高中英语必修一词汇练习及详解

必修一Unit1Friendship(Ⅰ)单词拼写1．Childrentodayspendmoreandmoretimeinsidethehouseinsteadofplayingoutdoors(在户外)．2．Sarahsoundedupset(伤心的)whenIsaidyouwouldn’tgoshoppingwithher.3．Imadeasuggestionbuttheychosetoignore(忽视)it.4．Iamverygrateful(感激的)toallthosewhotookthetroubletowritetome.5．Infaceofdanger,it’sveryimportanttokeepcalm(镇静的)．6．Whenitrains,whydoweseethelightningfirst;thenhearthethunder(雷)?7．Thereisacurtain(窗帘)hangingbeforehiswindowinthebedroom.8．Ifyoucanguesscorrectly,Iwouldlikeyoutobemylanguageexchangepartner(伙伴；搭档)．(Ⅱ)用所给词的适当形式填空1．Itishardtoimaginethepainandsuffering(suffer)theywentthroughinthewar.2．Thedoctorshadgivenherupbutshemadeanexcellentrecovery(recover)．3．Trynottosayanythingabouttheideauntilyouhaveunderstooditentirely(entire)．4．Itisbeyondmypower(powerful)tofinishthetaskintwohours.5．Tobehonest,Iknowexactly(exact)howshefelt.(Ⅲ)语境填词(用所给词的适当形式填空)1．Ourparentsareconcernedaboutourhealthandfuture.AsfarasI’mconcerned,_weshouldtalkwithourparentsandtellthemourconcerns.(concern)2．Afewpeopleagreedwhilemostpeopledisagreed,_sonoagreementwasmade.(agree)1．Myfatheroftenworksdeepintothenightsoweare_concerned_about_his_health(担心他的健康)．2．Iset_down(记下)allthefolkstoriesinthelocalareaastheyweretoldtome.Wouldyouliketohavealook?3．Sinceyouget/are_tired_of(厌烦)goingtotheofficeeveryday,whynotlookforanotherjob?4．Afterathree­monthinvestigation,thepolicedecidedthatthefirewasstartedon_purpose(故意地)．5．Hisbusinessexpensesadd_up_to_around_$4,000(加起来大约是4000美元)ayear.6．Sinceweallliveunderoneroom,weshouldlearnhow_to_get_along_well_with(如何相处好)oneanother.7．Thatwasthelasttimethathehad_talked_with_his_father_face_to_face(与父亲面对面地交谈)．8．Weweresurprisedbywhat_the_little_girl_went_through(小女孩的经历)whenshewascheatedandsoldtothemountainvillage.9．Willyoujoin_me_in(和我一起)lookingforapresentformybestfriend?10．Pleasepack_everything_up(整理好一切东西)beforeyouleave.11．ThisautumntheBBCwillbeshowinga_series_of_French_films(一系列法国电影)．12．You’retooexcited.Wewilldiscusstheproblemwhen_you_calm_down(当你冷静时)．一、常考词汇细点拨1．upsetadj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的vt.使不安；使心烦；打翻[高考佳句]Upsettingpeoplewithunsignedmessageiscruelanddisgusting.(2013·安徽高考阅读D)用匿名信息骚扰他人是令人痛苦的，也是令人厌恶的。(1)beupsetabout/over/atsth. 为某事心烦beupsetthat... ……让人不安/心烦(2)upsetoneselfaboutsth. 为某事而烦恼Itupsetssb.todosth./that... 让某人心烦的是……①Inmyopinion,thereisnopointbeingupsetaboutit.依我看，为此事难过没有意义。②Don’tupset_yourself_aboutit—noharmhasbeendone.不要为那件事烦恼——没有造成损失。2．addvt.&vi.增加；添加；补充说[教材原句]Addupyourscoreandseehowmanypointsyouget.把你的分数加起来看看能得多少分。(1)addup 把……加起来addsth.tosth. 把……加到/进……里addupto 加起来共计/达(不用于被动语态)addto 增加；增添addthat... 补充说……(2)additionn. 加；(数)加法；增加inaddition 另外inadditionto 除……之外3．calmvt.&vi.(使)平静；(使)镇定adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的[教材原句]Youwillignorethebellandgosomewherequiettocalmyourfrienddown.你不理会上课铃，而是去安静的地方安慰你的朋友。calm(sb.)down (使某人)平静下来；镇静下来stay/keep/becalm 保持镇静①Inthisstate,thebabyisdifficulttocalmdownandsleepisimpossible.