军队文职人员招聘英语言文学(习题卷3)

试卷科目：军队文职人员招聘英语言文学军队文职人员招聘英语言文学(习题卷3)PAGE"pagenumber"pagenumber/SECTIONPAGES"numberofpages"numberofpages军队文职人员招聘英语言文学第1部分：单项选择题，共100题，每题只有一个正确答案,多选或少选均不得分。[单选题]1._____asbadasthoseimposedonpauperchildrenrapidlydevelopedinenterprisesemployingnonpauperchildren.A)StatesB)PlightsC)RequirementsD)Conditions答案:D解析:句意：强加在流浪儿童身上的恶劣的工作条件在雇用非流浪儿童的企业里得到迅速发展。condition（工作等的）条件，环境。state状态；政府，州。plight境况，困境。requirement所需之物。[单选题]2.Howmanysyllablesdoestheword?syllable?have？A)IB)2C)3D)4答案:C解析:语言学概念的实例分析。题目考查对syllable(音节)的理解。一般情况下，一个元音就是一个音节，但是某些特定的辅音(如[b]、[d])可以和其他辅音(如[l])构成一个音节，因此middle有两个音节，虽然它只有一个元音，而syllable有两个元音，却有三个音节。[单选题]3.Althoughhewassick,hewasstill_____towhatwashappeningaroundhim.A)awakeB)versatileC)capableD)aware答案:A解析:句意：尽管他病着，仍然知道周围发生了什么。aware知道的，意识到的。awake醒着的，警觉的。versatile多方面的，多才多艺的，万用的。capable有能力的，有才能的。[单选题]4.He()withSmithatleastfourtimesinthepastthreeyears.A)hasbeenseentomeetB)wasseentomeetC)hadbeenseenmeetingD)isseenmeeting答案:A解析:考查完成时的被动语态。由时间状语inthepastthreeyears可知，本句用完成时态。且本句he作主语，应为hewasseentomeet，两个时态加在一起可知，A为正确答案。故本题选A。句意：在过去三年中，有人看见他与史密斯会面至少四次。[单选题]5.Thestudyoftheinternalstructureofwordsis()A)SemanticsB)MorphologyC)SyntaxD)Phonology答案:B解析:语言学基本概念。Morphology(形态学)研究的是单词的内部构造。[单选题]6.Heneverhadmuchmoneyforhimselfandhisfamily,buthe_____agoodhealth.A)possessedB)professedC)recountedD)refined答案:A解析:possesse拥有。profess表示，承认。recount详细叙述。refine精炼。[单选题]7.Thebranchoflinguisticsthatstudiesthesystemsandpatternsofspeechsoundsinalanguageiscalled_____.A)acousticsB)phonologyC)phoneticsD)articulation答案:B解析:音位学是研究人类语言中的语音模块系统和模式的方法。[单选题]8.?Whereareyougoing???Ihavetocall_____mysuitbeforethelaundrycloses.?A)upB)overC)forD)off答案:C解析:callfor去取；唤起。callup征召；使想起。callover点（名）。calloff取消。[单选题]9.Thesmallestmeaningfulunitoflanguageis()A)phoneB)morphemeC)phonemeD)allomorph答案:B解析:考查语言学。题干为：语言中有意义的最小的单位是以下哪一项？词素是语言中有意义的最小单位，B项morpheme(词素)符合条件。A项phone(音素)，C项phoneme(音位)和D项allomorph(语素变体)均不符合，排除。[单选题]10.NowI?dlikeyoutospendfiveminutestalkingaboutthetopic:What_____youdoifyou_____President?A)will;becameB)would;becameC)would;havebecomeD)will;havebecome答案:B解析:句意：现在，我们花五分钟的时间来讨论一下这个主题：如果你是总统，你会怎么做？本题考的是虚拟语气的用法，根据句意，此题表示的是与现在事实相反的虚拟，所以从句要用过去式，主句要用would。[单选题]11.Trafficstatisticspaintagloomypicture.Tohelpsolvetheirtrafficwoes,somerapidlygrowingU.S.citieshavesimplybuiltmoreroads.Buttrafficexpertssaybuildingmoreroadsisaquick-fixsolutionthatwillnotalleviatethetrafficprobleminthelongrun.Soaringlandcosts,increasingconcernoversocialandenvironmentaldisruptionscausedbyroad-building,andthelikelihoodthatmoreroadscanonlyleadtomorecarsandtrafficarepowerfulfactorsbearingdownona1950s-styleconstructionprogram.Thegoalofsmart-highwaytechnologyistomaketrafficsystemsworkatoptimumefficiencybytreatingtheroadandthevehiclestravelingonthemasanintegraltransportationsystem.Proponentsoftheadvancedtechnologysayelectronicdetectionsystems,closed-circuittelevision,radiocommunication,rampmetering,variablemessagesigning,andothersmart-highwaytechnologycannowbeusedatareasonablecosttoimprovecommunicationbetweendriversandthepeoplewhomonitortraffic.Pathfinder,aSantaMonica,California-basedsmart-highwayprojectinwhicha14-milestretchoftheSantaMonicaFreeway,makingupwhatiscalleda?smartcorridor?,isbeinginstrumentedwithburiedloopsinthepavement.Closed-circuittelevisioncamerassurveytheflowoftraffic,whilecommunicationlinkedtopropertyequippedautomobilesadvisemotoristsoftheleastcongestedroutesordetours.Notalltrafficexperts,however,looktosmart-highwaytechnologyastheultimatesolutiontotrafficgridlock.Somesaythehigh-techapproachislimitedandcanonlyoffertemporarysolutionstoaseriousproblem.?Electronicsonthehighwayaddressesjustoneaspectoftheproblem:howtoregulatetrafficmoreefficiently,?explainsMichaelRenner,seniorresearcherattheworld-watchInstitute.?Itdoesn?tdealwiththecentralproblemoftoomanycarsforroadsthatcan?tbebuiltfastenough.Itsendspeoplethewrongmessage?.Theystartthinking?Yes,thereusedtobeatrafficcongestionproblem,butthat?sbeensolvednowbecausewehaveadvancedhigh-techsysteminplace.?Larsonagreesandadds,?Smarthighwayisjustoneofthetoolsthatweusetodealwithourtrafficproblems.It?snotthesolutionitself,justpanofthepackage.Therearedifferentstrategies.?Othertrafficproblem-solvingoptionsbeingstudiedandexperimentedwithincludecarpooling,rapidmass-transitsystems,staggeredorflexibleworkhours,androadpricing,asystemwherebymotoristspayacertainamountforthetimetheyuseahighway.Itseemsthatweneedanew,majorthrusttodealwiththetrafficproblemsofthenext20years.Therehastobeabigchange.Whatistheappropriatetitleforthepassage?A)SmartHighwayProjects-TheUltimateSolutiontoTrafficCongestion.B)AQuickFixSolutionfortheTrafficProblems.C)AVenturetoRemedyTrafficWoes.D)HighwaysGetSmart-PartofthePackagetoRelieveTrafficGridlock.答案:D解析:主旨题。本文主要围绕交通问题的解决展开论述，并提出建立smart-highway是个不错的办法，根据第三段提到的?Smarthighwaysisjustoneofthetoolsthatweusetodealwithourtrafficproblems?，可知smart-highway只是?partofthepackage?，而不是最终解决之道。选项D符合文意。[单选题]12.Thepathintheparklookedbeautiful，()with()leaves.A)covered；fallingB)covered；fallenC)covering；fallingD)covering；fallen答案:B解析:考查非谓语动词。动词cover的逻辑主语为Thepath，二者为动宾关系，即Thepathiscoveredwith...故第一个空填covered，排除C、D两项。falling表主动、进行或原因、条件等，fallen表被动或完成状态。通过分析可知，覆盖在小路上的应为?已经掉落的叶子?，故fallen更符合句意。故本题选B。句意：公园里的小路看起来很漂亮，满是落叶。[单选题]13.()，domesticatedgrapesgrowinclusters，rangeincolorfrompalegreentoblack，andcontainsugarinvaryingquantities.A)TheirbotanicalclassificationasberriesB)AlthoughtheirbotanicalclassificationasberriesC)BecauseberriesbeingtheirbotanicalclassificationD)Classifiedbotanicallyasberries答案:D解析:考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，所填空后面为一个完整的句子，主语为grapes，谓语为grow、range和contain，故横线处不构成句子主干，应为非谓语成分。B项意为?尽管它们在植物学上被归为浆果?与后面的句子在意义上并不构成转折关系，故排除。C项意为?因为它们在植物学上被归为浆果?与后面的句子在意义上并不构成因果关系，故排除。D项?在植物学上被归为浆果?符合语法和语义，Classified的主语应为grapes，grapes被归类为浆果，用过去分词表被动。故本题选D。句意：家里种的葡萄在植物学上被归为浆果，它们成簇生长，颜色从淡绿色到黑色不等，且含糖量不同。[单选题]14.Thefansdidnotthink()ofhimbecausetheyknowhowpoorlyhewas.A)highB)highlyC)badD)badly答案:B解析:考查副词辨析。