单元素养检测卷(四)Unit-4-公开课

单元素养检测卷(四)[Unit4][时间：120分钟满分：150分]第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。(A)1．Whatisthemanlookingfor?A．Hisphone.B．Hiswallet.C．Hiskeys.(B)2．Whatwouldthewomanliketohave?A．Cake.B．Coffee.C．Candy.(B)3．Whathomeworkdoesthewomanhave?A．English.B．French.C．Maths.(A)4．Howdidthewomangetthehat?A．Shemadeitherself.B．SheboughtitforChristmas.C．Shegotitfromherclassmate.(C)5．Whatdoesthewomanmean?A．She'sgoodatbasketball.B．Shelikesplayingbasketball.C．She'seasytobebeateninthegame.听力材料Text1M:Okay,Ihavemykeys,mywallet,and…Waitaminute…Whereismyphone?W:Iputitinyourbag.It'salmostoutofbattery,though.Text2M:WhatcanIgetforyou,Miss?Wehaveaspecialpriceoncaketoday!It'sonlytwodollarseachpiece.W:No,thankyou.I'djustlikealargecoffeewithnocreamorsugar.Text3M:Howmuchhomeworkdoyouhavethisweekend?I'vefinishedmyEnglishreport,soIjusthavetostudyformaths.W:AllIhaveisalittlebitofFrench.Doyouneedsomehelpwithyourmaths?Text4M:That'sanicehat!Itlookssowarmforwinter.DidyougetitforChristmas?W:No,Iactuallymadeitmyself!Itookaclassthatteacheshowtomakeclothesatschoollastfall.Text5M:We'regoingtotheparktoplaybasketball.Doyouwanttocome?Youcanbeontheotherteam.W:Youalwayssaythat.Ithinkyoujustwanttowinagain.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。(A)6．Whydidthemanhaveagoodday?A．Hegaveagreatspeech.B．Hehaddinnerwithhisboss.C．Hegotahigherpositionatwork.(C)7．Howdoesthemanfeelabouthisjob?A．Helikestheboss.B．Helikestheco­workers.C．Helikestheopportunitiestogrow.听力材料Text6W:Howwasworktoday?You'rehomelate.Butyouseemhappy!M:Iam!Igaveaspeechaboutourcompanyandproductsinfrontofmycustomersandco­workers,anditwentverywell.ThenIwenttodinnerwithmyco­workerstocelebrate.W:That'swonderful!Soisyourbossgoingtopayyoumoremoney?M:Notyet.Butifthere'sahigherpositionopen,she'llmovemeup.ThenI'llmakegoodmoney.I'msohappyIhavethisjob.Itgivesmemoreresponsibilityandopportunitiestogrow.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。(B)8．What'stherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A．Brotherandsister.B．Classmates.C．Teammates.(C)9．Wherewillthewomangofirstthisafternoon?A．Tothelibrary.B．Totheman'shouse.C．Tothesoccerfield.听力材料Text7M:DoyouwanttostudyGermantogetherthisafternoon?Thetextbookishardtounderstand.W:Sure.IhaveaGermandictionarywecanusetohelpusreadthebook.M:Ihaveone,too.IalsohavealotofnotesthatItookwhileMrsJoneswasteachinginclass.W:Perfect!Doyouwanttogotothelibrarytostudy?M:Let'sgotomyhouseinstead.Mymumwillmakeussnacks,andit'llbemorecomfortable.W:Okay.ButIhavetogotosoccerpracticefirst.It'lljustbeforanhour.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。(C)10．WheredoesEmmaShapplincomefrom?A．Britain.B．Italy.C．France.(A)11．Whydidtheman'sparentslistentoEmmaShapplin?A．Hervoiceisbeautiful.B．Shesanginamodernway.C．Theyarefromthesametown.(C)12．Howoldisthemannow?A．10yearsold.B．20yearsold.C．30yearsold.