无锡市天一中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

第21页/共21页江苏省天一中学2022一2023学年第一学期期中考试高一英语第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读一遍。1.Whereareprobablythespeakers?A.Atschool.B.Ataparkinglot.C.Atarepairshop2.Whatistheman’sattitudetowardsbuildinganamusementpark?A.Favorable.B.Unconcerned.C.Unfavorable.3.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Gotothecinema.B.Seetheoldmovieonline.C.GetCDsfromavideostore.4.Whatistheweatherlikehow?A.Cloudy.B.Sunny.C.Rainy.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Differentflights.B.AtravelplanC.Theirfavoritecities第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读每个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段村料，回答第6、7题。6.Whydoesthewomanmakethecall?A.Toexpresshergratitude.B.Tolookforaperson.C.Toapplyforaposition.7.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.OnWednesday.B.OnTuesday.C.OnMonday.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Wherewillthepartybeheld?A.Atthewoman’s.B.Attheman’s.C.Inarestaurant9.Whowillgototheparty?AEthanandLisa.B.BrandonandBen.C.BenandLisa10.Whatcostumewillthewomanwearfortheparty?A.TheWhiteQueen’s.B.TheCatwoman’s.C.TheBlackWidow’s听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whydoesthemandrinkcoffee?A.Ittastesgood.B.Itcanrefreshhim.C.Ithelpstoloseweight.12.Whendoesthemanusuallydrinkcoffee?A.Atbreakfast.B.4hoursafterwakingup.C.2hoursafterlunch.13.Towhomisthemanprobablytalking?A.specialist.B.Hisco-worker.C.Acafeassistant.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whatwasthemandoingwhentheincidenthappened?A.Hewaswalking.B.Hewasrunning.C.Hewasrepairingthemachine.15.Whydidtheincidenthappen?A.Themanwasunfamiliarwiththemachine.B.Someonesuddenlyswitchedoffthepower.C.Theslow-downbuttondidn’twork16.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hewasslightlyinjured.B.Hebrokethemachind)C.Hebrokehislegs听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatdomanyexpertsthinkof“bookblindboxes”?A.Interesting.B.Meaningful.C.Wasteful.18.Howarethebooksinmanybookblindboxes?A.Theyareofhighquality.B.Theyareofpoorquality.C.Theyareexpensive.19.WhoisHongXia?A.Abookstoremanager.B.Anewsreporter.C.Apublisher.20.Whichofthefollowingyearhadthehighestretailsalesofbooks?A.2019.B.2020.C.2021.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)AHandgestures(手势)havebeencommonlyusedinourdailycommunication.Theyaddtothemessagebyfillinginwhatwordssometimesleavebehind.Butareyousomewhatawareofthehistorythatgoesbehindsomeofthesepopularhandgestures?◆HandshakeWhetheryou’regreetingsomeoneforthefirsttime,orsuccessfullynegotiating(商定)anagreement,shakinghandsisusuallythego-togesture.Whodecidedonthiscustomarygesture,anyway?ThehistoryofthehandshakedatesbacktoancientGreece,showingthatneitherpersonwascarryingaweapon.◆ThumbsupandthumbsdownMaybeyou’refamiliarwiththepopularstoryofthishandgesturedatingbacktoRomantimes.Whenagladiator(角斗士)lost,thecrowdwouldeithersticktheirthumbsouttohavehimkilledorjustnotmakeanysignatall.Thethumbsupdecidedthegladiator’sfate(命运).AfterWWII,thumbsuponlycametomeanthatthingsweregoingsmoothly.Andthumbsdownmeanttheopposite.