《微专题小练习》英语新高考 练习12　阅读理解＋七选五＋应用文写作

练习12阅读理解＋七选五＋应用文写作Ⅰ.阅读理解A2023·四川高三质检说明文320词★★★☆☆Foryears,DavidJames,whostudiesinsectsatWashingtonStateUniversity,hadwantedtoexaminethemigration(迁徙)patternsofWestCoastmonarchbutterflies(黑脉金斑蝶).Theroutethebutterfliestravelhasbeenhardlyknownbecausethepopulationsaretoosmalltofollow.Forevery200monarchbutterfliestagged(打标签)byaresearcher,onlyoneisusuallyrecoveredattheendofitstrip,Jamessays,andfindingeven200inthewildtotagisunlikely.Knowingtherouteisvitaltoconservationefforts,butJameshadnowaytofigureitout—untilhegotaphonecallfromWashingtonStatePenitentiaryinWallaWalla.Theprisonwaslookingfornewactivitiestoimprovethementalhealthofthoseservinglong­termsentences.SoJamesbeganworkingwithprisonerstoraisemonarchbutterfliesthroughthewholeprocessoftheirtransformation.Theadultinsectswerethentaggedandreleasedfromtheprison.Overfiveyears,nearly10，000monarchbutterfliesflewfromthefacility.ElsewhereinWashington,OregonandIdaho,researchersreleasedanotherfewthousand.Thetagsincludedemailaddresses,andsoonafterthefirstbutterfliestookoff,Jamesstartedreceivingmessagesfrompeoplewhohadspottedthem.Thebutterflies,thereportsconfirmed,winteredincoastalCalifornia.TwelveofthemlandedatLighthouseFieldStateBeachinSantaCruz.SeveralmoreheadedtoBolinasandMorroBay.TheworkhelpsresearchersidentifyidealplacestoplantmilkweedandothervegetationthatareimportanttothelifecycleofWestCoastmonarchbutterflies.Italsobroughtoutthegentlersideofsomeoftheprisoners.“Theywereveryworriedthattheyweregoingtoharmthebutterflies，”Jamessays.Watchingthemonarchbutterflychangetheirformalsotouchedthemen.“Thisbutterflychanged，”Jamesrecallsprisonerstellinghim,“andmaybewecantoo.”1．WhatwashardforDavidtodoinhisstudy?A．Gainfinancialsupport.B．Hirequalifiedworkers.C．Buildanewlaboratory.D．Findenoughmonarchbutterflies.2．Whywerethebutterfliestaggedbeforebeingreleased?A．Toguaranteetheirsafety.B．Toenablethemtoflylongerdistances.C．Totracktheirtravelroutes.D．Todistinguishthemfromotherspecies.3．Whatmakestheprisonersfeelthattheycanchange?A．Thepatiencethebutterfliesshowed.B．Thehardshipthebutterfliesunderwent.C．Thetransformationofthebutterflies.D．ThedevotionofJamestothebutterflies.4．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．Theimpactoftheresearch.B．ThefindingsofJames'study.C．Thereleaseoftheprisoners.D．Thelifecycleofthebutterflies.B2023·石家庄高三质检说明文340词★★★☆☆Foodshighinsugarareunhealthy,buttheseadditivesaretoodeliciousformanyofustogiveuporreduceinaway.Whatifwecouldsomehowenjoytheirtastewithoutactuallyeatingthem?Astudentteamhasnowdesignedaspoonwithastructurethatstimulatestastebuds(味蕾)toproduceasenseofsweetnesswithoutaddingcaloriesorchemicals.Theprojectfollowspreviousworkinvolvingflavor­enhancingcutlerylikechopsticksthatincreasesweetnesswithamildelectriccurrent.ThefiveundergraduateandgraduateresearchstudentswantedtocreateanewspooncalledSugarwareforpeoplewithsuchdisordersasdiabetes,withwhichsugarislargelyofftheirmenu.Thenewspoonwouldhaveseveralbumps(凸块)onitsundersidetopressagainstthetongue.Thebumpscanbecoveredwithapermanentlayerofmolecules(分子)calledligands.Theseligandsbondwithtaste­cellreceptorproteinsthattypicallyreacttosugarmoleculesorartificialsweeteners.Thebondcanactivatenervesignals,causingthebraintoregisterasenseofsweetness.Adinercouldthusstimulatesweetnessreceptorswithoutactualintakeofsugarorartificialsweeteners.Thisideaissimilartothepreviousworkinthattheyallusecutlerytoenhancetastewithoutauserhavingtoactuallyconsumeanysugar.