesopenedforthefirsttime:"Hello.I'myourdaddy.Iwillalwaysbethereforyou."Afterweland,wedriveontothehistoricandgrandcampuswiththecarpackedwithMatthew's____3____.Soonweunloadinfrontofthedorm.MatthewandIleaveSheryltohandlecleaningsinhisroomwhileIwillhandleotherissues:purchasingabicycleanddiscoveringwheretostoreit.Iamsurprisedathowlittlewesaytoeachotherandhowgoodthatfeels.Ithinkit'saresultofyearsspentineachother's____4____.Notjustdinnerorgood-nights:itwastimecoachinghisteams.beinginthewatersurfing,standinguptoanyonewhoeverthoughtabouttreatinghimbadly.Thatevening.eventhoughhisroomisready.hesays."Dad.IthinkI'llstaywithyouandMomtonight."IcatchSheyl'seyes:theyare____5____.Thenextmorning,afterallthefreshmenfileoutofthehallaftermeeting.Matthewshowshisfirstsignsof____6____.Thepresident'sspeechwasanode(颂歌)tothem:"themostaccomplished"classeveracceptedin"themostcompetitiveyear"intheschool'shistory.Itlookthiselegantceremonyamongaseaof____7____forMathewtorealizethecomingpressure."Dad.whatifit'stoohardformehere?"heasksme."Youcamefromatoughacademicschoolwithgreatgrades.Youmakeithappen.Thiswon'tbeanydifferent.Thisschool____8____youbecausetheyknowyoucansucceed."Noneoftheotherkidslookscared."hesays.ForthefirsttimeIcanremembersincehewasababy,Icanseehiseyesarewellingup.Iwantto____9____outandhughim.butIdon't.InsteadIlookhimintheeve."Nevercompareyourinsidestosomeelse'soutsides."Henodsandturnsaway,"IthinkImighttakeanap.""Sure,I'llwakeyouinawhile."Hecurlsupinaball,likeheusedto.Iunfoldablanket,_____10_____him,andtuckitunderneath.1.A.shared B.read C.written D.mentioned2.A.delivery B.dining C.meeting D.staff3.A.books B.snacks C.belongings D.presents4.A.memory B.experience C.compliment D.company5.A.bright B.wet C.sharp D.big6.A.curiosity B.enjoyment C.uncertainty D.disappointment7.A.parents B.stranger C.professors D.friends8.A.needed B.made C.trained D.chose9.A.go B.reach C.drop D.help10.A.comfort B.shelter C.block D.cover第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。InternationalWorkers’Dayisadaytoshowrespectfortheworkingpeopleandadvocatethespiritofhardwork.TheChineseareknownashardworkingandinventivepeople.Sinceitsreformandopening-upinthelate1970s,Chinahasliftedmorethan770millionpeopleoutof____11____(poor).Itisnowthesecond____12____(large)economyintheworld.TheChineseworkingpeoplehaverisentothechallenges,workinghardtoovercomeadversecircumstancessuchastheCOVID-19epidemic.____13____(realize)theChineseDreamofnationalrejuvenationreliesonthediligentworkofpeoplefromallwalksoflife.Theworkingpeopleshouldtaketheleadandhavecompleteconfidenceinthisgreatcause.B阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。“It’ssocute!”“Iwantone!”Sincesuchpostsspreadonsocialmedia,the2022BeijingWinterOlympicsmascotBingDwenDwen____14____(become)astaracrosstheglobe.Thelovablepandawearsafull-body“shell”____15____(make)outofice,whichlookslikeanastronautsuit.WiththepopularityoftheOlympicmascot,ithasserved____16____anambassadorforwintersports,bringingjoytothose____17____participatedinandwatchedtheOlympicWinterGames.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Five-year-oldNaomilostherteddybearonahikingpath____18____theautumnof2020.TeddywasthefirstgiftNaomi’sparentsgavetoher.Despite____19____(constant)checkingwiththelostandfound,herfamilydidn’tgetthebearback.Fortunately,Ranger(护林员)Tom,____20____monitorsactualbearactivity,cameacrosstheteddybear.Hekeptitandrodewithituntilafriendofthefamilyspottedthebearandhelpedsenditbackhomenearlyayearlater.