河南省洛阳市2024届高考适应性考试英语试卷含解析

河南省洛阳市2024届高考适应性考试英语试卷考生请注意：1．答题前请将考场、试室号、座位号、考生号、姓名写在试卷密封线内，不得在试卷上作任何标记。2．第一部分选择题每小题选出答案后，需将答案写在试卷指定的括号内，第二部分非选择题答案写在试卷题目指定的位置上。3．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．—Mike,it’sreallyimpossibleforustogettotherailwaystationintime!—HowIwishIcouldstopthetrain________it.A．catchB．tocatchC．catchingD．caught2．—Thelectureabout3Dtechnologywasveryinteresting.—It’sapity.HowIwishI________timetoattendit.A．had B．have C．hadhad D．havehad3．Moreandmorecollegegraduates,thesurveyshows,feelithardtofindasatisfactoryjob.A．what B．who C．as D．that4．“MadeinChina2025”aimstotransformChinafromaproduct-makingfactoryintoaproduct-makingpower,______________drivenbyinnovationandemphasizingqualityoverquantity.A．theonethat B．onethatC．one D．theone5．—Whatapity!Youmissedmybirthdayparty.—Terriblysorry!___________myunclenotvisitedmeunexpectedly.A．Should B．WouldC．Had D．Did6．Thedocumentfilm______nextweekaimsatintroducinglocalculturestotheworld.A．released B．beingreleasedC．tobereleased D．havingbeenreleased7．—Iamputtingonweightagain!MaybeIshouldstartdoingyoga.—You_______thatthewholemorning!A．aresayingB．havesaidC．havebeensayingD．weresaying8．Myteacheraskedmetocopy_____article_____secondtime． A．an;the B．an;a C．the;a D．the;the9．Mr.Wilsonisamanofpatienceandkindness,andhisgoodtempernever______him.A．fails B．disappointsC．controls D．worries10．________thedangerofdrunkdriving,manydriverspromisednevertodriveafterdrinking.A．Realizing B．TohaverealizedC．Realized D．Havingrealized11．____anyonephoneduringtheboardmeeting,pleasetellthemIambusy.A．Should B．Will C．May D．Can12．ThismorningIpickedupwalletinsurpriseonmywaytoschool.A．A;a B．the;a C．a;\ D．\;the13．Notfarfromtheclubwasthereagarden,_____ownerseatedinitplayingbridgewithhischildreneveryafternoon.A．whose B．itsC．which D．that14．---Howdidyouliketheconcertlastnight?---Ienjoyeditverymuch,butthedancers______abetterjob.A．couldhavedone B．couldn’thavedone C．coulddo D．haddone15．—Bettywasfeelingprettyblueforawhile,butshe’sbetternow.—_______.A．Oh,that’skindofyou B．CongratulationsC．Oh,I’mgladtohearthat D．It’smypleasure16．—DoyouthinkI'magoodsurfer?—Ofcourse!I________youearlier．Youmadeitlooksoeasy，gracefuleven．A．amwatching B．waswatchingC．havewatched D．hadwatched17．—AreyoucomingtoJeff’sparty?—I’mnotsure.I______gototheconcertinstead.A．must B．wouldC．should D．might18．—Gotyourdrivinglicense?—No.Itoobusytohaveenoughpractice,soIdidn’ttakethedrivingtestlastweek.A．wasB．amC．havebeenD．hadbeen19．Inthe"moongarden"onboardtheChang'e4,theshootsofcottonmarkedthefirstlivematterever_____onthemoon.A．havinggrownB．tobegrownC．beinggrownD．grown20．IthinkAna______herpackingsinceshestartedgettingthingsreadyearlythismorning.A．finishesB．hasfinishedC．hadfinishedD．wouldfinish第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）AncientFishReturnstoIllinoisWatersTheIllinoisDepartmentofNaturalResourcesisreturningafishcalledthealligatorgartothestate’srivers.Somepeoplecallthefisha“livingfossil.”ExpertsbelievethefishfirstappearedduringtheEarlyCretaceousperiodmorethan100millionyearsago.RandySauerisanIllinoisstatefisheriesbiologist.Hesaysthefishdisappearedfromthestate’sriversinthe1990s,althoughtheyhavecontinuedtodowellinsouthernstates.Sauersaysbiologistswanttobringthefishbacktonorthernrivers“becauseitisimportanttohavetoppredatorstobalancethespeciesbelowthem,”hesaid.Sportfishermenliketotrytocatchthealligatorgar.Alligatorgararethesecond-largestfreshwaterfishinNorthAmerica.Theycangrowaslargeas2.7metersandweighmorethan136kilograms.Sauersaystheirlargesizeisonereasontheydisappearedinthe1990s.Expertssayalligatorgarsare“opportunisticfeeders.”Thismeanstheywilleatalmostanything--includingsmallturtlesorducks.TheyalsoeatinvasivespeciessuchasAsianandsilvercarp.Sauerhopesthere-introductionofthealligatorgarwillhelpthestate’seffortstocontrolthecarp.Becausegarcanliveupto60years,theprogramwillcontinuetoincreaseformanyyears.Sauernotesthatfemalealligatorgarsdo“notsexuallymatureuntil11years,andthemalenottill6or7years.”Thatmeansthebiologistswilltrytoraiseandreleasealotoffishearlyintheprogramtore-introducethem.“We’reprobablygoingtostockmoreheavilythan10or20yearsdowntheroadwhenhopefullythesefishwillfindeachotherandstartdoingthejobontheirown,”Sauersays.Smalldeviceshavebeenplacedin7,000ofthefishsotheycanbeobservedaftertheyarereleasedintothewaterwaysofIllinois.Asitrainsandfloods,biologistsexpectsomeofthefishwillfollowtheriversintothestatesofLouisianaandTexas.1、whypeoplecallthealligatorgar“livingfossil”?A．Theycangrowupto2.7meters.B．Theycangrowupto136kilograms.C．Theirfossilcanbefoundonearth.D．Theyhaveexistedforover100millionyears.2、Biologistswillbringthealligatorgarbacktonorthernriversinorderto______.A．keepthespeciesbalance.B．helppeoplemakemoremoney.C．helptoprotecttheenvironment.D．increasethenumberofthealligargar.3、AccordingtoRandySauer,alligargardiedoutinnorthernriversprobablybecause_______.A．theyatealmostanything.B．theywerecaughtbysportfishermen.C．theywereveryhugeinsize.D．theriverswerepollutedthen.4、Whatcanwelearnfromtheunderlinedstatement?A．Itwillbedecadesbeforethesefishproduceyoung.B．Thereisalongwaytogobeforethefishfindeachother.C．10or20yearswillbeneededtofindthesefish.D．Thesefishcanfindeachotherthemselvesalongthewaterways.22．（8分）Indianscientistshavedesignedanewdevicewhichtheyhopewillsolveoneofthebiggestproblemswiththeuseofsolarenergy.Theycallthedeviceasolartree.Solartreeshavemetal"branches"extendingfromatall,centralpoleatdifferentlevels.Eachbranchholdsaphotovoltaic(光电的)panel,alsocalledasolarpanel.Thesepanelsareflatsurfacesthatcollectenergyfromthesunandturnitintoelectricity.DaljitSinghBediisthechiefscientistattheCouncilofScientificandIndustrialResearch,orCSIR,inNewDelhi,India.TheCSIRlaboratoriesarewherethesolartreewasdesigned.Bedisaystheshapeofthesolartreemakesitpossibletofitmorephotovoltaicpanelsinaspacethantraditionalsystemsdo."Ittakesabout4squaremetersofspacetoproduceenergywhichotherwisewouldhaverequired400squaremetersofspace,"hesays.Scientistsbelievetheenergyasolartreecollectswillbeenoughtopowerfivehomes.Thesolartreeswillmakeiteasiertoprovidesolarenergyforhomesincities,theysay.Thesolartreeswillalsotakelessspacefromfarmersinruralareas.Andtheywillcollectmoreenergythannormalphotovoltaicpanelsonthetopsofbuildings,becausetheirdesignhelpswithplacementofsolarpanelsinawaythattheyareexposedmoretothesun.Indiaistheworld'sthirdlargestproducerofgreenhousegases.Thecountryhaspromisedtoreduceitsrateofgreenhousegasproduction.Thecostofphotovoltaicpanelshasgonedowninrecentyears.Thishasmadesolarpowercheaperandeasiertouse.Butitisstillnotclearhowusefulthesenewdevelopmentsinsolarpowertechnologyare.1、Whichpicturecanshowthesolartreeinthepassage?A． B． C． D．