听力材料Text8W:Whatareyoulisteningto,Michael?Itsoundslikeopera.IsitinEnglish?M:You'rerightaboutpartofit.ShesingsItalianoperabutinamodernway.ThisisasingerI'velikedsinceIwas10yearsold.Myparentsusedtolistentoheralot.HernameisEmmaShapplin.She'saFrenchwoman,justlikemymother.Infact,theycomefromthesametown.Butthat'snotwhymyparentslistenedtohersongs.W:Whatwastheirmainreason?M:Listenforaminute…Canyouhearwhatalovelyvoiceshehas?IlistentohermusicjustasmuchnowasIfirstdid20yearsago.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。(A)13．Whattimeofyearisit?A．Summer.B．Fall.C．Winter.(B)14．Whatdoesthemanwantforhisvacation?A．Beingaroundpeople.B．Goingsomewherenew.C．Enjoyingcoolerweather.(C)15．Wherewillthemango?A．Tothebeach.B．Tothemountains.C．Toalake.(A)16．Whatwillthetwospeakersdofirst?A．Chooseahotel.B．Rentacar.C．Plansomeevents.听力材料Text9M:Helpmeplanmyvacationfornextweek!W:Okay.Whatdoyouneedtodo?M:Ihavetorentacar,findahotel,andplaneventstodo.W:Whereareyougoing?M:Ican'tdecideifIshouldgotothebeachorthemountains.Ilovethebeach,butIgothereeveryyear.Andit'salwayssobusyrightnowinthesummer.Iwanttogosomewheredifferent.Ihaven'tbeentothemountains,butit'llbecoldupthereevenatthistimeofyear.W:Whydon'tyougotoalake?Iwenttoonelastfallandlovedit.It'sdifferentfromthebeachanddoesn'thavecrowdsofpeople.Anditwillstillbewarmerrightnowthangoingupintothemountainareas.M:Goodidea!I'lldothat.NowwhatdoIdo?W:Nowweneedtofindahotelforyoutostay.Thenwe'llgetontotheotherthings.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。(B)17．Whenisthesale?A．Today.B．Thisweekend.C．Nextweekend.(B)18．Whatisthediscountoncatfood?A．20%off.B．25%off.C．30%off.(A)19．Whatisthenewkindofpetfoodduringthesale?A．Pigfood.B．Dogfood.C．Mousefood.(C)20．Whatkindoftoysarebeingsoldfordogs?A．Mousetoys.B．Balltoys.C．Ropetoys.听力材料Text10Hello,everyone.I'mgoingtotellyougoodnewstoday.MakesureyoubringyourpetstoThePetCornerthisweekend!We'rehavingasaleonfoodandtoysforyourpets.Youwon'twanttomissout!Allkindsofdogfoodaregoingtobe30%off.Catfoodwillbe25%offtheoriginalprice.We'realsobringingoutanewtypeofpetfoodduringoursale.It'spigfood.Ithasrecentlybecomepopulartokeepmini­pigs(小型猪)aspets.So,ifyou'reapetpigowner,we'veevengotasaleforyouthisweekend!Ourpigfoodpricesare35%off,thisweekendonly.Andforallanimals,wehavetoys,toys,toys!Fordogsandpigs,ourshelvesarefullofstuffedanimalsandropetoys.Pigsliketochewthingsup,too!Andforourcatfriends,wehaveplentyofballtoysandmousetoys.Alltoysare20%off.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)第一节(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AStepintoMovingtoMars,anexhibitionofMarsmissionandcolonydesignatLondon'sDesignMuseum,andimmediatelyyouhavegoodreasonsnottomovethere.Frighteningglowingwall­textsannouncethatMarswasn'tmadeforyou,andthatthereisnolifeandpreciouslittlewater,andthat,dressedinaspacesuit,youwillnevertouch,tasteorsmelltheplanetyounowcall“home”.AsLisaGrossmanwroteforNewScientistacoupleofyearsago,“What'sdifferentaboutMarsisthatthereisnothingtodothereexcepttrynottodie.”Itisanoddbeginningforsuchacelebratoryexhibition,butitprovidesavaluable,darkbackgroundagainstwhichtherestoftheshowcansparkle(闪耀)—ashowthatis，asitschiefmanagerJustinremarks，“notaboutMars;thisisanexhibitionaboutpeople.”Movingalong,thereisaquickyetclearflashthroughwhatthesciencefictionwriterRobinsoncalls“thehistoryofMarsinthehumanmind”.ABabylonianclaytabletandaGreekvasespeaktoearlyideasabouttheplanet.AposterfortheoriginalTotalRecallfilmremindsusofMars'spsychologicalthreat.ThemainpartoftheshowisourcurrentplansfortheRedPlanet.Therearerealspacesuitsandmodelsof3D­printedMartiansettlementsandsuitableclothingandfurniture.Missionarchitecturesandengineeringsketcheslinethewalls.RealhammersmeantfortheInternationalSpaceStationarewall­mountedbesidealow­gravitytablethathasyettoleave,andmayindeedneverleave,Earth.This,ofcourse,isthegreatstrengthofapproachingsciencethroughdesign:realityandassumptioncanbegivenequalvisualweight,drawingusintoaninformedconversationaboutwhatitisthatweactuallywantfromafutureonMars.(D)21．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．HowtomovetoMars.B．HowtosurviveonMars.C．WhatpreparationswemadeforMars.D．WhattheexhibitionofMarstrulytellsus.(A)22．WhatcanwelearnfromLisaGrossman?A．It'simpossibletoliveonMars.B．It'snogoodsettlingonMars.C．YouhavenothingtodolivingonMars.D．YoucanliveonMarsinaspacesuit.(A)23．Whatdoestheexhibitionfocuson?A．ThecurrentplansforMars.B．TheadvantagesoflivingonMars.C．TheearlyideasaboutMars.D．ThehistoryofMarsinthehumanmind.【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了伦敦设计博物馆的火星任务和殖民地设计展览“移居火星”的基本情况。21．D主旨大意题。第一段是文章的总述部分，第二至第五段详细介绍了展览的相关内容，结合尾段作者的观点可知，本文主要是关于“移居火星”展览真正告诉我们的信息。22．A细节理解题。根据第二段中“AsLisaGrossmanwroteforNewScientistacoupleofyearsago,‘What'sdifferentaboutMarsisthatthereisnothingtodothereexcepttrynottodie.’”(就像LisaGrossman几年前为《新科学家》写的那样，“火星的不同之处在于，人类除了努力地活着之外，在那里什么也做不了。”)可知，从LisaGrossman的话中我们能了解到在火星上生活是不可能的。故选A。23．A细节理解题。根据第五段中“ThemainpartoftheshowisourcurrentplansfortheRedPlanet.”(展览的主要部分是我们目前对“红色星球”的计划)可知，展览的重点是关于火星目前的计划。故选A。BInthedistantpast,ourancestorsreliedonstarstoguidethemonaclearnight.Today,wehavenavigational(导航的)systemstohelpusfindourway,thelatestofwhichistheBeiDouNavigationSatelliteSystem(BDS).TheBDSisentirelybuiltbyChineseengineers.WiththelaunchofthelastsatellitefromtheXichangSatelliteLaunchCentreonJune23,theglobalnetworkof59satelliteshasbeencompleted.OnJuly31,BeiDoustartedprovidingservicescoveringourwholeplanet.It'sdifficulttoimaginethegreatinfluencethosesatelliteshaveonourdailylives.WhenyouunlockoneofHellobike'sbicycles,youareusingtheBDS.“TheintelligentlockoneachbikereceivesBeiDousatellitesignalsandsendspositioninginformationtothedatacentrewhichwillhelpcollectbigdataonthebikesandpredictusers'ridingneedsinadvanceaccordingtothedata，”ChuYiqun,amanagerofHellobikementioned.Userscanalsofindsharedbikesmoreaccurately(精确地)thankstoBeiDou'sglobalpositioningaccuracyof2.34metres.BeiDouadoptsauniquetwo­waycommunicationsystem,includingitsabilitytoreceivemessagessentbypeoplefromareaswithpoorcommunicationsignals.Obviouslythisfunctionisn'tdesignedforuserstochatonline.Instead,itplaysarolewhendisastersoccurandcommunicationsareblocked.AftertheWenchuanEarthquakein2008,allground­basedcommunicationfacilitieswereinterrupted.ThoughthefirstgenerationofBeiDoucouldonlysend120charactersinasinglemessageatthattime,communicationbetweenaffectedareasandrescuecentreswassuccessful.Now,BeiDou'smessagingabilityhasbeenincreasedto1，200Chinesecharactersinasinglemessage.Itiswidelyusedindisasteralarms,automaticidentificationandinformationrelease.AsSunJiadong,formerchiefdesigneroftheBDSsaid,“The__application__of__BeiDou__is__only__limited__by__imagination.”(B)24．WhydoestheauthormentionHellobikeinParagraph3?A．TostresstheexcellentpositioningabilityoftheBDS.B．ToshowhowtheBDSmakespeople'sdailyliveseasier.C．TopresenttheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoftheBDS.D．ToexplainhowtheBDSworks.(A)25．WhatisBeidou'stwo­waycommunicationsystemdesignedfor?A．Tohelppeoplewhencommunicationsignalsarepoor.B．Tomakeusers'dailycommunicationmorefun.C．Toallowuserstochatonlinemorefreely.D．Tocollectdatafromusersforthedatacentre.(A)26．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphmean?A．BeiDoumaybemorehelpfulthanweknow.B．BeiDouinspiresusers'imagination.C．BeiDouneedstobefurtherimproved.D．BeiDouislimitedinapplication.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北斗导航卫星系统的发展以及在我们生活中的应用。24．B推理判断题。第三段中提到“It'sdifficulttoimaginethegreatinfluencethosesatelliteshaveonourdailylives.”(很难想象这些卫星对我们日常生活的巨大影响)；下文举出Hellobike的例子，“WhenyouunlockoneofHellobike'sbicycles,youareusingtheBDS.”(当你解锁其中一辆Hellobike自行车时，你就使用了北斗系统)和“Userscanalsofindsharedbikesmoreaccurately(精确地)thankstoBeidou'sglobalpositioningaccuracyof2.34metres.”(由于北斗全球卫星定位精度可达到2.34米，用户还可以更准确地找到共享自行车)。由此可知，作者是以Hellobike为例说明北斗系统对人们日常生活的影响，以及如何让人们的日常生活更轻松。故选B。25．A细节理解题。根据第四段中“BeiDouadoptsauniquetwo­waycommunicationsystem,includingitsabilitytoreceivemessagessentbypeoplefromareaswithpoorcommunicationsignals.”(北斗系统采用独特的双向通信系统，能够接收来自通信信号较差地区的人们发送的信息)和“itplaysarolewhendisastersoccurandcommunicationsareblocked.”(当灾难发生、通讯中断时，它就会发挥作用)可知，北斗双向通信系统是为了在通信信号不好或者信号中断时帮助人们。故选A。26．A句意理解题。在最后一段中，前首席设计师孙家栋说“TheapplicationofBeiDouisonlylimitedbyimagination.”(北斗的应用只受到想象力的限制)，即北斗系统还有更多的其他的应用，是人们还没有想象到的。北斗系统对我们的帮助可能比我们能想到的更多。故选A。CChina'shistoric23­dayChang'e5missionhasnotonlyobtainedpreciousrockandsoilsamplesfromthemoon,buthasalsobroughtbackagroupofseedsthattravelledthefurthestinthenation'sagriculturalandforestryhistories.Morethan30kindsofseeds,includingthatofrice,oatsetc.,wereplacedinsidethemulti­moduleChang'e5spacecraftandorbitedaroundthemoonforabout15days.Scientistswishedtocheckwhatwouldhappentotheseedsafterbeingexposedtoextraterrestrial(地外的)forcesinlunarorbitandalsohopedthattheycoulddevelopbeneficialmutations(突变).Thismissionofferedgoodopportunitiestoscientists,whichenabledthemtodeepentheirstudiesontheeffectofcosmicraysonthegrowthandevolutionoflifeonEarth.Space­basedmutationbreedingreferstotheprocessofexposingseedstoforcessuchasmicrogravity,vacuumsandcosmicradiationduringaspaceflightandthensendingthembacktoEarthforfurtherobservationandplanting.Researchersobserveandexamineseveralgenerationsofplantsgrownfromspace­bredseedsandinvestigatetheirmutations—somearepositiveanddesirablewhileothersarenegative.Thosewithpositivemutationswillbekeptandanalysed,andwillbeintroducedtofarmersaftertheircertificationandapproval.Spacebreedingcangeneratemutationsfasterandmoreconvenientlythanground­basedexperimentsandcanbringaboutsomedesirabletraitsthatareotherwisehardtointroduce.Comparedwithnaturalorconventionallybredtypesofplants,space­developedversionswithpositivemutationsusuallyfeaturehighernutritionalcontent,greaterannualyields,shortergrowthperiodsandbetterresistancetodiseasesandinsectpests.Chinaconducteditsfirstspacebreedingexperimentin1987,usingasatellitetocarryseedsintospace.Sincethen,hundredsofkindsofseedsandseedlingshavetravelledwithdozensofChinesespaceships.Spacebreedinghashelpedtoproducemorethan200newtypesofmutatedplantsinChinathathavebeenapprovedforlarge­scalecultivation,rangingfromgrainstovegetablesandfruits.TheChang'e5roboticmissionreturned1，731gramsoflunarrockandsoiltoEarth,markingahistoricaccomplishment44yearsafterthelastlunarsubstancesweretakenback.(D)27．WhyweretheseedsplacedinsideChang'e5?A．Topickoutthefittestformutations.B．Tounderstandextraterrestrialforces.C．Tostudytheintensityofcosmicrays.D．Toexposethemtoaspecialenvironment.(B)28．Whatdoweknowaboutspace­basedmutationbreeding?A．Itisnotatime­consumingprocess.B．Mutationsdevelopinarandomway.C．Itoftenbringsaboutdesirableeffects.D．Approvalwillbegrantedtomutatedplants.(D)29．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．Itisacustomtoputseedlingsonaspacecraft.B．Chinawasthefirsttodoaspacebreedingexperiment.C．Itissometimesinceseedswerelasttakenintospace.D．Spacebreedinghasbroughtuscommercialbenefits.(A)30．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．Space­bredSeedsOfferGreatChancesB．Chang'e5ReturnswithaBigPackageC．PlantMutationsResultinaBetterLifeD．SeedsfromSpaceMarkaNewHistory【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章提到了嫦娥五号不仅从月球带回了宝贵的岩石和土壤样本，还带回了放置在飞船内的30多种种子。文章主要对太空育种的概念、优势和收益进行了介绍。27．D细节理解题。根据第二段第一句Scientistswishedtocheckwhatwouldhappentotheseedsafterbeingexposedtoextraterrestrialforcesinlunarorbitandalsohopedthattheycoulddevelopbeneficialmutations.(科学家们希望检查这些种子在月球轨道上暴露于外星力量后会发生什么，也希望它们能发展出有益的突变)，与D项中的“让它们处于一个特殊的环境”相符，故选D项。28．B推理判断题。根据第三段倒数第二句investigatetheirmutations—somearepositiveanddesirablewhileothersarenegative(研究它们的突变发现，有些是积极的和可取的，而另一些是消极的)可知，突变是随机的，故选B项。29．D推理判断题。根据题干定位到最后一段的第三句Spacebreedinghashelpedtoproducemorethan200newtypesofmutatedplantsinChinathathavebeenapprovedforlarge­scalecultivation(太空育种已帮助中国培育出200多种新型诱变植物，并已被批准进行大规模培育)及markingahistoricaccomplishment可知，太空育种给我们带来了商业成就。故选D项。30．A标题判断题。本文主要讲述了嫦娥5号携带回了一些种子，并由此讲述了太空育种带来的巨大影响和经济效益。由此可知选A项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Inlessthantwodecades,SpaceXwentfromElonMusk'sdreamofagreenhouseexperimentonMarstoconductingthemajorityofU．S.rocketlaunches.TheearlyyearsofSpaceXwasontheedgeofdyingout,asMuskhassaid.31．