Unit+1+Knowing+Me,+Knowing+You+Grammar+ +Vocabulary 高一英语外研版（2019）必修第三册

外研必修第三册Unit2Period2Grammar&Vocabulary12Tolearntheusageof-edformasattributiveinasentenceanduseitcorrectly.Tousethewordsandphrasesdescribingpersonalqualitiescorrectly.目标一：Tolearntheusageof-edformasattributiveinasentenceanduseitcorrectly.Activity1:Lookatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandanswerthequestions.a....Ryanhadtroublebelievingthewordsspokenbyhisteacher...b.InUganda,Ryanatlastsawthefinishedwellwithhisowneyes.1Whatwasspokeninsentence(a)?Whatwasfinishedinsentence(b)?“Thewords”werespokeninsentence(a).“Thewell”wasfinishedinsentence(b).2Whydoestheauthoruse-edinsteadof-ing?Because“thewords”were“spoken”insteadof“speaking”,and“thewell”was“finished”insteadof“finishing”.Thewordsinboldshowpassiveinsteadofactiveactions.Comparethemwiththefollowingsentencesandanswerthequestions.Andlookformoresentenceswith-edasattributiveinthereadingpassage.a....Ryanhadtroublebelievingthewordsspokenbyhisteacher...b.InUganda,Ryanatlastsawthefinishedwellwithhisowneyes.c....Ryanhadtroublebelievingthewordswhichwerespokenbyhisteacher...d.InUganda,Ryanatlastsawthewell,whichwasfinished,withhisowneyes.3.Whatisthedifferencebetweenthetwogroupsofsentences?Sentences(a)and(b)contain-edasattributivewhilesentences(c)and(d)containattributiveclauses.4.Whydoestheauthorchoosetouse-edinsteadofanattributiveclauseinthereadingpassage?Thesentencesusing-edasattributivearemoreconciseandformal.1.Whattheyneededwasawelldugneartheirhomes.(para.2)2.Healsosawhundredsofdelightedstudentswhohadturnedouttowelcomehim.(para.4)3.Manyinspiredpeoplegavehimtheirsupport.(para.5)4.Thisinsightgrewfromthedeterminedattitudeofasix-year-oldboywhohadthecourageandperseverancetomakehisdreamareality.(para.6)Activity2:Readthesentencesusing-edasattributivescarefully,andsummarisetherulesofverb-edasattributive.(1)InUganda,Ryanatlastsawthefinishedwellwithhisowneyes.(2)Manyinspiredpeoplegavehimtheirsupport.(3)Ryanhadtroubledbelievingthewordsspokenbyhisteacher.(4)AwellbuiltnearaprimaryschoolinUgandacost$2000.PositionsTheverb-edformsareusedasadjectivestomodifythenounswhentheyappearbeforenouns.Theverb-edphraseisusedafteranountomodifythenounlikeanattributeclause.

