高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解 八主旨大意之标题归纳题试题

主旨大意之标题归纳题ATulou，thespecialresidentialarchitectureofFujianProvincewasincludedontheUNESCO’sWorldHeritageListduringthe32ndsessionoftheWorldHeritageCommitteeinQuebec，Canada.Inthefourthcentury，HanChineselivingintheCentralPlainsareabegantomigratesouth，graduallygatheringinFujianandformingtheHakkacommunities.Asadefenceagainstenemies，theHakkaschosetoliveincompact(紧凑的)communities，andthetulouwastheirpreferredhouses.TensofthousandsofsuchearthenstructureswereconstructedinFujianProvince.Mosttulousaretobefoundinthevalleys，surroundedbyhighmountains，andsomeareinthedepthsofthegreatmountains.Mostarethreetofourstorieshigh，andlooklikecircularblockhouses(堡垒)．Roomsonthefirstfloorareusedaskitchens，roomsonthesecondfloorareusedasbarns(谷仓)，androomsonthethirdandfourthfloorsareforbedroomsandlivingrooms.Fordefensivepurposes，theroomsonthefirstfloorhavenowindows.Rawmaterialsforthetulouwereobtainedlocally.Theirmainbuildingmaterialwasamixtureofclay，sand，limeandwater，andeggwhites，brownsugarandricewaterwereaddedasadhesiveagents(粘合剂)．Itwasthenmixedtoformthewalls.Oncetheydried，thewallsweresohardthatdrivinganailintothemwouldhavebeendifficult.Firbranches，whichareextremelystronganddonotrot，wereusedtostrengthenthem，andmanycenturieslatertheyhaveremainedtheiroriginallook.Tulousarelocatedinaregionwhereearthquakeshappenfrequently，andtheircircularconstructionhelpsthemresisttheregularshocks.TheprovendesigneveninspiredonefamousPeruvianarchitect，whopaidseveralvisitstoYongding，tobuildatuloubackhome.Notlongafter，anearthquakestruckonly10kilometersaway，andwhileallthehousesaroundtheearthenbuildingfelldown，histulouremained.语篇解读本文属于说明文，主要介绍了世界文化遗产——福建土楼的用途、建设过程以及人们对它的评价。1．Fromthepassage，weknowthattulou.A．isaspecialresidentialarchitectureofHanChineseinFujianeventodayB．wasoncetheplacewheretheHakkaschosetolivetogetherC．standsinthevalleysandisalsomodernpeople’spreferredhousesD．lookslikecircularblockhousesbuteasytofalldownintheearthquake答案B解析细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Asadefenceagainstenemies，theHakkaschosetoliveincompact(紧凑的)communities，andthetulouwastheirpreferredhouses.”可知土楼是客家人用来防御敌人的重要工具，同时也是客家人生活居住的场所。故B正确。2．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．HakkasbuilttulouswhentheylivedintheCentralPlainsarea.B．Rawmaterialsforthetulouwereobtainedfromfaraway.C．Itisdifficulttodigaholeintothewallsofthetulou.D．Firbranchesmayhelpthemresisttheregularshocks.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第四段第四句“Oncetheydried，thewallsweresohardthatdrivinganailintothemwouldhavebeendifficult.”可知修建土楼的黏土干了以后非常坚硬，钉子都很难钉进去。故C正确。3．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．OneofUNESCO’sWorldHeritageListsB．TheFunctionofTulousC．YongdingCountyandtheHakkasD．TheSpecialEarthenArchitectureofFujian答案D解析标题归纳题。本文属于说明文，说明文的主题通常都在文章开头。本文第一段“Tulou，thespecialresidentialarchitectureofFujianProvincewasincludedontheUNESCO’sWorldHeritageListduringthe32ndsessionoftheWorldHeritageCommitteeinQuebec，Canada.”告诉我们福建土楼在第32届联合国教科文组织的会议上被列为世界文化遗产。接下来五段详细介绍了福建土楼的特点、用途、建设过程以及人们对它的评价。所以本文主要介绍的是福建永定的特有建筑：土楼。故D正确。