在这种状态下，婴儿很难安静下来，睡觉也不可能安稳。②Hekept_calminfaceofgreatdanger,whichsurprisedusall.面对巨大危险，他还是保持镇静，这使我们都非常吃惊。4．concernvt.(使)担忧；涉及；关系到n.关心；关注；(利害)关系[教材原句]Youwilltellyourfriendthatyouareconcernedabouthim/herandyouwillmeetafterclassandtalkthen.告诉你的朋友你关心他/她，下课后你们就见面谈谈。(1)show/expressconcernabout/for 对……表示关心(2)beconcernedabout/over/for 关心；挂念beconcernedwith/in 牵扯进/参与……as/sofaras...beconcerned 就……而言(3)concerningprep. 关于；有关①Theyfollowtherules,helpout,andareconcernedaboutthepeopletheyworkwith.他们遵守规则，帮助别人克服困难，关心他们的同事。②Andas_far_as_your_body_is_concerned,_it’s“useit,orloseit”！(2013·浙江高考阅读B)就你的身体而言，就是“用进废退”。③Allthepeopleconcernedwiththecasewillbequestionedbythepolice.所有参与这个案件的人警察都要审问。④Heaskedseveralquestionsconcerningthefutureofthecompany.他问了几个有关公司前途的问题。5．suffervt.&vi.遭受；忍受；经历[教材原句]Shesufferedfromloneliness,butshehadtolearntolikeitthere.她感到孤独，但她得学会喜欢住在那里。(1)suffervt.遭受；蒙受，其后常接pain,loss,defeat,hunger,damage等名词作宾语(2)suffervi.后常接from，表示“受……折磨；受……之苦；患某种疾病”(3)sufferingn．[U]痛苦；苦难[pl.]痛苦；苦恼①Havingsuffereddefeatafterdefeat,hebegantolosefaithinhimself.遭受了一次又一次的失败，他开始对自己失去信心。②Notonlycantheenvironmentofacountrysuffer_fromthesuddengrowthoftourism.Thepeopleaswellrapidlyfeelitseffects. (2013·江西高考阅读D)不仅仅这个国家的环境遭受旅游业激增的困扰，而且这里的人们也很快感受到它的影响。③Theoldmanwentthroughallkindsofsufferingsduringthewar.这位老人在战争期间经历了各种痛苦。[熟词生义]读句子猜含义Thepoliceisreportedtohaverecoveredthestolenjewellery.找回———————————————————————————————————主题串记……………………(记的更多、更快、更长久！)请根据提示写出除disagree以外其他以dis­为前缀的高频单词1．dislikevt. 不喜欢；厌恶2．disappearvi. 不见；消失3．disappointvt. 使失望4．discouragevt. 使气馁；使沮丧5．discovervt. 发现———————————————————————————————————1．gothrough经历；通过；仔细检查；完成[教材原句]Orareyouafraidthatyourfriendwouldlaughatyou,orwouldnotunderstandwhatyouaregoingA．escapeB．recoverC．separate D．graduate解析：选B在本句中，四个动词均可以与介词from搭配，但构成的短语意义各不相同，escapefrom“从……中逃跑、逃脱”；recoverfrom“从……恢复、康复”；separatefrom“(使)从……中分离”；graduatefrom“毕业于……”。根据语境可知选B项。9．(2014·三峡名校联盟联考)After________seriesofunsuccessfulattempts,hehasfinallypassed________drivingtest.A．/;theB．a;theC．the;a D．/;a解析：选B句意：经过连续几次的失败，他最终通过了驾驶考试。aseriesof是固定短语，意为“一系列；一连串”，所以第一个空用不定冠词a；第二个空用定冠词the，特指驾驶考试。10．(2014·德州模拟)—Wheredidyoufindtheprofessorwhomadethespeechyesterday?—Itwasinthehall________thestudentsoftenhaveameeting.A．where B．whichC．that D．when解析：选A完整的答句为强调句式，强调地点状语inthehall，后面省略了thatIfoundtheprofessor。“________thestudentsoftenhaveameeting”为定语从句，where引导定语从句，指代先行词thehall.11．Iamtired________thepartnerIhavebeenworkingwith;heistoohardaperson________.A．with;togetalongwithB．from;tobegotalongwithC．of;togetalongwithD．of;gettingalongwith解析：选C句意：我很烦一起工作的搭档，他是个很难相处的人。betiredof“厌倦”；getalongwith...“与……相处”。12．(2014·杭州学军中学高三质检)—Isaidhellotoyouinthestreetyesterday,butyou________mecompletely.—I’msorry.MaybeIdidn’tnoticeyou.A．cheatedB．hidC．ignored D．recognized解析：选C考查动词词义辨析。由问句中的“我和你打招呼”及答句中的“或许我没有注意到你”可知C项ignore“忽视；不理睬”，符合语境。cheat“欺骗”；hide“躲藏”；recognize“认出”。13．(2014·南京金陵中学模拟)Ifailedagain,butmyparentsencouragedmeandtoldmethatfailure________themotherofsuccess.A．