2、WhatdoesBedisayaboutthesolartrees?A．Theyareenergy-consuming. B．Theyarespace-saving.C．Theyareeasilyaccessible. D．Theyhavegeographicallimitation.3、Whatmakesthesolartreecollectmoreenergy?A．Thehi-techmaterialsbuiltinthepanels. B．Thenumberofpanelsfixedonit.C．Thecorrectplacementofthetree. D．Theflexibilitvofitsdesign.4、What'sthepurposeofthepassage?A．Tointroduceanewtechnologicalinvention.B．Toexplainwhyscientistsdesignsolartrees.C．Todescribethefeaturesofsolartrees.D．Toshowthebenefitsofsolarpowertechnology.23．（8分）Peopleandanimalsoftenenjoylovingrelationshipswitheachother.Whenpeopleadoptdomesticated(家养的)animalsintotheirfamiliesaspets,animalsgivehumanstheblessingsofcompanionshipandfuninreturn.Inthewild,animalssometimescarryoutdramaticrescuesofpeopleindangeroussituations,miraculously(奇迹般地)sensinghumanneedsandjumpinginwithoutfeartohelp.In2000,a6-year-oldboynamedElianConzalezleftCubaonaboatboundforFloridaintheUnitedStates,buttheboatsankandeveryoneaboarddrownedexceptforElianandtwoadults.Elianandtheothertwosurvivorsheldontoinnertuberfor48hourstotrytostayafloatinthesea.Afterawhile,however,Elianbegantolosestrength,slippingunderthewaterandthengrabbingthetubeagainashefoughttostayalive.AsmallgroupofdolphinsnoticedElianstrugglingandswanovertohimtohelp.ThedolphinsformedacirclearoundtheinnertubeandtookturnsusingtheirnosestoliftElianuntilfishermenworkingintheareadiscoveredandrescuedElianandthetwoadultswhofloatednearby.Thefishermenreportedthat,whentheydiscoveredElian,hewasrepeatingaprayerthathismotherhadtaughthimbeforedrowning,askingguardianangelstoprotecthim.Miraculously,thedolphinsknewthatachildwouldneedmorehelpthanadults,sotheyfocusedonElian—andtheyfiguredoutexactlywhatneededtobedoneandcooperatedcarryoutthatplansuccessfully.Theymadeit!1、WhydidElianslipoffthetube?A．Hewastiredout.B．Thedolphinshelpedhim.C．Thetwoadultspushedhim.D．Thetubewastoosmoothtograb.2、HowdidthedolphinssaveElianConzalez?A．Theyinformedthefishermen.B．Theyformedacirclearoundhim.C．Theysupportedtheinnertubebyturns.D．TheystoppedElianslippingunderthewater.3、WhichofthefollowingwordscanbeusedtodescribeElianGonzalez?A．Confidentandstrong.B．Determinedandlucky.C．Friendlyandoptimistic.D．Adaptableandaggressive.4、Whichcouldbethebesttitle?A．PrayerDoingWonderB．Elian’sNarrowEscapeC．TheDolphinsWhoRescuedElianD．Animals:HumanBeing’sAngels24．（8分）About6yearsago,Iwasonaplanenexttoawoman.Iwastiredandwantedtotakeanap.ButbeforeIcouldgointo“ignorepattern”,shetappedmeontheshouldertointroduceherself.“Hi:mynameisHelga!”WegottotalkingandeventuallyitcameupthatIhadstartedanorganizationinhighschoolcalledR.A．K.E.(RandomActsofKindness,Etc.).AsIdescribedwhatwedid,Helgagotveryseriousandtoldmethatsheadmiredmeforthat.Shetoldmeastoryaboutthelasttimeshehadflown.ShewasonthewaytoArizonabecauseshehadgottensuddennewsthatherdad’shealthwasonthedecline.Laterherfather’sphysiciancalledtoinformherthatherdadhadrathersuddenlypassedaway.Forthe3-hourplaneride,shesatinsilencearoundstrangers.WhenshearrivedattheairportinArizona,shewalkedtothenearestwall,satdown,andcried.AndhereisthepartI’llneverforgetaboutHelga’sstory.For2hoursshesatandweptwhilethousandswalkedtoandfrointheairport.Helgalookedalmeandsaid,“Houston,notasinglepersonstoppedandaskedifIwasokaythatday