粉丝们对他评价不高，因为他们知道他水平差。[单选题]15.Mendifferfromwildbeasts_____theyhavebeautifulthoughtsandtheycanexpresstheirthoughtsinclearandfittinglanguage.A)sothatB)bythewayC)inthatD)asaresult答案:C解析:句意：人类与野兽不同，因为他们拥有思想，他们可以用适当的语言清楚地表达自己的想法。inthat由于，因为。sothat因此。bytheway顺便说一下。asaresult作为…的结果，结果是。根据句意，C项正确。[单选题]16.Nointellectual_____existsentirelyindependentofotherfields;thisisastrueofthehistoryofmedicineasofanyfield.A)conductB)deceptionC)trialD)endeavor答案:D解析:endeavor努力。conduct行为，举动；指导。deception欺骗，骗术。trial审判，试验。[单选题]17.()areboundmorphemesbecausetheycannotbeusedasseparatewords.A)RootsB)StemsC)AffixesD)Compounds答案:C解析:考查黏着语素。题干为：以下哪一项是黏着语素，不能被作为单独的单词使用？A项Roots(词根)、B项Stems(词干)和D项Compounds(复合词)都可以作为单独的单词使用，只有C项Affixes(词缀)必须依附其他语素构成单词，才可作为单独的单词使用。[单选题]18.()isAustralia?smostimportantindustrialcityandthecapitalofNewSouthWales.A)MelbourneB)SydneyC)CanberraD)Brisbane答案:B解析:考查澳大利亚城市。悉尼是重要的工业城市，也是新南威尔士州的首府，所以A项Melbourne(墨尔本)C项Canberra(堪培拉)和D项Brisbane(布里斯班)均错误。[单选题]19.Mywatchfelldownonthegroundandtherewasahairlinecrackinthe()ofdialplate.A)frontierB)boundaryC)limitD)rim答案:D解析:考查名词辨析。我的手表掉在地上，表盘边缘有一道细缝。[单选题]20.Thecityof_____isnicknamed?SpaceCityofUSA?.A)LosAngelesB)HoustonC)BostonD)Honolulu答案:B解析:Houston（休斯顿）是美国得克萨斯州的第一大城，全美国第四大城。休斯顿官方绰号为SpaceCity?太空城?，因为它是约翰逊航空中心的所在地，任务监控中心也设在该地。[单选题]21.Joyandsadnessareexperiencedbypeopleinallculturesaroundtheworld,buthowcanwetellwhenotherpeoplearehappyor?despondentItturnsoutthattheexpressionofmanyemotionsmaybeuniversal,Smilingisapparentlyauniversalsignoffriendlinessandapproval.Baringtheteethin?ahostileway,asnotedbyCharlesDarwininthenineteenthcentury,maybeauniversesignofanger.Astheoriginatorofthetheoryofevolution,Darwinbelievedthattheuniversalrecognitionoffacialexpressionswouldhavesurvivalvalue.Forexample,facialexpressionscouldsignaltheapproachofenemies(orfriends)intheabsenceoflanguage.Mostinvestigators?concur?thatcertainfacialexpressionssuggestthesameemotionsinapeople.Moreover,peopleindiverseculturesrecognizetheemotionsmanifestedbythefacialexpressions.InclassicresearchPaulEkmantookphotographsofpeopleexhibitingtheemotionsofanger,disgust,fear,happiness,andsadness.Hethenaskedpeoplearoundtheworldtoindicatewhatemotionswerebeingdepictedinthem.ThosequeriedrangedfromEuropeancollegestudentstomembersoftheFore,atribethatdwellsintheNewGuineahighlands.AllgroupsincludingtheFore,whohadalmostnocontactwithWesternculture,agreedontheportrayedemotions.TheForealsodisplayedfamiliarfacialexpressionswhenaskedhowtheywouldrespondiftheywerethecharactersinstoriesthatcalledforbasicemotionalresponses.Ekmanandhiscolleaguesmorerecentlyobtainedsimilarresultsinastudyoftenculturesinwhichparticipantswerepermittedtoreportthatmultipleemotionswereshownbyfacialexpressions.Theparticipantsgenerallyagreedonwhichtwoemotionswerebeingshownandwhichemotionwasmoreintense.Psychologicalresearchersgenerallyrecognizethatfacialexpressionsreflectemotionalstates.Infact,variousemotionalstatesgiverisetocertainpatternsofelectricalactivityinthefacialmusclesandinthebrain.Thefacial-feedbackhypothesisargues,however,thatthecausalrelationshipbetweenemotionsandfacialexpressionscanalsoworkintheoppositedirection.Accordingtothishypothesis,signalsfromthefacialmuscles(?feedback?)aresentbacktoemotioncentersofthebrain,andsoaperson?sfacialexpressioncaninfluencethatperson?semotionalstate.ConsiderDarwin?swords:?Thefreeexpressionbyoutwardsignsofanemotionintensifiesit.Ontheotherhand,therepression,asfaraspossible,ofalloutwardsignssoftensouremotions.?Cansmilinggiverisetofeelingsofgoodwill,forexample,andfrowningtoanger?Psychologicalresearchhasgivenrisetosomeinterestingfindingsconcerningthefacial-feedbackhypothesis.Causingparticipantsinexperimentstosmile,forexample,leadsthemtoreportmorepositivefeelingsandtoratecartoons(humorousdrawingsofpeopleorsituations)asbeingmorehumorous.Whentheyarecausedtofrown,theyratecartoonsasbeingmoreaggressive.Whatarethepossiblelinksbetweenfacialexpressionsandemotion?Onelinkisarousal,whichisthelevelofactivityorpreparednessforactivityinanorganism.Intensecontractionoffacialmuscles,suchasthoseusedinsignifyingfear,heightensarousal.Self-perceptionofheightenedarousalthenleadstoheightenedemotionalactivity.Otherlinksmayinvolvechangesinbraintemperatureandthereleaseofneurotransmitters(substancesthattransmitnerveimpulses.)Thecontractionoffacialmusclesbothinfluencestheinternalemotionalstateandreflectsit.Ekmanhasfoundthattheso-calledDuchennesmile,whichischaracterizedby?crow?sfeet?wrinklesaroundtheeyesandasubtledropintheeyecoverfoldsothattheskinabovetheeyemovesdownslightlytowardtheeyeball,canleadtopleasantfeelings.Ekman?sobservationmayberelevanttotheBritishexpression?keepastiffupperlip?asarecommendationforhandlingstress.Itmightbethata?stiff?lipsuppressesemotionalresponse-aslongasthelipisnotquiveringwithfearortension.Butwhentheemotionthatleadstostiffeningthelipismoreintense,andinvolvesstrongmuscletension,facialfeedbackmayheightenemotionalresponse.Theauthormentions?Baringtheteethinahostileway?inorderto_____.A)differentiateonepossiblemeaningofaparticularfacialexpressionfromothermeaningsofitB)supportDarwin?stheoryofevolutionC)provideanexampleofafacialexpressionwhosemeaningiswidelyunderstoodD)contrastafacialexpressionthatiseasilyunderstoodwithotherfacialexpressions答案:C解析:第一段?Baringtheteethinahostileway…maybeauniversesignofanger.??敌意地露出牙齿?是气愤的普遍表示，以此为例说明对表情的理解可能是通用的。[单选题]22.Aperson?sattentionisattracted_____bytheintensityofdifferentsignalsasbytheircontext,significance,andinformationcontent.A)muchnotsoB)notsomuchC)sonotmuchD)somuchnot答案:B解析:句意：信号的背景，重要性和信息内容比信号的不同强度更能吸引一个人的注意力。这里用到了notsomuch...as...句型，表示前者某一方面不如后者。[单选题]23.InwhichofthefollowingyearsdidJuliusCaesarinvadeBritain?A)55BCB)54BCC)54ADD)43AD答案:A解析:JuliusCaesar凯撒，罗马共和国末期独裁统治者、政治家、军事统帅；他于公元前55年入侵英国。[单选题]24.Soinvolvedwiththeircomputers()thatleadersatsummercomputercampsoftenhavetoforcethemtobreakforsportsandgames.A)becamethechildrenB)becomethechildrenC)hadthechildrenbecomeD)dothechildrenbecome答案:D解析:考查倒装句。