wasB．isC．be D．hasbeen解析：选B表示“真理、事实”的直接引语变为间接引语时，时态不变，仍用一般现在时。14．(2014·宜宾五校第二次调研考试)Teachers’Dayisatimetobe________toallteacherswhodeservespecialrecognition.A．availableB．gratefulC．generous D．ridiculous解析：选B考查形容词辨析。句意：教师节是向所有老师表示感谢的时候，他们理应受到这样的特殊认可。grateful“感激的；表示感谢的”，符合句意。available“可获得的”；generous“大方的；慷慨的”；ridiculous“荒唐的”。15．—MustIdowellinallthesubjects,Mum?—Sure,baby!Asanoldsayinggoes,knowledgeis________.A．commandB．effortC．power D．energy解析：选C句意：“妈妈，我一定要各科成绩优异吗？”“当然了。俗话说得好，知识就是力量。”power“力量”，符合句意。(Ⅰ)单词拼写1．Letmegetthisstraight(直接地)—Tomsoldthehouseandgaveyouthemoney?2．ThebusinessmanspeakswithaheavyScottishaccent(口音)．3．Man’sdreamofmakingaspacevoyage(航行)finallycametrue.4．Hasthecompanyofficially(正式地)confirmedtheappointment?5．Somemedicalexpertswillstudythecaseattherequest(要求)ofthehospital.6．Shestudiedeightlanguagesbutisfluent(流利的)inonlyfourofthem.7．Thislatter(后面的)pointwasofgreatimportance.8．Hisapartmentisthreeblocks(街区)awayfromthepolicestation.(Ⅱ)用所给词的适当形式填空1．Mycomputerhasaprogramwhichcancorrectmyspelling(s)(spell)automatically.2．Pleasesetoffearlierbecausethebusesrunlessfrequently(frequent)onSundays.3．Goodbookscanenrich(rich)man’sinnerlife.4．NearlyonehundredcountriesrecognizeEnglishastheirofficial(office)language.5．Thistreelookstallandstrongbutactually(actual)itstrunkishollow.6．Gradually(gradual)thefarmlandturnedintoadesert.(Ⅲ)语境填词(用所给词的适当形式填空)1．IcanhardlyexpresshowgratefulIfeel.Iwillgivehimapresentasanexpressionofgratitude.(express)2．Hehadchangedsomuchthatyoucouldn’trecognizehim.Asamatteroffact,illnessandagechangedhimbeyondrecognition.(recognize)1．Scientistsaredevelopingnewwaystomake_good_(full)_use_of(充分利用)thesolarenergymoreeffectively.2．Hewasveryangrybecause_of(因为)whatyousaid.3．Don’thesitatetocallmewheneveranythingcomes_up(出现；发生)．4．Becauseoftheflood,the_number_of(……的数量)homelesspeoplehasincreasedrapidly.5．TheChinesegovernmentplays_an_important_part_in(在……方面起着重要的作用)internationalaffairs.6．Believe_it_or_not(信不信由你),Ididn’tgetintotroubleforbeinglateforthegrammarclasstoday.7．Thelocaleconomyisstilldependentontraditionalindustriessuch_as(例如)farmingandmining.8．I’mafraidhehasbeenawayonbusinessat_present(现在；目前)．一、常考词汇细点拨1．basevt.以……为根据n．基部；基地；基础[教材原句]ItwasbasedmoreonGermanthantheEnglishwespeakatpresent.当时的英语更多是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。(1)base...on/upon... 把……建立于……基础之上bebasedon/upon 以……为基础；依据……(2)atthebaseof 以……为基点；在……的底部(3)basicadj. 基本的；基础的basisn. 基础；基本原则①Weshouldbasethetheoryoncarefulresearch.我们应该把理论建立在仔细研究的基础上。②Thefilmbased_onthenovelbyMoYaniswellworthseeing.根据莫言的小说改编的电影非常值得观看。③Thegovernmentprovidesthemwithnotonlyfoodandshelter,butalsothe_basic_skillsfortheirliving.政府不仅为他们提供食物和住处，还为他们提供基本的谋生技能。[链接高考](2012·江苏高考)________animportantdecisionmoreonemotionthanonreason,youwillregretitsoonerorlater.A．BasedB．BasingC．Base D．Tobase解析：选B考查非谓语动词。句意：把一个重要的决定更多地建立在情感基础上，而不是以理性思考为基础，你迟早会后悔的。此处动词base与其逻辑主语you之间构成主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语，故选B项。