河北专接本考试英语点睛资料

专接本语音讲义

英语语音知识英语语音：

元音：

单元音（12）：/i:/i/e/A/a:/R/R:/u/u:/Q/E:/E/

双元音（8）：/ei/ai/Ri/iE/uE/ZE/Eu/au/

辅音：（24）

按发音方法为：

爆破音：/p/b/1/d/k/g/鼻音：/m/n/N/

摩擦音：/f/v/W/T/s/z/F/V/r/h/w/j/

破擦音：/tF/dV/ts/dz/tr/dr/旁流音：/I/

按声带震动与否为：

清音：/p/t/k/f/W/h/s/F/tF/

浊音：/b/d/g/m/n/N/v/T/z/V/dV/r/w/j/1/

音节：

一个元音，或一个元音和一个或儿个辅音音素结合称为音节。［m,n,1,N］和辅音音素结合，也可以构成一个音

节。如：/51isn/.

单词重音：

在多音节或双音节词中，有一个读得特别响亮的音节，叫做重读音节。除了一些复合词外，一般说来，每个单词

只有一个重读音节，重读音节用重音符号"5”来表示。单音节词不标重音符号，但必须重读。

开音节：

绝对开音节：辅音字母+元音字母

相对开音节：元音字母+辅音字母（除r）+e（不发音）

在重读开音节中，元音字母都读作字母的发音。

重读开音节是由一个元音字母，一个辅音字母（r除外）和一个不发音的e构成。如name,词尾带有不发音的

e,属开音节，元音a就念这个字母的本身发音（ei）。

闭音节：

元音字母+辅音字母（除r）

在重读闭音节中，元音字母a读作/A/,e读作/e/,I（y）读作/I/,。读作/R/,u读作/u/或/Q/.

（重读闭音节三要素：1.必须是重读音节；2.最后只有一个辅音字母；3.元音字母发短元音。）

补充：重读开音节和重读闭音节可以这样区别：看末尾的音节，你比如：like,ride,strike等一系列单词，它们的最

后一个音节都是二元夹一辅，即两个元音中间夹一个辅音，类似的单词就叫重读开音节；而比如：map,bag,foget

等类似的单词的末尾是两辅夹一元，即最后的音节是两个辅音夹一个元音，这样的单词就叫重读闭音节。一个单

词，不管它有多长，你只看它的最后一个音节即可。

重点掌握的语音知识

1.元音字母在非重读音节里的发音特点；

2.元音字母a在闭音节单词里的读音；

3.动词的过去式+ed的读音特点；

4.ng/al/tion/sion/ai的读音规律;

5.有时不发音的辅音字母及其规律b/k/h/t/w

6.有时发不同音的辅音字母及其规律c/g/s/x

7.其他特例singer

语音练习精选

l.A.strengthB.wealthC.thusD.overthrow

2.A.blindB.findC.mindD.think

3.A.trousersB.thousandC.southD.ought

4.A.problemB.promiseC.pollutionD.population

5.A.throughoutB.touchC.troubleD.tough

6.A.packageB.characterC.separateD.manager

7.A.functionB.structureC.nuclearD.muscle

8.A.affordB.morningC.accordingD.effort

9.A.stomachB.technicalC.chargeD.character

10.A.taughtB.caughtC.daughterD.laugh

ll.A.shineB.signC.sillyD.slight

12.A.specialB.officialC.especiallyD.physical

13.A.changeB.ChristmasC.chanceD.charge

14.A.exhibitionB.foreheadC.honorD.however

15.A.BritainB.curtainC.againD.mountain

16.A.fourB・courseC.pourD.flour

17.A.islandB.presidentC.prisonerD.peasant

18.A.oceanB.ancientC.appreciateD.century

19.A.quarrelB.dangerousC.congratulationD.operate

20.A.stomachB.otherwiseC.wonderD.continent

2LA.fortunateB.futureC.mixtureD.university

22.A.restaurantB.becauseC.daughterD.August

23.A.roughB.toughC.southernD.noun

24.A.graduateB.giantC.glassD.gift

25.A.exportB.performanceC.wordD.reform

26.A.achieveB.technologyC.acheD.stomach

27.A.marvelousB.regularC.hardyD.target

28.A.containB.certainC.dailyD.faith

29.A.cousinB.husbandC.hospitalD.desert

30.A.gardenB.largeC.marketD.quarter

31.A.studiedB.mendedC.askedD.decided

32.A.strongerB.longerC.singerD.hungry

33.A.duringB.burnC.nurseD.further

34.A.boughtB.thoughtC.foughtD.round

35.A.toothB.healthC.birthdayD.withdraw

36.A.answerB.welcomeC.anywayD.worthwhile

37.A.bookletsB.picturesC.worksD.stops

38.A.terminalB.certainC.preferD.player

39.A.belowB.townC.knowD.slowly

40.A.famousB.enslaveC.matchD.save

41.A.enoughB.aboutC.countD.background

42.A.appearB.heardC.beardD.spear

43.A.theoryB.featherC.otherD.father

44.A.thinkB.thunderC.ratherD.throw

45.A.enoughB.toughC.roughD.although

46.A.sportB.worsenC.reportD.forty

47.A.reachedB.neededC.wantedD.counted

48.A.debtB.brotherC.climbD.tomb

49.A.liberateB.liquidC.limitD.lively

50.A.gatherB.governmentc.geographyD.garden

51.A.routeB.loudC.aboutD.cloud

52.A.certainB.complainC.explainD.attain

53.A.relationB.relativeC.recoverD.religion

54.A.defyB.denyC.replyD.accompany

55.A.includeB.excludeC.concludeD.execute

56.A.sugarB.sufferC.suddenD.summer

57.A.southeastB.northwestC.southernerD.bath

58.A.canalB.chapterC.ratherD.matter

59.A.flewB.screwC.grewD.sew

60.A.generousB.galaxyC.geographyD.gymnastic

KeystoPhonetics

l.C2.D3.D4.C5.A6.C7.C8.D9.C10.Dll.C12.D13.B14.D15.C16.D17.A18.D19.A20.D21.D22.A23.D24.B

25.C26.A27.B28.B29.C30.D31.C32.C33A34.D35.D36.A37.B38.D39.B40.C4LA42.B43.A44.C45.D46.B

47.A48.B49.D50.C51.A52.A53.B54.D55.D56.A57.C58.C59.D60.B

英语语法与词汇

一、虚拟语气

1、虚拟条件句基本形式

1）与现在相反：If+主+V-ed（be-were）,主+could/would/should/mighl+V

2）与将来事实相反：If+i+should（wereto）+V,i+could/would/should/might+V

3）与过去事实相反：If+主+haddone，主+could/would/should/might+havedone

2、虚拟条件句变形

1）在非真实条件句中，省略if,助动词提前，倒装

2）含蓄虚拟语气，butfor,without,withtheabsenceof.otherwise

3）混合虚拟语气：IfyouhadnothelpedmeJwouldbeinthecountrynow.

过去相反现在相反

3、谓语动词wish与虚拟条件句基本形式相同，与现在相反：IwishIwere.......

4^asif/though似乎，好像（让步状语）Hespendsmoneyasifhewereamillionaire.

5^从句的虚拟：1）表建议：advise,propose,suggest,move:suggest表建议时用虚拟（还表示:暗示暗指）

2）表命令：order,command,direct

3）要求：demand,ask,require,request

4）推荐：recommend

5）主张、坚持：insist

1）在宾语从句中，谓语用上述动词，从句用虚拟：主语+V原：Isuggesthestayathometonight.

2）在表语从句中，主语用上述动词的名词形式，从句虚拟，形式同上：Mysuggestionisthathestayathome

tonight.

3）在同位语从句中，先行词用上述动词的名词形式，从句虚拟，形式同上：Herefusedmysuggestionthathe

stayathometonight.

4）在主语从句中，谓语用上述动词，从句虚拟，形式同上：Itissuggestedthathestayathometonight.

5>Itis+形容词+that.......从句用虚拟语气形式同上，ItisnecessarythathelearnEnglish.

常用形容词：necessary,important,essential,vital,imperative,advisable,strange,odd,natural,urgent.

