陕西省咸阳市礼泉县2023-2024学年高二上学期期中学科素养调英语试题（ 含答案解析 ）

礼泉县2023～2024学年度第一学期中期学科素质调研高二英语注意事项：1.本试题共10页，满分150分，时间120分钟。2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和准考证号填写在答题卡上。3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。4.考试结束后，监考员将答题卡按顺序收回，装袋整理；试题不回收。第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.WhatdoesthewomansayaboutTom?A.Heworkshard.B.Heisclever.C.Heispopular.2.Whyisthemanmakingthecall?A.Toremindthewomanofarainstorm.B.Tomakeworkarrangements.C.Tohavehishouserepaired.3.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthetraining?A.Disappointing.B.Satisfying.C.Worrying.4.WhatwillJackprobablydothisweekend?A.Gocamping.B.Visitafriend.C.Watchafilm.5.Whendidthewomanhavebreakfast?A.At7:10.B.At7:30.C.At7:50.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.What’stherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Areceptionistandavisitor.C.Thebossandthesecretary.7.Whatdoesthewomangivetheman?A.Aguidebook.B.Acitymap.C.Aschedule.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.WhenwastheTigerYingmade?A.About2,000yearsago.B.About3,000yearsago.C.About4,000yearsago.9.Whatcanweknowaboutthebuyer?A.Hisnameisunknown.B.HeisfromtheUK.C.Hespent41,000dollarsonthething.听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。10.Whowillthemangivethenecklaceto?A.Hisfriend.B.Hiswife.C.Hiskid.11.Whatisthemandissatisfiedwithaboutthefirstnecklace?A.Itslength.B.Itscolor.C.Itsprice.12.Howmuchdoesthemanpay?A.$600.B.$1,080C.$1,200.13.Whatdoesthemanwantthewomantodointheend?A.Packupthenecklace.B.Keepthechange.C.Putacardinthegift.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.WhatisthemostimportanttransportationinKarl’svillage?A.Theplane.B.Thebus.C.Theboat.15.WhattypeofworkdomanypeopleinKarl’svillagedonow?A.Theyfishinaboat.B.Theymaketoolsbyhand.C.TheydobusinessontheInternet.16.WhatisKarl’sopinionabouttheoldlifestyle?A.Itisexciting.B.Itisboring.C.Itishealthy.17.WhatisKarlmostinterestedin?A.Modernclothes.B.Computergames.C.Huntingtales.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Howmanykindsofpollutionhavebeenmentionedbythespeaker?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.19.Whichisthemostseriouspollutionintoday’slife?A.Airpollution.B.Noisepollution.C.Waterpollution.20.Whatdoesthespeakeradviseustodotofightpollution?A.Plantmoretrees.B.Gotolivewithfriends.C.Takepublictransportation.第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThefollowingarenewlyreleaseddevicesalldesignedtohelpmakeyourlifemoreconvenient,beautifulandvivid.Tonal$2,995ATTONAL.COMTonalmakesliftingandresistancetrainingtrulyeasyandaccessiblefromyourownhome.ItisgreatbecauseIhateanysortofpublicweighttraining.Tonalhasaremarkablyeasyuserinterfaceandgivesdataandfeedbackinahelpfulmanner.Italsomakesyoufeelgreatbykeepingtrackofclearimprovements.Hisense75”U800GR8KULEDRokuTV$1,800ATBESTBUY8ksoundedlikealuxury,butnowthatbrandslikeHisense,whichfocusonamoreaffordableendofthespectrum,havegottensometimewiththetech,youcanfinallybringthedeepcoloroutputandstunningdetailintoyourlivingroom.Callingit“affordable