2．commandn．[C]命令；指令；[U]掌握vt.命令；指挥；支配；博得；赢得[经典例句]ApplicantswillbeexpectedtohaveagoodcommandofEnglish.(牛津P390)申请人必须精通英语。(1)atsb.’scommand 听某人支配underone’scommand＝underthecommandofsb. 由某人指挥beincommandof 掌握；控制takecommandof 控制haveagoodcommandof 掌握；精通(尤指语言)(2)commandsb.todosth. 命令某人做某事commandthat...(should)do... 命令……①I’matyourcommand—whatwouldyoulikemetodo?我听从你的吩咐——你要我做什么？②Onlywhenyouhave_a_good_command_ofvocabulary,willreadingnolongerbeyourobstacle.只有掌握充足的词汇，阅读才不会成为你的拦路虎。③Hecommandedthatwe_should_finishtheworkinanhour.＝Hecommandedus_to_finishtheworkinanhour.他命令我们一个小时内完成这项工作。3．requestn．&vt.请求；要求[经典例句]Allmembersoftheclubarerequestedtoattendtheannualmeeting.(朗文P1281)请俱乐部的全体会员务必参加年会。(1)requestsb.todosth. 请求某人做某事requestthat...(should)dosth. 请求……Itisrequestedthat...(should)dosth. 据要求……(2)make(a)requestfor... 请求；要求……atsb.’srequest＝attherequestofsb. 应某人之要求①MyparentsrequestedthatIshouldlearnasecondforeignlanguage.＝Myparentsrequestedmetolearnasecondforeignlanguage.我父母要求我再学一门外语。②It_is_requested_thatallthearticlesshouldberelatedtothestudents’life.要求所有的文章与学生的生活有关。③ThekidnappersweremercilessandGetty’ssonmaderepeatedrequestsforhelpfromhisfather. (2013·山东高考阅读表达)绑架者毫无慈悲之心，Getty的儿子不断向他的父亲求助。[名师指津]后跟虚拟语气的动词：一坚持：insist;二命令：order,command;三建议：suggest,advise,recommend;四要求：demand,request,require,desire;再加一个敦促：urge。4．recognizevt.辨认出；承认；公认[高考佳句]Numbersenseisnottheabilitytocount.Itistheabilitytorecognizeachangeinnumber. (2013·广东高考完形填空)数字感并不只是数数的能力，它是识别数字变化的能力。(1)recognizesb./one’svoice 认出某人/听出某人的声音berecognizedtobe/as... 被认作……/被认为是……recognizethat... 承认……Itisrecognizedthat... 人们公认……(2)recognitionn. 认出；认识beyond(all)recognition 认不出来①Irecognizedhisvoicethemomentheopenedhismouth.他一张嘴说话，我就听出了他的声音。②Wehadtorecognizethattheyhadmanyadvantagesoverusinsomeaspects.我们不得不承认，他们在某些方面要比我们更有优势。③It_is_recognized_thatenvironmentpollutionhasbecomeoneofthemostseriousproblemsthatpeopleface.人们一致认为环境污染已经成为人们面临的最严重的问题之一。④Thecityhasbeenbuiltupsofastthatit’schangedbeyond_recognition.这城市建设得真快，已看不出它原来的面貌了。二、间考词汇自识记1．nativeadj.本国的；本地的n.本地人；本国人benativeto... 产于……Itiswell­knownthatthepandaisnativetoChina.众所周知，大熊猫产于中国。2．latteradj.较后的；后半的；(两者中的)后者theformer...thelatter...前者……后者……MaryandJanearebothmyfriends.TheformerisaclerkinabankandthelatterteachesEnglishinamiddleschool.玛丽和简都是我的朋友，前者是银行的职员，后者在中学教英语。3．blockn．街区；块；木块；石块[熟词生义]读句子猜含义Seeingtheroadblockedwithsnow,wehadtospendtheholidayathome,watchingTV.阻挡———————————————————————————————————1．comeup走近；上来；发芽；发生；被提出；(太阳、月亮等)升起[经典例句]I’mafraidsomethingurgenthascomeup.(牛津P388)恐怕有紧急事情发生了。[一词多义]写出下列句中comeup的含义①Anoldladycameuptomeandaskedfordirections. 走近②Assoonastheprojectcameupatthemeeting,itattractedmanypeople’sattention.被提出③Whenthemooncameup,theyoungpeoplebegantheircelebration. 升起④I’lllethimknowifanythingcomesup. 发生comeupwith 想出；提出comeabout 发生comeacross 穿过(路、桥)；(偶然)遇见；发现comealong 跟随cometo 苏醒；总计；达到；谈到Whenitcomesto... 当谈到……⑤ThedesignersayshecameupwiththeideaafterwatchingpeoplegetwetonstreetsinRussia. (2013·山东高考阅读C)这位设计师说他是在看到俄罗斯街头有人被淋湿后提出这个点子的。