例:Idon'tthinkitnecessarythathelearnEnglishwell.

6、特殊虚拟：例:Iwouldratherthathestayedathometonight.

'r+that过去式（现在/将来动

J作）

1）wouldrather宁愿...A当动作不是主语发出，

用虚拟+that过去完成式（过去动作）

国动作是主语发出：+dosth“Iwouldratherstayathome.^^

2）Itistime（that）+句子（用虚拟，用过去式）:到..时候了

Itistimethatwehadabreak.

3）Itis（was）thefirsttimethat.......（句子用虚拟,现在完成时）第几次

ItisthefirsttimethatIhavebeenhere.（现在完成式）

ItwasthefirsttimethatIhadbeenhere.（过去完成式）

4、lest放在中间，连接两部分。“惟恐”二forfearthal用虚拟（主+shoukl+V原）

Test

l.Itisimportantthatthehotelreceptionistthatguestsareregisteredcorrectly.

A.makesureB.hasmadesureC.madesureD.mustmakesure

2.Themadmanwasputinthesoft-paddedcelllesthehimself.

A.injureB.hadinjuredC.injuredD.wouldinjured

3.Jackwishesthathebusinessinsteadofhistorywhenhewasinuniversity.

A.hadstudiedB.studyC.studiedD.hadbeenstudying

4.1fonlythecommitteetheregulationsandputthemintoeffectsassoonaspossible.

A.approveB.wouldapproveC.canapproveD.willapprove

5.AsCommander-in-ChiefonthearmedforcesJhavedirectedthatallmeasuresforourdefense.

A.betakenB.wouldbetakenC.tobetakenD.hadbeentaken

6.Thearticlesuggeststhatwhenapersonunderunusualstressheshouldbeespeciallycarefulto

haveawell-balanceddiet.

A.beB.wasC.isD.were

7.Thingsmighthavebeenmuchworseifthemotheronrighttokeepthebaby.

A.hadinsistedB.hasbeeninsistingC.insistedD.wouldinsist

8.Themillionsofcalculationsinvolved,hadtheybeendonebyhard,allpracticalvaluebythetime

theywerefinished.

A.hadlostB.wouldloseC.wouldhavelostD.shouldhavelost

9.Ifthewholeoperationbeforehand,agreatdealoftimeandmoneywouldhavebeenlost.

A.wasnotplannedB.hasnotbeenC.werenotplannedD.hadnotbeenplanned

10.Wouldn'tyouratheryourchildtobedearly?

A.wentB.goesC.goD.wouldgo

ll.^Youareveryselfish.It9shightimeyouthatyouarenotthemostimportantpersonintheworld,M

Edgarsaidtohisbossangrily.

A.realizedB.haverealizedC.realizeD.shouldrealize

12.Franklyspeaking,Fdratheryouanythingaboutitforthetimebeing.

A.didn'tdoB.haven'tdoneC.don'tdoD.havedone

13.thehelpoftheirgroup,wewouldnothavesucceededintheinvestigation.

A.BesidesB.RegardlessofC.ButforD.Despite

14.ButfortheEnglishexamination,ItotheconcertlastSunday.

A.wouldhavegoneB.havegoneC.goD.went

15.Themanagerwouldratherhisdaughterinthesameoffice.

A.hadnotworkedB.nottoworkC.doesnotworkD.didnotwork

1-5.AAABA6-10.CACDA11-15.AACAD

二、定语从句

1、关系代词在从句中:

1）作主语用whoDoyouknowtheboywhoisstandingthere?

2）作宾语用whom（可略）Doyouknowthemanwhomtheteacheristalkingto?

3）作定语（所有关系）用whose（指人）：DoyouknowtheboywhosefatherisaVIP?

（指物）：Thetreewhosebranchesarealmostbareis500yearsold.

4）which既可引导限制性，又可引导非限制性。

①作主语：HaveyoureadthebookwhichwaswrittenbyQunyao?

作宾语：HaveyoureadthebookwhichQunyaowrote?

②可修饰先行词，也可修饰前面整个句子

当引导非限制性从句指代前面整个句子时，也可用as代替，

当从句在前，主句在后，只能用as,不能用which

例：Sheismarriedtoaforeigner,which（as）isknowntoeveryone.

