《学术型英语写作》课件

AcademicEnglishWriting目录IntroductionFundamentalsofAcademicEnglishWritingAcademicEnglishWritingSkillsAcademicEnglishWritingPracticeCONTENTS目录AcademicEnglishWritingStandardsandFormatsAcademicEnglishWritingEvaluationandFeedbackCONTENTS01IntroductionCHAPTERCourseIntroductionThiscourseisdesignedtoimprovestudents'abilityinwritingEnglishforacademicpurposesItfocusesonthelanguageandwritingskillsrequiredforeffectivecommunicationintheacademicenvironmentTodevelopstudents'abilitytowriteinheritandwellstructuredacademicessaysToenhancestudents'languageproficiencyandwritingskillsthroughavarietyofauthenticacademictextsandassignmentsTofamiliarizestudentswiththeconventionsandexpectationsofdifferentacademicdisciplinesCourseobjectives02FundamentalsofAcademicEnglishWritingCHAPTERClarityThelanguageusedshouldbeclearandstraightforward,avoidingcomplexoraggressiveintentionsObjectivityThewritingshouldmaintainaneutralandobjectivetone,avoidingpersonalopinionsorbiasesAccuracyAcademicEnglishwritingmustbepreciseandaccurate,avoidinganygraphicalorspellingerrorsTheCharacteristicsofAcademicEnglishWritingReferencingItisessentialtoproperlyciteandrefertoallsourcesused,followingthenormsoftheacademicfieldParaphrasingWhensummarizingorquotingfromothersources,itisnecessarytoparaphraseinyourownwordsOriginAcademicwritingshouldpresentoriginalideasorresearch,avoidingplagiarismTheNormsofAcademicEnglishWritingTheStepsofAcademicEnglishWritingResearch:Conductthroughresearchonthetopic,gasrelatedinformation,andidentifykeyargumentsorpointsOutlining:Developanoutlinetostructureyourargumentsorpoints,ensuringalogicalflowofideasDrafting:Writeafirstdraft,incorporatingyourresearchandoutsourcing,andfocusonclarityandorganizationRevisionandEditing:Reviseyourdraftforgrammar,spelling,andpunctuationerrors;Clarifyanyunclearedpoints;Andensurethatthewritingisinlinewiththenormsoftheacademicfield03AcademicEnglishWritingSkillsCHAPTEROriginSelectatopicthatoffersoriginalcontributionstothefield,avoidingtopicsthathavebeenextensivelystudiedFeasibilityConsulttheresources,time,andskillsrequiredtoconductthroughresearchonthetopicTopicRelevanceEnsurethetopicisrelevanttoyourfieldofstudyandalignswiththeresearchobjectivesTopicselectionskillsLiteraturereviewtechniquesSummarizekeyfindingsfromtheliteratureandsynthesisthemtodevelopacoherentargumentortheorySummaryandSynthesisUtilizeacademicdatabaseslikePubMed,GoogleScholar,andScopustoidentifyrelevantarticlesDatabaseSearchEvaluatethecredibilityandvalidityofthesources,consideringtheirresearchmethods,conclusions,andbiasesCriticalAnalysisPurposeandDesignDeterminethepurposeofyourresearchandchooseanappropriatestudydesign(e.g.,experimental,relational,casestudy)toansweryourresearchquestionsDataCollectionSelectappropriatemethodsforcollectingdata,consideringtheresearchobjectives,population,andresourcesavailableEthicalConsiderationsEnsurethatyourresearchmethodscomplywithethicalguidelinesandprotecttherightsofparticipantsResearchMethodSelectionTechniquesIntroductionStartwithanengagingintroductionthatprovidesaclearoverviewoftheresearchproblem,objectives,andsignificanceDetaileddescriptionoftheresearchdesign,datacollectionmethods,andanalysistechniquesPresentthefindingsinalogicalandcoherentmanual,avoidingexcessivedetailandfocusingonkeyresultsInterprettheresultsinthecontextofexistingliterature,identifylimitations,andsuggestfutureresearchdirectionsSummarizethemainfindingsandtheirimplicationsfortheoryandpractice,emphasizingtheoriginalcontributionsoftheresearchMethodologyDiscussionConclusionResultsTechniquesforarrangingpaperstructure04AcademicEnglishWritingPracticeCHAPTER要点三ClarifyingresearchdirectionItiscrucialtoidentifyresearchquestionsbeforestartingwriting.Thishelpstoprovidecleardirectionforsubsequentliteraturereviews,experimentaldesign,etc.要点一要点二LiteraturereviewRefertorelevantacademicliteraturetounderstandtheresearchachievementsanddirectionsofpredecessors,andprovidetheoreticalsupportforone'sownresearchquestions.ProblemoperabilityEnsurethattheresearchquestionisactionable,avoidingbeingtoobroadorabstract,inordertofacilitatesubsequentdatacollectionandanalysis.