研究生英语精读教程上册Unit-Seven

GoodTaste,BadTasteStephenBayleyUnitSevenSummaryCONTENTSAboutAuthorTranslationKeyWordsAboutAuther

StephenBayley:(1951-)Britishdesignconsultant,writer,exhibitionorganizerandmuseumadministrator;bornonOctober13th,1951,atCardiff.HeattendedQuarryBankSchool,Liverpool,ManchesterUniversityandLiverpoolSchoolofArchitecture,andgraduatedwithanM.A.HeworkedasLecturerinHistoryofArtattheOpenUniversityin1974-1976andtheUniversityofKentin1976-1980;directorofConranFoundationandsubsequentlytheBoilerhouseProjectandtheDesignMuseumin1980-1990;principalofEye-QLtd.(designconsultancy,nowRedwoodandBayleyLtd)in1990onwards;contributingeditorofGQin1991onwards.HelecturedthroughouttheUKandabroad.PeriodicalPublishersAssociationMagazinegrantedhimColumnistoftheYear1995,andFrancegavehimChevalierdesArtsetdesLetters.Hispublicationsinclude:InGoodShape(1979),TheAlbertMemorial(1981),ConranDirectoryofDesign(1985),Sex，DrinkandFastCars(1986),CommerceandCulture(1989),Taste(1991),GeneralKnowledge(1996),andmanycontributionstonewspapersandmagazines.Hisleisureinterestsincludetravel-relatedservices,solitarysports,books.TextSummaryThethingsweownandourpurchasingbehaviorallreflectthefavorandtaste.Andbeforetheeraofmassproduction,tasteistheconceptofeducatedelite.Butafterpeoplebecameconsumersforthefirsttime,everyonehadthechancetomakeachoice.Thenit’snotdifficulttoexercisetaste,wejustneedtomakesurewhatstorieswewanttotellaboutourpossessionsandthengetonandorchestratethem.Andtasteisanexpressionofourownsystemofvalues.Tounderstandtastemeansthatweshouldbeconvincedofourchoicesratherthanpurchasecynicaljunkblindly.Andinthefuture,wewillbeexposedtomoreandmorechoice.However,remember,tasteisnotamatterofexpense,indeed,“refinement,restraint,appropriatenessandgoodmanners〞aretheRulesofTaste.TEXTHEREDemographic-baseddatasetscouldtransformsearchmarketingROIin2023.ParagraphOneThethingsyouowntellstoriesaboutyouassurelyastheJonesesyou'rekeepingupwith.Eachpurchaserevealssomethingyourpartnerorclosestfriendmaynotrealisefromyourintimateexchanges.Everytimeyoubuysomethingyouexerciseyourtaste.1.keepupwith追上，赶上；和......保持联系Hurryup,oryouwon’tkeepupwiththem.快点，否那么你就赶不上他们了。Prediction:〞The(information)highwaywillnotonlymakeiteasiertokeepupwithdistantfriends,itwillalsoenableustofindnewcompanions.〞语言：“信息高速公路将不仅会使与遥远的朋友保持联系变得更容易，而且还能使我们找到新的朋友。〞2.reveal/ri’vi:l/vt.显示；透露；揭露；泄露N.揭露；暴露；门侧，窗侧Ishouldbegladtogiveyouanyhelpifyourevealyourthoughtstome.如果你把你的想法透露给我，我愿意尽全力帮助你。Notyetbecausethatwouldrevealwhichoneswehaveseenandwhichwehavenot.对不起，现在还不能细说，因为这会暴露我们看到和没看到的。3.realise/’rilaiz/vt.认识到，明白；实现Yourealisetheyhaveneverbeenthere.你明白了他们从没有到过那里。Inthefirsthalftheyrealisetheirbossisexploitingthemandbeingtounderstandthetheoryofsurplusvalue.在前半部，工人们认识到他们的老板实在剥削他们，开始了剩余价值理论。4.intimate/’intimt/adj.亲密的；私人的；精通的N.知己；至交；亲密关系Vt.暗示；通知；宣布Whatdepthsofanguishdotheyintimate?它们暗示了痛苦的何等深度？Some