”maybeastretch,butcomparedtomost8kTV’swhichallrunover$5,000,it’sthemostcost-efficientversionofthetechwe’vegot.Itgetsyourmoneyworthbest.VIVEGoggle$499ATVIVE.COMVivegoggleswillbringanextremelyaccessibleandrefreshingapproachtotheVRworld.Theyareapairofgogglesnotunlikesomethingyou’dweartosnowboard.They’reextremelylightweightwithalightningfastset—that’sconnectedwiththingslikewatchingNetflix.It’sthecalmestheadsetI’veeverwornandusescamerastoletyoucontroleverythingwithjustyourhands.Thisone’sforthenot-gamers.DysonPurifierHumidify+CoolFormaldehyde$920ATWALMARTForpeoplewhoeasilysneezebecauseofdoghairorsomethinglikethatoutside,Dysonhascreatedamachinethatsavesthemfortimeathome.Thisnewpurifierdoublesasahumidifier,plusithasacoolingfunction,makingittheendallbeallforstuffy,hot,dryapartments.1.Whichdevicewillgetyourmoneyworthbest?A.Tonal. B.DysonPurifierHumidify+CoolFormaldehyde.C.VIVEFlow. D.Hisense75”U800GR8KULEDRokuTV.2.WhatstatementofVIVEGogglesisTRUE?A.Theyareuser-friendly.B.Theyhelpkeeptrackofweight.C.Theyappealtogamers.D.Theyareintendedforwhoareallergictodust.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Aconsumerreview. B.Amagazine.C.Anovel. D.Ahealthreport.【答案】1.D2.A3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个帮助提升生活质量的新设备。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Hisense75’’U800GR8KULEDRokuTV中的“1,800ATBESTBUY”和“Callingit‘affordable’maybeastretch,butcomparedtomost8kTV’swhichallrunover5,000,it’sthemostcost-efficientversionofthetechwe’vegot.(说它“经济实惠”可能有点夸张，但与大多数售价超过5000美元的8k电视相比，它是我们所拥有的技术中最具成本效益的版本。)”可知，大多数8K的电视都要超过5000美元，但Hisense75’’U800GR8KULEDRokuTV只需要1800美元，说明它性价比非常高。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据VIVEGoggle中的“It’sthecalmestheadsetI’veeverwornandusescamerastoletyoucontroleverythingwithjustyourhands.Thisone’sforthenot-gamers.(这是我戴过的最平静的耳机，它有摄像头，让你只用手就能控制一切。这是给非游戏玩家的。)”可知，只用手就能控制一切，适用于非游戏玩家，说明这很容易操作，对用户很友好。故选A。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Thefollowingarenewlyreleaseddevicesalldesignedtohelpmakeyourlifemoreconvenient,beautifulandvivid.(以下是最新发布的设备，旨在帮助您的生活更方便，美丽和生动。)”可知，本文主要介绍了几款帮助生活更方便的新发布的设备，内容仅涉及产品价格和主要优势。文章最有可能来自杂志，目的在于打广告。故选B。BWiththeForbiddenCityandJingshanParktoitseast,Zhongnanhaitoitssouth,BeihaiPark,alsoknownasNorthernSeaPark,isoneoftheoldest,largestandbest-preservedancientimperialgardenst(皇家花园)inChinalocatedinthecenterofBeijing.BeihaiParkissaidtobebuiltaccordingtoatraditionalChineselegend.Thestoryisthatonceuponatimetherewerethreemagicmountainscalled“Penglai”,“Yingzhou”and“Fangzhang”.Godsinthosemountainshadakindofmedicinewhichwouldhelphumansgainimmortality(永生).Consequently,manyemperorsconstantlysoughtthosemountains.IForexample,EmperorQinShihuanghadsentpeopletolookforthemagicmountainsbuttheyfailed.EmperorWudi,thefifthemperoroftheWesternHanDynastydidsimilarthings.Itwasbelievedthatdifferentmountain-watercombinationsinancientChinesearchitectureledtototallydifferenteffects.Sofromthenon,almosteveryemperorduringthesucceedingdynastieswouldbuildaroyalgardenwithone-pool-with-three-hilllayoutnearhispalace.BeihaiParkwassurelybuiltafterthistraditionalstyle:thewaterofBeihaiwithZhongnanhaiistheTaiyePool;theJadeFloweryIslet,theislandoftheCircularCityandtheXishantaiIslandrepresentthethreemagicmountains.Actually,BeihaiParkwasinitiallybuiltintheLiaoDynasty(916-1125)andwasrepairedandrebuiltinthefollowingdynastiesincludingJin,Yuan,MingandQing.Thelarge-scalerebuildinginthereignofEmperorQianlongoftheQingDynasty(1644-1911)generallyestablishedthepresentscaleandpattern.In1925,itwasfirstopenedtothepublic,attractinghundredsofthousandsofvisitorsfromallovertheworldeveryyear.ItisenjoyabletowalkaroundthevariousscenicareasinBeihaiPark.Therearemanyplacestovisit,includingtheBaiTa,Five-DragonPavilions,Nine-DragonWall,Yong’anTempleandsoon.ThereisalsoaclassyrestaurantcalledFangshanRestaurantwheretheEmpressCixioncedined.4.WhereisBeihaiPark?A.Neartheocean. B.InthesouthofZhongnanhai.C.TothewestsideofJingshanPark. D.IntheuptownareaofBeijingCity.5WhatisthesimilaritybetweenEmperorQinShihuangandEmperorWudiofHanaccordingtothetext?A.Theylovedtolistentostories. B.Theybothpursuedimmortality.C.Theyweremountain-climbinglovers. D.Theywerethefirstemperoroftheirdynasties.6.HowoldisBeihaiPark?A.Lessthan100yearsold. B.About500yearsold.C.About1,000yearsold. D.Nearly2,000yearsold.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Afamouspark. B.Historicalpalaces.C.Anunforgettablelegend. D.Ancientarchitecturalstyles.【答案】4.C5.B6.C7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京北海公园的历史和建筑风格。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“WiththeForbiddenCityandJingshanParktoitseast,Zhongnanhaitoitssouth,BeihaiPark,alsoknownasNorthernSeaPark,isoneoftheoldest,largestandbest-preservedancientimperialgardens(皇家花园)inChinalocatedincenterofBeijing.(北海公园，也被称为NorthernSeaPark，东临紫禁城和景山公园，南临中南海，位于北京中心，是中国最古老、最大、保存最完好的古代皇家园林之一。)”可知，北海公园位于景山公园的西侧。故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Godsinthosemountainshadakindofmedicinewhichwouldhelphumansgainimmortality(永生).Consequently,manyemperorsconstantlysoughtthosemountains.Forexample,EmperorQinShihuanghadsentpeopletolookforthemagicmountainsbuttheyfailed.EmperorWudi,thefifthemperoroftheWesternHanDynastydidsimilarthings.(那些山上的神有一种药，可以帮助人类获得永生。因此，许多皇帝不断寻找这些山脉。例如，秦始皇曾派人去寻找神山，但他们失败了。西汉第五位皇帝汉武帝也做过类似的事情)”可知，秦始皇与汉武帝都追求长生不老。故选B项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Actually,BeihaiParkwasinitiallybuiltintheLiaoDynasty(9l6—1l25)andwasrepairedandrebuiltinthefollowingdynastiesincludingJin,Yuan,MingandQing.(实际上，北海公园最初建于辽代(公元916-1125年)，并在金、元、明、清等朝代进行了修复和重建。)”可知，北海公园已经约有一千多年的历史了。故选C项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“WiththeForbiddenCityandJingshanParktoitseast,Zhongnanhaitoitssouth,BeihaiPark,alsoknownasNorthernSeaPark,isoneoftheoldest,largestandbest-preservedancientimperialgardens(皇家花园)inChinalocatedincenterofBeijing.(北海公园，也被称为NorthernSeaPark，东临紫禁城和景山公园，南临中南海，位于北京中心，是中国最古老、最大、保存最完好的古代皇家园林之一。)”并通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一个著名的旅游景点——北海公园。故选A项。