Asisknowntoeveryone,sheismarriedtoaforeigner.

5）asjthesame......as........与...一样（指两种事物）

thesame.......that........就是...（指同一种事物）

例：Sheshowedmethesamebookasmyteachershowedmeyesterday.（两本书）

Sheshowedmethesamebookthatmyteachershowedmeyesterday.（一本书）

6）that：既可指人又可指物。

①只能用that引导的四种情况：

I：当先行词为不定代词：something,anything,everything,nothing,someone,

anyone,everyone,no,somebody,anybody,everybody,

nobody.

II：当先行词是数量词或还有表示数量的词：no,little,many,alot,much.

Ill：当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词以及。nly,very（正是、就是）修饰

IV：在特殊疑问词开头的句子中，定语从句必须用that引导。

Whoisthemanthatisstandingthere?

②绝不能用that的两种情况：

I：在非限制性定语从句中。

II：在介词提前的情况下。ThisisthebookinwhichIaminterested.

7）than：作关系代词必须出现在比较结构中，在定语从句中作主语。

eg:Hewrotetohisparentstoaskformoremoneythanisnecessary.

8）but：作关系代词作主语

eg:Thereisnoonebutlikesmoney.

Test

l.Beeristhemostpopulardrinksamongdrinker,overallconsumptionissignificant.

A.whoseB.whichC.thatD.what

2.Theprofessorcouldhardlyfindsufficientgroundshisargumentsinfavourofthenewtheory.

A.tobebasedonB.tobaseonC.whichtobaseonD.onwhichtobase

3.Livinginthewesternpartofthecountryhasitsproblem,obtainingfreshwaterisnottheleast.

A.withwhichB.forwhichC.ofwhichD.which

4.Thehoursthechildrenspendintheirone-wayrelationshipwithtelevisionpeopleundoubtedly

affecttheirrelationshipwithreal-lifepeople.

A.whenB.onwhichC.thatD.inwhich

5.Agriculturewasastepinhumanprogresswhichsubsequentlytherewasnotanythingcomparable

untilourownmachineage.

A.toB.inC.forD.from

6.Governmentreportsexaminationcompositionslegaldocumentsandmostlettersarethemainsituations

formallanguageisused.

A.inwhichB.onwhichC.inthatD.atwhat

7.Thedaywillcomesoon_Chinawillbecomeamodern.powerful,socialistcountry.

A.whenB.beforeC.sinceD.as

8.ThevillageIonceworkedhastakenonanewlook.

A.whichB.whereC.whenD.that

9.Weneedachairman.

A.forwhomeveryonehasconfidenceB.inwhomeveryonehasconfidence

C.whoeveryonehasconfidenceofD.whomeveryonehasconfidence

lO.TheBritisharenotsofamiliarwithdifferentculturesandotherwaysofdoingthings,isoftenthe

caseinothercountries.

A.asB.whatC.soD.that

1-5.ADCCA6-10.AABBA

三、状语从句（重点：时间、条件、原因、比较）

1＞时间状语从句：1）themoment]

=assoonas...........就

theminute,instant,second

eg:ItoldhimthebadnewsthemomentIsawhim.

2)everytime每当...时候

eg:Myboyfriendalwaysbuysmesth.deliciouseverytimehemeetsme..

3)连词、副词：directly/immediately...........就....

2、条件状语从句：

分词连词：1)provided/providing(that).......倘若(假如)...

2)onconditionthat......

3)Giventhat……如果……

3、原因状语从句：

1)forthereasonthat......由于....的理由

yinthat：前为结果，后为原因。“原因是……”

nowthat：放在句首表“既然...”

eg:Humanbeingsaredifferentfromanimalsinthattheycanspeakandthink.

4、比较状语从句：

1）一些拉丁文形容词本身具有比较的含义：（后接介词to）

（1）superior.......比...优（好）的、优于

（2）inferior.......比...（地位）低的、低于

（3）senior.......比...年长的

（4）junior.......比...年幼的

（5）prior\anterior.......比...早的，先于/早于

（6）posterior.......

