Unit+5+Languages+Around+the+World+Reading+and+Thinking+课件【知识精讲精研】高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

Explore

the

Chinese

Writing

SystemReadingandThinkingReview1.basic

adj.基本的2.refer

vi.提到;参考;使……求助于3.classic

adj.经典的;n.经典著作4.billionn.十亿5.appreciate

vt.欣赏;感激vi.增值6.equal

n.同等的人/物adj.相同的7.demand

n.要求vt.强烈要求;查问8.relation

n.关系;联系9.character

n.文字符号角色品质特点10.global

adj.全球的11.specific

adj.特定的;明确的;具体的12.description

n.描写13.beggar

n.乞丐14.upsanddowns

浮沉,兴衰 15.avarietyof

各种各样的16.

relate

to

与…有关17.regard...as...

认为…是… 18.bebasedon

以…为基础 19.majorin

主修…20.strugglefor

为…而努力OracleboneinscriptionsTheyaresymbolscarvedonanimalshellsorbones.AncientChinesepeoplecreatedthemasearlyasover3000yearsago.boneshellLeadinCanyourecognizethefollowingsymbols?马鱼鹿牛simplifiedChinesecharactersLead-inpicture-basedsymbolsVideoTimeThetextmaybeaboutthe_________________________anditshistoryfrom_______to____________.topicfocusChinesewritingsystemthepastthepresent

PredictionJiaguwenMaybetheyaretheearliestChinesecharacters.Accordingtothetitle,canyouguesshowthetextisorganized?

ChinesewritingsystemconnectthepastthepresentThetextisorganizedin______order.timeTheChinesewritingsystemisoneofthereasonswhyChinesecivilizationhas

survivedintomoderntimes.WrittenChinesewasapicture-basedlanguageatthebeginningChinesewritingsystembecamewell-developed

anddevelopedintodifferentforms.TheChineselanguageishelpingtospreadChina’scultureandhistorytotheworld.WrittenChineseconnectsChina’spresentwithitspast,andhasbecomeanartform.Chinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.123456ABCDEFSkimmingformainideasReadforstructureIntroductionBodyConclusionPart1:_______Para.1Part2:_______Para.2-4Part3:_______Para.5-6

TopicHistoryandDevelopmentImportancegeneralgeneralspecificWhat’sthewritingstyleofthetext?Narration 记叙文

B.Argument议论文

C.Exposition说明文Readfordetails

①Chinaiswidelyknownforitsancient

civilisation

whichhascontinuedallthewaythroughintomoderntimes,despitethemanyupsanddownsinitshistory.②Therearemanyreasonswhythishasbeenpossible,butoneofthemainfactorshasbeentheChinesewritingsystem.尽管历史跌宕起伏，中国因其古老文明一直延续至今而闻名于世。其存续的原因有很多，但主要因素之一是汉字的书写体系。Para.1因...而出名civilcivilizecivilized古代的，古老的文明一路上，一直，始终bythewayintheone’swayoutofone’swayinaway=inoneway在某种程度上定从-物-主语-【关系代词】状语despite=inspiteof+n.定从-原因-【关系副词】

定语从句：

在复合句中修饰名词或代词，在句子中起定语作用的从句Bobbyisaboywhoisveryhandsome..先行词关系词定语从句先行词:被修饰的名词或代词关系词：1.连接从句；2.替代先行词；3.在从句中充当成分关系代词可指代从句中的成分whowhomwhichthatwhose人主语、宾语人宾语物主语、宾语人、物主语、宾语人、物定语关系副词指代充当成分when/where/why的用法whenwhywherereasonplacetime时间状语原因状语地点状语

关系副词--Why引导定语从句时，先行词通常为reason，关系词在从句中作原因状语，可用“for+which”来替换。Doyouknowthereason

why

(forwhich)heissoupset?Doyouknowthereason.Heissoupset.