CJohnvonNeumannwastheoldestof3childrenofabanker,andhisspeedoflearningnewideasandsolvingproblemsstoodoutearly.At17,hisfathertriedtopersuadehimnottobecomeamathematicianbecausehemightleadapoorlifebeingamathematician,sovonNeumannagreedtostudychemistryaswell.In1926,at23,hereceivedadegreeinchemicalengineeringandaPh.Dinmathematics.Fromthenon,mathematicsprovidedwellenoughforhim,andheneverhadtoturntochemistry.In1930,vonNeumannvisitedPrincetonUniversityforayearandthenbecameaprofessorthere.Hisfirstbookwaspublishedin1932.In1933,theInstituteforAdvancedStudywasformed,andhebecameoneofthe6full-timepeopleintheSchoolofMathematics(Einsteinwasoneoftheothers).WorldWarIIhugelyconvertedvonNeumann’sareasofinterest.Until1940hehadbeenagreatpuremathematician.Duringandafterthewar,hebecameoneofthebestmathematicianswhoputmathematicaltheoriesintopractice.Duringthelastpartofthewarhebecameinterestedincomputingmachinesandmadeseveralfundamentalcontributions.Afterthewar,vonNeumanncontinuedhisworkwithcomputers,andwasgenerallyveryactiveingovernmentservice.Hereceivedmanyawards.HewasthepresidentoftheAmericanMathematicalSocietyandwasamemberoftheAtomicEnergyCommission.Hediedofcancerin1957.VonNeumannmadeseveralgreatcontributionsandanyoneofthemwouldhavebeenenoughtoearnhimafirmplaceinhistory.Hewillberememberedasoneofthegreatestmindsofthe20thcentury.VonNeumannreallywasalegendinhisowntime,andthereareanumberofstoriesabouthim.Hisdrivingabilityisapartofhislegend.Hereportedoneaccidentthisway:“Iwasdrivingdowntheroad.Thetreesontherightwerepassingmeinanorderlyfashionat60milesperhour.Suddenlyoneofthemsteppedinmypath.”8.JohnvonNeumannalsolearnedchemistrybecause________.A.hisfatherdidn’ttrusthistalentinlearningmathematicsB.hebelievedhecouldliveawealthylifelearningchemistryC.hehadthegiftforsolvingproblemsatahighspeedD.hisfatherworriedabouthisincomeasamathematician9.WhenwasJohnvonNeumann’sfirstbookpublished?A.In1926. B.In1930. C.In1932. D.In1933.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“converted”meaninParagraph3?A.Ban. B.Change. C.Delay. D.Break.11.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeJohnvonNeumann?A.Intelligentandhumorous. B.Smartbutcareless.C.Braveandcalm. D.Kindandeasy-going.【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了著名科学家约翰·冯·诺伊曼的生平经历、取得的重大成就以及一则有趣的故事。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“At17,hisfathertriedtopersuadehimnottobecomeamathematicianbecausehemightleadapoorlifebeingamathematician,sovonNeumannagreedtostudychemistryaswell.(17岁时，冯·诺伊曼的父亲劝他不要成为一名数学家，因为当数学家可能会过着贫穷的生活，所以他也同意学习化学)”可知，因为他父亲担心他作为数学家收入会很微薄，所以冯·诺伊曼也学习了化学。故选D项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Hisfirstbookwaspublishedin1932.(他的第一本书出版于1932年)”可知，冯·诺伊曼出版第一本书时是1932年。故选C项。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文“Until1940hehadbeenagreatpuremathematician.Duringandafterthewar,hebecameoneofthebestmathematicianswhoputmathematicaltheoriesintopractice.(直到1940年，他一直是一位伟大的纯粹数学家。在战争期间和战后，他成为将数学理论付诸实践的最优秀的数学家之一)”可知，冯·诺伊曼在战争前研究纯粹数学，在战争期间和战后研究如何应用数学理论。由此可知，二战改变了他的兴趣领域，converted意思应该是“改变，转变”，与change意思接近。故选B项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段描述的冯·诺伊曼惊人的学习能力，第二段描述的突出的研究能力，第三段描述的在理论数学、应用数学和计算机等领域取得的巨大成就可知，他非常聪明。