2）同级比较：as.......as........：肯定结构]

notso.......as.......：否定结M中间用形容词或副词原形

「动词（当用副词修饰时）

Y

谓语是一

系动词（用形容词时.）

eg:HecanspeakEnglishaswellasanativespeaker.

3)比较级：I:比较对象必须一致

eg:Thesalaryoftaxidriverismuchhigherthantheteacher's.

II：比较级前加一些词表”...的多"：much,still,even,alot,far.

Ill：比较级的三个特殊结构（可用于写作）

i）moreandmore.......越来越...

ii）themore.......themore****••越……，越……

iii）比较级表示最高级：

eg:Moneyisthemostimportantthinginourlife.

Nothingismoreimportantthanmoneyinourlife.

4）最高级：the+形容词最高级副词最高级（不加the）sofar到目前为止

[byfar放在最高级前，表示‘'最"

「further:表程度递我

farLJ都表示

farther距离的远近

5、让步状语从句：1）动词提前：Tryashemight.

2）名词提前：（不加冠词）Childasheis.

3）形容词提前：Youngasheis.

4）副词提前：Hardashetried.

让步状语从句只能用as/though、that倒装，不能用although倒装。

只能放在让步状语倒装结构中间。

6.目的状语从句：lest

forfearthat

Test

l.Hewillsurelyfinishthejobnotimehe'slefttodoitinhisownway.

A.inthatB.incaseC.asfarasD.solongas

2.1washalfwaybacktothecottagewheremymotherlived_Susancaughtupwithme.

A.thoughB.untilC.whenD.while

3.Thefirewasfinallybroughtundercontrol,butnot_extensivedamagehadbeencaused.

A.afterB.beforeC.sinceD.as

4.Rodisdeterminedtogetaseatfortheconcertitmeansstandinginaqueueallnight.

A.providedB.whateverC.evenifD.asif

5.Wehadn'tmetfor20years,butIrecognizedherIsawher.

A.forthemomentB.themomentwhenC.atthemomentwhenD.themoment

6.Hewaspunishedheshouldmakethesamemistakeagain.

A.unlessB.lestC.ifD.provided

7.Therewassuchalonglineattheexhibitionwehadtowaitforabouthalfanhour.

A.asB.thatC.soD.hence

8.Contrastmaymakesomethingappearmorebeautifulthanitiswhenalone.

A.seenB.isseenC.tobeseenD.havingbeenseen

9.Readingtothemind_exerciseistothebody.

A.thatB.whereC.whatD.which

10.,theworkersintheplanthavemadegreatcontributiontothecountry.

A.AstheyyoungB.Youngastheyare

C.AsyoungaretheyD.Theyareyoung

1-5.DCBCD6-10.BBACB

四、倒装（改错、语法结构题）

在下列情况下倒装：

1）当否定词放在句首时：never,no,nosooner.......than........

2）含有否定意义的词放句首：seldom,little,hardly/scarcely/barely.......when

3）副词放句首（主语为人称代词不倒装）Herecomesthebus/Hereshecomes.

4）在非真实条件句中可省略if,倒装。

5）让步状语从句的4种情况。

6）在结果状语从句中，若so/such放在句首，主句用倒装。

eg:Soprettyagirlisshethat.......

7）only+<从句

介词结构，则主句倒装。OnlywhenyourealizetheimportanceofEnglish

canyoulearnitwell.从句

OnlyinthiswaycanyoulearnEnglishwell.

介词结构

1.1couldnotpersuadehimtoacceptit,_makehimseethe

importanceofit.

A.ifonlyIcouldnotB.nomorethanIcould

C.orIcouldnotD.norcouldI

2.Notuntilthegamehadbegunatthesportsground.

A.hadhearrivedB.wouldhehavearrived

C.didhearriveD.shouldhehavearrived

3.Theorganizationhadbrokennorules,buthaditacted

responsibly.

A.neitherB.soC.eitherD.both

4.Wehavebeentoldthatundernocircumstancesthe

telephoneintheofficeforpersonalaffairs.