◆HighfiveAccordingtosomesources,thehighfivefirstbecamepopularwhenbaseballplayersperformedatDodgerStadiumonOctober2,1977.GlennBurke,oneofthecapableplayers,liftedhisamhighabovehisheadandslappedpalmswithhisteammateDustyBakertocelebrateamilestonehomerun,markingwhatiswidelyregardedasthefirstrecordedexampleofahighfive.◆ThefistbumpThefistbumpcomesfromboxersinthe1970safterpeoplebeganimitatinghowtheytouchedglovesbeforeacompetition.Later,insteadofshakinghands,firstbumpsbecamepopularamongbasketballplayers.Thegesturesoonspreadtoallbasketballlovers,and,beforelong,tothePresidentoftheUnitedStates.1.Whatdid“thumbsup”meantoagladiatorinRomantimes?A.Beingcheered. B.Beingkilled. C.Beingappreciated. D.Beingblamed.2.Whichgestureisincelebrationofahomerun?A. B. C. D.3.Whichaspectdoallthefourgesturesmention?A.Thehistory. B.Thefuture. C.Thepower. D.Theimportance.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。手势在我们的日常交流中已经被广泛使用。它们通过补充单词有时遗漏的内容来补充信息。文章介绍了一些流行手势背后的历史。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据◆Thumbsupandthumbsdown部分中的“Whenagladiator(角斗士)lost,thecrowdwouldeithersticktheirthumbsouttohavehimkilledorjustnotmakeanysignatall.Thethumbsupdecidedthegladiator’sfate(命运).(当一个角斗士输了，观众们要么伸出大拇指想要杀死他，要么根本不做任何手势。竖起的大拇指决定了角斗士的命运)”可推知，“竖起大拇指”在罗马时代意味着角斗士被杀死。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据◆Highfive部分中的“GlennBurke,oneofthecapableplayers,liftedhisamhighabovehisheadandslappedpalmswithhisteammateDustyBakertocelebrateamilestonehomerun,markingwhatiswidelyregardedasthefirstrecordedexampleofahighfive.(格伦·伯克是一名有能力的球员，他把双手高举过头顶，与队友达斯迪·贝克拍掌庆祝一个里程碑式的全垒打，这被广泛认为是有记录的第一个击掌的例子)”可知，击掌是为了庆祝一个本垒打。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Butareyousomewhatawareofthehistorythatgoesbehindsomeofthesepopularhandgestures?(但是你知道这些流行手势背后的历史吗？)”可知，这四个手势都有背后的历史故事。故选A。BAccordingtotheOxfordEnglishDictionary,theterm“couchpotato”firstappearedinprintinaDecember,1979editionoftheLosAngelesTimes.Sincethen,hasbecomeafamiliartermforapersonwhospendsalotoftimesitting,andlittletimeexercising.Althoughtheredoesnotseemtobeanyparticularreasonwhytheterm“couchpotato”isusedratherthan“couchtomato”,apersonmaybecomea“couchpotato”becauselivingthiswayissaidtomakeyouroundlikeapotato.Thetermisalsosaidtohavesomethingtodowiththehigh-calorie(卡路里)foodlikepotatochips.Peoplenowwouldsay“couchpotato”whenevertheytalkaboutoverweightandobesity(肥胖).Indeed,“couchpotatoes”arebelievedtohaveheartdiseaserisks,whichcanbeavoidedbyregularexercise.Itistruethattechnologyandmodernlifeingeneralmakeussick,fat,lazyandphysically/mentallysoft.Themoretimepeoplespendusingtechnology,particularlytelevisionsandcomputers,thelesstimetheywillspendbeingphysicallyactive.