.”ItwasthatdaythatIrealizedhowmuchweneedeachother.ItwasthatdayIrealizedthatkindnessisn’tnormal.Kindnessisn’tnormal.Thathasstuckwithmealltheseyearsespeciallynow.Iworkinschoolsnationwidespeakingaboutsympathy,kindness,empathy(同理心)andlove.I’mremindedallthetimethat,formanyofus,kindnessisnotusuallyourdefaultsetting.Wespendsomuchtimeworryingaboutourproblems,ourlives,ourinsecurities,gettingtoourflightsowewalkbyorignorepeopleinneedofhelp.So,I’vemadeitmymissiontodomypartinsharingstorieswithstudents,teachers,andparentsaboutourneedforcharacterandsympathy.I’malwaysbeonthelookoutforthelittleopportunitiesthatsurroundmeeverydaytodosomethingnice.1、WhatimpressedtheauthormostaboutHelga’sstory?A．Helga’sanxietyoverherfather’ssuddenillness.B．HelgahadnoonetotalktoonherflightloArizona.C．Helgawasignoredbypeoplearoundherwhenshecried.D．Helgacouldn’tgetoverhersadnessoverherFather’sdeath.2、Whichcanbestexplaintheunderlinedpart“defaultsetting”inparagraph5?A．Usualwayofdoingthings. B．Unexpectedwaytodothings.C．Ignorancetopeoplearound. D．Biggestsurprisetoothers.3、Whatcanweknowabouttheauthor?A．Hestartedmanyclubsinhighschool. B．Heusedtobeaschoolteacher.C．Heteacheskidshowtobehavewell. D．Heisapromoterofagoodcause.4、Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．ComfortingPeopleinNeed B．MakingKindnessNormalC．IgnoringUnnecessaryTroubles D．PractisingKindnessonthePlane25．（10分）DearMomandDad,Campisgreat!Ihavemetalotofnewfriends.JimisfromCalifornia,EricisfromIowa,andTonyisfromMissouri.Wehaveagreattimetogether,swimming,boating,hiking,andplayingtricksonothercampers!Everynight,wegotoanothertentsecretlyandtrytoscareothercampersbymakingscarynoises.It’ssofunnytoseethemrunoutscreaming!Now,don’tworry,Mom.I’mnotgoingtogetcaughtlikeIdidlastyear.Onethingthatisdifferentfromlastyearishowmanybugs(昆虫)thereare!Ihaveatleast100mosquitobitesandabout25antbites.EverytimeIgooutside,horseflieschaseme,too!Otherthanallthesebuggybugs,I’mhavingthebesttime!Love,TylerDearTyler,Areyousureyouareokay?Allofthosebugssoundawful!Haveyouusedallofthe“Itch-Be-Gone”creamIgotyou?Howaboutthe“Ants’kAwful”lotions(护肤液)fortheantbites?YouandyourauntEthelhavealwaysseemedtoattractthosenastyfireants.NowTyler,Iamveryhappythatyouhavemetsomenewfriendsandthatyouarehavingfuntogether.However,youMUSTstoptryingtoscareothercampers.Remember,honey,somecampersmaybescaredeasily.Iwantyoutoapologizeforanyanxietyyoumayhavecausedthemandstartbeingthenice,politeboythatIknowyouare.Doyouhearme,Tyler?Pleasebecareful.Iwantyoutocomeheresafely.Love,Mom1、WhydidTylerwritethelettertohisparents?A．Todescribehisinterestingcampexperiences.B．Toexpresshisregretaboutscaringothers.C．Toaskhisparentsforadviceaboutcamping.D．Totellhisparentsabouthissufferingsatcamp.2、Theunderlinedword“chase”inthefirstletterprobablymeans“”.A．flyawayB．getridofC．putupwithD．runafter3、Tyler’smotheradviseshimto.A．buymorelotionforthebitesB．returnwithafewfriendsC．avoidscaringothercampersD．turntothepolicewhenintrouble第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）AtthefarendofIslingtonRoadinNewton,Massachusetts,livesalittlegirlnearanddeartotheneighborhood.Two-year-oldSamanthaSavitzis1,butshelovestotalktoanyonewhoknowssignlanguage.Andherwholepersonalitychangeswhenit’ssomeonewhocan2withher.Herdesireforcommunicationhasbeen3obvioustoeveryoneintheneighborhood.

