语法二弹现在时态话

Chongqing,China你个瓜娃子，又干哪样好事？我。。。昨天不小心打破了。。。Iamsosorry.Iwon’tforgiveyou.Iwilltellmyteacher.但是，妈妈。我一直有认真做作业喔~可以弥补我的罪过吗？Noway!你应该去主动认错~现在完成时态目录DIRECTORY现在完成时态的定义01现在完成时态的结构02现在完成时态的用法03延续性动词与短暂性动词0405现在完成时Vs一般过去时定义01present(now)futurepast

现在完成时(presentperfecttense)eg:Theboyhasbrokenthegirl’scup.现在完成时态的定义动作发生在过去，但强调现在杯子是坏的present(now)futurepast

现在完成时(presentperfecttense)eg:Theboyhasdonehishomeworkforalongtime.现在完成时态的定义表示该动作从过去持续到现在，可能还会继续持续下去WhatisThePresentPerfectTense?现在完成时表示的是在过去某个时间开始并持续到现在的动作/状态,或者过去的动作/状态对现在造成的影响或结果。结构02WehavelearntEnglishsince2008.Winterhascome.二、现在完成时的结构主语助动词have/has+动词的过去分词（done）++其它1、基本结构：have/hasdone

IhaveheardfromJane.(变为否定句)Ihaven’theardfromJane.Hehascomeback.(变为否定句)Hehasn’tcomeback.2、否定结构：have/hasn’tdone3、一般疑问句结构：Have/Has……done?Mary

has

been

ill

for

three

days.变为一般疑问句。They

have

lived

here

since

theywere

born.变为一般疑问句。HasMarybeenillforthreedays?Yes,shehas.Havetheylived

here

since

theywere

born?No,theyhaven’t.Hehasdonehishomeworkfor3hours.

(对划线部分进行提问。)Howlonghashedonehishomework?4、特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？注意：规则动词的过去分词：

动词过去分词的构成（1）绝大多数规则动词

+ed

（2）以字母e结尾的规则动词直接+d（3）以辅音字母+y结尾的规则动词改y为i+ed

(4)重读闭音节,以“辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母（w和y除外）”结尾的规则动词,双写结尾字母+ed

不规则动词的过去分词：动词过去分词的构成Typeoriginalp.tp.pcutcutcuthit(撞击)hithitcostcostcosthurthurthurtPut(放)putputreadreadreadAAAmeetmetmetkeepkeptkeptmakemademadebringbroughtbroughtbuyboughtboughtthinkthoughtthoughtteachtaughttaughttelltoldtoldlendlentlentspendspentspentfindfoundfoundhearheardheardbuildbuiltbuiltTypeoriginalp.tp.pABBTypeoriginalp.tp.pbeginbeganbegunsingsangsungdrinkdrankdrunkswimswamswumspeakspokespokenchoosechosechosenknowknewknownforgetforgotforgottenbreakbrokebrokendrivedrovedrivengivegavegiveneatateeatenwritewrotewrittenABC写出下列动词的过去式及过去分词1e_______-________2break_______-_________3bring_______-________4build_______-_________5bite_______-_________6catch_______-_________7choose________-_______8cut________-__________9fall_______-__________10fly_______-__________11forget_______-_______12grow________-_______13hit______-______14hurt_____-______15keep_____-______16lend______-_____17lose______-______18meet_____-______19put______-______20read______-_____21ring______-______becameebrokebroken

broughtbroughtbuiltbuiltbitbitcaughtcaughtchosechosencutcutfellfallenflewflownforgotforgottengrewgrownhithithurthurtkeptkeptlentlentlostlostmetmetputputreadreadrangrungThehouseisdirty.We_______itforweeks.

Adidn’tcleanBhadn’tcleanedCdon’tcleanDhaven’tcleaned

2.---____thesportsmeetingmightbeputoff.

---Yes,italldependsontheweather.

AI’vebeentoldBI’vetoldCI’mtoldDItold

3.----I’msorrytokeepyouwaiting.

----Oh,notatall.I_____hereonlyafewminutes.

AhavebeenBhadbeenCwasDwillbe

4.Youdon’tneedtodescribeher.I_______herseveraltimes.

A.hadmetBhavemetCmetDmeet

5.-----WillyougotoBeijingforvacation?

-----I_______togo,butIdon’tknowifIcango.

AwasplanningBhaveplannedChadbeenplanningDhavebeenplanning

现在完成时的结构总结特殊疑问词+一般疑问句把have/has放在句首have/hasn’tdonehave/hasdone基本结构基本结构否定结构一般疑问句结构特殊疑问句结构特殊疑问词+一般疑问句把have/has放在句首have/hasn’tdonehave/hasdone用法031、过去经历John,cleanyourteeth.please.Mum,Ihavealreadycleanedthem.