“Couchpotato”kidsareaparticularconcern.Mediareportsrepeatedlyclaimthatchildrentodayarefatterthantheireldergenerations,butlessathleticallyskilled,lessinterestedinphysicalactivitiesandmoreaddicted(上瘾的)to“junkfood”andtechnologysuchastelevisionsandcomputers.Themessageisclear:today’schildrenarefatbecausetheyarelazyandeattoomuch.Moreover,becausetechnologyisbecomingmoresophisticated(复杂的),childrenarelessabletoresist(抵抗，忍得住)technology’sattraction,andaremorelikelytospendmoretimeusingtechnology,lesstimedoingphysicalactivitiesand，therefore,morelikelytobefat.4.Thefirstparagraphismainlyabout________.A.why“couchpotato”isusedasatermforapersonB.when“couchpotato”isusedasatermforapersonC.how“couchpotato”isdifferentfrom“couchtomato”D.whatkindofpersonlookslikeapotato5.Thedevelopmentoftechnologyalsomakesussickbecause________byusingtechnology.A.wearemorelikelytohaveheartdiseaserisksinmodernlifeB.wespendlesstimedoingexerciseC.weneedn’tdomanythingsbyourselvesanymoreD.wespendallourtimewatchingTVandplayingcomputergames6.It’skids’________thatpeopleareparticularlyconcernedabout.A.food B.studyC.health D.hobby7.Accordingtothepassage，theauthormaysuggestthat________.A.scientistsshouldstoptheirtechnologyresearchB.parentsshouldtakebettercareoftheirchildrenC.kidsshouldbestoppedfromusingnewtechnologyD.peopleshouldspendlesstimeusingtechnology【答案】4.A5.B6.C7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了“沙发土豆”这个概念，以及人们随着科技的发展变成了“沙发土豆”，从而逐渐的缺乏锻炼，影响身体健康的现象。【4题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段最后两句“apersonmaybecomea“couchpotato”becauselivingthiswayissaidtomakeyouroundlikeapotato.Thetermisalsosaidtohavesomethingtodowiththehigh-calorie(卡路里)foodlikepotatochips.(一个人可能会变成“沙发土豆”，因为据说这样的生活方式会让你像土豆一样圆。据说这个词还和薯片等高热量食物有关)”可知，第一段主要是介绍了人们会被叫做“沙发土豆”的原因。故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Itistruethattechnologyandmodernlifeingeneralmakeussick,fat,lazyandphysically/mentallysoft.Themoretimepeoplespendusingtechnology,particularlytelevisionsandcomputers,thelesstimetheywillspendbeingphysicallyactive.(的确，科技和现代生活总体上让我们生病、肥胖、懒惰和身心虚弱。人们使用科技产品，特别是电视和电脑的时间越多，花在身体活动上的时间就越少)”可知，科技的发展使人们生病的原因是因为人们花费了很多时间在电视，电脑上，而很少进行身体锻炼。故选B项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的一二句““Couchpotato”kidsareaparticularconcern.Mediareportsrepeatedlyclaimthatchildrentodayarefatterthantheireldergenerations,butlessathleticallyskilled,lessinterestedinphysicalactivitiesandmoreaddicted(上瘾的)to“junkfood”andtechnologysuchastelevisionsandcomputers.(“沙发土豆”类型的孩子尤其值得关注。媒体报道一再声称，现在的孩子比上一代人更胖，但运动技能更差，对体育活动更不感兴趣，更沉迷于“垃圾食品”和电视、电脑等科技产品)”可知，这里是说孩子们的身体健康更应该要引起关注。故选C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据全文理解可知，整篇文章都在说随着科技的发展，人们越来越依赖电视和电脑等而缺乏身体锻炼，成为一个“沙发土豆”，导致身体越来越差，尤其是孩子们也是这样。由此推知，作者的观点是希望大家能少依赖科技，远离电脑电视等，并且多加强锻炼。故选D项。CAsGinniBazlintonreachedAntarctica,shefoundherselfgreetedbyagroupoflittleGentoopenguins(企鹅)longingtosayhello.Thesegentle,lovelygatekeeperswelcomedherandkick-startedwhatwastobeatripGinniwouldneverforget.Eversinceherchildhood,Ginni,now71,hashadadeeplovefortravel.Throughouthercareer(职业)asaprofessionaldancer,shetouredintheUK,butalwayslongedtoexplorefurther.Whensheretiredfromdancingandhersonseventuallyflewthenest,shedecideditwastimetotaketheplunge.AftertakingadegreeatChichesterUniversityinRelatedArts,Ginnibegantotraveltheworld,eventuallygettingworkteachingEnglishinJapanandChile.AnditwasinChileshediscoveredshecouldgetlast-minutecheapdealsonshipsgoingtoAntarcticafromtheislandsoffTierradelFuego,thesouthernmosttipoftheSouthAmericanmainland.“IjustdecidedIwantedtogo,”shesays.