⑥Icanusethecomputer.When_it_comes_torepairingit,Iknownothing.我能使用电脑，但谈到修电脑，我一无所知。[链接高考](2013·新课标全国卷Ⅱ)Wouldyouliketo________withustothefilmtonight?A．comealongB．comeoffC．comeacross D．comethrough解析：选A考查动词短语辨析。根据句意“你今晚愿意和我们一起去看电影吗？”可知，此处意为“跟随”。comealong“跟着来；跟随”，符合句意。comeoff“举行；发生；成功”；comeacross“偶然遇见”；comethrough“(重病后)康复”。2．makeuseof利用；使用[高考佳句]Myexperiencetellsmethatitisnotwhatyouaregivenbuthowyoumakeuseofitthatdetermineswhoyouare. (2012·湖北高考短文写作)我的经历告诉我不是你拥有什么而是你怎样利用你所拥有的决定了你的未来。(1)makefull/gooduseof 充分利用makethebest/mostof 充分利用take(full)advantageof (充分)利用(2)comeintouse 开始被使用beofgreatuse 很有用Itisnousedoingsth. 做……是没用的①Inmyopinion,everyminuteshouldbemadefulluseoftolearnwell.依我看来，我们应充分利用分分秒秒把学习搞好。②Weshouldconsiderwhatusecanbe_made_ofsuchamaterial.我们应该考虑这样的材料如何运用。③Lastbutnotleast,it’severyone’sresponsibilitytomakethemostofwater.最后但同等重要的是，充分利用水资源是每个人的责任。[短语对点集训]Ⅰ.选词填空morethan，believeitornot，becauseof，comeup，atpresent，makeuseof，playapartin，base...on1．—I’mmore_thanhappytotakeyouthereinmycar.—Youaresonice.Thankyou.2．Thereisnowayat_presentofpredictingwhatthelong­termeffectsoftheaccidentwillbe.3．IbelieveMaryasshealwaysbasesherideasonscientificexperiments.4．Atthemeetingmanyquestionscame_upaboutthequalityofthenewbridge.5．Because_ofthethickfog,thereturnflightoftheaircrafthadtobeputoff.6．Theytriedtheirbesttomake_good_use_ofthechancethattheirschoolofferedtostudyhard.7．Believe_it_or_not,_theywillnotcarryouttheirpromise.8．Friendsplay_an_important_part_inourlives,althoughwemaytakefriendshipforgranted.Ⅱ.单项填空1．(2014·万州二中高三一模)Today,________rapiddevelopmentoftransportationandcommunication,thewholeworldseemstobesmaller.A．regardlessofB．inspiteofC．insteadof D．becauseof解析：选D考查短语意义辨析。句意：当今，由于交通和通信的迅速发展，整个世界看起来更小了。regardlessof“不论；不管”；inspiteof“尽管”；insteadof“代替”；becauseof“因为；由于”。2．(2014·宁波市高三摸底考试)Mygrandmothersaidthatthebestuseshouldbe________theemptylandinfrontofourhouseandwecouldplantsometreesthere.A．madeofB．takenasC．lookedafter D．dealtwith解析：选A句意：我的祖母说，应该充分利用门前的空地，可以在那儿栽一些树。makeuseof意为“利用”。3．(2014·山东省实验中学高三质检)Thisisnotthefirsttimethatpassengers’concernsovertheserviceonplaneshave________.A．turnedoutB．pickedupC．comeup D．broughtup解析：选C考查动词短语辨析。句意：旅客担心飞机上的服务，这并不是第一次被提出了。comeup“被提出；被讨论”。若选D项，应使用被动语态。直接引语和间接引语(Ⅱ)把下列句子改成间接引语1．Themonitorsaidtome,“Don’tforgettoturnoffthelightswhenyouleave.”→Themonitorasked_me_not_toforgettoturnoffthelightswhenIleft.2．MrBrownsaidtoMary,“WillyouwriteTomaletterinEnglishorsendhimane­mail？”→MrBrownaskedMarywhether_she_wouldwriteTomaletterinEnglishorsendhimane­mail.3．Heasked,“Haven’tyoufinishedyourEnglishhomework？”→Heaskedwhether_I_had_finishedmyEnglishhomeworkornot.4．Mumsaidtome,“Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers？”→Mumaskedmehow_I_dealtwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers.Ⅰ.单项填空1．(2014·安徽合肥四校高三联考)—Whereshallwegoduringthisholiday,theGreatWallortheWestLake?—________It’sallthesametome.A．Enjoyyourself.B．It’sadeal.C．