高中英语Unit3AhealthylifeLearningaboutLanguage课件新人教选修6

Unit3

AhealthylifeLearningaboutLanguage语法精讲·思维构建it的用法(Ⅰ)【语法感知】观察上面对话,并类比填空。1.__ishalfpastthreenow.

2.It’salovelybaby.Is__aboyoragirl?

3.Thatvaseisvaluable.__ismorethan200yearsold.ItitIt【语法精讲】一、it作人称代词1.用于上文提到过的指人以外的一切生物、无生命的东西和事情。*(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Coloristhekeytomakingaroomfeelthewayyouwantittofeel.为了让房子拥有你想要的感觉,颜色是关键。【名师点津】(1)it:指代同名同物,表示特指,指代上文所提到的同一个对象。作主语时复数为they,作宾语时复数为them。(2)one:指代同类异物,表示泛指,指代上文所提到的某一类对象中的一个。one既可代替人,也可以代替物,但只能代替可数名词,相当于a/an+单数可数名词。复数形式是ones。(3)that:①用于远指,表示特指,指代上文所提到的同一个对象,经常与this相对使用。复数为those,this的复数是these;②用于比较结构,以保持比较对象相同,为了避免重复,相当于the+名词,表示特指。注意:①one单独使用时不用冠词修饰,当有形容词修饰时,one前需加a/an,有限制性的定语修饰时前面加the;②that不能带前置定语,但可以有后置定语。Ihavelostmyumbrella;I’mlookingforit.我丢了伞,我现在正在找它。(同名同物)itthatone*Itistwomilestotheislandfromhere.(指距离)从这里到那座岛有两英里远。*(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Adultsunderstandwhatitfeelsliketobefloodedwithobjects.(指事物的状态)大人明白(屋里)塞满东西是什么感觉。【即学活用】指出下列句子中it的含义。(A.指时间B.指距离C.指事物的状态D.指天气)(1)Itismerely2kilometresfromourschooltothestation. (

)(2)Iteventuallyclearedupafterafewconstantrainydays. (

)(3)Wewouldsitbythelake,dreamingofwhatitwouldbeliketolivethere. (

)(4)ItwasApril1stwhenthegovernmentissuedabanonsmokinginpublic. (

)答案:(1)～(4)BDCA三、it作形式主语当动词不定式、动名词或从句作主语时,通常把它们置于句末,而用it作形式主语,放在句首。1.作形式主语替代主语从句。(1)Itbe+adj.+that...(常用于此句型的形容词有certain,doubtful,important,necessary,easy,strange,natural等)(2)Itbe+过去分词+that...据……(常用于此句型的过去分词有:said,announced,believed,reported,known,hoped等)(3)Itbe+a/an+n.+that...做……是……的(常用于此句型的名词有pity,honour,shame,wonder等)(4)Ithappens/seems/looks/appears/turns(ed)out/occurredtosb.that...碰巧/似乎/看起来/结果/某人突然想起……*Itisadvocatedthatweshoulddonatemoneyoranylivingarticlestothechildren.人们提倡我们应该向那些儿童捐赠钱和生活用品。*Itisapitythatyoudidn’twinthescholarship.你没获得奖学金真遗憾。【知识延伸】①句型(1)中的形容词为necessary/important/strange等时,主语从句的谓语部分用“should+动词原形”结构。②句型(2)中的过去分词为表示“建议、命令、要求”等意思时,主语从句的谓语部分用“should+动词原形”结构,且should可以省略。2.作形式主语替代不定式。(1)Itis+adj.+(for/ofsb.)todosth.(2)It+is/was+one’sturn(duty,pleasure,apity,greatfun,ahabit,time,arule,ashame,nowonder)+todosth.(3)Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.(4)Itcostssb.somemoneytodosth.(5)It’suptosb.todosth.应由某人(负责)做……*(2020·天津高考)ItwassogoodtofeelacceptedforwhatI’mgoodat.感觉自己擅长的事被人接受了,真是太好了。*Itisimpossibletogettherebyboat.