MeaningsTheverb-edformcanexpressthepassivemeaning.Theverb-edformcanexpressthepastmeaning.Theverb-edformfunctioningacommonadjectivecanexpressone’sfeeling.【拓展精讲】过去分词作定语过去分词是非谓语动词的一种。从语法功能分析,过去分词兼有动词、形容词或副词的特性,可在句中充当定语、表语、宾语补足语或状语。过去分词通常与其逻辑主语之间存在动宾关系,表示被动和完成。一、过去分词作定语的位置1.单个的过去分词作定语通常放在被修饰词之前；过去分词短语作定语则放在被修饰词之后，相当于一个定语从句。a...Ryanhadtroublebelievingthewordsspokenbyhisteacher...bInUganda,Ryanatlastsawthefinishedwellwithhisowneyes.有些过去分词表示特定含义，单独作定语也放在被修饰的名词之后，如left(剩余的)，given(所给的)，concerned(有关的)等。另外，单个过去分词作定语修饰代词时，应该放在被修饰的词后面。*Thereislittlefoodleftinthefridge.Let’sbuysome.冰箱里几乎没有剩下什么食物了，咱们买一些吧。*Heisoneofthoseinvitedtothelecture.他是那些被邀请去讲座的人之一。2.有些过去分词作定语既可前置也可后置,意义不变。*Allthebrokenwindowshavebeenrepaired.=Allthewindowsbrokenhavebeenrepaired.所有坏了的窗户都已经修理好了。但有些过去分词置于被修饰词前后的位置不同,则意义也不相同。*Themethodusedisveryefficient.所用的这个方法很有效。*Thisisausedcarworthonly5,000yuan.这是一辆只值5000元的旧车。有些表示情感或心理状态的过去分词已经完全形容词化,常见的这类过去分词有:disappointed(失望的),moved(感动的),interested(感兴趣的),surprised(感到惊讶的),shocked(震惊的,震撼的),puzzled(迷惑不解的),frightened(受惊吓的)等。二、过去分词作定语的意义1.及物动词的过去分词作定语,具有完成和被动两层含义。steamedbread馒头boiledwater开水2.不及物动词的过去分词作定语,只表示动作的完成,无被动之意。afallentree一棵倒下的树aretiredworker一位退休工人Activity3:ReadthediscussionbetweentwostudentsaboutRyan’sfoundation.Rewritetheunderlinedsentencesusingthe-edform.

Ryanisayoungmanwho

isadmiredbyalotofpeople.

ThemoneywhichisraisedbyhisfoundationsupportsschoolsandcommunitiesinAfrica.Ithinkdiggingwellsfordrinkingwaterisagoodwaytosolvetheproblemofwatershortage.Ryanisayoungmanadmiredbyalotofpeople.Themoneyraisedbyhisfoundation

supportsschoolsandcommunitiesinAfrica.Iabsolutelyagreewithyou.Diggingwellsisagoodway,butnottheonlyway,tosolvetheproblemofwatershortageinAfrica.Asinthe

wordswhichwerespokenbyRyan,weneedtonotonlydonatemoneybutalsogetnewideas.

Ithinkthesupportwhichisneededincludesnewtechnologyforrecycling

waterandeducationonhowtouseandsavewater.Asinthewordsspokenby

Ryan,weneedtonotonlydonatemoneybutalsogetnewideas.Ithinkthesupportneededincludesnewtechnologyforrecyclingwaterandeducationonhowtouseandsavewater.Activity4:Readthepassageandchoosethecorrectformofthewords.TheUnitedNationsChildren’sFund,alsoknowing/

knownasUNICEF,isaUnitedNations(UN)organisationbasing/

basedinNewYork.Itoffershelpneeding/

neededbychildrenallovertheworld.UNICEFwasfoundedon11December1946,toprovidefoodandhealthcaretochildrenincountriesdamaging/

damagedinWorldWarⅡ.Since1953,UNICEFhastakenupanextendedmissiontohelpchildreninthedeveloping/

developedworld,includingthoseliving/

livedwith

diseasesordisabilities,andthoseaffecting/

affectedbyrapidmodernisationandenvironmental

problems.Now,UNICEFhasbeenworkingtoimprovethelivesofchildrenandtheirfamiliesacross

190countriesandterritories.目标二：Tousethewordsandphrasesdescribingpersonalqualitiescorrectly.Activity1:Readthedescriptionsandunderlinethewordsthatdescribepersonalqualities.LiuTaoHe’ssensitiveandratherserious,whichsometimesmakeshimappeartobealittlebookish.

Buthe’salsoanindependentthinker.

Healwaysknowshowtomakewisedecisions.She’susuallyveryshy,butshe’sgenerousandneverhesitatestohelp.She’salsothemosthonestpersonIknow.

Icanalwaystrustherwithmysecrets.LiMeiTimAnnaHe’salwaysconfidentabouteverything.He’sagoodpublicspeakerandIhaveneverseenhimgetnervous.Andhe’screative.Heoftencomesupwithgoodideas.She’seasygoing

withasenseofhumour.She’