“Butthemechanismforstimulatingthetastebudsispletelydifferent，”ShiyuXu,oneofthestudentresearchers,says.“Itusesbumpsandtaste­bud­stimulatingmoleculesratherthanelectricity.”Theideais“verycreative，”saysPaolaAlmeida,whoistheglobaldirectorofcorporateinnovationatcandymakerMars.Buttheproduct'smercialsuccesswouldrequireasignificantbehavioralshiftamongconsumers:insteadofaddingtheusualsugarorartificialsweeteners,“nowwe'resaying,‘Usethiscutlery’，”Almeidasays.“Itremainstobeseenwhetherflavor­enhancingcutlerywillcatchon.”5．WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A．Howthenewinventionworks.B．Howadinerfeelsweetness.C．Howligandsandproteinslink.D．Howsugarmoleculesfunction.6．Inwhatwayisthepreviousflavor­enhancingcutlerydifferentfromSugarware?A．Itmakesfoodmoredelicious.B．Itsendsoutsignalstothebrain.C．Ituseselectricitytoenhancetaste.D．Itreducesusers'foodconsumption.7．WhatisPaolaAlmeida'sattitudetothefutureofSugarware?A．Positive.B．Uncertain.C．Critical.D．Worried.8．What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A．StrugglingforLowSugar？—TryThisSpoonB．LookingforDeliciousFood？—ThisIsHowC．WorkingformercialSuccess？—BeCreativeforBetterHealth？—MindSweetenersⅡ.七选五2023·福建省高三质检说明文340词★★★☆☆Sciencefictiontelevisionhasdonealottoshapehowweviewthemealsofthefuture,fromaneveningdinnerinpillformtomachinesgivingusanymealwedesire,ondemand.__1__However,whiletheseideasforfoodcreationaremorethanfiftyyearsold,thewayweproduceandconsumefoodhasnotchangedverymuch.Eventhoughthereisenoughfoodavailabletodaytofeedtheworld,morethan870millionpeopledonothaveenoughtoeat.__2__Withtheglobalpopulationexpectedtogrowtomorethanninebillionby2050,demandforfoodwillonlyincrease.Nopillsormachineshavesolvedourfoodproblemsyet.However,agriculturalsciencehasbeenresponsibleforsavinghugenumbersoflives.Scienceandtechnologyhelpedusoutofstarvationduringthe1960sand1970swhentheworld'spopulationexploded.__3__Theresultofthispanicwasthe“greenrevolution”，whichsawtheintroductiontofarmingofhighproductiongrains,improvedirrigationsystemsandhybridseeds,savingoveronebillionpeoplefromstarvation.__4__Havingenoughfoodisonlythefirststep.Thereareplicationswithnaturaldisasters,conflict,povertyandenvironmentalproblems.Allthesecanmeanthatthefoodsupplyisputatrisk.__5__Manypeopleareconcernedabout“playingaroundwithnature”，adjustinghowfoodlooksandtastesandsmells,andotherhumaninterference(干预),allofwhicharewidespread.Anyhow,theworldhasnotbeenpletelysavedfromstarvation,butweareonthewaytogettingthere.A．Agriculturalsciencewasquiteasuccess.B．Therearemanyplexitieswhendealingwithfood.scienceandtechnologyoffoodcontributesalot.wouldeverstarveiffoodwerethiseasytoobtain.E．Anditisunbelievablethathungerkillsmorepeoplethandiseasedoes.F．Thentherearetheissueswefacewhenitestofoodexperimentation.G．Atthattimescientistsweregenuinelyworriedthatwewouldrunoutoffood.Ⅲ.应用文写作2023·沈阳市高三质检说明文340词★★★☆☆你校将以“节约粮食，减少浪费”为主题举办英语征文比赛，请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：1．浪费粮食的现象；2．节约粮食的做法；3．节约粮食的倡议。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2．请按如下