要点三ResearchquestiondeterminationExperimentaldesignSelectappropriateexperimentalmethodsbasedontheresearchquestiontoensurerepresentativenessandreproducibilityoftheexperiment.DatacollectionandanalysisSelectappropriatedatacollectiontoolsandstatisticalanalysismethodstofacilitateeffectiveinterpretationofexperimentalresults.EthicalconsiderationsWhenchoosingresearchmethods,ethicalconsiderationsshouldbetakenintoaccounttoensurethatthestudydoesnotcauseharmtoparticipants.SelectionofresearchmethodsDatacollectionBasedonexperimentaldesignandresearchquestions,collectdatatoensureaccuracyandcompleteness.DataanalysisUsestatisticalanalysismethodstoprocessandanalyzedata,anddrawmeaningfulconclusions.ResultinterpretationInterpretthedataanalysisresults,comparethemwithpreviousresearchresults,andproposeone'sownopinionsandviewpoints.010203DatacollectionandanalysisPaperWritingandEditingWritinganoutline:Basedonresearchquestionsanddataanalysisresults,writeanoutlineforthepaper,clarifyingthecontentandstructureofeachsection.Writingthemaintext:Basedontheoutline,writethemainbodyofthepaper,includingtheintroduction,literaturereview,experimentalmethods,results,anddiscussion.Paperrevisionandimprovement:Aftercompletingtheinitialdraft,multiplerevisionsandimprovementsaremadetoensurethelogicalrigor,languageaccuracy,andstandardizedformatofthepaper.Referencecitation:Citereferencesaccordingtoacademicstandardstoensuretheacademiccredibilityandcredibilityofthepaper.05AcademicEnglishWritingStandardsandFormatsCHAPTERThecitationformatofacademicEnglishwritingAPAStyle:APAStyleisacommoncitationformatinacademicEnglishwriting,mainlyusedforwritingpapersinsocialsciencesandhumanities.Itspecifiesformatrequirementsforcitation,citationwithinthetext,andcitationafterthetext.MLAStyle:MLAStyleisacitationformatusedinthefieldsofliteratureandhumanities,mainlyappliedindisciplinessuchasliterarycriticism,culturalresearch,andarthistory.Itspecifiesformatrequirementsforcitation,citationwithinthetext,andcitationafterthetext.ChicagoStyle:ChicagoStyleisacomprehensivecitationformatsuitableforvariousdisciplines,includinghistory,philosophy,politicalscience,andmore.Itspecifiesformatrequirementsforcitation,citationwithinthetext,andcitationafterthetext.UseformallanguageAcademicEnglishwritingshoulduseformallanguageandavoidusingcolloquialexpressionsandslang.AcademicEnglishwritingshouldmaintainanobjectiveandneutralattitude,avoidingsubjectiveassumptionsandoverlyemotionalexpressions.AcademicEnglishwritingshouldusepreciselanguagetoavoidambiguityandunclearexpressions.AcademicEnglishwritingshoulduseprofessionalacademicvocabularytoaccuratelyexpressacademicconceptsandtheories.WriteinanobjectiveMannerUsepreciselanguageUseacademicvocabularyThestylisticrequirementsforacademicEnglishwritingLanguagenormsinacademicEnglishwritingGrammarandpunctuation:AcademicEnglishwritingshouldfollowcorrectgrammarandpunctuationconventionstoensureclearandaccuratelanguageexpression.Sentencestructure:AcademicEnglishwritingshouldfocusonthediversityofsentencestructures,avoidlengthyandcomplexsentences,andmakethearticleeasiertounderstandanddigest.Paragraphstructure:TheparagraphstructureofacademicEnglishwritingshouldbeclearandconcise,witheachparagraphhavingatopicsentencesummarizingthemainideaoftheparagraphandsupportingtheargumentsanddetailsoftheparagraph'stheme.Readability:AcademicEnglishwritingshouldfocusonreadability,ensurethatthearticleiseasytounderstand,andavoidusingoverlycomplexandobscurevocabularyandsentencestructures.06AcademicEnglishWritingEvaluationandFeedbackCHAPTERThepapershouldpresentaclearandcoherentargument,withrelevantevidenceandexamplestosupporttheclaimsContentThepapershouldhavealogicalflowofideas,withwellorganizedparagraphsandsectionsStructureTheEnglishlanguageusedshouldbeaccurate,clear,andfreeofgrammarandspellingerrorsLanguageUseThepapershouldproperlyciteandreferenceallsourcesused,followingtheappropriatecitationstyleReferencingPaperevaluationcriteria010203PeerReviewAgroupofstudentscanreviewandprovidefeedbackoneachother'spapers,identifyingstrengthsandsuggestingimprovementsInstrumentFeedb