“IhadnoideaaboutwhatI’dfindthereandIwasn’tnervous,Ijustwantedtodoit.AndIwantedtodoitaloneasIalwayspreferitthatway.”InMarch2008,Ginniboardedashipwith48passengersshe’dnevermetbefore,tobeginthejourneytowardsAntarctica.“Fromseeingthewildlifetowitnessingsunrises,thewholeexperiencewasamazing.Antarcticaleftanimpressiononmethatnootherplacehas,”Ginnisays.“IrememberthefirsttimeIsawahumpbackwhale;itjustroseoutofthewaterlikesomeprehistoriccreatureandIthoughtitwassmilingatus.Youcouldstillheartheoperaticsoundsitwasmakingunderwater.”Therealizationthatthisisapreciousland,toberespectedbyhumans,wasoneofthebiggestthingsthathithometoGinni.8.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“taketheplunge”underlinedinparagraph2?A.Trychallengingthings. B.Takeadegree.C.Bringbacklostmemories. D.Sticktoapromise.9.WhatmadeGinnidecideonthetriptoAntarctica?A.Lovelypenguins. B.Beautifulscenery.C.Adiscountfare. D.Afriend’sinvitation.10.WhatdoesGinnithinkaboutAntarcticaafterthejourney?A.Itcouldbeahomeforher. B.Itshouldbeeasilyaccessible.C.Itshouldbewellpreserved. D.Itneedstobefullyintroduced.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Achildhooddream. B.Anunforgettableexperience.C.Sailingaroundtheworld. D.MeetinganimalsinAntarctica.【答案】8.A9.C10.C11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了71岁的GinniBazlinton从小就对旅行有着深深的热爱，渴望探险，不再跳舞和孩子们成家立业之后，她开始周游世界，并在2008年开始了前往南极洲的旅程。【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段第一句“AftertakingadegreeatChichesterUniversityinRelatedArts,Ginnibegantotraveltheworld,eventuallygettingworkteachingEnglishinJapanandChile.(在奇切斯特大学获得相关艺术学位后，Ginni开始周游世界，最终在日本和智利找到了教英语的工作。)”可知，此处是指做有挑战性的事情，所以taketheplunge意为“尝试有挑战性的事情”。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“AnditwasinChileshediscoveredshecouldgetlast-minutecheapdealsonshipsgoingtoAntarcticafromtheislandsoffTieradelFuego.(正是在智利，她发现自己可以在最后一刻买到从火地岛附近岛屿前往南极洲的廉价船票)”可知，是折扣的票价让Ginni决定去南极洲旅行的。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Therealizationthatthisisapreciousland,toberespectedbyhumans,wasoneofthebiggestthingsthathithometoGinni.(意识到这是一块宝贵的土地，应该受到人类的尊重，这是Ginni最深刻的感受之一)”可知，旅行结束后，Ginni认为南极洲应该得到很好的保护。故选C。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了GinniBazlinton去南极旅行的经历，再根据第一段“Thesegentlelovelygatekeeperswelcomedherandkick-startedwhatwastobeatripGinniwouldneverforget.(这些温柔可爱的看门人欢迎了她，并开始了一次Ginni永远不会忘记的旅行)”和倒数第二段GinniBazlinton对南极之旅的评价可知，文章主要介绍了GinniBazlinton的南极洲之旅让她非常难忘。由此可知，Anunforgettableexperience.(一次难忘的经历)能够概括文章主旨。故选B。【点睛】DWhowasitonthetopfloor?Thelamplitupaman’sface.Pipdidn’trecognizeit,buttheexpressionshowedthatitsownerwaspleasedtoseePip.SuddenlyPipknewwhohewaswhenhesatdowninachairnearthefire!Theconvictinthechurchyardyearsago!“Youhelpedme,Pip,”saidtheman.“Ihaveneverforgottenit.”Pipfeltnoneforhim,saying,“Ifyou’vecomeheretothankme,itisn’tnecessary.Youmustunderstand...Butyouaretired.Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrinkbeforeyougo?”“Thankyou.Iknow,youarenolongerwhatyouusedtobe.Itdoesn’thurttoaskhowyoumanagedtolivesuchalifeasagentleman.”“Ihaveabenefactor,”Pipreplied,embarrassed.“CouldIguessyourincome?”saidtheconvict,smiling.“Isthefirstfigurefive?”Pip’sheartstartedtobeatveryfast.