《微专题小练习》英语新高考 练习4　单句语法填空＋阅读理解

练习4单句语法填空＋阅读理解Ⅰ.单句语法填空(定语从句和状语从句)1．Themeetingwillbeputofftillnextweek,atime________mostofourclientswillhavebeenbackfromabroad.2．[2023·湖南长郡中学检测]Thereason________hewaslateforworkwas________hemissedthebusbyoneminutethismorning.3．[2023·河北深州中学期末]Withatotallengthof4，000metersandawidthof75meters,oneofitsrunwaysisa4Frunway—thehighestlevelintheinternationalaviationindustry,________largecivilaircraftlikeanAirbusA380cantakeoffandland.4．WheneverIreadtheoldletters,________wasfairlyoften,sweetmemorieswarmedmyheart.5．Withalovingcharacter,Tomissuchakindandhelpfulperson________wecannotpraisetoomuch.6．Itisthefamilyphotohungonthewallthatalwaysremindsmethatfamilyistheplace________Ishouldtrymybesttotakecareof.7．AsfarasIamconcerned，youthisaperiod________weshouldstudyhardandmakeourselveswellpreparedforthefuture.8．Young________sheis,shehastraveledtomanycountriestoputonshows.9．Theyoungcouple,whoreturnedmylostwallet,left________Icouldaskfortheirnames.10．Tosuchadegreewasheexcited________hecouldn'tsleeplastnight.Ⅱ.阅读理解A2023·新课标Ⅰ卷记叙文320词★★★☆☆WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(细菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer­causingchemicals?Withtherightbinationofanimalsandplants,hefigured,maybehecouldcleanupwastethewaynaturedid.Hedecidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercallaneco­machine.ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge(污泥).First,heconstructedaseriesofclearfiberglasstanksconnectedtoeachother.Thenhewentaroundtolocalpondsandstreamsandbroughtbacksomeplantsandanimals.Heplacedtheminthetanksandwaited.Littlebylittle,thesedifferentkindsoflifegotusedtooneanotherandformedtheirownecosystem.Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco­machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse­likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1，600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco­machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.“Ecologicaldesign”isthenameJohngivestowhathedoes.“LifeonEarthiskindofaboxofsparepartsfortheinventor，”hesays.“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat'shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself­repair.”1．WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Hewasfondoftraveling.B．Heenjoyedbeingalone.C．Hehadaninquiringmind.D．Helongedtobeadoctor.2．WhydidJohnputthesludgeintothetanks?A．Tofeedtheanimals.B．Tobuildanecosystem.C．Toprotecttheplants.D．Totesttheeco­machine.3．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinmentioningFuzhou?A．ToreviewJohn'sresearchplans.B．ToshowanapplicationofJohn'sidea.C．TopareJohn'sdifferentjobs.D．ToerasedoubtsaboutJohn'sinvention.4．WhatisthebasisforJohn'swork?A．Naturecanrepairitself.B．Organismsneedwatertosurvive.C．LifeonEarthisdiverse.D．Mosttinycreaturesliveingroups.B2022·全国甲卷说明文246词★★☆☆☆Goffin'scockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralasia,havebeenshowntohavesimilarshape­recognitionabilitiestoahumantwo­year­old.Thoughnotknowntousetoolsinthewild,thebirdshaveprovedskilfulattoolusewhilekeptinthecage.Inarecentexperiment,cockatooswerepresentedwithaboxwithanutinsideit.Theclearfrontoftheboxhada“keyhole”inageometricshape,andthebirdsweregivenfivedifferentlyshaped“keys”tochoosefrom.Insertingthecorrect“key”wouldletoutthenut.Inhumans,babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaroundoneyearofage,butitwillbeanotheryearbeforetheyareabletodothesamewithlesssymmetrical(对称的)shapes.Thisabilitytorecognizethatashapewillneedtobeturnedinaspecificdirectionbeforeitwillfitiscalledan“allocentricframeofreference”.Intheexperiment,Goffin'scockatooswereabletoselecttherighttoolforthejob,inmostcases,byvisualrecognitionalone.Wheretrial­and­errorwasused,thecockatoosdidbetterthanmonkeysinsimilartests.ThisindicatesthatGoffin'scockatoosdoindeedpossessanallocentricframeofreferencewhenmovingobjectsinspace,similartotwo­year­oldbabies.Thenextstep,accordingtotheresearchers,istotryandworkoutwhetherthecockatoosrelyentirelyonvisualclues(线索),oralsouseasenseoftouchinmakingtheirshapeselections.5．Howdidthecockatoosgetthenutfromtheboxintheexperiment?A．Byfollowinginstructions.B．Byusingatool.C．Byturningtheboxaround.D．Byremovingthelid.6．Whichtaskcanhumanone­year­oldsmostlikelypleteaccordingtothetext?A．Usingakeytounlockadoor.B．Tellingparrotsfromotherbirds.C．Puttingaballintoaroundhole.D．Groupingtoysofdifferentshapes.7．Whatdoesthefollow­uptestaimtofindoutaboutthecockatoos?A．Howfartheyareabletosee.B．Howt