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AEmergenciesarescary,butthereisnowanewsmartringonthemarketthatwillquicklycallforhelpwhenyouneeditmost.MeetNimb,aringthatincludesapanicbutton.Itletsyousendemergencyalerts(警报)topresetcontactsfromitsmobileappwiththetouchofathumb.Whetheryouarebeingattackedorexperiencingaserioushealthproblem,Nimbwillhelpkeepyousafeandsound.SmartRingtotheRescueThestorybehindthedevelopmentwiththisnewtechnologyisuniqueandtouching.In2010,KathyRoma,whoistheco-founderandcommunicationsleadwithNimb,wasviolentlyattackedbyacompletestrangerandwasonthebrinkofdeath.Shesufferedmultiplestabwoundsinasafeneighborhood,justafewfeetawayfromapolicestation.Hersavinggracewasn’tjustherfightanddrivetosurvive,butthecallforhelp.Sincethen,shehasbeensearchingtofindawayforotherstohaveavoicewhenthey，reinneedofhelpandhasbeenadrivingforceinthedevelopmentofthisnewtechnology.AndNimbiseasytouse.Allyouneedtodowhenyouareintroubleispressitsbuttonforthreesecondsandaninstantmessagewillbesenttoyourcontacts.Yourcontactswillgetinstantemergencyalertsontheirsmartphonesandtablets.Thissmartringtracksyourexactlocationinrealtimeandyourcontactswillknowwhereyouareatalltimes.Nimb’sappincludesanalertcard,andbuilt-inchatandnotificationfeatures.Theringiscompatible(兼容的)withBluetooth4+,iOS7+andAndroid4+.ItisalsoequippedwitharechargeableLiPoBatterythatwilllastabouttwoweeks,andisdesignedtowithstandwateranddust.Nimb:StaySafeinStyleWhatmakesthissmartringextraspecialisthatitiscoolandfuturisticlooking.Itcomesintwocolors:StealthBlackandClassicWhite.TheringisavailableinUSringsizes4-12,whichmeansyoucanwearitonanyofyourfingers.There’snodoubtthisnewtechnologywillbeahitonthemarket:everyonewantstohavethatextrapieceofmindwhenitcomestohealthandsafety.Nimbretailsfor$129.21.Nimbisdesignedtohelpusers________.A.relievepaininstressfulsituationsB.warnfriendsofsurroundingdangersC.callcontactsforhelpinemergenciesD.keeptrackofserioushealthproblems22.KathyRomagottheideaofNimbfrom________.A.herexperienceofbeingattackedB.herdesiretohaveavoiceintechnologyCherdreamoffoundingherowncompanyD.herdrivetosurvivefromaseriousdisease23.HowdoyouuseNimbwhenyouareintrouble?A.Byeditinganemergencymessage.BBypressingabuttonforthreeseconds.C.Bytrackingthelocationofpresetcontacts.D.Bysendingalertstothesmartphonesnearby.BItwasareadingclass.Whileallherclassmateswereflyingthroughthe2ndand3rdbooksintheHarryPotterseries,SkyeMalik,onlyonpagefourofthefirstbook,gotimpossiblystuckontheword“doughnut”.Herunexpecteddifficultywithreadingiscalleddyslexia.Skyegotaprofessionaldiagnosisattheendofthe2ndgrade.Knowingthatotherkidsweregoingthroughthesamethingmadeiteasieronhersomehow.Whatwasn’teasy,evenafterallthehelpshegotfromspecialtutorsandreadingprograms,wasfluentreading.Whatmanypeopledowithoutthinking—reading—shehadtostrugglewithwordbyword,sometimesletterbyletter.Inclass,shewouldheartheotherkidsflipthroughthepagesonassignmentsandgoontothequestionswhileshewasstilldoingbattlewiththefirstparagraph.Shewasasfrustratedasshewasdiscouraged.Butshedidn’tknowofanyotherwayuntilher4thgradeteacher,MissPollock,toldheraboutsomethingcalledLearningAlly.LearningAllyisanon-profitorganizationthatoffersaudioversionsofbooks.Acrewofvolunteerreadershasrecorded75,000classicnovels,children’sbooks,andschooltextbooksthathelpmorethan300,000studentsandadultswithlearningdifferencesorwhoareblind.NowSkyecouldlistentothebookswithherearsandfollowthewordswithhereyesonthepage.Insteadofhavinghermotherreadhertextbookstoher,shecouldindependentlydoherwork.“WithLearningAlly,Ifeelconfidentandcapableandcaneasilykeepupwithmyclassmates,”Skyeexplains,“andIwantotherkidstofeelempowered,justthewayIdid.”SoSkye,nowaged16,createdThePacoProjectwhichwasnamedafterhergrandfatherwhosenicknamewas“Paco”.ThePacoProjectisafundraiserandeducationalinitiativefocusingongivingstudentswithdyslexiaaccesstothesameLearningAllytechnologythatchangedherlife.Skyehasrealizedthatsheisoneoftheluckykidswhohavebeendiagnosed.Sheknowsthateducatingteachersaboutdyslexiaandgivingstudentswiththelearningchallengethetoolstheyneedisagreatfirststepinmeetingdyslexiaheadon,andhelpingthembeconfident,capablestudents.