动作发生在过去，结束在过去，对现在造成了影响。用法03BA

Wehaveseenthefilm.我们看过那部电影了。（意为已知道电影内容或者不需要再次观看了）Lilyhasturnedoffthelight.丽丽（已经）把灯关上了。（意为现在房间是黑的了）常和副词already,yet,never,ever,before,just等连用。标志词意为“已经”，用于肯定句，可放在助动词之后，过去分词之前，也可以放在句末。alreadyyet疑问句中表“已经”，用在否定句中表“还”，常放在句末。Haveyoufoundyourlostpenyet?No,Ihaven’tfoundityet.Ihavealready

watchedtheTVplay.我已经看过这部电影了12just“刚才”，表示动作刚刚结束，常放在助动词与过去分词之间HehasjustcomebackfromBeijing.3ever曾经，用在疑问句或否定句中，常放在助动词与过去分词之间。HaveyoueverbeentoShanghai.4evernever“从不”，常放在助动词与过去分词之间。IhaveneverbeentotheGreatWall.4before“以前”，指过去不确定的某个时间，总是放在句末，不受句型的限制Ihaven’theardofitbefore.---：Oh,boy,youlooksotired.---:Yes,Ihavesomanyhomework.Ihaveworkedonitfor3hours.However,thehomeworkisn’tdone.2、过去持续

动作发生在过去，一直持续到现在，可能还会持续下去。常与表示时间段的状语连用。BATheyhavelivedheresince1989.他们自从1989年以来就住在这儿。Ihavebeenamiddleschoolstudentforover2years.我做两年初中生了。since:(自…以来)1)since+时间点He

has

stayed

here

since

5

o’clock.2)since+时间段+agoHe

has

stayed

here

since

5

hours

ago.3)since+从句She

has

taught

English

since

he

came

here.

for:(长达）

for+时间段Hehaskeptthebookfor2weeks.since,for的用法:ForVS.sinceMr.BrownhashadhisTV______15years.I’vetakendrivinglessons_______lastmonth.Mysisterhashadhercellphone______amonth.Myfriendshaven’tvisitedme______fewdaysago.Wehaven’tusedourcar_____alongtime.Shehasn’thadagoodcupofcoffee_____years.Tomhaswornglasses_______hewas7yearsold.for

since

forsinceforforsince动作发生在过去，结束在过去，对现在造成了影响。.从过去到现在某动作重复发生的次数。.动作发生在过去一直持续到现在，可能还会持续下去。.现在完成时态的用法总结标志词

alreadyVsyet

forVssince延与非延04延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响如：learn、live、know等非延续性动词也称终止性动词，瞬间动词或短暂性动词，表示不能延续的动作，动作发生后立即结束如：open、close、arrive等常用相应的延续性动词have，keep或短语“be+名词（形容词、位置副词、介词短语）“来代替短暂性动词。Hedied10yearsago.---He____________for10years/since10yearsago.2.Heborrowedthebook2weeksago.---He________thebookfor2weeks.3.Heboughtthemotorbikeamonthago.---He________themotorbikeforamonth.4.Hearrivedherethreedaysago.---He________heresincethreedaysago.5.Theyturnedoffthelight2hoursago.---Thelight____________for2hours.之间的转化延续性动词和瞬间性动词四、延续性动词与短暂性动词习题hasbeendead

haskept

hashad

hasbeen

hasbeenon

区别05

现在完成时注意的不是事情本身，而是强调事情与现在保持的某种密切联系（如现在的结果、影响,一直延续到现在等）。eg：HehasboughtanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.他已经买了一本英汉字典（

过去他买了一本英汉字典，现在他还有这本字典。）

一般过去时，则只讲述发生在过去的动作和事情与现在没有关系。HeboughtanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.他曾买过一本英汉字典。（

只叙述过去他买过一本英汉字典这一事实，至于现在他是否有这本字典并未强调说明。）五、现在完成时Vs一般过去时1、含义不同nowfuture一般过去时现在完成时常与一般过去时连用的典型的时间状语:yesterday(昨天),thedaybeforeyesterday(前天),justnow(刚才)，时间+ago,last+时间等常与现在完成时连用的时间状语:for,since,recently,inthepastfewyears,recently,just,tillnow,sofar等五、现在完成时Vs一般过去时2、时间状语不同动词填空：

1._____you________(clean)theroom?Yes,we__________(do)thatalready.When_______you______(do)it?We_______(do)itanhourago.2.______he______(see)thisfilmyet?Yes.When_____he_____(see)it?He______itlastweek.3.Howmanytimes_____you______(be)there?

HavecleanedhavedonediddodidHasseendidseesawhavebeen4.I__________(read)thenoveltwice.It’sinteresting.5.She_________(go)toPairs,hasn’tshe?Yes.How______she_______(go)there?She_______(go)therebyair.6.Sofar,manycountries_______________(develop)theirsoftwareprograms.7.MrChen______(give)upsmokinglastyear.8.MrChen__________(give)upsmokingsincelastyear.havereadhasgonedidgowenthavedevelopedgavehasgiven五、现在完成时Vs一般过去时总结区别两种时态12含义不同时间状语不同

重要考点06辨析havebeento和havegonetohavebeentosomeplace.曾经