__D__WhileMuskprovidedthevision,hiscompanywasnotanovernightsuccess.32．__C__SpaceXhaswonbillionsofdollarsinNASAandAirForcelaunchcontracts.Italsocarriespayloadsforprivatecompanies.33．__A__IfMusk'slong­termgoalofsendinghumanstoMarsisgoingtoberealised,SpaceXmustbeabletoregularlyandsafelylaunchastronautsintoorbit.In2020,CEOElonMuskhasrestatedthatSpaceXisstillpursuingamajorrocketreusemilestoneheoriginallysetforthecompanyseveralyearsago.34．__G__Inaconferencecallwithreporters,MuskfamouslyrevealedthattheBlock5upgradeincludeddesignchangesthatwouldfinallyallowSpaceXtoreuseorbital­classFalconboosters(助推器)atleasttentimeseach.MusksaysthatSpaceXonlyneedstoflyeachboosterthreetimestoensurethatboosterreuseischeaperthanjustbuildingnewrockets.35．__F__A．In2019,SpaceXfaceditsgreatestchallenge:launchingastronautsforNASA.B．AMarch2020enginefailurepreventedboosterrecoverybutdidn'tprecludemissionsuccess.C．KeypeoplehelpedSpaceXdevelopintothebusinessitistoday.D．Afterthreeunsuccessfulattemptstoreachorbit,histeammadehistorywithitsFalcon1rocket.E．NowSpaceXisvaluedatover$30billionandhasmorethan6，000employeesaroundthecountry.F．Withroutinelyreusingrockets,itcansavemajorresourcesandreducethecosthighly.G．TheothergoalisthatitsFalconrocketscouldfinallysoarfarbeyondit.【语篇解读】文章介绍了在不到20年的时间里，美国太空探索技术公司如何从埃隆·马斯克的火星温室实验梦想一步步变成了美国大多数火箭的发射公司的。31．D总结句。第一句主题句，介绍20年发展历程，从垂死边缘到创造历史。故选D。32．C由前句可知，虽然马斯克提供了这个愿景，但他的公司的成功并不是一蹴而就的。后句提到该公司所取得的成就，所以本空为过渡句，表顺承关系。故选C。33．A主旨句，由下句可知，如果马斯克将人类送入火星的长期目标能够实现，太空探索技术公司必须能够定期安全地将宇航员送入轨道。故选A。34．G由上句可知，在2020年，首席执行官埃隆·马斯克重申，他几年前为该公司最初设定的一个主要的目标是火箭的重复使用，所以该空应该为另一个目标。故选G。35．F结尾句，随着火箭的常规重复使用，它可以节省主要资源，并大大地降低成本。呼应前文，故选F。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Asabusinesswoman,Icaredeeplyaboutmycustomers.Butlikeanyoneforwhomyoufeelaffection,__36__canalsodriveyoumad.They'llcomerushingin,__37__theirhandbag'sbeenstolen.They'll__38__thattheyleftitinthechangingroom,createhavoc(混乱)andthen__39__ithasbeenintheircarallthetime.They'llhaveouthalfthe__40__intheshop,andwanttheonlystyleyoudon'thaveleftina__41__colour.Idoknowhowupsettheshopstaffcanget,butItrytopersuadethemtokeep__42__.Irememberthefirstreally__43__customerwehadatCoventGarden.Shewas__44__absolutelyeverything;nothingwasrightandIwasrather__45__thatshebecamea“regular”.Afterawhile,she__46__forthewayshebehavedatthebeginning.Shehadsplitupwithherhusbandtheweekbefore,waslivinginaflat__47__，andsinceshe'dfoundittoomuchtocopewith(应对),she'dtakenitouton__48__people.Thattaughtmeavaluable__49__andIpassitontothepeoplewho__50__inthemarket.Don'ttakeit__51__．Ifacustomerisrudeordifficult,justthink“Maybeshe'shadarowwithherhusband.Maybeherchild'snot__52__．”Alwayswateritdownanddon'tletyourego(自我)get__53__．Ifyoudo,youwon'tbeableto__54__itandthewholethingdevelopsintoanunpleasantsceneandthat__55__everyone'sday.()36．A．shopkeepersB．customersC．salespeopleD．receptionists(A)37．A．sayingB．pretendingC．guessingD．replying(D)38．A．agreeB．promiseC．imagineD．swear(C)39．A．forgetB．decideC．discoverD．assume(D)40．A．foodsB．cataloguesC．belongingsD．goods(A)41．A．particularB．