Don’tmentionit. D．It’suptoyou.解析：选D考查交际用语。由空后的“去哪儿对我来说都一样”可知，答话人是让对方做决定。Enjoyyourself“玩得痛快”；It’sadeal“一言为定；成交”；Don’tmentionit“不客气”。故It’suptoyou“由你决定”符合题意。2．(2014·江西红色六校高三联考)—ShallIcomeanotherdaytogetfurtherinformationaboutyourbookstore?—Sure.Mysecretaryandlibrarianwillbeatyour________.A．helpB．companionC．service D．request解析：选C考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我能改天再来了解关于你书店的详细信息吗？”“当然可以，我的秘书和图书管理员都将为你效劳。”beatsb.’sservice“为某人效劳”，符合语境。atsb.’srequest“应某人的要求”；help“帮助”；companion“同伴”。3．(2014·安徽省芜湖三校一模)Arecentstudyhas________anunexpectedconclusionthattheAfricanelephantshouldbedividedintotwodifferentspecies.A．keptupwithB．madeupwithC．caughtupwith D．comeupwith解析：选D考查动词短语辨析。句意：最近的一项研究得出一个意外结论，非洲象应被分成两个不同种类。keepupwith“跟上”；makeupwith“和好”；catchupwith“追上”；comeupwith“提出”。D项符合句意。4．(2014·齐鲁名校高三联合测试)________amongthecrowdbyMike,hernetfriend,shewaswearingabrightblueskirtinparticular.A．RecognizedB．ToberecognizedC．TorecognizeD．Havingbeenrecognized解析：选B考查非谓语动词。句意：为了在人群中被她的网友Mike认出来，她特意穿了一条鲜艳的蓝裙子。不定式在句中作目的状语。动词recognize和she之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故不定式应用被动语态形式，故B项正确。5．Womenareplaying________moreandmoreimportantpartin________society—theyholduphalfthesky.A．/;theB．a;/C．a;the D．/;/解析：选Bplayapartin是固定搭配，意思是“在……中扮演角色或起作用”；society为抽象名词，前面常不用冠词。6．(2014·重庆南开中学月考)—Accordingtomygrandma,itisagoodideatodrinkchickensoupwhenyouhaveacold.—________，scientistsagreewithher.A．SoonerorlaterB．OnceinawhileC．Tobeexact D．Believeitornot解析：选D句意：“根据我奶奶的说法，感冒时喝鸡汤是个好主意。”“信不信由你，科学家们与她的看法相同。”soonerorlater“迟早”；onceinawhile“时不时地”；tobeexact“确切地说”；believeitornot“信不信由你”。根据上下文可知，believeitornot符合语境。7．(2014·台州高三检测)Linda’shealthisimproving________daybyday,andthedoctorhasadvisedhertostayhomeforacoupleofweeks.A．frequentlyB．graduallyC．fluently D．actually解析：选B根据improving和daybyday可知，琳达的身体在一天天“逐渐地(gradually)”康复。frequently“频繁地”；fluently“流利地”；actually“实际上”，均不符合语境。8．Thereis________asafreedinnerinthisworld.Asthesayinggoes,“Nopains,nogains.”A．nosuchagoodthing B．suchnogoodthingC．nosuchgoodthing D．notsoagoodthing解析：选C当such与some,other,these/those,no等代词连用时，such置于这些代词之后；no修饰名词时，相当于nota或者notany，故其后不再使用冠词。9．(2014·吉林一中高三质检)Themuseumis________inaparksurroundedbyanumberofimpressivebuildings.A．blockedB．basedC．occupied D．located解析：选D考查动词词义辨析。block“阻塞”；base“建立在……基础上”，后跟介词on;occupy“占据；占领”；locate用其系表结构belocatedin，意思是“位于”。10．(2013·苏南四校3月联考)You’llhavetounderstandthatthisishowwedothings________yourmotherdoesitdifferently.A．sothatB．aswellasC．evenif D．nomatterwhat解析：选C考查状语从句。句意：你必须明白，虽然你母亲会采用不同的做法，但是这是我们做事的方式。sothat“以便；以至于”；aswellas“也；还”；evenif“即使；虽然”；nomatterwhat“无论什么”。11．Happypeopledon’tnecessarilyhavethebestthings;they________everythingthatcomestheirway.A．getthehangofB．thinklittleofC．makethemostof D．takepossessionof解析：选C考查动词词组辨析。句意：快乐的人未必拥有最好的东西，他们只是充分利用了自己所遇到的一切。getthehangof“掌握……的要领”；thinklittleof“不把……当一回事”；makethemostof“充分利用”；takepossessionof“取得”。根据句意可知，C项当选。12．