本句包括一个so...that...结构，so用在句首时，要用倒装句。C项时态错误。故本题选D。句意：计算机夏令营的孩子们沉迷在计算机中，以至于负责人不得不经常强迫他们停下来活动活动，做做游戏[单选题]25.Corporationswilltightenup,focusingontheircoremissions;extraneousdivisions,subsidiaries,andfunctionswillbespun_____,sold,orclosed.A)outB)offC)awayD)back答案:B解析:句意：企业将会收缩，侧重于中心任务，无关的部分、分公司和部门将被取消、出售或关闭。spinoff剥离，去掉。spinout把（文章、讲话等）拉长。spinaway连续不停地纺、绕线。spinback往回纺、绕线。[单选题]26.It?samazingthattworesearchersworkingindependentlymadethesamediscovery_____.A)collaborativelyB)spontaneouslyC)simultaneouslyD)conscientiously答案:C解析:simultaneously同时地。collaboratively合作地。spontaneously自然地，本能地。conscientiously尽职地。[单选题]27.?TellAlltheTruthbutTellItSlant?isapoemwrittenby_____.A)SylviaPlathB)LangstonHughesC)EmilyDickinsonD)RobertLowell答案:C解析:?TellAlltheTruthbutTellItSlant?是艾米莉·狄金森的作品。故选C。[单选题]28.?Awriter?sjobistotellthetruth,?saidHemingwayin1942.Nootherwriterofourtimehadsofiercelyasserted,sopugnaciouslydefendedorsoconsistentlyexemplifiedthewriter?sobligationtospeaktruly.Hisstandardoftruth-tellingremained,moreover,sohighandsorigorousthathewasordinarilyunwillingtoadmitsecondaryevidence,whetherliteraryevidenceorevidencepickedupfromothersourcesthanhisownexperience.?IonlyknowwhatIhaveseen,?wasastatementwhichcameoftentohislipsandpen.Whathehadpersonallydone,orwhatheknewunforgettablybyhavinggonethroughoneversionofit,waswhathewasinterestedintellingabout.Thisisnottosaythatherefusedtoinventfreely.Buthealwaysmadeitasacrosanctpointtoinventintermsofwhatheactuallyknewfromhavingbeenthere.Theprimaryintentofhiswriting,fromfirsttolast,wastoseizeandprojectforthereaderwhatheoftencalled?thewayitwas.?Thisisacharacteristicallysimplephraseforaconceptofextraordinarycomplexity,andHemingway?sconceptionofitsmeaningsubtlychangedseveraltimesinthecourseofhiscareer-alwaysinthedirectionofgreatercomplexity.Atthecoreoftheconcept,however,onecaninvariablydiscerntheoperationofthreeaestheticinstruments;thesenseofplacethesenseoffactandthesenseofscene.Thefirstofthese,obviouslyastrongpassionwithHemingway,isthesenseofplace.?Unlessyouhavegeography,background,?heoncetoldGeorgeAnteil,?Youhavenothing.?Youhave,thatistosay,adramaticvacuum.Fewwritershavebeenmoreplace-conscious.Fewhavesocarefullychartedoutthegeographicalgroundworkoftheirnovelswhilemanagingtokeepbackgroundsoconspicuouslyunobtrusive.Few,accordingly,havebeenabletorecordmoreeconomicallyandgraphicallythewayitiswhenyouwalkthroughthestreetsofParisinsearchofbreakfastatcornercafé…Orwhen,ataroundsixO?sclockofaSpanishdawn,youwatchthebullsrunningfromthecorralsatthePuertaRochapeathroughthestreetsofPamplonatowardsthebullring.?WhenIwokeitwasthesoundoftherocketexplodingthatannouncedthereleaseofthebullsfromthecorralsattheedgeoftown.Downbelowthenarrowstreetwasempty.Allthebalconieswerecrowdedwithpeople.Suddenlyacrowdcamedownthestreet.Theywereallrunning,packedclosetogether.Theypassedalongandupthestreettowardthebullringandbehindthemcamemoremenrunningfaster,andthensomestragglerswhowerereallyrunning.Behindthemwasalittlebarespace,andthenthebulls,galloping,tossingtheirheadsupanddown.Itallwentoutofsightaroundthecorner.Onemanfell,rolledtothegutter,andlayquiet.Butthebullswentrightonanddidnotnoticehim.Theywereallrunningtogether.?Thislandscapeisasmorning-freshasadesigninIndiainkoncleanwhitepaper.Firstisthebarewhitestreet,seenfromabove,quietandempty.Thenoneseesthefirstpackedclotofrunners.Behindthesearethethinnerranksofthosewhomovefasterbecausetheyareclosertobulls.Thenthealmostcomicstragglers,whoare?reallyrunning.?brilliantlybehindtheseshinesthe?littlebarespace,?adesperatemarginforerror.Thentheclotofrunningbulls-closingthedesign,exceptofcourseforthemanintheguttermakinghimself,likethedesigner?sinitials,asinconspicuousaspossible.IthasbeensuggestedthatpartofHemingway?sgeniusliesinthewayinwhichheremoveshimselffromhisstoriesinordertoletreadersexperiencethestoriesforthemselves.Whichofthefollowingelementsofthepassagesupportthissuggestion?Ⅰ.Thecomparisonof?designer?sinitials?tothemanwhofellandlayinthegutter(thelastparagraph)duringtherunningofbullsⅡ.Hemingway?sstatedintenttoprojectforthereader?hewayitwas?(thesecondparagraph)III.Hemingway?sabilitytoinventfascinatingtalesfromhisownexperienceA)IonlyB)ⅡonlyC)IandⅡonlyD)IandIIIonly答案:C解析:最后一段的?asinconspicuousaspossible?说明?themaninthegutter?是完全不引人注目的，而作者本身就如同这个角色一样，将自己置身度外，让读者自己体会。因此Ⅰ是正确的。当作者将故事如同故事本身所发上的那样呈现在读者眼前时，作者本身也就脱离故事了，因此Ⅱ也是正确的。[单选题]29.AlexanderPopewasanoutstandingenlightenerandthegreatestEnglishpoetofschoolin()thefirsthalfofthe18thcentury.A)romanticB)pre-romanticC)NeoclassicalD)realistic答案:C解析:考查英国文学作家及其流派。亚历山大·蒲柏是新古典主义诗歌的重要代表。浪漫主义的代表人物主要有Wordsworth，Byron和Shelley等；前浪漫主义的代表人物是WilliamBlake和RobertBums；现实主义的代表人物主要有DanielDefoe等。[单选题]30.SinceGeorgewastheonly_____,hereceivedalargeamountofmoneywhenhisuncledied.A)heirB)foeC)allyD)opponent答案:A解析:heir继承人。foe仇敌。ally盟友，同盟国。opponent对手。[单选题]31.3,tellsthereadersthereasonwhyhewasadmired.A)subsequentB)consequentC)previousD)latest答案:A解析:subsequent随后的，后来的。consequent作为结果的，随之发生的。previous先前的，以前的。latest最近的，最新的。[单选题]32.-Nick,whatdoyoudonow?-Ijoinedtheeditorialstaffofalocalnewspaper,_____Ihavecontributedtovariousmonthlies.A)bywhenB)sincewhenC)forthatD)nowthat答案:B解析:句意：-尼克，你现在做什么工作？-我成为了本地一家报社的员工，从那以后我向许多月刊投稿。bywhen在什么时候。sincewhen从……时候起。forthat因为……。nowthat既然。[单选题]33.Hehasonlyatwo-weekvacationduringtheyeardespitethefactthatotherworkersgetmoretime_____A)underB)aheadC)afterD)off答案:D解析:getoff离开，休假。getunder控制，镇压。getahead进步。getafter催促，责骂。[单选题]34.HenryFielding′s()indicatesthegenreofnovelhasgottothematureperiod.A)JosephAndrewsB)JonathanWildC)TheHistoryofTomJones，aFoundlingD)Amelia答案:C解析:考查英国文学人物及其代表作。亨利·菲尔丁的《汤姆·琼斯》被认为是18世纪英国现实主义小说的最高成就。[单选题]35.()isthefirstAfrican-AmericanwinneroftheNobelPrizeforLiterature.A)RalphEllisonB)ToniMorrisonC)RichardWrightD)JamesBaldwin答案:B解析:考查美国文学常识。B项托妮·莫里森第一个赢得诺贝尔文学奖的非裔美国人，代表作是TheBluestEye《最蓝的眼睛》和Beloved《爱》。B项拉尔夫·埃里森是美国黑人小说家，代表作是TheInvisibleMan《看不见的人》。C项理查德·赖特是美国黑人小说家、评论家，代表作是NativeSon《土生子》。D项詹姆斯·鲍德温是美国黑人小说家，代表作是GoTellItontheMountain《向苍天呼吁》。