分解why作原因状语★不能看到reason,就用why.看从句缺什么成分Thisisthereason

_____hewaslate.Thisisthereason____________hetoldusforhisbeinglate.

whythat/whichScanthetexttofindthewordsandphrasesthatdescribeatime.Scanningislookingatthetextquicklytofindspecificinformation,suchasdatesornumbers.Atthebeginning

WrittenChinese

wasa_____________________.picture-basedlanguageWritedownwhathappenedateachofthoseimportanttimes.ReadingforspecificinformationReadfordetails

Atthebeginning,writtenChinesewasapicture-basedlanguage.Itdatesback

severalthousandyears

totheuseoflonggu—③

animalbonesandshellsonwhich

symbols

werecarvedbyancientChinesepeople.Someoftheancientsymbolscanstillbeseenintoday’shanzi.起初，汉语是一种基于图形的语言。它可以追溯到数千年前使用龙骨的时期——古代中国人在这些骨头和壳上面刻画简单的符号。这些符号在今天的汉字中仍然可以看到。Para.2定从-物-地点状语-【介词+关系代词】Heistheman

inwhomyoucanbelieve.2.“二动”看定语从句中动词或形容词与介词的搭配。Hegavemesomebooks

with

whichIamnotveryfamiliar.1.“一先”看介词与先行词搭配。Thisisourclassroominwhichthereisateacher’sdesk.The

farmonwhichmyfatherworksisfarfromthetown.3.“三意义”根据句意而定。Thesoldier,withoutwhomIwouldn'thavesuvivedtheearthquake,retiredlastweek.介词+which,介词如何选择?介词选择的三个原则“一先”，即根据先行词的习惯搭配或意义来确定介词。“二动”，即根据定语从句中的谓语动词的习惯搭配来确定介词。“三意义”，即根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定介词。技巧点拨:介词+关系代词引导定语从句时,如先行词是人,关系代词只能为whom.如先行词是物,关系代词只能为which.用介词＋关系代词填空1.Whoistheperson_______

_______youjustshookhands?2.Chinaisapowerfulcountry,_______

_______weareproud.3.Thisisthetree_______

_______weusedtoplaygames.4.Thisismyglasses,_______

_______Ican’tseeclearly.5.Doyouremembertheday_______

_______youjoinedourclub?withwhomwithoutwhichunderwhichofwhichonwhichAtthebeginningBytheShangDynastySymbols

becamea____________________writingsystem.

well-developedReadingforspecificinformationReadfordetails

By

theShangDynasty(around1600-1046BCE),thesesymbolshadbecomeawell-developedwritingsystem.到商朝(约公元前1600年~前1046年右)时，这些符号已经演变成一套完善的书写体系。Para.3By+过去时间

“到...时间为止”引导时间状语主句用过去完成时AtthebeginningBytheShangDynastyOvertheyearsReadingforspecificinformationThesystem

developedinto

__________________.differentformsReadfordetails④Overtheyears,thesystemdevelopedintodifferentforms,asitwasatimewhenpeopleweredivided

geographicallyleadingtomanyvarietiesof

dialectsandcharacters.This,however,changedunderEmperorQinshihuangoftheQinDynasty(221-207BCE).在随后的年代里，这一体系发展成了不同的形式，这是由于当时中国人居住地域的分隔，从而导致不同的方言和汉字变体的产生。然而，这在秦朝(公元前221-前207年)秦始皇统治时期发生了变化。Para.3v.形成；组织；培养n.形式；表格；类别状语从句（原因）定从-状语-【关系副词】divideinto分份separateinto分开，分离geographygeographic（学术）geographical=avarietyof=various关系副词--When

引导定语从句时，先行词为表示时间的名词，关系词在从句中作时间状语，可用“介词+which”来替换。I’llneverforgetthedaywhen(onwhich)

Ijoinedtheteam.I’llneverforgettheday.Ijoinedtheteamonthatday.分解when作时间状语

when引导的定语从句修饰表示时间的名词time,hour,day,year,moment,occasion时刻，age年代，period阶段,interval间隙等词，并在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于介词(in/on/during)+whichI’llneverforgetthedate

when(onwhich)mybabyboywasborn.Theystayedwithmethreeweeks,when(duringwhich)theydrankallthewineIhad.★不能看到时间就用when看从句缺什么成分I’llneverforgettheday______Ilivedinthemountains.I’llneverforgettheday_______________Ispentonthemountains.whenthat/which/省略AtthebeginningBytheShangDynastyOvertheyearsReadingforspecificinformationTheQinDynastyChinesewritingsystem

beganto_______________________.develop

inonedirectionReadfordetails⑤EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajor

statesintooneunifiedcountrywheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.ThatwritingsystemwasofgreatimportanceinunitingtheChinesepeopleandculture.秦始皇统一七个诸侯国后，在这个统一的国家里，汉字书写体系开始朝着一个方向发展。这一书写体系对于团结中国人民和中国文化具有重要意义。Para.4be+of(+adj.)+n.=be(+sdv.)+adj.n.单元，小结，个体v.联合，团结n.联盟，联合n.一致，统一v.统一n.状态；国家；adj.州的；v.陈述，规定定从-物-地点状语-【关系副词】unituniteunionunityunify

major→maiority→majorlyminor→minority

关系副词--Where引导定语从句时，先行词为表示地点的名词，关系词在从句中作地点状语，可用“介词+which”来替换。Theschoolwhere(inwhich)mysonstudiesisnearapark.Theschoolisnearapark.Mysonstudiesinthisschool.