(2014·济南一中模拟)Aseverybodyknows,kangaroosarenative________AustraliaandareoftenregardedasoneofAustralia’snationaltreasures.A．inB．toC．from D．with解析：选B句意：众所周知，袋鼠是澳大利亚所特有的，并且经常被看作澳大利亚的国宝之一。sth.isnativeto...表示“某物原产于某地；某物是……所特有的”。13．—Excuseme,canyoutellmethewaytothesupermarket?—OK.Go________alongthestreet,turnleftandyou’llseeatallbuilding.Thatisthesupermarket.A．mostlyB．normallyC．straight D．aimlessly解析：选C句意：“打扰了，你能告诉我如何去超市吗？”“当然。沿街直走，左拐，你就会看到一座高大的建筑。那就是超市。”straight“直接”为副词，符合句意。mostly“主要地；通常”；normally“通常；正常地”；aimlessly“毫无目的地”。14．(2010·福建高考)Drunkdriving,whichwasoncea________occurrence,isnowundercontrol.A．generalB．frequentC．normal D．particular解析：选B考查形容词词义辨析。general“一般的；大体上的”；frequent“常见的；频繁的”；normal“正常的”；particular“特别的；特殊的”。根据句意“酒驾，曾经很频繁发生的事，现在被控制了”，可知B正确。15．Ittook________buildingsuppliestoconstructtheseenergy­savinghouses.Ittookbrains,too.A．otherthanB．morethanC．ratherthan D．lessthan解析：选B句意：建造这些节能住宅不仅仅需要供给建筑材料，还需要才智。morethan“不仅仅”，符合句意。otherthan常用于否定句，相当于but;ratherthan“而不是”；lessthan“少于”。Unit3Traveljournal(Ⅰ)单词拼写1．Asyougetolderyouwillchangeyourattitude(态度)towardsit.2．Onemajordisadvantage(不利因素)oftheareaisthelackofpublictransport.3．Ibent(弯腰)andpickedupthecoinslyingontheground.4．Itisdifficultfortheoldtokeepupwiththerapidpace(步伐)ofchange.5．Inmyview(观点),childrenshouldn’tplaygamesontheInternet.6．Hesucceededinpersuading(说服)thestrangemannottomakenoises.7．Nowadaysfarmersusuallytransport(运输)theirwheatfromthefarmtothemarketwithtractors.8．Whichonedoyouprefer(较喜欢),thebluejacketortheredone?(Ⅱ)用所给词的适当形式填空1．Itisthreeyearssincehegraduated(graduation)fromHarvardUniversity.2．Themeetingisscheduled(schedule)onTuesdaymorning.3．Theytalkedaboutitforhours.Finally(final),theydecidednottogo.4．Ateachershouldnotshowpreference(prefer)foranyoneofhispupils.5．Myteacher’stalkwokemeup,andIwasdetermined(determine)tostudyharder.6．Theyinsistedonorganizing(organization)anEnglishSpeechContest.(Ⅲ)语境填词(用所给词的适当形式填空)1．LiHuaisayoungmanwithgreatdetermination.HedeterminedtogotoTibetaftergraduation.Determinednevertocomebackbeforehecouldmakeabigfortune,helefthomewithoutsayingaword.(determine)2．Johnisveryreliable—ifhepromisestodosomethinghewilldoit,soyoucanrelyonhimtohelpyouwhenyouareintrouble.(rely)1．Haveyoumade_up_your_mind(下定决心)whethertotakepartinthesportsmeetingtobeheldnextweek?2．WecametotheUKin1974andhavelivedhereever_since(自从)．3．Idon’tcare_about_the_price(关心价格),solongasthecarisingoodcondition.4．Beforeitgotdark,thecampersput_up(搭建)theirtentsinavalley.5．Oncesheisdeterminedtodosomething,noonecanchange_her_mind(改变她的主意)．6．Nevergiving_in(屈服)ishispersonality,soyouneednotworryabouthim.7．Johnis_fond_of_playing_the_piano(喜欢弹钢琴)whilehissisterenjoysplayingfootball.8．As_usual(像往常一样),Davidwaslateforschoolagain,buttohissurprise,theteacherdidn’tpunishhimthistime.一、常考词汇细点拨1．prefervt.更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)[高考佳句]SomepeopleprefertodoalmosteverythingovertheInternet.(2013·安徽高考阅读D)有些人更喜欢在网络上完成几乎所有的事情。(1)prefersth.tosth. 喜欢……而不喜欢……preferdoingtodoing 宁愿做……而不愿做……(2)prefer(sb.)todosth. 