[单选题]36.Neitheroftheyoungmenwhohadappliedforapositionintheuniversity().A)hasbeenacceptedB)havebeenacceptedC)wasacceptedD)wereaccepted答案:C解析:考查时态及主谓一致。neither是单数概念，故可排除B、D两项。定语从句中使用过去完成时，主句应使用一般过去时，排除A项。故本题选C。句意：两名到这所大学应聘的年轻人都没有被录取。[单选题]37.ItsaysshehasbeenstudyingChineseforthreemonthsand_____forChinainamonth.A)hadbeenstudying;visited;isleavingB)studied;hadvisited;willliveinC)hasstudied;visited;wouldleaveD)wasstudying;hasvisited;leaves答案:A解析:句意：我的朋友Tanya在去日本之前学了六年的日语，我刚收到她的信，信上说她已经学了三个月的汉语，在一个月后去中国。从题目中可知，Tanya现在正在学习汉语，在此之前去过日本，因而要用过去时，在去日本之前就已经在学习日语，去日本是过去的事，去日本之前学日语就是过去的过去，因此用过去完成进行时，强调动作的延续性?一直在学日语?；一个月后将要去中国，leaving表示将要发生的动作。[单选题]38.?Notuntilsciencebecameprominent_____beabolished?，somepeopleargue.A)didslaverycometoB)slaverytoC)hadslaverycometoD)thatslaverycameto答案:A解析:not…until是一个表示否定的词组，位于句首的时候应该采用倒装语序。而主句表示的动作发生在从句之后，因此主句中谓语动词也应该是一般过去式，故答案为A项。[单选题]39.Iwouldhavecometoseeyouhaditbeenpossible,butI_____sobusythen.A)hadbeenB)wereC)wasD)wouldbe答案:C解析:句意：如果可能的话我回去看你的，但是我那时太忙了。本句前半句采用与过去相反的虚拟语气，后半句只是陈述过去的事实，故C项正确。[单选题]40._____doubttherearealotofnaturalresourcesinthiscountry.A)LittledoweB)LittleweC)SeldomdidweD)Fewdowe答案:A解析:句意：毋庸置疑，这个国家资源丰富。few和little作形容词时，few修饰可数名词，little修饰不可数名词。little还可作副词，表示?稍许?。本题需要填的是副词，故应用little；当否定意义的词或词组置于句首时，主谓需要倒装。故A项为正确答案。[单选题]41._____ofaccusinghisneighborofdishonesty,themanhopedthathecouldavoidblamebyapologizing.A)SureB)GuiltyC)JustifiedD)Pitiful答案:B解析:guilty有罪的，内疚的。sure肯定的。justified有理由的。pitiful令人怜悯的。[单选题]42.Inacertainstorewheretheysellpuddings,thecustomersareallowedto_____thembeforecomingtoadecision.A)inspectB)testifyC)sampleD)appreciate答案:C解析:句意：在有的卖布丁的商店，顾客可以在决定买之前先尝一尝。sample尝试，品尝。取样。inspect调查。testify表明，证明。appreciate欣赏，感激。[单选题]43.TheindigenouspeopleinAustraliaare()，whichhave2.2%ofthetotalpopulationin2001.A)aboriginesB)MaorisC)CherokeesD)peoplefromIndia答案:A解析:考查澳大利亚国家概况。澳大利亚的原住民是土著居民。A项Aborigines?土著居民，原住民?，B项Maoris?毛利人?是新西兰少数民族，C项Cherokees?切罗基人?是北美易洛魁人的一支，D项指印度人。所以B、C、D三项均不合题意。[单选题]44.Thisisnotagoodtimetobeforeign.Anti-immigrantpartiesaregaininggroundinEurope.Britainhasbeenfrettingthisweekoverlapsesinitsbordercontrols.InAmericaBarackObamahasfailedtodelivertheimmigrationreformhepromised,andRepublicanpresidentialcandidateswouldratherelectrifytheborderfencewithMexicothaneducatethechildrenofillegalaliens.Americaeducatesforeignscientistsinitsuniversitiesandthenexpelsthem,apolicythemayorofNewYorkcalls?nationalsuicide?.Thisilliberalturninattitudestomigrationisnosurprise.Itistheresultofcyclicaleconomicgloomcombinedwithasecularriseinpressureonrichcountries?borders.Butgovernmentsnowweighingupwhetherornottotrytoslamthedoorshouldconsideranotherfactor:thegrowingeconomicimportanceofDiasporas,andthecontributiontheycanmaketoacountry?seconomicgrowth.Diasporanetworks-ofHuguenots,Scots,Jewsandmanyothers-havealwaysbeenapotenteconomicforce,butthecheapnessandeaseofmoderntravelhasmadethemlargerandmorenumerousthaneverbefore.Therearenow215mfirst-generationmigrantsaroundtheworld:that?s3％oftheworld?spopulation