A.mayweuseB.wemayuse

C.wecoulduseD.didweuse

5.Onlyunderspecialcircumstancestotakemake-uptests.

A.arefreshmenpermittedB.freshmenarepermitted

C.permittedarefreshmenD.arepermittedfreshmen

6.0nlyunderspecialcircumstancestotakemake-uptests.

A.arefreshmenpermittedB.permittedarefreshmen

C.freshmenarepermittedD.arepermittedfreshmen

7.Wehavebeentoldthatundernocircumstancesthetelephoneintheofficeforpersonalaffairs.

A.mayweuseB.wemayuseC.wecoulduseD.didweuse

8.asitwasatsuchatime,hisworkattractedmuchattention.

A.BeingpublishedB.PublishedC.PublishingD.Tobepublished

9.,theywillgoonasusual.

A.ThoughyoumayobjectB.Thoughobjectyoumay

C.ThoughyouobjectmayD.Objectthoughyoumay

10.,hedoesgetannoyedwithhersometimes.

A.AlthoughmuchhelikesherB.Muchalthoughhelikesher

C.AshelikeshermuchD.Muchashelikesher

12.Nosooner_thebus___thanthewaitingcrowdgotonit.

A.did.....stoppedB.has....stoppedC.had....stoppedD.was...stopping

13.NooneisintheworldknowstheGreatWall.

A.asB.butC.oneD.which

14.mightbeexpected,theresponsetothequestionwasverymixed.

A.AsB.ThatC.ItD.What

15.Sodangerousthatthematchhadtobestopped.

A.thestormwasB.wasthestormC.werethestormD.thestorm

1-5.DCABA6-10.AABDD11-15.DCBAB

时态

1.用将来完成时的情况：1)在将来的某一时刻前已完成willhavedone.

2)到将来的某个动作以前要完成的动作

eg:Whenhecomebackthereyearsago,hissonwillhave.Finishedcollege.

在主从复合句中，若主句用一般将来时，从句通常用一般现在时。

eg:Tiltellyouthegoodnews,assoonasIseeyou.

但是若从句表示的动作很明显先于主句的动作时候，可以用现在完成时。

eg:You'llnotbeallowedtosmokeuntiltheplacehastakenoff.

2、将来时的五种形式：

1)begoingto：①事先考虑要干什么②有迹象表明要发生什么情况

2)bedoing:瞬间(非持续性)动词：come,go,die,leave

3)beaboutto：beabouttodosthwhen......刚要做...就在这时(突然)....

eg:Iwasabouttogooutwhenthetelephonerang.

4)betodo：当按命令，要求发生的情况

5)do：当按照时刻表发生的情况，schedule例：火车9点开

ThetrainforBJleavesat9:00

主谓一致

1、语法一致2、意义一致3、邻近一致

1、邻近一致：1)neither.......nor........2)either.......or........

3)notonly....butalso..........4)therebe(isare)

2、当英语中主语后有附加成分时，谓语与主语一致，不受附加成分影响。

alongwith,togetherwith,accompaniedby陪伴，由...陪伴

3、用and连接两部分主语，呷吾两部分主语指同一种事物：用单数

L分别指不同的人或物，用复数。

eg:theteacherandfriend指同一个人，用单数

theteacherandthefriend指两个人，用复数

4、若主语是manyaboy用单数。manyboys(用复数)

用and连接两个可数名词的单数形式，并且前面都有manya,each,every,no等谓语用单数。

eg:manyaboyandmanyagirl谓语用单数

5、morethanoneboy不止一个，用单数

moreboysthanone用复数

Test

1.Neitheroftheyoungmenwhohadappliedforapositionintheuniversity

A.hasbeenacceptedB.havebeenaccepted

C.wasacceptedD.wereaccepted

2.Threemonthsonthefarm.

A.passB.haspassedChavepassedD.arepassed

3.Mathematicsthelanguageofscience.

A.areB.isC.hasD.shallbe

4.Thecommitteemadeupofcommunitymembers.

A.hasB.areC.isD.have

5.Someonewaitingforyouattherailwaystation.

A.areB.isC.havebeenD.am

6.NeitherofthemtocometotheeveningpartyonSunday.