根据最后一段中“Hereportedoneaccidentthisway:“Iwasdrivingdowntheroad.Thetreesontherightwerepassingmeinanorderlyfashionat60milesperhour.Suddenlyoneofthemsteppedinmypath.”(他这样报告了一起事故：“我在路上开车。右边的树以每小时60英里的速度有序地从我身边经过。突然，其中一个挡住了我的去路”)”可知，冯·诺依曼在报告开车事故时，将自己与树木之间的动与静的状态颠倒，让人忍俊不禁，因此他非常幽默。故选A项。DThereishopeforourplanet’ssurvival.Innovativeproductsarebeingdesignedtoreduceourdependenceonplastic,single-useplasticinparticular.OnesuchinnovationcomesfrominternationaldesignfirmCarloRattiAssociatiwithits“FeelthePeel”machine,anexperimentalroundedjuicebarthatnotonlymakesfreshlysqueezedorangejuice,butalso3Dprintsarecyclablebioplasticcupwiththeleftoverorangepeels(果皮).DesignedwithglobalenergycompanyEni.Thejuiceris10feettallandtoppedwithamassivedome(圆顶)feedingthejuicerwithorangesondemand.Thedomeismadeupofroundtracksthatholdupto1,500oranges.A3Dprinterissetupinthebaseofthemachine.Themachinegoeslikemagic.Whenanorderisplaced,theorangesslidedownthetrackstoasqueezer,andthejuiceisthendeposited(使沉积)intoan“orangepeel”bio-plasticcup,readytoenjoy.Meanwhile,thefreshlysqueezedpeelsfalldownatubeandgatheratthebottomofthemachinewheretheyaredried,milledandmixedwithPolylacticAcid,creatingabioplasticmaterial.Thebioplasticisthenheatedandmeltedintoafilament(细丝)andthe3Dprinterthencreatesrecyclablebioplasticcups,readytobefilledwithfreshlysqueezedjuice.Howcoolthatis!ItseemsthatCarloRattiAssociatiandEnihaveplanstotake“FeelthePeel”beyondjustorangejuice.“Theprincipleofrecyclingisamustfortoday’sobjects,”saysCarloRatti,“WorkingwithEni,wetriedtoshowrecyclinginaverytangibleway,bydevelopingamachinethathelpsustounderstandhoworangescanbeusedwellbeyondtheirjuice.Thenextimprovementof“FeelthePeel”mightincludenewfunctions,suchasprintingfabricforclothingfromorangepeels.”12.Whatcanweknowabout“FeelthePeel”machine?A.Itincreasestheoutputoforangejuice.B.Itmakesorangejuicetastebetter.C.Itbanstheuseofsingle-useplastic.D.Itmakessomethingbeyondorangejuice.13.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph4?A.Thereasonforthemachine’spopularity.B.Thewaythemachineworks.C.Thestructureofthemachine.D.Thewaytousethemachine.14.WhatisCarlo’sattitudetothefutureofthemachine?A.Pessimistic. B.Cautious. C.Positive. D.Indifferent.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.OrangeJuicer3DPrintsBioplasticCupsB.ANewFormofOrangePeelsC.DifferentInnovativeProductsAreBeingDesignedD.CarloInventsSeveralRecyclableMachines【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一个名为“FeelthePeel”的机器，不仅可以制作新鲜压榨的橙汁，还可以用剩余的橙子皮3D打印出可回收的生物塑料杯子。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“OnesuchinnovationcomesfrominternationaldesignfirmCarloRattiAssociatiwithits“FeelthePeel”machine,anexperimentalroundedjuicebarthatnotonlymakesfreshlysqueezedorangejuice,butalso3Dprintsarecyclablebioplasticcupwiththeleftoverorangepeels(果皮).(其中一项创新来自国际设计公司CarloRattiAssociation的FeelthePeel机器，这是一种实验性的圆形果汁棒，不仅可以制作新鲜挤压的橙汁，还可以用剩下的橙子皮3D打印一个可回收的生物塑料杯)”可知，FeelthePeel机器不仅可以制作新鲜压榨的橙汁，还可以用剩余的橙子皮3D打印出可回收的生物塑料杯子，它能做出橙汁以外的东西。故选D项。