《英语词性及分类》课件

PPTcoursewareforEnglishpartsofspeechandcla目录IntroductionOverviewofEnglishPartofSpeechClassificationofNounsClassificationofverbs目录ClassificationofAdjectivesClassificationofAdvisorsClassificationofpositionsClassificationofconnectionsSummaryandReview01Introduction单击此处添加正文，文字是您思想的提一一二三四五六七八九一二三四五六七八九一二三四五六七八九文，单击此处添加正文，文字是您思想的提炼，为了最终呈现发布的良好效果单击此4*25}ThecoursewareincludesinteractiveexercisesandexamplestohelplearnersapplytheirknowledgeinpracticalcontextsItprovidesacomprehensiveoverviewofthedifferenttypesofwordsandtheirfunctionsinEnglishsenses,enablinglearnerstobetterunderstandandusethelanguageeffectivelyCourseIntroductionLearnerswillbeabletoidentifyandclassifyEnglishpartsofspeechcorrectlyTheywillunderstandthefunctionsandcharacteristicsofeachpartofspeech,includingtheirgraphicalandsemanticrolesinsentencesLearnerswilldeveloptheirlanguageskillsinEnglishthroughpracticeandapplicationoftheknowledgegainedfromthiscourseLearningobjectives02OverviewofEnglishPartofSpeechPartofspeechreferstothecategoryorfunctionofwordsinasense,indicatingtheirgraphicalrelationshipsandsemanticrolesItisalinguisticcategorythatdefinesthetypesofwordsandtheircorrespondingfunctionsinasenseDefinitionofPartofSpeech

TypesofpartsofspeechNounAwordthatnamesaperson,place,thing,orideaExample:"teacher","school","apple","happiness"VerbAwordthatexpressesanaction,state,oroccurrenceExample:"run","study","write","exist"ObjectiveAwordthatmodifiesanoun,describingitscharacteristicsorattributesExample:"red","happy","beautiful","big"TypesofpartsofspeechAdvanced:Awordthatmodifiesaverb,objective,orotherverb,expressingManner,time,place,degree,etc.Example:"quickly","happily","exceptionally","here"Position:Awordthatexpressesarelationshipbetweenotherwordsinasense,commonlyindicatingpositionordirectionExample:"in","on","with","about"Connection:Awordthatjoinstwoormorewordsorphrasesinasense,expressingalogicalorgraphicalconnectionExample:"and","or","but","if"Intervention:Awordthatexpressesanexplanationorstrongfeeling,commonlystandingaloneinasenseExample:"Oh!","Wow!","Hooray!","Ohno!"03ClassificationofNounsCountablenounsarenounsthatcanbecountedandhaveapluralform.Theyarecommonlyassociatedwithdefinearticlessuchas"the"anddefinearticlessuchas"a"or"an"CountablenounscanbemodifiedbyobjectivesandothermodifierstoprovidemorespecificinformationaboutthenounCountablenounscanbeusedwithbothsingularandpluralforms,dependingonthecontextCountablenounUncountablenounscanbemodifiedbyobjectives,butcannotbeusedwithformalformsUncountablenounsarenounsthatcannotbecountedanddonothaveapluralform.Theyarecommonlyassociatedwithdefinedarticlessuchas"some"or"any"UncountablenounsarecommonlyabstractsorabstractconceptsthatcannotbeseparatedintoindividualunitsUncountablenounVSDopernounsareatypeofcountablenounthatreferstoapersonorsomethingthatperformsanactionTheyarecommonlyassociatedwiththepresentationparticleformoftheverb,suchas"running"or"writing"CommonnounsaregeneraltermsthatrefertoaclassofpeopleorthingsTheyarenotspecifictoanyindividualmemberoftheclass,suchas"person"or"car"DoperNounandCommonNoun04ClassificationofverbsAverbthatrequiresadirectobjecttocompleteitsmeaningExample:"Shewrotealetter."Theletteristhedirectobjectoftheverb"write."TransitionalverbAverbthatdoesnotrequireadirectobjecttocompleteitsmeaningExample:"Hefailed."Theverb"failed"doesnotrequireadirectobjecttoexpressitsmeaningIntrinsicverbTransientandinvasiveverbsAuxiliaryverbsareusedtoformthepastparticle,presentparticle,andpastvoiceTheyalsohelptoexpressthetenseandmoodofthemainverbExample:"Ihavewrittenaletter."Theauxiliaryverb"have"isusedtoformthepresentperfecttenseAuxiliaryverbsModalverbsareusedtoexpressmodularity,suchaslikelihood,opposition,andnecessityTheyarenotfollowingbyaninfinitiveverbExample:"Ishouldgo."Themodalverb"should"expressesoppositionModalverbs05ClassificationofAdjectives01AttributiveobjectivesmodifynounsandspecifytheircharacteristicsTheyarecommonlyplacedbeforethenoun,suchas"beautifulflower"and"bighouse."02Someattributiveobjectivescanbeusedafterthelinkingverbs"tobe"or"tobecome,"soas"Therosebecausered."03Attributiveobjectivescanalsobeusedwithdefinepronouns,suchas"sometalk"and"anythingimportant."AttributiveobjectivesPredictobjectivesmodifythesubjectofthepresenceandarecommonlyplacedaftertheverbTheyareusedtodescribethesubject'sstateorcondition,suchas"Sheishappy."Whenthesubjectofthepresenceisalinkingverb,thepredictiveobjectivecanbeplacedbeforethesubject,suchas"Itisinteresting."Predictobjectivescanalsobeusedwithprogressiveverbs,suchas"Heisbecomingahabit."PredictadvisoryIndicativeobjectivesareusedinstatementstodescribenounsorpronounsandexpressanassertionorfactTheyarecommonlyplacedbeforethenoun,suchas"indicativeadvisoryexample"and"interrogtiveadvisoryexample."Interrogtiveobjectionsareusedinquestionstoexpressaninquiryaboutaperson,thing,orideaTheyarecommonlyplacedbeforethenoun,suchas"Whoistall?"and"Whatisimportant?"Indicativeandantagonisticobjections06ClassificationofAdvisorsAdverbialclausesoftimeindicatethetimewhenanactionorstateoccurs,suchas"yesterday","tomorrow","nextyear",etc.ExamplesentenceIwillgototheparktomorrow(TomorrowIwillgotothepark.)AdvancementsofTimeIndicatestheplacewhereanactionorstateoccurs,suchas"here","there","home",etc.PlaceadverbialclauseIliveinBeijing(IliveinBeijing.)ExamplesentenceAdvancedofplaceAdvocateofMannerindicatesthewayinwhichanactionorstateoccurs,suchas"slowly","quickly","happily",etc.AdverbialclauseofwayShesingsbeautifully(Shesingsbeautifully.)Examplesentence07ClassificationofpositionsPrepositionsthatrepresenttemporalrelationshipsThistypeofprepositionisusedtorepresenttemporalrelationships,suchas"in","on","at","before","after","since",etc.Theyareusedtodescribetimepointsorperiods,aswellasthechronologicalorder.TemporarypositionPrepositionsthatrepresentpositionalrelationshipsThistypeofprepositionisusedtoindicatepositionalrelationships,suchas"in","on","under","above","below","over",etc.Theyareusedtodescribethepositionordirectionofanobject,aswellastherelativerelationshipinposition.PositionofplacePrepositionsthatexpressmodalrelationshipsThistypeofprepositionisusedtoexpressmodalrelationships,suchas"about","without","except","despite",etc.Theyareusedtodescribethepossibility,necessity,orprohibitivenessofacertainconditionorstate,aswellasthemodalmeaningassociatedwithacertainbehaviororstate.Modalpositions08ClassificationofconnectionsParallelconnectionsareusedtolinktwoormoresimilarelementsinaparallelstructureParallelconnectionssuchas"and,""or,"and"but"areusedtocreateparallelrelationshipsbetweensimilarelements,suchasnouns,verbs,orobjectivesTheyareoftenusedtocreateabalanceandrhythminwritingSummaryDescriptionParallelconnectionsSummarySubordinateconnectionsareusedtointroducesuborderclauses要点一要点二DescriptionSubordinateconnectionslike"because,""when,"and"where"introducesuborderclausesthatprovideadditionalinformationorspecificconditions,times,orplacesrelatedtothemainclauseTheyhelptoclarifyrelationshipsandaddcomplexitytoappearancesSubordinateconnectionsSummaryPartialconnectionsareconnectionsthatbeginwithaparticleDescriptionPartialconnectionscombinethefunctionofaverbwiththeformofanobjectiveTheyareusedtoconnectclausesorsenses,oftentocreateacontrastortoprovideadditionalinformationPartialconnectionscanalsobeusedtocreatecompoundsensesPartialconnection09SummaryandReviewReviewofthemaincontentofthiscoursePartsofspeechoverviewThissectioncoversthedifferenttypes