people

feel

that,

because

they

are

in

an

intimate

relationship,

they

have

the

right

to

express

themselves,

whenever,

for

whatever

reason有些人认为，因为他们的亲密关系，所以他们有权在任何时候因任何理由进行自我表达。The

experiences

you

have

with

someone

—

friendship

or

more

intimate

—

really

affects

how

you

see

them.你与某些人之间的经验，友情或更亲密的关系，也影响你如何看待他们。你所拥有的东西，正像你所追赶的社会时尚一样，无疑能说明你的情趣。你买的每件物品都显示出你的某种爱好，而这种爱好是你的伴侣或者最亲密的朋友在你们的亲密交往中也没有觉察到的。你每次购物都在运用你的情趣。ParagraphTwoBeforetheageofmassproduction,tasteusedtobetheprovinceofaneducatedelite.Butwhentheentirepopulationbecameconsumersforthefirsttime,tastecameoutofthesalonsandontothestreets.Suddenly,everybodyhadtheopportunitytomakeachoice.1.taste：n.味道；品味；审美vt.尝；体验vi.尝起来；有…的味道Eg：Idrankacupofteathattastedofdiesel.我喝了一杯有柴油味的茶。2.province：n.省；领域；职权theprovinceofaneducatedelite有教养的社会名流3.elite：n.〔集合名词〕精英；精华；杰出人物；高贵者；中坚分子4.entire：adj.全部的，整个的；全体的Eg：Thereareonly60swimmingpoolsintheentirecountry.整个国家仅有60个游泳池。5.salon：n.沙龙〔西方社会在社会名流家里定期举行的社会聚会〕comeout：出来；出现；出版；出狱；发表；结果是Eg：InthisgrimlittleepisodeofrecentAmericanhistory,fewpeoplecomeoutwell.

在这一小段严酷的美国近代历史中，没几人结果很好。形近词：comein：进来；到达；流行起来comeon：快点；开始；要求；上演；跟着来；突然产生comeoutof：由…产生，从…出来在大规模生产的时代以前，品味是属于有教养的社会名流的领域。但是，当全民都第一次成为消费者之后，品味就走出沙龙来到了大街上。突然间，每个人都有了进行选择的时机。ParagraphThreeTherecannotobjectivelybesuchathingas“good〞or〞bod〞.ItisratherasthenovelistArnoldBennettputit:goodtastemightbebetterthanbad,butbadtasteiscertainlybetterthannotasteatall.1.objectivelyadv.Existingoutsidethemind(现有外的思想)客观的Hehashadtimetocooldownandlookatwhathappenedmore

objectively他已经冷静了一段时间，能更加客观地看待所发生的事情。2.ArnoldBennett〔1867-1931〕阿诺德.贝内特anEnglishnovelist,dramatist(剧作家),andcritic(评论家)3.ItisratherasthenovelistArnoldBennettputit(这是一个插入语):goodtastemightbebetterthanbad,butbadtasteiscertainlybetterthannotasteatall.〔这是表语从句，这里