分解where作地点状语

where还可用在表示抽象意义的地点名词后，如situation,stage,point,case,position,condition等,意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中”Ihavecometothepoint

where(atwhich)Ican'tstandhim. 我已经到了无法容忍他的地步。He'sgotintothesituation

where(inwhich)heisindebt. 他已经陷人负债累累的境地。Atlasthegottheposition(that/which)hehadbeendreamingof.他最终得到了他梦寐以求的那个职位。

★不能看到地点就用where,看从句缺什么成分

Thisisthehouse_______hewasborn.Thisisthehouse_____________wassetupbyhisparents.wherethat/whichAtthebeginningBytheShangDynastyOvertheyearsReadingforspecificinformationTheQinDynastyEventodayChinesepeoplecanallstill________________inwriting.communicateReadfordetails⑥

Eventoday,nomatterwhereChinesepeopleliveorwhat

dialecttheyspeak,theycanallstillcommunicateinwriting.即使在今天，不管住在哪里，也不管说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。Para.4nomatterwhat=whatever

nomatterwhich=whichevernomatterhow=however

nomatterwhen=whenever

no

matterwho=whoever

nomatterwhere=wherever

状语从句（让步）Mandarin普通话AtthebeginningBytheShangDynastyOvertheyearsReadingforspecificinformationTheQinDynastyPeoplecanreadthe____________writteninancienttimes,andregard__________________asanartform.ChinesecalligraphyclassicworksEventodayInmoderntimesReadfordetails

⑦WrittenChinesehasalsobecomeanimportantmeans

bywhichChina’spresentisconnectedwithitspast.⑧Peopleinmodemtimescanreadtheclassicworks

whichwerewrittenbyChineseinancienttimes.

⑨ThehighregardfortheChinesewritingsystemcanbeseeninthedevelopmentofChinesecharactersasanartform,knownasChinesecalligraphy,whichhasbecomeanimportantpartofChineseculture.汉语也成为连接中国现在与过去的一个重要媒介。现代中国人可以阅读古代中国人撰写的经典作品。中国人对其书写体系推崇备至，这体现在汉字发展为一种艺术形式——书法。书法已经成为中国文化的重要组成部分。Para.5定从-物-地点状语-【介词+关系代词】定从-物-主语-【关系代词】后置定语-【过去分词】非限制性定从-物-主语-【关系代词】与...相连/有联系connect..to/with..把..联系起来

★非限制性定语从句vs.限制性定语从句

Ilikegirlswhoarebeautiful.ThisismyfriendMorty,whoisagoodboy.AtthebeginningBytheShangDynastyOvertheyearsReadingforspecificinformationTheQinDynastyEventodayInmoderntimesTodayChinesewritingsystemisstillan_____________________________.

importantpartofChineseculture马ReadfordetailsToday,theChinesewritingsystemisstillanimportantpartofChineseculture.⑩AsChina

playsagreaterroleinglobalaffairs,anincreasingnumberofinternationalstudentsarebeginningtoappreciateChina’scultureandhistorythroughthisamazinglanguage.如今，汉字书写体系仍然是中国文化的重要组成部分。随着中国在全球事务中扮演着越来越重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉字这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。Para.6随着-时间状语-【关系代词】在...中扮演一个...角色playa(leading,major...)partintakeanactivepartin积极参与SummaryAtthebeginningBytheShangDynastyOvertheyearsIntheQinDynastyInthemoderntimesTodayWrittenChineseisa________language.Symbolsbecamea_____________writingsystem.well-picture-basedThesystemdevelopedinto______________.different

Chinesewritingsystembeganto__________________.developinone

directionPeopleread__________writtenbyChineseinancienttime,andregard________asanartform.ChineseChinesewritingisanimportantpartof______________.

Chinese

classicworksEventodaydevelopedforms

culture

calligraphyChinesepeoplecanallstill________inwritingcommunicatepastpresentPara.4：WrittenChinesewasofgreatimporta