“Rightnowtheyfeelstuck—ashamed,unsureandinsecureabouttheirschoolwork.IfIcouldhelpstopthesestudentsfeelingthisway,thatwouldmeantheworldtome.”24.Accordingtothepassage,Skye________.A.foundawayoutwiththehelpofMissPollockB.feltannoyedatbeingteasedbyherclassmatesC.preferredreadingthefirstbookofHarryPotterD.wasdiagnosedwithdyslexiainherfourthgrade25.ThePacoProjectwascreated________.A.topromoteLearningAllytechnologyB.toempowerthosewithreadingdifficultyC.withinspirationfromSkye5sgrandfatherD.inresponsetothegrowingdemandsofteachers26.Thepassageismainlyabout________.A.whatpeoplewithdyslexiaaresufferingB.whatmeasuresareneededtobeatdyslexiaC.howLearningAllyinfluencedpeoplewithdyslexiaD.howSkyebattledagainstdyslexiaandhelpedothersCIntoday’sthrow-awaysociety,dealingwiththecity’sgrowingmountainofwasteisanincreasingchallengeforthecitycouncil(市议会).Recently,Edinburghisfacedwiththeproblemofdisposingofabout250,000milliontonsofwasteayear.Despitedifferentwaystodisposeofmuchofitinagreenmanner—largelythroughencouragingrecycling—itsagingfacilitiessuchasthePowderhalllandfilldonothavetheabilitytodealwithit.TheEuropeanUnion(EU)hasissuedanewpolicy,regulatinghowsuchmountainsofwastearetobedisposedof.Thefivecouncils(Edinburgh,EastLothian,WestLothian,MidlothianandBorders)facefinesofaround£18millionayearfrom2013iftheydon’tincreaserecyclinglevelsandrelylessonlandfills.Withthisinmind,thecouncilsgottogetherwiththeideaofbuildingalargeincineratorplant(垃圾焚烧厂)toburnhalfofthewasteproducedintheirdistricts.ButthisplanfellapartafterthechangeoftargetlevelsbyanewUKgovernmentwastepolicywhichrequiredthatnomorethan25%ofthecity’swasteshouldbedisposedofinthiswayby2025.Aftertheplanwasabandoned,aprivatecompanythatalreadytransportedmillionsoftonsofthecity’swastebytraintoalandfillsitenearDunbar,offeredanalternativesolutionwhenitsuggestedopeningahugewastesitenearPortobello.SincePowderhallissupposedtoclosein2015,itseemednecessaryforthemembersoftheEdinburghCounciltoacceptthesuggestion.Butsoontheyturneditdown—after700localobjectionsreachedthem—becauseitwouldhavemeanthundredsoflorriesadaymakingloudnoisethroughheavilypopulatedareas.Thatstillleavesthecouncilwithaproblem.By2013,only50%of1995levelsofwastewillbeallowedtobesenttolandfills.Evenifrecyclingtargetsaremet,therewillstillbealargeamountofrubbishtobeburntup.Duetothis,EdinburghandMidlothiancouncilshavenowdecidedtoworktogethertobuildanincineratorplantastimetofindasolutionisfastrunningout.27.ThemainwayofhandlingwasteinagreenmannerinEdinburghis________.A.recycling B.restoring C.burying D.burning28.Thefivecouncilsworkedoutaplantobuildanincineratorplantto________.A.reducethecostofburyingwaste B.meettheEUrequirementsC.speedupwasterecycling D.replacelandfillsites29.ThecitycouncilofEdinburghrejectedthesuggestiontoopenahugelandfillsitenearPortobellobecause________.A.itcamefromaprivatecompany B.thecouncilwasnotinterestedinitC.itwasnotsupportedbyEU