BThisisatruestorythathappenedinJapan.Inordertorenovatethehouse，aJapanesetoreopenthewalls.Japanesehousesnormallyhaveanemptyspacebetweenthewoodenwalls.Whentearingdownthewalls，hefoundthattherewasalizard(蜥蜴)stucktherebecauseanailfromoutsidewashammeredintooneofitsfeet.Hesawthis，feelingpityandcurious.Whenhecheckedthenail，hefounditwasnailed10yearsagowhenthehousewasfirstbuilt.Whathappened？Thelizardhadsurvivedinsuchapositionfor10years！Ithasbeeninadarkwallpartition(夹层)for10yearswithoutmoving！Thenhewonderedhowthislizardsurvivedfor10yearswithoutmovingasinglestep—sinceitsfootwasnailed！Sohestoppedhisworkandobservedthelizard：Whathasitbeendoing？Whatandhowhasitbeeneating？Later，hedidn’tknowfromwhereanotherlizardappeared，withfoodinitsmouth.Ah！Hewasastonishedandtoucheddeeply.Thefreelizardhadbeenfeedingthestuckoneforthepast10years.Suchlove，abeautifullove！Suchlovehappenedwiththistinycreature...Whatcanlovedo？Itcandowonders！Justthinkaboutit：Onelizardhadbeenfeedingtheotheroneuntiringlyfor10longyears，withoutgivinguphopeonitspartner.Ifasmallcreaturelikealizardcanlovelikethis，justimaginehowwecanloveifwetry.语篇解读本文属于夹叙夹议类短文，讲述了一只蜥蜴被困在墙上十年，另外一只蜥蜴十年间一直给它送食物。这两只蜥蜴之间的爱情故事告诉我们永远不要放弃自己的爱人，因为爱可以创造奇迹。4．HowdidtheJapanesefeelwhenseeingthestucklizard?A．Frightened. B．Enjoyable.C．Confused. D．Usual.答案C解析推理判断题。根据第二段第四句“Thenhewonderedhowthislizardsurvivedfor10yearswithoutmovingasinglestep—sinceitsfootwasnailed！”说明他很困惑，这个蜥蜴怎么能在被困十年的时间里活下来。故C正确。5．Whatcanwelearnfromthefreelizard?A．Itteachesusnevertoabandonourlovedones.B．Itteachesustogivemorehelptoourlovedones.C．Ittellsustotakepityonthestucklizard.D．Itencouragesustoliveevenlonger.答案A解析推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第二句“Justthinkaboutit：onelizardhadbeenfeedingtheotheroneuntiringlyfor10longyears，withoutgivinguphopeonitspartner.”可知，这条自由的蜥蜴用它十年的实际行动告诉我们永远不要抛弃自己的爱人。故A正确。6．WhydidtheJapanesestophiswork?A．Towatchhowlongthelizardcanstilllivehere.B．Totakeoutthenailandsetthelizardfree.C．Tohavearestbywatchingthelizard.D．Tofindoutwhythelizardhadsurvivedherefor10years.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段第四、五句“Thenhewonderedhowthislizardsurvivedfor10yearswithoutmovingasinglestep—sinceitsfootwasnailed！Sohestoppedhisworkandobservedthelizard：Whathasitbeendoing？Whatandhowhasitbeeneating？”可知，他停下来是想搞清楚这只被困住的蜥蜴在这十年里是如何活下来的。故D项正确。7．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．AWonder B．TwoLizardsC．SuchaStory D．LizardLove答案D解析标题归纳题。本文讲述了一只蜥蜴被困在墙上十年，另外一只蜥蜴十年间一直给它送食物。这两只蜥蜴之间的爱情故事告诉我们永远不要放弃自己的爱人，因为爱可以创造奇迹。所以D项与文章中心思想一致。A、B、C三项不全面或与文章内容无关。CItwasThanksgivingmorning.IwasbusypreparingthetraditionalThanksgivingturkeywhenthedoorbellrang.Iopenedthefrontdoorandsawtwosmallchildreninragshuddlingtogetheronthetopstep.“Anyoldpapers，lady？”askedoneofthem.Iwasbusy.Iwantedtosay“no”untilIlookeddownattheirfeet.Theywerewearingthinlittlesandals(凉鞋)，wetwithheavysnow.“ComeinandI’llmakeyouacupofhotcocoa.”Theywalkedoverandsatdownatthetable.Theirwetsandalsleftmarksuponthefloor.Iservedthemcocoaandbreadtofightagainstthecoldoutside.ThenIwentbacktothekitchenandstartedcooking.Thesilenceinthefrontroomstruckme.Ilookedin.Thegirlheldtheemptycupinherhands，lookingatit.Theboyaskedinaflatvoice，“Lady，areyourich？”“AmIrich？Pity，no！”Ilookedatmywornoutslipcovers(椅套)．