differentC．matchingD．natural(B)42．A．fightingB．smilingC．waitingD．changing(D)43．A．generousB．politeC．carelessD．difficult(B)44．A．curiousaboutB．displeasedwithC．patientwithD．uncertainabout(C)45．A．relaxedB．delightedC．surprisedD．embarrassed(D)46．A．searchedB．arguedC．prayedD．apologised(B)47．A．bychanceB．byherselfC．onpurposeD．onduty(C)48．A．rudeB．badC．otherD．lonely(A)49．A．lessonB．trickC．skillD．trade(A)50．A．workB．shopC．meetD．quarrel(C)51．A．kindlyB．secretlyC．personallyD．casually(D)52．A．readyB．greatC．rightD．well(B)53．A．outofsightB．inthewayC．behindthesceneD．abovethelaw(C)54．A．stressB．expectC．handleD．blame(A)55．A．ruinsB．makesC．startsD．saves【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。身为女企业家的“我”关心顾客却也常被顾客的各种无理取闹折磨到发狂。一次在与一位女顾客交流过后“我”才明白，顾客的粗鲁和难缠可能是有原因的，在遇到这样的情况时，不要让自己的主观意识妨碍你内心的判断。36．B根据首句中“…Icaredeeplyaboutmycustomers”可知此处是指顾客也会把人折磨到发狂。shopkeeper店主；salespeople销售员；receptionist接待员。37．A下文为顾客讲述自己丢失物品的过程。顾客可能会冲进来，说(saying)她们的包被偷走了。pretend假装；guess猜测；reply回复。38．D然后她们斩钉截铁地说，她们把包放在了更衣室。swear表示“肯定地说”，符合语境。agree同意；promise承诺；imagine想象。39．C她们过来制造了极大的混乱之后才发现(discover)包一直就在她们的车子里面。forget忘记；decide决定；assume猜想，假设。40．D结合语境可知，她们会把商店里一半的商品都翻腾出来。goods意为“货物，商品”，符合语境。food食物；catalogue目录；belongings随身物品。41．A根据语境可知，顾客挑剔是因为她们想要你店里那个唯一没有剩下的特定颜色的款式。particular表示“特别的”，符合语境。different不同的；matching相配的；natural自然的。42．B“我”真的很了解那些店员们(碰到这种情况)是多么沮丧，但是“我”还是尽量说服他们要保持微笑(smiling)。结合常识可知，身为服务行业人员，即使遭受顾客各种“虐待”也应该要尽量保持微笑。fight战斗；wait等待；change改变。43．D作者回忆起自己遇到过的一个真的很难应付的顾客，下文“Ifacustomerisrudeordifficult…”也暗示此处指难应付的顾客。difficult意为“难以讨好的，难以取悦的”，符合语境。generous慷慨的，大方的；polite有礼貌的；careless粗心的。44．B这么难应付的顾客当然是对每一样东西都不满意。bedispleasedwith表示“对……不满意”，符合语境。becuriousabout对……好奇；bepatientwith对……有耐心；beuncertainabout对……不确定。45．C这样一位对每样东西都不满意的人，“我”很惊讶(surprised)她成了商场的常客。relaxed轻松的；delighted高兴的；embarrassed尴尬的。46．D结合上下文内容可知，此处指这位顾客为开始时她的行为道歉。apologisefor表示“为……道歉”，符合语境。search搜寻；argue争论，主张；pray祈祷。47．B这位女士说她和她丈夫一周前离婚了，她独自住在一套公寓里。结合上文的“splitupwith”(与……分手)可知，后面谈到的是她独自一个人生活。byherself表示“单独地；独自地”，符合语境。bychance偶然；onpurpose故意；onduty值班。48．C她发现事情太多了以至于没有办法应对，她就把这些(不愉快)发泄出去，迁怒到其他(other)人身上了。49．A那件事给了“我”一个教训(lesson)。结合下文内容可知，作者从中明白了很多道理，用lesson最合适。trick技巧，诡计；skill技术；trade生意。50．A作者学到了很多，并且把学到的这些道理传达给在这个商场工作(work)的人。51．C如果一个顾客对你态度粗鲁或者很难应付，不要在意，他们不是针对你。“Don'ttakeitpersonally.”意为“不要在意，别往心里去”。kindly友善地；secretly秘密地；casually随意地。52．D或许她和她丈夫吵架了，或许她的孩子不舒服。well作为形容词，意为“健康的”。上句中havearowwithsb意为“与某人吵架”。两句应该指的都是不太好的事情，空格处指孩子不舒服，符合语境。53．B遇到这样的情况时，一定要缓和语气，不要让自我意识妨碍了你的判断。intheway表示“妨碍，阻挡”。该句中waterdown为熟词生义用法，本意为“加水稀释”，此处指“缓和语气”。outofsight看不见；behindthescene在幕后；abovethelaw凌驾于法律之上。54．C如果你让自我意识占了上风，那么你就不能很好地处理这个问题。handle处理；stress强调；expect期待，指望；blame责备。55．A结合上一题可知，如果你不能很好地处理这种情况，那么整件事情就会发展成一个不好的局面，然后让所有人的一天都糟透了。ruinone'sday意为“让某人的一天糟透了”，符合语境。make制作；start开始；save拯救，节约。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Manyofuswonderwhatliesinouterspace.Whenwelookup56．__at/into__thenightsky,weseestars,thetwinkleofamovingsatelliteand57．__occasionally__(occasion)adistantplanet.Butonethingwedon'tseeisthemillionsofpiecesofjunkfillingupspace.Theamountofspacejunk58．