心理学第三章consciousness

心理学第三章consciousnessChap3Consciousness知觉意识Nottobeconfusedwithconscience不要让意识混淆自己Awarenessofourselfandoursurroundings随时注意到自己和自己的周围OtherideasAwarenessofawareness意识到意识Beingawarethatyouareaware注意自己注意到的东西Multiconsciousness多重意识SelectiveAttention

andotherphenomenon

选择性注意SelectiveAttentionBroadbent布罗德本特Focusingawarenessonaparticularstimulus一个特定意识的专注研究SelectiveAttention

andotherphenomenonCocktailPartyEffect鸡尾酒会效应Canlistentoonepersoninagroup人群中专注于一个人的说话Listeningtothegroupyouarewithataparty人群中专注于你自己朋友们的对话Someoneinagroupbehindyoumentionsyourname你周围提到你名字的人Yourattentionshiftstotheconversationbehindyou在不同人身上转换注意力Wouldn’tmindifIdid

在意无碍Unconsciousprocessing潜意识过程Definitions定义 BiologicalRhythms生物节律Menstruation月经Circadian生理节奏timeandtides岁月顺流逆流ruleusall影响我们所有的人Waking醒着Bodytemp体温Sleeping睡眠TosleepperchancetodreamTosleep:perchancetodream:ay,there‘stherub;睡眠偶尔创造梦境：嗨，小心障碍物Forinthatsleepofdeathwhatdreamsmaycome在梦境中梦想成真（whatdreamsmaycome电影美梦成真）Whenwehaveshuffledoffthismortalcoil,当我们摆脱尘世烦恼Mustgiveuspause:there‘stherespect人们需要暂停，需要有尊重Thatmakescalamityofsolonglife;生命中难免有艰辛Sleep睡眠Definition定义Periodicnaturallossofconsciousness定期的自然丧失意识Kindamaybebutnotcomplete但不是全部Thereisawarenessofsurroundings对周围还有意识Thereisawarenessof“biologicalneeds”生理需要清醒Anyoneelseeverhaveadream有没有从来没做过梦的Howaboutalucidone一个清晰的怎么样FiveStagesofsleep睡眠五阶段One(betaalphatheta)（希腊字母最初时间消耗值）Hypnagogic入睡前发生的Two(Theta)时间递耗SleepSpindle梭状波睡眠Three(Delta)Deltawavesleepδ波睡眠FourDeltawavesleep梦游Sleepwalkwetthebed尿床Nightterrors梦惊REM(Alpha,Theta,desynchronous)异步不同期Dreamandnightmares噩梦FiveStagesofsleepThisisacycle五个睡眠阶段是一个循环行为通常为九十分钟一循环睡眠深度循环通常如下1,2,3,4,3,2,REM,或者2,3,4,3,2,REMEachcyclelesstimeindeepsleep(3and4)andmoreinREM最深度睡眠3或4的减少会造成最后阶段REM的加时About90minutesSleepSowhydothiseveryday为什么每天要睡觉Askidswefighttostayup我们每天逼孩子们睡觉Simplyputwehavetosleeptoavoiddeath我们睡觉时为了避免死亡Justlike就像Breathing呼吸Drinking喝水Eating吃饭OkIskipsleeplastnightwillIdie 我昨晚没睡觉我会死吗？Maybe…maybenot也许..也许不会Effectsofsleeploss(includingbutnotlimitedto)

睡眠缺失的影响（包括但不限于）Achingmuscle,blurredvision,weakenimmunesystem,temp.colorblindness,depression,drowsiness,decreaseattention,decreasementalalertness,fainting,headaches,increaseinaccidents,memorylapses,confusion,darkcirclesundereyes,slurredspeech,nonsensicalspeech,nausea,vomiting,肌肉疼痛视力模糊免疫系统减弱间歇色盲沮丧困倦注意力下降精神机敏性下降昏厥头痛事故率上升记忆力差错混淆黑眼圈言语不清无意义言谈恶心呕吐…Ithinkyougetthepicture我想你懂了吧…lestIforgetBADGRADES免得我忘了严重的程度SleepDisorders无秩序混乱小病Insomnia失眠症Narcolepsy嗜眠发作SleepDisordersSleepApnea睡眠呼吸暂停症NightTerrors夜惊PerchancetodreamWhataredreams梦境AccordingtoourbookSequenceofimages,thoughts,emotionswhileasleep景象，想法，感情的续发出现AccordingtoFreud佛洛依德说AmethodtoreleaseunacceptablefeelingsanddesiresSeeIDEgoandSuperEgo(Chap12)过度自负梦境是释放不被接受的感受和欲望的地方DreamTheories

梦境原理Freud佛洛依德Releasevalveforrepressedfeelings压抑情绪的放气阀Twopartstoadream梦境的两部Manifestcontent心理梦境Latentcontent潜性内容InterpretonunconsciousdesiresoftheIDtypicallysexualoraggressive

翻译无意识欲望典型性别的好斗的DreamTheoriesJung荣格Dreamswereawayofcommunicatingandacquaintingourselveswiththeunconscious.梦境是我们交流与认识自己的潜意识途径Dreamscanhelpsolveproblems梦境可以帮助我们解决问题Dreamsareawindowtoourunconscious潜意识的窗口CollectiveUnconscious集体无意识Universalarchetypes普遍生物原型Self,Shadow,Anima,Animus(thefourmains)自我，阴影，灵魂，意图（四元素）Culturalmostly文化作用DreamTheories

梦境原理JungFourArchetypes.Revisited四原型重游Self自我Theunifiedbeing统一的存在Shadow阴影ClosetoFreud'sId(mysteriousandoftendisagreeable)神秘的时常为人不喜的Anima灵魂Feminine女性的Animus意图naturalandprimitive(male)自然的和原始的（男性）DreamTheoriesInformationprocessing信息加工Sortdaysevents日常事件Filememories文档式记忆DreamTheoriesPhysiological生理学的Helpsthebrainrestoredevelopandpreserveneuralpathways提高大脑存贮信息能力保护神经通路DreamTheoriesActivationSynthesis激活综合体Randomneuralactivityaswesleep随机神经活动ApplyGestalthere应用完全形态Tryingtomakeameaningfulsomethingoutofthechaos试着在混乱中找出意味深长的某物DreamTheoriesCognitive认知的Reflectknowledgeandunderstandingofdreamer反射梦者的知识和理解DreamTheoriesLatestTheoryThreatSimulation凶兆模拟的最新理论EvolutionaryPsychology进化心理学Aidsinsurvival艾滋病幸存者Mostaboutbeingchased被追逐Practiceforfight/flight打架练习Mirrorneurons(comingsooninChap7)镜像神经元DreamTheoriesDisney迪斯尼Wishyourheartmakes希望你的心创造出的Whenyou’refastasleep当你快速入睡Indreamsyouwilllooseyouheartaches在梦里你将不再心痛Whateveryouwishforyoukeep只有你想要保持的东西Hypnosis催眠Definition定义Socialinteractioninwhichhypnotistsuggesttosubjectcertainfeelings,thoughts,sensations,emotions,andbehaviorwillspontaneouslyoccur

实施催眠者提出社会交流中人们会不由自主地发生感觉、思考、情感、行为倾向HypnosisTheories催眠理论D