“AnddoyouhaveaguardianwhosenamebeginswiththeletterJ?”SuddenlyPipunderstoodwhythemanwasthere.Hestoodupandheldthebackofachair.ThemantookPip’shandsandkissedthem.ButPipstillrememberedthatthismanwasacriminal.“You’relikeasonofme,Pip.IwasworkingforyouinAustralia,”themanwenton.“I’mhappyyouarespendingmymoney.”Pipsmiledandlistenedweakly.“Itwasn’teasyformetoseeyouandstaywithyouhere.Iwassentawayforlife.IftheyfindmebackinLondon,they’llhangme.”Feelingevenworseandtooconfused,Pipjustsaid,“Youaretired.Youneedagoodsleep.Goodnight.”Afteranhourortwo,somethingstartedtobecomecleartoPip.MissHavishamhadnointerestinhisfutureorplansforhimandEstella.Shewasusingthemtotakeherrevengeonmen!12.Whatdoesthefifthparagraphimply?A.ThankstoPipcamemuchtoolatetobeaccepted.B.Pipwasexcitedenoughtospeakquiteoutofbreath.C.Themandidn’tknowPipwasalreadyagentleman.D.Pipactuallydeclaredthevisitortobeunwelcome.13.Whatdoweknowabouttheman’scharacterinthepassage?A.Hewasaffectionate. B.Hewasproud.C.Hewasdisgusting. D.Hewascruel.14.WhattruthdidPipfinallyfindout?A.Heoncehelpedthemanhiddenonthetopfloor.B.ThemanwastakenawayfromEnglandforlife.C.NotHavishambutthemanwashisbenefactor.D.Onceaconvict,alwaysadangerousconvict.15.WhatmightstillpuzzlePip?A.Wherethemancamefrom. B.Howthemanbecameacriminal.C.Whowasthebenefactorofhim. D.Whatriskthemantooktoseehim.【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，是《远大前程》的节选，主要叙述的是Pip和囚犯的对话。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段的“Pipfeltnoneforhim,saying,“Ifyou’vecomeheretothankme,itisn’tnecessary.Youmustunderstand...Butyouaretired.Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrinkbeforeyougo?(Pip对他没有任何感觉，他说：“如果你是来感谢我的，那就没有必要了。你必须明白……。但是你累了。你走之前想喝点什么吗？”)”可知，第五段暗示了皮普实际上宣布客人不受欢迎。故选D。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第六段的“ThemantookPip’shandsandkissedthem.(那人握住皮普的手，吻了吻。)”可知，那个男人是充满深情的，故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Afteranhourortwo,somethingstartedtobecomecleartoPip.MissHavishamhadnointerestinhisfutureorplansforhimandEstella.Shewasusingthemtotakeherrevengeonmen!(一两个小时后，Pip开始明白了一些事情。Havisham小姐对他的未来，对他和Estella的计划都不感兴趣。她是在利用他们来报复男人！)”和倒数第五段的“I’mhappyyouarespendingmymoney.(我很高兴你花我的钱。)”可知，Pip最后发现的真相是他的恩人不是Havisham，而是那个男人，故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第五段的“IwasworkingforyouinAustralia(我在澳大利亚为你工作)”可知，Pip知道那个人是从哪里来的；根据倒数第五段的“I’mhappyyouarespendingmymoney.(我很高兴你花我的钱。)”可知，Pip知道谁是他的恩人；根据倒数第三段的“IftheyfindmebackinLondon,they’llhangme.(如果他们发现我回到了伦敦，他们会绞死我的。)”可知，Pip知道那人为了见他冒了多大的风险，因此文章里没有提到的是这个人是如何成为罪犯的，也正是Pip仍然感到困惑的，故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Friendshipscanbringjoyorsorrow.____16____,wetalkedtoresearchers,authors,andtherapists(治疗师)tolearnhowtomanagethecommonrelationshipweallface.Brokenpromises(违背承诺)Friendsareimportantforourphysicalandhealthbuttheserelationshipsaren’talwayssmoothsailing.____17____.Andamajorwaythishappensisthroughbrokenpromises.Perhapshecanceledplansatthelastminuteorsherefusedtotakepartinanimportantparty.____18____,thefirstthingtodoisrememberthatnooneisperfect,saysJanYager,PhD,friendshipcoach.____19____“Sometimesjealousy(妒忌)showsourdeepestdesires,”saysDr.Yager.