__is__increasing/has__been__increasing__(increase).Overthelastfewdecades,satellitesandrockets59．__have__been__launched__(launch)intospace,litteringthecosmosastheygo.Thefearisthat60．__if__wedon'tstarttakingthislitteroutoftheskysoon,itwillbecomeasignificantthreattoactivesatellites.NobuOkada,CEOofAstroscale，61．__a__companyworkingonwaystocleanupspacejunk,says“evenasmallpaintfleckhasenoughpower62．__to__blow__(blow)upothersatellites.”It'sclear63．__that__asolutionisneededsoacelestialdeepcleancantakeplace.64．__Looking__(look)tothefuture,likeanylitterproblem,weneedtolookatwaysofcreating65．__less__(little).【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。许多人知道垃圾是地球上的一个大问题，很多人不知道的是，垃圾在外太空已经成为一个问题。56．at/into考查介词。句意：当我们仰望夜空时，我们会看到星星……固定短语lookupat/into表示“抬头看，仰望”。故填at/into。57．occasionally考查副词。句意：当我们仰望夜空时，我们会看到星星，正在移动的闪烁的卫星，偶尔还会看到一个遥远的星球。修饰动词see，应用副词形式，作状语。故填occasionally。58．isincreasing/hasbeenincreasing考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：太空垃圾的数量正在增多。根据句意可知，此处可以表示正在进行的动作，或者表示过去发生的动作且还要继续进行下去，应用现在进行时或现在完成进行时。主语为表示单数意义的theamountofspacejunk，谓语动词用单数形式，故填isincreasing/hasbeenincreasing。59．havebeenlaunched考查动词的时态及语态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的几十年中，人造卫星和火箭已经发射升空。根据时间状语“Overthelastfewdecades”可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语“satellitesandrockets”和动词“launch”是动宾关系，被发射，应用现在完成时的被动形式。主语为复数形式，谓语动词用复数，故填havebeenlaunched。60．if考查状语从句。句意：如果我们不尽快将这种垃圾带出天空，它将对现役卫星构成重大威胁。句子为“主系表”结构，Thefear是主语，that引导表语从句，再分析后半句可知，其是条件状语从句，表示“如果我们不尽快将垃圾带出去，垃圾将对现役卫星构成重大威胁”。故填if。61．a考查冠词。句意：致力于清理太空垃圾的公司Astroscale的首席执行官Okada说：“即使很小的油漆斑点也有足够的力量炸毁其他卫星。”此处泛指“一家公司”，应用不定冠词，company的发音是以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。62．toblow考查非谓语动词。句意同上。haveenoughpowertodosth表示“有足够的力量做某事”，不定式作后置定语。故填toblow。63．that考查主语从句。句意：很显然，需要一种解决方案，这样才能进行天体深层清洁。此处是“Itis＋adj.＋that”句型。真正的主语是that引导的从句，为了避免头重脚轻，it作形式主语。故填that。64．Looking考查非谓语动词。句意：展望未来，就像其他垃圾问题一样，我们需要研究产生更少污染的方法。此处和主语we是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词，表示主动，在句子中作状语。位于句首，单词首字母应大写。故填Looking。65．less考查形容词比较级。句意：展望未来，就像其他垃圾问题一样，我们需要研究产生更少污染的方法。根据句意可知，此处指“产生更少污染的方法”，应用little的比较级。故填less。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节应用文写作(满分15分)假设你是晨光中学学生李津。你校上周举办了主题为“太空探索”的科技周(ScienceandTechnologyWeek)活动，请你给你的英国朋友Mike写一封邮件，跟他聊聊这次活动。内容要点如下：1．邀请了张教授做关于嫦娥五号月球探测器(Chang'e5LunarProbe)的讲座；2．举办了太空探索图片展，了解中国航天史和航天英雄们的事迹；3．你的收获……注意：1．词数80左右。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；2．包含以上内容要点，可适当发挥以使行文连贯。参考词汇：航天spaceexplorationOnepossibleversion：DearMike，Howiseverythinggoingrecently？MyschoollaunchedthecampaignofScienceandTechnologyWeekwhosethemeis“SpaceExploration”lastweek.AndIcan'twaittotellyouwhatIhaveexperiencedandlearned.Therewerevariousmeaningfulactivitiesduringthewholeweek.Firstly,ourschoolinvitedProfessorZhangtogiveusalectureconcerningChina'sChang'e5LunarProbe.MrZhangtoldustheprocessofthesuccessfullandingonthemoon,whichmadeusveryproud.Besides,ourschoolalsoheldanexhibitionofphotosaboutspaceexplorationofourcount