Thegirlputhercupbackinitssaucer(茶碟)carefullyandsaid，“Yourcupsmatchyoursaucers.”Theyleftafterthat，holdingtheirpapersagainstthewind.TheyhadremindedmethatIhadsomuchforwhichtobegrateful.Plainbluechinacupsandsaucerswereonlyworthfivepence.Buttheymatched.Itastedthepotatoesandstirred(搅动)themeatsoup.Potatoesandbrownmeatsoup，aroofoverourheads，mymanwitharegularjob，thesematched，too.Imovedthechairsbackfromthefireandcleanedthelivingroom.Themuddymarksoflittlesandalswerestillwetuponmyfloor.Letthembeforawhile，Ithought，justincaseIshouldbegintoforgethowrichIam.语篇解读本文介绍了在感恩节的早上，一对来要旧报纸的小男孩和小女孩给作者带来的人生思考。8．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．Lady，AreYouRich?B．AStoryofThanksgivingDayC．Don’tForgetHowRichYouAreD．DoCupsandSaucersMatchWell?答案A解析标题归纳题。根据文中“Theboyaskedinaflatvoice，‘Lady，areyourich？’”“AmIrich？Pity，no！”及“TheyhadremindedmethatIhadsomuchforwhichtobegrateful.”；再根据文章最后一句“Letthembeforawhile，Ithought，justincaseIshouldbegintoforgethowrichIam.”可知，从小男孩的这句话里，作者意识到什么才是真正的富有。故选A。9．Thewriterleftthemuddymarksoflittlesandalsonthefloorforawhileto.A．showthatshewasakindheartedladyB．remindherthatsheshouldn’tforgethowrichshewasC．leaveroomforreaderstothinkaboutwhatbeingrichisD．provethatshehadunderstoodwhatmeantbeingrich答案B解析细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“Letthembeforawhile，Ithought，justincaseIshouldbegintoforgethowrichIam.”说明作者想让这样的脚印提醒自己不要忘记自己有多富有，故B正确。10．Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatwhetheryouarerichdependson.A．howmuchmoneyyouhavemadeB．whatattitudeyouhavehadtowardslifeC．thewayyouhelpothersD．yoursocialrelationship答案B解析推理判断题。根据文章中女孩子的那句话“Yourcupsmatchyoursaucers.”让我们思考着富有与否取决于我们对生活的态度。故B正确。DHelsinkiisofferingyoungpeoplethechancetorentacheapapartmentinanoldpeople’shome，iftheyagreetospendtimesocializingwiththeelderlyresidents.Thecitycouncilisseekingapplicationsfromrentersundertheageof25whowillcommittospendingbetweenthreeandfivehourseachweekwiththeirolderneighbours，atacarehomeintheeasternLaajasalodistrict.Inexchange，they’llgetastudioflatmeasuring23squaremeterswithaprivatekitchen，bathroomandbalconyfor250eurospermonth.Currentlyonlythreeflatsareavailable，buttheschemeispartofawiderefforttodealwithalackofaccommodationforyoungpeopleinthecapital.Ordinarilyastudiocostsabout600eurosamonth，dependingonthearea，onelocaluniversityadvises.Thosewhoapplydon’tneedanyspecificcareexperience.“Therearestafftolookaftertheelderly，”projectmanagerMikiMielonentellsYle.“Wearelookingforyoungpeoplewhomaybehaveadifferentperspectiveoneverydaylife，whowillbringvarietyandrecreationtotheelderlyresidents.”Morethan60peoplehaveappliedforthespacesinlessthanaweek，andtheideahasalsobeenwidelyrecognizedbyFinnsonsocialmedia.“Greatproject，hopefullyitwillspreadtootherareas，”writesonepersononFacebook，whileanotherapplaudstheschemeforbringingdifferentgenerationstogether.Butsomewishitwereopentomorepeople，withoneusersaying：“It’sashametheflatsaresosmall.Itwouldhavebeenniceiftheelderlyhadasmallfamilywithchildrenorasingleparentastheirneighbour.”Andonepersonhasadifferentopinionaboutthecut­offage，writing：“ShameI’mtoooldforthis—Iwouldhavesurelyapplied.”语篇解读本文为新闻报道。在芬兰赫尔辛基市，愿意在养老院陪伴老年人的年轻人可以很便宜地租到养老院的公寓楼。11．Onecanprobablygetthecheapapartmentifhe.A．reachestheageof25B．hasfinancialproblemsC．promisestoaccompanytheelderlyD．agreestoshareit答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段中“...rentersundertheageof25