“Healthyenvy(嫉妒)canmotivateyoutobecomebetterandbeinspiredbyyourfriend’ssuccess,”shesays.Shepointsoutthatitcouldbetheotherwayaroundaswell:Yourfriendsmightbejealousofyou.FeelingleftoutThere’snoworsefeelingthanwhenyoucheckFacebookMondaymorningtofindoutthatyourfriendswentonaweekendgetawaywithoutyou.ScottChristnelly,atherapist,says,“Iencourageclientstoexpresstheirfeelingsaboutitbutalsonottojumptoconclusions.”Thenfindsomeoneelsetotalkto-maybeafamilymember,oraclosefriend(notonewhowentonthetrip)-toexplainhowyoufeel.____20____.A.ExperiencingenvyBFriendbreakupscanbejustaspainfulasaromanticbrokeC.Sincethere’snorulebookonwhattodowhenthingsgettenseorgosouthD.ButwhileitmaybepainfulE.Infact,it’scommontoexperiencesomeserioushurtfromyourfriendsF.StoppingtofeeljealousofthemG.Maybethroughthatconversation,youcanbrainstormhowyouwillrespond【答案】16.C17.E18.D19.A20.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何管理一段友谊，使友谊更加长久。【16题详解】根据空后的逗号可知，空处为从句。空后内容“wetalkedtoresearchers,authors,andtherapists(治疗师)tolearnhowtomanagethecommonrelationshipweallface.(我们采访了研究人员、作者和治疗师，学习如何管理我们都面临的共同关系。)”讲述的是采访了一些专业人士来学习管理友谊。选项C“Sincethere’snorulebookonwhattodowhenthingsgettenseorgosouth(因为当事情变得紧张或恶化时，并没有规定要怎么做)”形式上为原因状语从句，意义上解释了为什么要采访那些人的原因。故选C。【17题详解】根据空后“Andamajorwaythishappensisthroughbrokenpromises.(发生这种情况的一个主要方式就是违背诺言。)”可知，空处需要提到“this”所指代的内容，且应该是违背诺言带来的后果。选项E“Infact,it’scommontoexperiencesomeserioushurtfromyourfriends(事实上，受到朋友的严重伤害是很正常的)”中提到的“experiencesomeserioushurtfromyourfriends”正是下文的this。故选E。【18题详解】根据空后的逗号可知，空处为从句。根据空后的“thefirstthingtodoisrememberthatnooneisperfect,saysJanYager,PhD,friendshipcoach.(要记住没有人是完美的，友谊教练JanYager博士说。)”可知，空处提到的应该是不好的事情发生的时候，我们应该记住人无完人。选项D“Butwhileitmaybepainful(虽然它可能是痛苦的)”形式上为让步状语从句，内容上也与下文一致。故选D。【19题详解】空处为段首句，为本段中心句。下文““Sometimesjealousy(妒忌)showsourdeepestdesires,”saysDr.Yager.“Healthyenvy(嫉妒)canmotivateyoutobecomebetterandbeinspiredbyyourfriend’ssuccess,”shesays.(Yager博士说:“有时候嫉妒显示了我们内心深处的欲望。”她说:“健康的嫉妒可以激励你变得更好，并从你朋友的成功中受到鼓舞。”)”可知，本段讲述的是嫉妒在一段关系中的必要性。选项A“Experiencingenvy(经历嫉妒)”与下文内容一致。故选A。【20题详解】根据空前“Thenfindsomeoneelsetotalkto-maybeafamilymember,oraclosefriend(notonewhowentonthetrip)-toexplainhowyoufeel.(然后找其他人倾诉——可能是家人，或者是亲密的朋友（不是去旅行的人）——解释你的感受。)”讲述的是当发现朋友们去度假而没有带上你时，要找人倾述内心的感受。选项G“Maybethroughthatconversation,youcanbrainstormhowyouwillrespond(也许通过这次谈话，你可以想出一下如何应对)”中的“thatconversation”指的正是上文的“talk”，内容上是上文的延续，解释了找人倾述的好处。故选G。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)Wilson,55,ofWestchesterCounty,NewYork,donatedoneofhiskidneys(肾)twoyearsago.Asacyclist,Wilsonwasdeterminedto____21____thattheoperationdidn’tchangehislifestyle.____22____,earlierthisyear,heclimbedtothetopofMt.Kilimanjaro.Hewas____23____tosignuptobecomeanon-directed(非定向)kidneydonorafterseeingafriend’spostonFacebook.Thefriendhadwrittenthathisteenagedaughterhadrecentlyreceivedalife-savingkidneydonationfroma____24____.Whenhegothome,hestarted____25____kidneydonationsontheInternet.Hedidn’tknowanyonewhoneededa____26____,buthedidfindoutaboutnon-directedtransplants(移植).____27____,Wilsontoldhiswifeabouthisideatobecomeanon-directeddonor,andshewastotallysupportive.Wilsonbegantakingthe____28____tobecomeakidneydonor,includingnumeroustestsand____29____physicalandpsychologicalevaluations.Wilson’s_____30_____wasanevenmoreadvanced,minimallyinvasive(微创)onecalledasingle-portsurgery.Doctors_____31_____Wilson’skidneyusinganincision(切口)madeinhisbellybutton.Afterabouttwoweeks,hewasbackonhisindoorbike,training_____32_____.Asa_____33_____ofalivingthing,Wilsonsaidthemostimportantthinghewantspeopletoknowisthatwhensomeonedonatesakidney,lifereallydoesn’t_____34_____atall.“Ifyoucanmakeanimpactduringyourtimethere,it’sawonderfulthing,”Wilsonsaid.“Buttheplanetisa_____35_____place,soitwasawayforasmallindividualtomakeanimpactonjustoneperson.”21.A.predict B.possess C.prove D.pray22.A.However B.So C.But D.Or23.A.adopted B.persuaded C.exposed D.inspired24.A.stranger B.doctor C.nurse D.relative25.A.giving B.researching C.calculating D.evaluating26.A.mission B.sample C.kidney D.computer27.A.Eventually B.Extensively C.Gradually D.Constantly28.A.liberty B.chances C.lead D.steps29.A.splendid B.thorough C.unique D.permanent30.A.operation B.donation C.test D.transplant31.A.repaired B.protected C.removed D.checked32.A.violently B.hardly C.lightly D.professionally33.A.donor B.seeker C.researcher D.seller34.A.ease B.change C.exist D.disappear35.A.beautiful B.mysterious C.competitive D.big【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.A25.B26.C27.A28.D29.B30.A31.C32.C33.A34.B35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位来自纽约州韦斯特切斯特县55岁的自行车手威尔逊捐赠了一个肾脏，并且证明这次手术并没有改变他的生活方式的故事。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一名自行车手，威尔逊决心证明这次手术并没有改变他的生活方式。A.predict预测；B.possess拥有；C.prove证明；D.pray祈祷。根据下文“hewantspeopletoknowisthatwhensomeonedonatesakidney,lifereallydoesn’t____14____atall.”可知，他想要人们知道“当一个人捐献肾脏时，生活真的一点也没有改变。”“证明”最符合句意。故选C项。【22题详解】考查连词/副词词义辨析。句意：因此，今年早些时候，他爬上了乞力马扎罗山顶。A.However然而；B.So所以；C.But但是；D.Or或。根据前后句的逻辑关系可知，“他爬上了乞力马扎罗山顶”是为了证明他的观点，因此后句是“结果”，So最符合句意，故选B项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在Facebook上看到一位朋友的帖子后，他受到鼓舞，注册成为一名非定向肾脏捐献者。A.adopted采用；B.persuaded说服；C.exposed暴露；D.inspired鼓舞。根据上文“afterseeingafriend’spostonFacebook”可知，他看了帖子后成为一名非定向肾脏捐献者，应是受到了帖子的鼓舞。故选D项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位朋友写道，他十几岁的女儿最近收到一位陌生人捐赠的挽救生命的肾脏。A.stranger陌生人；B.doctor医生；C.nurse护士；D.relative亲戚。根据上文的“non-directed(非定向)kidneydonor”可知，捐赠者是非定向的，故他们不知道捐赠者是谁，因此是陌生人。故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：回到家后，他开始在互联网上研究肾脏捐赠。A.giving给予；B.researching研究；C.calculating计算；D.evaluating评价。根据下文“ontheInternet”可知，他开始上网去搜索，是为了去研究。故选B项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他不认识任何需要肾脏的人，但他确实发现了非定向移植。A.mission任务；B.sample样品；C.kidney肾脏；D.computer计算机。根据上文“donatedoneofhiskidneys”可知，他捐赠的是肾，故选C项。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，威尔逊告诉妻子，他想成为一名非定向捐献者，她完全支持。A.Eventually最终；B.Extensively广泛地；C.Gradually逐渐地；D.Constantly不断地。根据上文“seeingafriend’spostonFacebook”、“signuptobecomeanon-directed(非定向)kidneydonor”和“hestartedresearching”可知，有以上的一些的经历之后，最后他决定告诉妻子。故选A项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：威尔逊开始经过一系列步骤成为一名肾脏捐献者，包括多次测试和全面的身体和心理评估。A.liberty自由；B.chances机会；C.lead导线；D.steps步骤。