【13题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Themachinegoeslikemagic.Whenanorderisplaced,theorangesslidedownthetrackstoasqueezer,andthejuiceisthendeposited(使沉积)intoan“orangepeel”bio-plasticcup,readytoenjoy.Meanwhile,thefreshlysqueezedpeelsfalldownatubeandgatheratthebottomofthemachinewheretheyaredried,milledandmixedwithPolylacticAcid,creatingabioplasticmaterialThebioplasticisthenheatedandmeltedintoafilament(细丝)andthe3Dprinterthencreatesrecyclablebioplasticcups,readytobefilledwithfreshlysqueezedjuice.(这台机器运转起来很神奇。下单后，橙子沿着轨道滑到挤压机上，然后将果汁放入“橙皮”生物塑料杯中，准备享用。与此同时，新鲜挤压的果皮从一根管子里掉下来，聚集在机器的底部，在那里它们被干燥、研磨并与聚乳酸混合，形成了一种生物塑料材料。然后，生物塑料被加热并融化成细丝，3D打印机生成可回收的生物塑料杯，准备装满新鲜挤压的果汁)”可知，本段主要介绍了新榨汁机工作的方式。故选B项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Theprincipleofrecyclingisamustfortoday’sobjects,”saysCarloRatti,“WorkingwithEni,wetriedtoshowrecyclinginaverytangibleway,bydevelopingamachinethathelpsustounderstandhoworangescanbeusedwellbeyondtheirjuice.Thenextimprovementof“FeelthePeel”mightincludenewfunctions,suchasprintingfabricforclothingfromorangepeels.”(CarloRatti说：“回收利用的原则对当今的物品来说是必须的。我们与埃尼集团合作，通过开发一台机器，帮助我们了解如何在果汁之外使用橙子，试图以一种非常有形的方式展示回收利用。FeelthePeel的下一个改进可能包括新功能，例如用橙子皮打印衣服面料。”)”可知，CarloRatti认为FeelthePeel可以进一步改进，让橙子可以有更多用途，所以CarloRatti对FeelthePeel持有的是积极乐观的态度。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第二段“OnesuchinnovationcomesfrominternationaldesignfirmCarloRattiAssociatiwithits“FeelthePeel”machine,anexperimentalroundedjuicebarthatnotonlymakesfreshlysqueezedorangejuice,butalso3Dprintsarecyclablebioplasticcupwiththeleftoverorangepeels(果皮).(其中一项创新来自国际设计公司CarloRattiAssociation的FeelthePeel机器，这是一种实验性的圆形果汁棒，不仅可以制作新鲜挤压的橙汁，还可以用剩下的橙子皮3D打印一个可回收的生物塑料杯)”可知，文章主要介绍了FeelthePeel机器，不仅可以制作新鲜压榨的橙汁，还可以用剩余的橙子皮3D打印出可回收的生物塑料杯子，所以“橙子榨汁机3D打印生物塑料杯”可以作为文章标题。故选A项。第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Languageisapartofcultureandplaysaveryimportantroleinit.Withoutlanguage,culturewouldnotbepossible.___16___Bodymovement,eyecontact,gesture,andfacialexpressionareotherformsoflanguagewecallnonverbalcommunication.Bodylanguagemakesupthelargestpartofournonverbalcommunication.AccordingtoSocialAnthropologist,EdwardT.Hall,inanormalconversationbetweentwopersons,lessthan15%ofsocialmeaningistransmitted(传达)bywords.___17___Andpeoplehavedifferentgesturestoconveytheirexpressions.However,nonverbalcommunication,liketraffic,isnotrandom(随意的);ithasapurpose.___18___Learningthedifferentcommonrulesofbodylanguageindifferentculturesisveryusefulforustounderstandeachotherbetter.Peoplecomingfromthesameculturesharecommonunderstandingbyusingthesamebodylanguagesuchaseyemanagement,facialexpressions,gestures,andbodymovements.Butindifferentculturesnonverbalcommunicationtakesondifferentpatterns.Forexample,“arms”,whichareusedlittlebyNordicsduringaconversation,areanimportantelementinone’scommunicativeweaponry(武器)inItaly,Spain,andSouthAmerica.InAfrica,standinginatoo“open”fashion,meansthatyourposturemightbeinappropriate.___19___InculturessuchasAmerica,whereyouoftenstandwithyourfeetshoulder-lengthapart,armsatyourside,standinginthisfashionmightbeinterpretedasbeingshyandinsecure.