WheneverSamtriestobeneighborly,they4themselveslostforwords.Sotheyneedto5morethanabasicconversationwiththechildinthecommunity.Unfortunately,thisisn’tsomethingyoucan6withease.You’dneedthewholecommunitytolearnsignlanguage7foralittle2-year-oldgirl.Youcan’t8neighborstodothat.Youcanonlyappreciatethemwhentheydo.Ontheirown,Sam’sneighborsgottogether,9aninstructor,andarenowfully10an

AmericanSignLanguage

class.

Eventheparentsofdeafchildrendon’t11tolearnsignlanguage.NowSamhasawhole12tocommunicatewithher.Andthislevelofinclusionwillalmostcertainlyguaranteeahappier,more13Sam.Herparentssaystherearen’twordsinanylanguagetoexpresstheir14.Infact,they’realreadyseeinga15intheirdaughter.“Thefirstthingshesaystousis‘friend’”,saidhermother,“Ithinkyourheartwould16justasminedid.”SometimesitfeelslikeAmericaislosingits17ofcommunity—butthenyouhearaboutaplacelikethiswhereittakesawholevillageto18achild.Nowthevillageisaliveandishereto19usthatwhatmakesa“goodneighborhood”isnothingmorethangood20.1、A．blind B．deaf C．lame D．dull2、A．communicate B．sing C．play D．quarrel3、A．cheerfully B．peacefully C．painfully D．doubtfully4、A．make B．find C．let D．have5、A．strikeup B．putoff C．gothrough D．takein6、A．confirm B．trust C．discover D．solve7、A．still B．even C．just D．also8、A．educate B．expect C．wish D．help9、A．trained B．taught C．hired D．dismissed10、A．trappedin B．involvedin C．awareof D．equippedwith11、A．agree B．plan C．promise D．bother12、A．school B．community C．family D．club13、A．well-fed B．well-known C．well-behaved D．well-adjusted14、A．sympathy B．dilemma C．gratitude D．love15、A．complaint B．fault C．difference D．commitment16、A．melt B．race C．break D．burst17、A．control B．credit C．sign D．sense18、A．raise B．feed C．tell D．request19、A．urge B．warn C．guide D．remind20、A．neighbors B．friends C．partners D．colleagues第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）PresidentDonaldTrump'stradewarshavereachedSiliconValley.1．TrumpadministrationisconsideringtaxesonnetworkingequipmentfromChina.ThatcouldspelltroubleforcompaniesthatbuyChinesecomponentsfortheir2．(globe)cloudcomputingoperations,suchasGoogle,FacebookandAmazon,analystssay.AndchipmakerssuchasIntelcouldfacetaxesoncomputerchips.UScompaniesoftensendmostly3．(finish)chipstoChinaformanufacture,testingand4．(package).Thosecompaniescouldpayafinewhenthosechips5．(ship)backintothecountry.Sofar,UStechgiantshave6．(large)stayedoutofthetradefight.Thethreatoftariffs7．techproductsfromChinacouldforceSiliconValleyleaderstobe8．(outspoken)abouttheirconcernsthanbefore.ModemsandroutersareonalistofChinese9．(good)worth$200billionthatcouldface10%tariffsintheUnitedStatesafterAugust30.Atariffonthoseproductscouldalsohurtthetechindustry,10．useshugeITnetworkstodeliverproductsandservicesaroundtheglobe.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的间用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多若(从第11处起）不计分。Inordertosavetheplanetorraisepublicawarenessofenvironmentalissues,a‘‘UsedBookDonationCampaign”willearnedoutinourschoolnextmonth、Anyusedbookwenolongerneeditcanbedonated、AllthecollectedbookwillbedonatedtosomechildrenwholivedinpoormountainousareasofWes,China、I’msurethiscampaignwillhaveagreateffectoneveryoneinvolving、Ononehand,wecanplayaimportantpartinrecyclingresourcesfortheprotectionoftheenvironment、Ontheotherhand,somechildrenwillbenefitfromthoseusedbooksgreat、That’swhyit’sdifficultforthemtohaveaccessfrombooks、第二节书面表达（满分25分）29．（25分）最近，你校的校园网将开辟一个英语学习交流博客（blog）。请你根据下面的内容提示，为校园广播站写一篇广播稿，介绍这个博客，并欢迎同学们积极参与。1.时间：2014年2月1日开通；2.目的：促进交流，提高英语水平；3.内容：交流经验，提出问题，参与每周讨论等；注