D.thelocalpeoplewereagainstit30.WhatisthefinaldecisionofEdinburghandMidlothiancouncils?A.Toopenanewlandfillnearby. B.ToclosethePowderhalllandfillin2015.C.Tosetupaplantforburningwaste. D.Topersuadepeopletoreducetheirwaste.D14days.That’sthetimeChinesescientiststooktoidentifythefullgeneticsequenceofthenovelcoronavirus(新冠病毒)sinceitsoutbreak.ItwassharedwiththeWHOimmediately,andhasnowbecomeanimportantfoundationforglobalresearchersinthefightagainsttheCOVID-19.Butfirst,letusturntheclockback17years,whenittookmonthstoidentifytheSARSvirus.Frommonthsto14days,whatchanged?ItturnsoutAIplayedanimportantpart.Thescientistsfirstobtainedbronchoalveolarlavage(BAL)fluid(支气管扩张灌洗液)samplesfrompatients,isolated(分离)theDNAandRNA,thensequencedthegeneticmaterialbycomparingthem.AI’sadvantageisitsabilitytorecognizepatternsamongafloodofdata.Letmeputitinasimpleway.Sequencingthecoronavirusgenome(基因组)issimilartolookingforaneedleinahaystack(干草堆)lookingforgenotypes(基因型)withspecificcharacteristicsfromahugegenepool.That’swheresearchalgorithm(算法),abranchofmodernAI,comesin.Thinkofitasanefficientsearchengine,whichcanfindtheneedleinthehaystack.Thissearchalgorithmcanshortenmonths-longgeneticsequencingtoweeksorevenjustafewdays.Combinedwithmacro-genomicsequencingandaviruslibrary,thisAItechnologycanalsobeusedintrackingvirusmutation(突变).AIdoesn’tjustsupportscientists.Itcanalsohelppatientsbyimprovingtheefficiencyofdiagnosis(诊断).ChinalaunchedaGenomicsService,whichcanrunmultiplevirusgenecomparisonsandproduceadetailedreportwithin60seconds.ThisalgorithmhasbeenputintouseinChinaandsharedtotheworldforfree.31.AI’sadvantageisthatitcan________.A.slowdownthespreadofcoronavirus B.separateDNAfromRNAC.identifyspecificgenotypesrapidly D.obtainsamplesfrompatientsquickly32.Thesearchalgorithmhelpsshortenthetimeofgeneticsequencingby__________.A.findinganeedleinahaystack B.servingasasearchengineC.combiningwithaviruslibrary D.tracingvirusmutation33.WhatdoweknowabouttheGenomicsServiceinthelastparagraph?AIthasbeenwidelyusedintheworld. B.Itismainlybasedonbloodtest.C.ItisforfastdiagnosisofCOVID-19. D.ItisusedtotrackCOVID-19patients.34.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.14DaysChinaMadeit! B.AIAssistsinCOVID-19FightC.SearchAlgorithm,BestChoice D.China’sGenomicsService第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Therearemanyfactorswhichmayhaveaninfluenceonadultsandchildrenbeingabletoleadahealthylife.____35____Oftenbothparentsworkoutsidethehome.Childrenareexpectedtotakeonmoreresponsibilityathometohelptheirparents.Theyalsohavesportingandleisureactivitiesaswellasschoolexpectations.Thebusinessalsoaddsanotherfactor:Theneedtousecarstogetfromoneplacetoanotherquickly.____36____Computers,DVDs,CDs,television,PlayStationsandXboxeshavebecomemajorleisureactivities,ratherthantraditionalmoreactivepursuits.Thishasledtoalifestyleoflessexercise.____37____Unfortunately,theyalsopromotefastfoodwhichfitseasilyintobusylifestyles.Itismuchmoreconvenientattimestobuyaquicktakeawayratherthanprepareameal.Themediaconstantlybombard(轰炸)theiraudiencewith“perfect”bodyimages,theneedtobuythemostfashionableclothes,themostup-to-datecomputergames,thebestplacestovisitandthebestthingstodo.Environmentsvary.___38___Thiscanbeharmfultopeoplewhosufferfrombreathingdifficulties.Environmentswherepassivesmokingisunavoidablemakeitdifficulttoleadahealthylife.____39____Anypersonwhowantstobehealthywillfindawaytobehealthyifhe/sheismotivatedenough!A.Themediaprovideentertainmentandinformation.B.Advertisementsplayanimportantroleinpeople'slife.C.Theimportantoneismotivationorthedesiretobehealthy.D.Today,societyplacesalotofemphasisontechnology.E.Peoplearelivinginawater-pollutedenvironment.F.Wemaybeexposedtopollution,suchascigarettesmoke.G.Nowadays,peopleareverybusy.第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节阅读表达（共4小题；第1、2题各2分，第3题3分，第4题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。EmojiandWorkplaceCommunicationInAsia,messagingplatformsaregrowingrapidly,withusersinthehundredsofmillions,bothatworkandplay.Thepopularityoftheseplatformsisspreadingglobally.It’sbeenreportedthat76percentofemployeesinsomew