.Iftheywereanation,itwouldbealittlelargerthanBrazil.TherearemoreChinesepeoplelivingoutsideChinathanthereareFrenchpeopleinFrance.Some22mIndiansarescatteredallovertheglobe.Smallconcentrationsofethnicandlinguisticgroupshavealwaysbeenfoundinsurprisingplaces-LebaneseinWestAfrica,JapaneseinBrazilandWelshinPatagonia,forinstance-buttheyhavebeenjoinedbynewerones,suchaswestAfricansinsouthernChina.Thesenetworksofkinshipandlanguagemakeiteasiertodobusinessacrossborders.Theyspeedtheflowofinformation.Trustmatters,especiallyinemergingmarketswheretheruleoflawisweak.Sodoesaknowledgeofthelocalculture.Andmoderncommunicationsmakethesenetworksanevenmorepowerfultoolofbusiness.Diasporasalsohelpspreadideas.Manyoftheemergingworld?sbrightestmindsareeducatedatWesternuniversities.Anincreasingnumbergohome,takingwiththembothknowledgeandcontacts.IndiancomputerscientistsinBangalorebounceideasconstantlyofftheirIndianfriendsinSiliconValley.China?stechnologyindustryisdominatedby?seaturtles?(Chinesewhohavelivedabroadandreturned.Diasporasspreadmoney,too.Migrantsintorichcountriesnotonlysendcashtotheirfamilies;theyalsohelpcompaniesintheirhostcountryoperateintheirhomecountry.AHarvardBusinessSchoolstudyshowsthat,AmericancompaniesthatemploylotsofethnicChinesepeoplefinditmucheasiertosetupinChinawithoutajointventurewithalocalfirm.Suchargumentsareunlikelytomakemuchheadwayagainsthostilitytowardsimmigrantsinrichcountries.Furyagainstforeignersisusuallybasedontwo(mutuallyincompatible)notions:thatbecausesomanymigrantsclaimwelfaretheyareadrainonthepublicpurse;andthatbecausetheyarepreparedtoworkharderforlesspaytheywilldepressthewagesofthoseatthebottomofthepile.Thefirstisusuallynottrue(inBritain,forinstance,immigrantsclaimbenefitslessthanindigenouspeopledo),andthesecondishardtoestablisheitherway.Somestudiesdoindeedsuggestthatcompetitionfromunskilledimmigrantsdepressesthewagesofunskilledlocals.Butothersfindthiseffecttobesmallornon-existent.Norisitpossibletoestablishtheimpactofmigrationonoverallgrowth.Thesumsaresimplytoodifficult.Yettherearegoodreasonsforbelievingthatitislikelytobepositive.Migrantstendtobehard-workingandinnovative.Thatspursproductivityandcompanyformation.ArecentstudycarriedoutbyDukeUniversityshowedthat,whileimmigrantsmakeupaneighthofAmerica?spopulation,theyfoundedaquarterofthecountry?stechnologyandengineeringfirms.And,bylinkingtheWestwithemergingmarkets,Diasporashelprichcountriestoplugintofast-growingeconomies.Richcountriesarethuslikelytobenefitfromlooserimmigrationpolicy;andfearsthatpoorcountrieswillsufferasaresultofa?braindrain?areoverblown.Theprospectofworkingabroadspursmorepeopletoacquirevaluableskills,andnotallsubsequentlyemigrate.Skilledmigrantssendmoneyhome,andtheyoftenreturntosetupnewbusinesses.Onestudyfoundthatunlesstheylosemorethan20％oftheiruniversitygraduates,thebraindrainmakespoorcountriesricher.Inwhichofthefollowingaspectcanthe?seaturtles?makecontributionstotheirhomeland?A)Theyreturnhomewithknowledgeandcontractstosetupnewb