更喜欢(某人)做……prefersb./sth.(should)dosth. 更喜欢某人/某物做……eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(\a\vs4\al(3)\a\vs4\al(prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.,woulddosth.ratherthandosth.,wouldratherdosth.thandosth.)))宁愿做……而不愿做……①Iprefertoreadwhilemywifepreferssingingtoreading.我喜欢读书，而我妻子喜欢唱歌不喜欢读书。②Iprefertolivesimplyrather_thanwastethelimitedresources.我宁愿过简单的生活也不愿去浪费有限的资源。③IprefermyEnglishclassestobetaughtinEnglishonly.＝IpreferthatmyEnglishclassesshould_be_taughtinEnglishonly.我愿意我的英语课仅用英语来教授。2．persuadevt.说服；劝说[教材原句]Twoyearsagosheboughtanexpensivemountainbikeandthenshepersuadedmetobuyone.两年前，她买了一辆昂贵的山地车，然后说服我也买了一辆。(1)persuadeeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(说服＋sb.＋\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(intodoingsth.,todosth.outofdoingsth.,nottodosth.)),使相信＋sb.＋\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(ofsth.,that...))))(2)trytopersuadesb.todosth.＝advisesb.todosth.尽力劝说某人做某事(但未必说服)①Don’tletyourselfbepersuadedintobuyingthingsyoudon’treallywant.不要被说服买你并不需要的东西。②WefinallypersuadedBenofthewisdomofthisdecision.我们最终使本相信这个决定是明智的。③Itriedtopersuadehimtogiveupdrinking,buthewouldn’tlistentome.我试图说服他戒酒，但他不听。[链接高考](2012·新课标全国卷)Ifshedoesn’twanttogo,nothingyoucansaywill________her.A．persuadeB．promiseC．invite D．support解析：选A考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果她不想去，你说什么也无法说服她。persuade“说服”；promise“许诺”；invite“邀请”；support“支持”。结合句意选A。3．determinevt.&vi.决定；确定；(使)下定决心[教材原句]Shegavemeadeterminedlook—thekindthatsaidshewouldnotchangehermind.她给了我一个坚定的眼神——这种眼神表明她是不会改变主意的。(1)determineon/upon 决定determinetodosth. 决定做某事(表示动作)determinesb.todosth. 使某人决定做某事determine＋从句 决定……(2)determinedadj. 坚决的；有决心的bedeterminedtodosth. 决心做某事(表示状态)(3)determinationn. 决心①Justasthestateofwaterisdeterminedbythetemperature,thestateofoneperson’slifeisdeterminedbytemperatureofhisheart.水的状态是由温度决定的，人生的状态是由自己心灵的温度决定的。②Herencouragementdeterminedmetocarryonwiththework.她的鼓励使我决心把这项工作继续下去。③Determined_to_dothisonmyown,Ispentseveralweeksgoingdoor­to­doorforajob,butfoundlittleresponse. (2011·安徽高考完形填空)决定靠自己找一份工作后，我花费了几个星期的时间挨家挨户地找，但是没有得到什么回应。4．viewn．风景；视野；观点；见解vt.观看；注视；考虑[教材原句]Toclimbthemountainswashardworkbutaswelookedaroundus,weweresurprisedbytheview.上山很艰难，但是当我们环顾四周时，我们对周围的景色感到惊讶。[一词多义]写出下列句中view的含义①Youmaywanttowritealettertoyourselffromyouroffender’spointofview.(2013·辽宁高考任务型阅读)观点；见解②Heclimbeduptothetopofthechurchtowertogetabetterviewoftheentirecity.景色；风景③Whentheoldmanopenedthewindow,astrangerwithahighhatcameintoview.视野④Igotanopportunitytoviewthemoviebeforeitwasreleased.观看⑤Wecanviewtheprobleminmanyways. 考虑comeintoview 进入视野；看得见inviewof 鉴于；考虑到inone’sview/opinion 在某人看来；依某人的看法⑥Inviewofthepracticalneedofsociety,therearemoreandmorepeopleinterestedinlearningEnglish.鉴于社会的实际需要，愈来愈多的人对学英语有兴趣。⑦Inmyview/opinion,GuangzhouEvergrande’swinningthe2013AsianChampionsLeaguetitleisabigstepforChinesefootball.我认为，广州恒大赢得2013年亚冠联赛冠军对于中国足球来说是一大步。[链接高考](2013·江苏高考)IamalwaysdelightedwhenIr