A.wantsB.wantC.wantedD.arewanting

7.Fewofthestudentsthesolution.

A.worksoutB.isworkingoutC.workoutD.hasworkedout

8.Thereabook,apenandaruleronthedesk.

A.isB.areC.wasD.havebeen

9.Aseriesoftapespreparedforthelanguagelabuse.

A.havebeenB.areC.hasbeenD.were

10.Two-thirdsofthepeople__againsttheplan.

A.isB.hasbeenC.wasD.are

11.Tomalongwiththetwootherpersons,toattendtheconference.

A.isB.areC.beD.tobe

12.Theblindtradesinspecialschools.

A.aretaughtB.wastaughtC.istaughtD.teaches

13.Mysisterormybrother_likelytobeathome.

A.wereB.areC.havebeenD.is

14.Themajorityofthecommitteefortheplan.

A.isB.hasbeenC.wasD.were

15.Therestofthestudentstocourtfbrtheseriousdamagetheyhaddonetotheforests.

A.betakenB.wastakenC.weretakenD.wouldbetaken

16.Mostofhisclassmatesusuallygotocollegeathomeandtheremaininderabroadforfurther

studies.

A.wentB.goesC.goD.going

17.Thefirsthalfofthebookiseasytounderstandwhiletherestdifficult.

A.beB.areC.willbeD.is

18.Halfofthebookstobegoodsellers.

A.haveprovedB.provesC.arebeingprovedD.hasbeenproved

19.NotonlyyouandIbutPeter,thetopstudentinourgradenotabletosolvetheproblem.

A.areB.wereC.isD.am

20.Itwasyou,notI,who__toomuchdependentonmedicineandneverdidexercise.

A.wereB.areC.wasD.am

1-5.CBBCB6-10.ACBCD11-15.AADDC16-18.CDACA

非谓语动词

1动词不定式

1）三种时态：@to-v②tobedoingsth③tohavedonesth

2）语态：①tobedone②tohavebeendone

3）作主语：①动词不定时可以带逻辑主语，通常用for引导，

eg:Itisdifficultforsbto.......

②当形容词表示人的品行、品德或性格特征时，引导逻辑主语用of

eg:Itisconsiderateofyouto.......

Itiskindofyouto.......

4）作表语：若tow出现在系动词be之后为表语。

有些动词必须用to-v作宾语：agreeto,wantto.......

不带to的动词不定式：make,let,have等使役动词后。

|havesb/sthdosth省略to的动词不定式，强调一个动作

Ihavesb/sthdoingsth强调一个持续动作。例：让灯一直亮着。

havesb/sthv-ed过去分词）（含被动）让别人....

5）作定语：放在被修饰词之后,例：Ihavealotofworktodo.

必须用to-v作定语的情况：

①当被彳修饰i司是ability,chance,opportunity,decision,failure,promise,plan.......

②当被修饰名词前有序数词或last,best修饰时。

6）作状语：inorderto

Y

j用于引导目的状语，若用在后面表目的，两者均可。

soasto若放在前面表目的，只能用

7）特殊结构：①too.......to②enough........to③onlyto........引导结果状语表出人意料的结果

eg:Hehurriedtotheairport,onlytofindtheplanehastakenoff.

2^动名词：v-ing：1）下列词后跟v-ing作宾语：mind,escape,avoid

2）作介词的宾语：eg:lookforwardto+v-ing

3）作定语:yasleepingboy现在分词

asleepingcar卧铺

区分原则q现在分词作定语可改为定语从句

%名词作定语表示性质、用途

4）用动名词的固定结构：©havedifficult/trouble（in）doingsth

②haveahard/goodtimedoingsth

③Itisnouse/good/point/sensedoingsth

©Thereisnouse/good/point/sensedoingsth

5）既可跟动名词又可跟to・v作宾语：start-doingbegindoing

todoto-do没区别

likeydoing

ltodo有点区别

意思完全不同：①rememberdoing记得做过某事+to-v记得去做

②forget忘记是否做过某事忘记去做某事

③try试着做某事努力去做某事

④mean意味着打算

⑤regret后悔做了某事遗憾去做

©go