根据下文“includingnumeroustestsand____9____physicalandpsychologicalevaluations.”可知，他开始一步一步做这件事，包括多次测试、心理评估等。故选D项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：威尔逊开始经过一系列步骤成为一名肾脏捐献者，包括多次测试和全面的身体和心理评估。A.splendid精彩的；B.thorough全面的；C.unique独特的；D.permanent永久的。根据上文和句意可知，他要成为一名肾脏捐赠者，所以需要全面的身体检查。故选B项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：威尔逊的手术是一种更先进的微创手术，其中一个叫单孔手术。A.operation手术；B.donation捐赠；C.test试验；D.transplant移植。根据后文“minimallyinvasive(微创)onecalledasingle-portsurgery”可知，此处描述的是“手术”，operation是surgery的同义词，故选A项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生们在威尔逊的肚脐上切开，取出了他的肾脏。A.repaired修理；B.protected保护；C.removed取出；D.checked检查。根据上文“Wilson’soperationwasanevenmoreadvanced,minimallyinvasiveonecalledasingle-portsurgery.”可知，他进行时肾脏移植手术，故需从先从他体内取出肾脏。故选C项。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：大约两周后，他回到室内自行车上，进行了轻松的训练。A.violently剧烈地；B.hardly几乎没有；C.lightly轻微地；D.professionally专业地。根据上文“DoctorsremovedWilson’skidneyusinganincisionmadeinhisbellybutton.”可知，他已经进行了手术，所以两周后只能做轻微的运动。故选C项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：威尔逊说，作为活体捐献者，他想让人们知道最重要的事情是，当一个人捐献肾脏时，生活真的一点也没有改变。A.donor捐赠者；B.seeker搜寻者；C.researcher研究员；D.seller卖家。根据上文“Wilson,55,ofWestchesterCounty,NewYork,donatedoneofhiskidneys(肾)twoyearsago.”可知，他是一个捐赠者。故选A项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：威尔逊说，作为活体捐献者，他想让人们知道的最重要的事情是，当有人捐献肾脏时，生命真的一点也没有改变。A.ease放松；B.change更改；C.exist存在；D.disappear消失。根据上文“Asacyclist,Wilsonwasdeterminedtoprovethattheoperationdidn’tchangehislifestyle.”可知，他想证明“手术没有改变他的生活”，故选B项。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：地球是一个大地方，所以这是一个小个体对一个人产生影响的方式。A.beautiful漂亮的；B.mysterious神秘的；C.competitive有竞争力的；D.big大的。根据下文“itwasawayforasmallindividual”可知，small跟上文形成对比，故选D项。第二节(共10题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinahascountlessattractions.TheGreatWallis____36____(probable)onethatismostfamiliar____37____theWesterntourists.TheGreatWallislikeagiantstonedragon,____38____(wind)acrossthecountryfromtheoceanontheeasttothedesertonthewest.Itisthelongestwallthat____39____(build)ever,1,500milesin____40____(long).Alongthewallarewatchtowers,____41____soldierswereonthewatchforthreats.Thewallwasinitiallyconstructed____42____(prevent)invasionofneighbouringstates,andthemajorityoftheexistingwallisfromtheMingDynasty.FromthetopoftheGreatWall,peoplecanenjoyanimpressiveviewof____43____(continue)mountains,greentreesandbloomingwildflowers.Ifweweretobuildsuchawallnow,wewouldusemodernmachines.____44____,theancientChinesehadtobuildthewallbyhand.ThereasonwhytheGreatWallattractstouristsfromallovertheworldeveryyearis_____45_____itrepresentsthehighestwisdomofancientChina.Justasthesayinggoes,“HewhohasneverbeentotheGreatWallisnotatrueman.”【答案】36.probably37.to38.winding39.hasbeenbuilt40.length41.where42.toprevent43.continuous44.However45.that【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍为西方游客所青睐的中国长城及谚语“不到长城非好汉”。【36题详解】考查副词。句意：长城可能是西方游客最熟悉的景点之一。空格处修饰句子，应用副词。故填probably。【37题详解】考查介词。句意：长城可能是西方游客最熟悉的景点之一。固定搭配sthbefamiliarto...“某物为……所熟悉”，to是介词。故填to。【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：长城就像一条巨大的石龙，从东边的海洋到西边的沙漠，蜿蜒穿过这个国家。wind与agiantston