___20___A.Ifyouknowhowtocommunicatewithpeoplefromdifferentcountries.B.Inthesecultures,oneshouldstandwithfeetpressedtogetherandhandsinterlacedinfrontofthebody.C.Differentcultureshavedifferentwaysofusingnonverbalcommunication.D.Languageisnottheonlywaytoexpressourideasandfeelings.E.Andtherearecommonrulestoguideitsflow.F.Soyoushouldfirstlearnabouttheirbodylanguagebeforeyoutraveltoothercountries.G.Misuseofbodylanguagecanbeunpleasant.【答案】16.D17.C18.E19.B20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。肢体语言可以帮助人们传递信息，但是同一种姿势可能会因文化不同而产生不同的含义。【16题详解】根据下文“Bodymovement,eyecontact,gesture,andfacialexpressionareotherformsoflanguagewecallnonverbalcommunication.(身体动作、眼神交流、手势和面部表情是我们称之为非语言交流的其他形式的语言。)”可知，主要说明了除了语言还有其他的非语言交流，D项的“nottheonly”为顺承关系，指出了语言不是唯一的交流方式，D选项“语言并不是表达我们思想和感情的唯一方式。”符合语境，故选D。【17题详解】根据下文“Andpeoplehavedifferentgesturestoconveytheirexpressions.However,nonverbalcommunication,liketraffic,isnotrandom(随意的);ithasapurpose.(人们有不同的手势来表达他们的表情。然而，非语言交流，就像交通一样，不是随机的；它是有目的的)”可知，上文主要提到了人们用不同手势表达自己。故C选项“不同的文化有不同的使用非语言交流的方式”符合语境，故选C。【18题详解】根据上文“However,nonverbalcommunication,liketraffic,isnotrandom(随意的);ithasapurpose.(然而，非语言交流，就像交通一样，不是随机的；它是有目的的)”可知，上文主要提到了非语言交流的方式是有目的的，故本句继续提到非语言交流背后的规则，以及空后“Learningthedifferentcommonrulesofbodylanguageindifferentculturesisveryusefulforustounderstandeachotherbetter.(学习不同文化中不同的共同肢体语言规则对我们更好地相互理解是非常有用的。)”E项中的“therearecommonrulestoguideitsflow”与上文中的“isnotrandom”相照应；its指代上文中的“nonverbalcommunication”。E项中“commonrules”与下文文中的commonrules为原词复现关系，故E选项“有一些共同的规则来引导它的流动”符合语境，故选E。【19题详解】根据上文“InAfrica,standinginatoo“open”fashion,meansthatyourposturemightbeinappropriate.(在非洲，站得太“开放”意味着你的姿势可能不合适。)”可知，这里指出非洲文化中应使用的正确站姿。本句与上文为顺承关系。B项中的standwithfeetpressedtogetherandhandsinterlaced是不开放的一种姿势。B选项“在这些文化中，一个人应该站在前面，两脚并拢，双手交叉。”符合语境，故选B。【20题详解】根据上文“InAfrica,standinginatoo“open”fashion,meansthatyourposturemightbeinappropriate.4InculturessuchasAmerica,whereyouoftenstandwithyourfeetshoulder­lengthapart,armsatyourside,standinginthisfashionmightbeinterpretedasbeingshyandinsecure.(在非洲，站得太“开放”意味着你的姿势可能不合适。……在像美国这样的文化中，你经常双脚分开站着，手臂放在身体两侧，这样站着可能会被理解为害羞和没有安全感)”可知，指出非洲文化和美国文化中使用的站姿有不同的含义。故F选项“因此，在前往其他国家/地区之前，您应该首先了解他们的肢体语言。”符合语境，故选F。第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Lastyearinearlysummer,IwaswalkingtomyhousewhenIsawtwolargebirdsstandinginmyyard.Theydidn’tseemto___21___meuntilIwasrightinfrontofthemandthenthey___22___disappearedintothenearbybushes.Iwasquiteexcitedbythe___23___oftwospecialbirdsmakinganest(巢)inmyyard.Afewweekslater,thebirds___24___again.Ifoundthemcrouching(蹲伏)besideatree.AsI___25___them,theystuckouttheirheadsandmadeacroaking(嘶哑地叫)sound.Ididn’tknowwhytheywerecroakingatmeuntilashorttimelaterImadeanamazing___26___thereweretwosmallbirds___27___aroundhappily.AsIinchedtowardsthebirds,___28___nottomakesuddenmovements,theystartedtheircroakingagain,puttingtheirnecksforwardsotheyseemed___29___andmorethreatening.Themotherputthebabybirdsunderherwingsandcarefullycroucheddownoverthemsoherbabieswerewell___30___.IwaswatchingthemwithrespectwhenIsuddenly___31___andfelltotheground.Themothertookthisasa(n)___32___andthefatherracedtowardsme,___33___hiswings.toprotectthemotherandthebabybirds.Ifeltsorrytohavedisturbedthemandleftquickly.Iamamazedbytheir___34___actions.Theirparentallovemadethemsocourageous.Itishardnottoshow___35___fornature.21.A.remind