坐船到那里是不可能的。*Ittookmeapproximatelytwomonthstotranslatetheforeignnovel.翻译那本外国小说花费了我大约两个月的时间。*It’suptoustohelpthoseinneed.我们有责任帮助那些有困难的人。【名师点津】①句型(1)中的形容词表示对逻辑主语的评价时,不定式前用ofsb.,常见的形容词有brave,careless,foolish,honest,kind,modest,rude,silly,stupid,wise,wrong等;②若句型(1)中的形容词表示重要性、紧迫性、频繁程度、难易、安全等情况,则不定式前用forsb.。常见的形容词有important,necessary,easy,hard,natural,impossible等。3.作形式主语替代动词-ing形式。有些句型中it作形式主语,真正主语为动词-ing形式:(1)It’suseless/(of)nouse/(of)nogooddoingsth.做……是徒劳的/没有用的/没有益处的。(2)Itisawasteof...doingsth.做某事是浪费……的。*It’snogoodputtingthingsoffbecauseyouhavetogetthemdoneanyway.推迟该做的事情是没有益处的,因为无论如何你都要去做。*It’snousetakingthiskindofmedicine.吃这种药没有用。*Itisawasteoftimepersuadingsuchapersontojoinus.劝说这种人加入我们是浪费时间。【即学活用】(1)_________________forotherpeopletomakedecisionsforyou.等别人替你做决定是没有用的。

(2)___________________Ihadleftmyticketathome.

我突然想起我把票忘在家里了。(3)(2021·全国甲卷)___________historyiswrittenbythevictors,andthosevictorssetthestandardsforadmissiontothegeniusclub.据说历史是由胜利者书写的,而这些胜利者为天才俱乐部设定了准入标准。

ItisnousewaitingItoccurredtomethatIt’ssaidthat四、it作形式宾语1.用于“主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语”句型。该句型中,当宾语是不定式、动词-ing形式或宾语从句时,常使用it作形式宾语,而把真正的宾语——不定式、动词-ing形式或宾语从句置于补足语之后。常用于此句型的动词有:make,think,consider,believe,guess,suppose,declare,imagine,feel,find,discover,notice,regard等。*(2020·浙江高考)Myparentsmadeitapointfortheirtwokidstospendtimeoutside,nomattertheweatherorseason.我的父母坚持让他们的两个孩子花时间在户外待着,不管什么天气或季节。*Theyconsidereditimportanttohavetheworkdoneontime.他们认为按时完成这项工作很重要。itittosmoketry→trying在on后加it五、it常用的固定搭配makeit成功、做到、说定、赶上、及时到达asitis事实上,实际情况是……;照原样ifithadn’tbeenfor...如果不是……,要不是……that’sit到此为止、仅此而已;就是这样,完全正确Takeiteasy.不要慌,别担心。Believeitornot.信不信由你。Italldepends.那得看情况而定。takeiteasy学情诊断•课堂测评What→Ittry→tryingfor→ofAs→Itmake后加itⅡ.句型转换1.Tomysurprise,hethoughtthatitwasimpossibleforhimtolearnEnglishwell.→Tomysurprise,hethought___________forhimtolearnEnglishwell.

2.36studentsaresaidtohavepassedtheexaminourclass.→____________36studentshavepassedtheexaminourclass.

3.Togiveupsmokingisnoteasy.→____noteasytogiveupsmoking.

itimpossibleItissaidthatItis4.Arguingaboutitisuseless.→____uselessarguingaboutit.

5.Ibecamestrongerandstronger,whichmademyparentsglad.→Ibecamestrongerandstronger,and_____________________.

6.Hefeltitwashisdutytoservethecustomersheartandsoul.→Hefelt_________toservethecustomersheartandsoul.

7.Inthewest,peoplesendChristmaspresentstotheirrelativesandfriends,makingitarule.→Inthewest,people____________tosendChristmaspresentstotheirrelativesandfriends.

Itisitmademyparentsgladithisdutymakeitarule8.Whenandwheretoholdthematchhasn’tbeendecided.→___________________whenandwheretoholdthematch.

9.Inmyopinion,tofinishourworkinaweekwasdifficult.→Ifound_________tofinishourworkinaweek.

10.Wemeteachothertwoweeksago.→___________________sincewemeteachother.

Ithasn’tbeendecided