省略了that〕不可能客观存在像高雅或庸俗这样的东西，还有小说家阿诺德.贝内特说得好：高雅的情趣也许比庸俗好，但庸俗的情趣肯定比根本不讲情趣要强。ParagraphFourExercisingtasteisnotdifficult.Youdecidewhatstoriesyouwantyourpossessionstotellandthengetonandorchestratethem.Butbewarned:noteverystoryisaflatteringone.Buyanonyxashtrayandyoumightaswellrentposterspaceandtelltheworld“Iamthedupeofcynicalmanipulatorswhohavesucceededinseducingmewithflashyrubbish.〞1.OrchestrateVt.把...编成管弦乐曲；精心安排；把...协调地结合起来Vi.编管弦乐曲eg:Oncewehaveseenthatwecanchangeourownlifeandconstructourownexperience,weareabletoorchestratethingssothatweexperiencegreatermeaning.一旦我们发现我们可以改变自己的生活并组建自己的经历，我们就可以精心编排，这样我们的经历就会更加有意义。2.flatteringAdj.令人快乐的Givingafeelingofpleasureto3.Ashtrayn.烟灰缸eg:Igroundmycigaretteintotheashtray.我把香烟扔进烟灰缸里。4.Postern.招贴、标语、广告。eg:ThispostersellsthevirtuesoftravelandtripontheThames.这份海报那么是在宣传泰晤士河河畔旅行的优点。5.Dupen.受骗的人，被人愚弄的人。eg:Evenpubstaffhaveadmittedtousingbeautifulgirlstodupetheirmalecustomers.就连酒吧工作人员也成认他们利用漂亮女孩儿来欺骗男顾客的行为。6.cynicaladj.玩世不恭的、愤世嫉俗的。Eg:Youmightthinkshe’dbecynicalbynow.你也许会认为她现在一定愤世嫉俗。7.Manipulatorn.操作者、调制器。Eg:peopletouchtheneckwhentheylie.Itisaclassicmanipulator.人们说谎时习惯摸脖子，这是一种典型的强迫动作。8.SeduceVt.诱惑、怂恿。Eg:ThesethingshaveIwrittenuntoyouconcerningthemthatseduceyou.我将这些话写给你们，是指着那诱惑你们的人说的。9.flashyAdj.浮华的、华而不实。Eg:Ifhecanaffordacar,aflashyoneisbetterthanaboringone.如果他能买一辆车，华美的总比乏味的更适合他的胃口。运用情趣并不难。你先确定你希望你所拥有的各种东西反映出何种情趣，然后再根据情况进行安排和协调。但是，请注意：并非每一个决定或选择都会令你感到快乐的。如果你要买一个玛瑙烟灰缸，那还不如租一块广告牌向世界宣布：“我上当了，让那些玩世不恭的家伙骗了，他们用华而不实的玩意儿诱我上了钩。〞ParagraphFiveSincethe18thcenturywhentastewasfirstdiscussed,peoplehavebelievedthatiswasanendowmentofanelite,handeddowntothosepoorsoulsbelowwhowantedtobetterthemselves.Thisopenedupthemarkettotastemarks-eitherthepatricianbureaucratsofVictoria,sregion,ortheteamsofslickdecoratorsoftodaywhohavemadecareersoutofintroducingnewmoneytooldfurniture.这里“handeddown...tobetterthemselves〞是一个分词短语，相当于一个分词，做伴随状态。“below〞修饰其先行词“souls〔灵魂〕〞。1.endowment n.anybequestorgifitthatprovidesanincomeforaninstitutionorprrson;talent捐赠，捐款；才能，天才Thatisthebenefitofattendingaprivateschoolthathasanimpressiveendowment.参加私立学校的好处是这所私立学校有丰厚的捐赠。2.patrician adj.oforlikeanoblemanoraristorcrat贵族似的3.bureaucrat n.oneofgovernment,business,orotherofficialswhoareappointedratherthanelected官僚4.region n.theperiodofruleunderakingorqueen〔君主等的〕统治时期1.autonomousregion自治区2.administrativeregion行政区域；行政分区3.specialadministrativeregion特别行政区FloodingislikelyinsomecoastalregionsoftheNortheastduringtheearlypartoftheweek.本周初东北部一些沿海地区可能出现水患。5.slick adj.havingorshowingaskillincompositionortechniquebutoflittledepthorartisticsignificance华而不实的aslickHollywoodproduction一部场面恢宏但内容浅薄的好莱坞电影自18世纪首次讨论情趣以来，人们就认为情趣是高贵者们赏给那些希望提高修养的可怜的下层人的一种恩赐。这就向倡导时髦风气的人(他们或是维多利亚统治时期的贵族式官僚，或是今天专门从事介绍人们花钱买老式家具的一帮圆滑的“室内装饰家〞)翻开了市场。ParagraphSixButisthequestionoftastejustoneofhouseholdhints?No.Tasteisanexpressionofawholesystemofvalues.Andthatmeansyours.1.householdn.家庭;家庭，户;〔集合词〕全家人，〔包含人在内的〕家眷，家属，家里人;〔英〕王室adj.家喻户晓的;家庭的，家内的，一家的;日常的，家常的，普通的;王室的Mosthouseholdsnowownatleastonecar.2.hintn.暗示;线索，迹象;提示，本卷须知;微量vt.暗示vi.暗示，提示Atthefirsthintoftrouble,theyleft.他们一发现有点不妙的迹象就离开了。3.Expression表现表示表达表情态度n..表现，表示，表达;表情，脸色，态度，腔调，声调;[数]式，符号;语句，措辞，说法Expressionsofsympathyfloodedinfromalloverthecountry.同情之意如潮水般从全国各地涌来。4.Systemofvalues社会价值准那么体系但是，情趣问题只是属于家庭的一个线索吗？不。情趣是一整套价值观体系的表达。这是指你自己的价值观。ParagraphSevenToachieveanunderstandingoftastemeansthatyoushouldhaveconvictioninyourchoices.Ifyoulookatthehistoryoftasteyouwillseethatitislikeasketchofthehistoryofcivilisation:for200yearsrococo,classical,gothic,streamlinedandthenLauraAshleyhaveallinturnbeenacceptableexpressionsoftaste.Onlygifted

artistsanddesignerscanpredictthesechangesbutan