B.notice C.commit D.vary22.A.immediately B.recently C.chemically D.slowly23.A.barrier B.sense C.idea D.opinion24.A.posed B.removed C.expanded D.appeared25.A.brokedown B.summedup C.walkedto D.gaveup26.A.discovery B.collection C.warning D.boundary27.A.fighting B.jumping C.digesting D.trialing28.A.careful B.curious C.angry D.bored29.A.neater B.healthier C.longer D.stronger30.A.fed B.adjusted C.hidden D.educated31.A.tripped B.adopted C.approved D.forecasted32.A.target B.threat C.wire D.theme33.A.shooting B.obeying C.folding D.spreading34.A.academic B.brave C.scary D.average35.A.gratitude B.emotion C.respect D.silence【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.C26.A27.B28.A29.D30.C31.A32.B33.D34.B35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者在家门口发现筑巢的小鸟，并感叹父母保护孩子的本能，体会到敬畏大自然的道理。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们似乎没有注意到我，直到我走到它们的正前方，它们才立刻消失在附近的灌木丛中。A.remind使想起；B.notice注意到；C.commit犯罪；D.vary变化。根据下文中的“untilIwasrightinfrontofthemandthenthey______disappearedintothenearbybushes.”可知，作者到了他们前面，他们才飞走，说明他们没有“注意到”作者。故选B。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：它们似乎没有注意到我，直到我走到它们正前方，它们才立刻消失在附近的灌木丛中。A.immediately立刻，马上；B.recently最近；C.chemically用化学；D.slowly慢慢地。根据常识和下文中的“disappearedintothenearbybushes.”可知，鸟发现人，应是“立刻”飞走，消失在树丛中。故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：两只特别的鸟在我的院子里筑巢的想法让我很兴奋。A.barrier障碍；B.sense意义；C.idea想法；D.opinion观点。根据上文中的“Iwasquiteexcited”和下文中的“oftwospecialbirdsmakinganest(巢)inmyyard”可知，两只特殊的鸟在院子里筑巢，这应是作者的一个“想法”，这想法让作者很兴奋。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：几周后，这些鸟又出现了。A.posed发布；B.removed清除；C.expanded扩大；D.appeared出现。根据上文中的“Lastyearinearlysummer,IwaswalkingtomyhousewhenIsawtwolargebirdsstandinginmyyard.”和“Afewweekslater,thebirds”可知，此处指的是作者几周前见到的两只鸟“出现”了。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当我走近它们时，它们伸出脑袋，发出呱呱的声音。A.brokedown出故障；B.summedup总结；C.walkedto走向；D.gaveup放弃。根据下文中的“theirheadsandmadeacroaking(嘶哑地叫)sound.”可知，作者靠近鸟们时，鸟们发出嘶哑的叫声。故选C。26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不知道他们为什么对我呱呱叫，直到不久之后，我有了一个惊人的发现：有两只小鸟快乐地跳来跳去。A.discovery发现；B.collection收藏；C.warning警告；D.boundary边界。根据下文中的“thereweretwosmallbirds______aroundhappily.”可知，有两只小鸟跳来跳去，由此可知，这是作者的一个“发现”符合语境。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道他们为什么对我呱呱叫，直到不久之后，我有了一个惊人的发现：有两只小鸟快乐地跳来跳去。A.fighting战斗；B.jumping跳起；C.digesting消化；D.trialing跟踪。根据常识以及下文中的happily可知，此处应为小鸟快乐地“跳来跳去”符合语境。故选B。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我小心翼翼地挪向鸟儿时，它们又开始叫了起来，脖子向前伸着，显得更强壮，更有威胁性。A.careful小心的；B.curious好奇的；C.angry生气的；D.bored无聊的。根据上文中的“AsIinchedtowardsthebirds”可知，作者谨慎移动，所以此处为“小心翼翼的”符合语境。故选A。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我小心翼翼地挪向鸟儿时，它们又开始叫了起来，脖子向前伸着，显得更强壮，更有威胁性。A.neater更整洁的；B.healthier更健康的；C.longer更长的；D.stronger更强大的。根据上文中的“theyst